van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures constructed by lowdimensional(0D,1D,and 2D)materials are emerging as one of the most appealing systems in next-generation flexible photodetection.Currently,hand-stacked vdW-type phot...van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures constructed by lowdimensional(0D,1D,and 2D)materials are emerging as one of the most appealing systems in next-generation flexible photodetection.Currently,hand-stacked vdW-type photodetectors are not compatible with large-areaarray fabrication and show unimpressive performance in self-powered mode.Herein,vertical 1D GaN nanorods arrays(NRAs)/2D MoS_(2)/PEDOT:PSS in wafer scale have been proposed for self-powered flexible photodetectors arrays firstly.The as-integrated device without external bias under weak UV illumination exhibits a competitive responsivity of 1.47 A W^(−1)and a high detectivity of 1.2×10^(11)Jones,as well as a fast response speed of 54/71μs,thanks to the strong light absorption of GaN NRAs and the efficient photogenerated carrier separation in type-II heterojunction.Notably,the strain-tunable photodetection performances of device have been demonstrated.Impressively,the device at−0.78%strain and zero bias reveals a significantly enhanced photoresponse with a responsivity of 2.47 A W^(−1),a detectivity of 2.6×10^(11)Jones,and response times of 40/45μs,which are superior to the state-of-the-art self-powered flexible photodetectors.This work presents a valuable avenue to prepare tunable vdWs heterostructures for self-powered flexible photodetection,which performs well in flexible sensors.展开更多
Although the traditional Fenton reaction is considered an effective strategy for solving problems caused by environmental pollution,construction of an efficient photocatalytic system by coordinating the Fenton reactio...Although the traditional Fenton reaction is considered an effective strategy for solving problems caused by environmental pollution,construction of an efficient photocatalytic system by coordinating the Fenton reaction is challenging.In this study,2D/2D step-schemeα-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6(FO/BWO)heterostructure photo-Fenton catalysts were successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,TEM,XPS,UV-vis DRS,PL,I-t,EIS,and BET analyses.Under visible light irradiation,FO/BWO exhibited remarkably high and stable photo-Fenton catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl blue(MB)at low concentrations of H2O2.It was noted that FO/BWO(0.5)displayed a significantly enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic activity,which was 11.06 and 3.29 times those of FO nanosheets and BWO nanosheets,respectively.The notably improved photo-Fenton catalytic activity of FO/BWO was mainly due to the combination of H2O2 and FO under light illumination and the presence of the 2D/2D S-scheme heterostructure,with the large contact surface,abundant active sites,and efficient separation rate of photogenerated carriers playing contributory roles.Additionally,a possible catalytic mechanism for the FO/BWO composite was preliminarily proposed via active species trapping experiments.In summary,this study provided new insights into the synthesis of an effectively heterogeneous 2D/2D S-scheme photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.展开更多
Lignin is considered an ideal natural material for the production of sustainable monophenols.In this study,a microwave-assisted depolymerization(MAD)strategy was developed.The introduction of solvent vapors in the dyn...Lignin is considered an ideal natural material for the production of sustainable monophenols.In this study,a microwave-assisted depolymerization(MAD)strategy was developed.The introduction of solvent vapors in the dynamic vapor flow reaction system was performed to enhance the lignin conversion efficiency.The results showed that no liquid products were generated from the MAD of lignin without solvent vapors.With the introduction of solvents(CH_(3)OH,HCHO,HCOOH,and CH_(2)Cl_(2)),liquid products appeared(especially with CH_(2)Cl_(2),which had the highest yield of 41.9 wt%).Results from gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of liquid products showed that seven kinds of compounds,including guaiacols,phenols,syringols,methoxyphenyls,heterocycles,esters,and aromatics were identified.CH_(2)Cl_(2) can significantly enhance the production of monophenols(guaiacols,phenols,and syringols).The introduction of these solvent vapors can also facilitate the generation of porous char with high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface areas.Some carbon nanospheres deposited on the surface of the char were obtained with the assistance of CH_(2)Cl_(2).This study provides a facile method for the utilization of lignin in the field of bio-based fine chemicals.展开更多
Kraft lignin has the potential to replace traditional fossil resources for the preparation of high-value chemicals because it is rich in aromatic rings and active functional groups.An effective method for the pyrolysi...Kraft lignin has the potential to replace traditional fossil resources for the preparation of high-value chemicals because it is rich in aromatic rings and active functional groups.An effective method for the pyrolysis of kraft lignin into chemicals/fuels is microwave-assisted depolymerization.A simulation model is urgently needed to illustrate the coupling effect and mechanism of lignin conversion during the depolymerization process.In this study,COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate the microwave-assisted depolymerization process.The results showed that microwave power had a significant effect on the electric field and temperature distribution in the microwave cavity,while the reaction time had little effect on the electric field.The effect of the nitrogen flow rate on the electric field and temperature was negligible.The intensity of the electric field,heating rate of lignin,and final temperature of lignin depolymerization increased with increasing microwave power.展开更多
The randomized phase 3 CHART trial(NCT03520478)revealed that rezvilutamide(REZ)plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)in high-volume,metastatic,hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC)significantly enhanced radiographi...The randomized phase 3 CHART trial(NCT03520478)revealed that rezvilutamide(REZ)plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)in high-volume,metastatic,hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC)significantly enhanced radiographic progression-free and overall survival than bicalutamide(BIC)-ADT.Accordingly,we examined patient-reported outcomes(PROs)results,which were exploratory endpoints in the CHART trial.The patients were randomly allocated to receive REZ-ADT or BIC-ADT in a 1:1 ratio.The PROs were evaluated with the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form(BPI-SF)and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate(FACT-P)questionnaires.Both study groups displayed comparable baseline pain scores and functional status.Patients administered REZ-ADT had an extended time to progression of worst pain intensity in comparison to those treated with BIC-ADT(25th percentile,9.2[95%CI 7.4-16.6]vs.6.4 months[95%CI 5.5-8.3];HR 0.75[95%CI 0.57-0.97];p=0.026).Similarly,patients received REZ-ADT exhibited a delayed time to progression of pain interference in comparison to those receiving BIC-ADT(25th percentile,20.2[95%CI 12.9-31.3]vs.10.2 months[95%CI 7.4-11.1];HR 0.70[95%CI 0.52-0.93];p=0.015).Additionally,the REZ-ADT group demonstrated a prolonged delay in the deterioration of the total score on the FACT-P questionnaire(25th percentile,12.8[95%CI 7.4-20.3]vs.6.0 months[95%CI 4.6-9.2];HR 0.66[95%CI 0.50-0.86];p=0.002),as well as most of the FACT-P subscale scores,in comparison to the BIC-ADT group.In conclusion,REZ-ADT is superior to BIC-ADT regarding the pain alleviation and enhancement of functional scales for high-volume mHSPC.展开更多
This study investigated the impact of different ratios of soluble to insoluble dietary fiber(SDF:IDF)formulations by sugar beet pulp(SBP)supplementation on piglet growth performance,nutrient digestibility,immune funct...This study investigated the impact of different ratios of soluble to insoluble dietary fiber(SDF:IDF)formulations by sugar beet pulp(SBP)supplementation on piglet growth performance,nutrient digestibility,immune function,intestinal morphology,intestinal microbiota and intestinal health.A total of 60 crossbred piglets(Duroc×[Landrace×Yorkshire])at 40 d old with body weight of 10.0±0.3 kg were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 2 piglets per replicate in a 21-d trial.The dietary treatments included a corn-soybean meal diet(0%SBP supplementation;CON),and diets supplemented with 2%,4%,6%,and 8%SBP,representing different SDF:IDF ratios at 10.16%,13.53%,16.79%,19.86%,and 24.81%,respectively.The results indicated that the 8%SBP treatment had a negative effect on feed-to-gain ratio(linear,P=0.009)compared with the CON treatment(P=0.021).The apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of crude protein was lower in treatments supplemented with SBP(P=0.002)and showed a linear decrease(P=0.001),while the ATTD of IDF showed a linear increase(P=0.037)in four SBP treatments compared to the CON treatment.The 4%SBP treatment increased serum concentrations of triglyceride(quadratic,P=0.019)and K(linear,P<0.0037),and decreased alanine transaminase concentration(quadratic,P=0.015)compared with the CON treatment.The concentrations of Cit,Cys,Ile,Leu,Orn,Arg,taurine,urea,1-methylhistidine,α-aminoadipic acid,α-aminobutyric acid and cystathionine in the 4%SBP treatment were highest among all treatments(P<0.05).The serum concentrations of interleukin-6,interleukin-8,interleukin-10,transforming growth factor-β,and tumor necrosis factor-αin the 6%SBP treatment were higher than those in the CON treatment(P<0.05),which also increased mucin-2 and G protein-coupled receptor 41 mRNA expression(P<0.05)in colonic mucosa compared with the CON treatment and improved the intestinal barrier function.Diets containing more than 19.86%SDF:IDF could impair the intestinal health in piglets when SBP was used as the SDF source.Supplementing nursery piglet diets with 16.79%to 19.86%SDF:IDF is recommended for improving intestinal barrier function,increasing short-chain fatty acids concentrations,and improving intestinal microbiota composition.展开更多
Angiogenesis is an essential process in tumor growth,invasion and metastasis.VEGF receptor 2(VEGFR2)inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenic pathway have been widely used in the clinical cancer treatment.However,most of ...Angiogenesis is an essential process in tumor growth,invasion and metastasis.VEGF receptor 2(VEGFR2)inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenic pathway have been widely used in the clinical cancer treatment.However,most of currently used VEGFR2 kinase inhibitors are multi-target inhibitors which might result in target-associated side effects and therefore limited clinical toleration.Highly selective VEGFR inhibitors are still highly demanded from both basic research and clinical application point of view.Here we report the discovery and characterization of a novel VEGFR2 inhibitor(CHMFLVEGFR2-002),which exhibited high selectivity among structurally closed kinases including PDGFRs,FGFRs,CSF1 R,etc.CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 displayed potent inhibitory activity against VEGFR2 kinase in the biochemical assay(IC50=66 nmol/L)and VEGFR2 autophosphorylation in cells(EC50s^100 nmol/L)as well as potent anti-proliferation effect against VEGFR2 transformed BaF3 cells(GI50=150 nmol/L).In addition,CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 also displayed good anti-angiogenesis efficacy in vitro and exhibited good in vivo PK(pharmacokinetics)profile with bioavailability over 49%and antiangiogenesis efficacy in both zebrafish and mouse models without apparent toxicity.These results suggest that CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 might be a useful research tool for dissecting new functions of VEGFR2 kinase as well as a potential anti-angiogenetic agent for the cancer therapy.展开更多
Background:Highly emetogenic chemotherapy induces emesis in cancer patients without prophylaxis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fosaprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimen for ...Background:Highly emetogenic chemotherapy induces emesis in cancer patients without prophylaxis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fosaprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimen for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)in patients with solid malignant tumors,determine risk factors and externally validate different personalized risk models for CINV.Methods:This phase III trial was designed to test the non-inferiority of fosaprepitant toward aprepitant in cancer patients who were to receive the first cycle of single-day cisplatin chemotherapy.The primary endpoint was complete response(CR)during the overall phase(OP)with a non-inferiority margin of 10.0%.Logistic regression modelswere used to assess the risk factors ofCRand no nausea.To validate the personalized risk models,the accuracy of the risk scoring systems was determined by measuring the specificity,sensitivity and area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC),while the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was measured using concordance index(C-index).Results:A total of 720 patients were randomly assigned.CR during the OP in the fosaprepitant group was not inferior to that in the aprepitant group(78.1%vs.77.7%,P=0.765)with a between-group difference of 0.4%(95%CI,-5.7%to 6.6%).Female sex,higher cisplatin dose(≥70 mg/m2),no history of drinking and larger body surface area(BSA)were significantly associated with nausea.The AUC for the acute and delayed CINV risk indexes was 0.68(95%CI:0.66-0.71)and 0.66(95%CI:0.61-0.70),respectively,and the C-index for nomogram CINV prediction was 0.59(95%CI,0.54-0.64).Using appropriate cutoff points,the three models could stratify patients with high-or low-risk CINV.No nausea and CR rate were significantly higher in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group(P<0.001).Conclusions:Fosaprepitant-based triple prophylaxis demonstrated non-inferior control for preventing CINV in patients treated with cisplatin-base chemotherapy.Female cancer patients without a history of alcohol consumption,with larger BSA and received high-dose cisplatin might be more vulnerable to CINV.Three personalized prediction models were well-validated and could be used to optimize antiemetic therapy for individual patients.展开更多
Tryptophan(Trp)is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by animals.It has been characterized into two different isomers,levorotation-Trp(L-Trp)and dextrorotation-Trp(D-Trp),based on their distinct molecul...Tryptophan(Trp)is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by animals.It has been characterized into two different isomers,levorotation-Trp(L-Trp)and dextrorotation-Trp(D-Trp),based on their distinct molecule orientation.Intestinal epithelial cells and gut microbiota are involved in metabolizing L-Trp in the gut via the activation of the kynurenine,serotonin,and indole pathways.However,knowledge regarding D-Trp metabolism in the gut remains unclear.In this review,we briefly update the current understanding of intestinal L/D-Trp metabolism and the function of their metabolites in modulating the gut physiology and diseases.Finally,we summarize the effects of Trp nutrition on swine production at different stages,including growth performance in weaned piglets and growing pigs,as well as the reproduction performance in sows.展开更多
Glycine(Gly) is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and plays a vital role in new particle formation(NPF).However,the potential mechanism of its on sulfuric acid(SA)-ammonia(A)clusters formation under various atmospheric con...Glycine(Gly) is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and plays a vital role in new particle formation(NPF).However,the potential mechanism of its on sulfuric acid(SA)-ammonia(A)clusters formation under various atmospheric conditions is still ambiguous.Herein,a(Gly)x·(SA)y·(A)z(z≤x+y≤3) multicomponent system was investigated by using density functional theory(DFT) combined with Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code(ACDC) at different temperatures and precursor concentrations.The results show that Gly,with one carboxyl(-COOH) and one amine(-NH2) group,can interact strongly with SA and A in two directions through hydrogen bonds or proton transfer.Within the relevant range of atmospheric concentrations,Gly can enhance the formation rate of SA-A-based clusters,especially at low temperature,low [SA],and median [A].The enhancement(R) of Gly on NPF can be up to 340 at T=218.15 K,[SA]=10^4,[A]=10^9,and [Gly]=107 molecules/cm^3.In addition,the main growth paths of clusters show that Gly molecules participate into cluster formation in the initial stage and eventually leave the cluster by evaporation in subsequent cluster growth at low [Gly],it acts as an important "transporter" to connect the smaller and larger cluster.With the increase of [Gly],it acts as a "participator" directly participating in NPF.展开更多
Dispersed TiO2 hollow spheres were successfully prepared which was obtained via Ostwald ripening under solvothermal conditions without any templates or surfactants. Then, the AgI/TiO2 was synthesized by the deposition...Dispersed TiO2 hollow spheres were successfully prepared which was obtained via Ostwald ripening under solvothermal conditions without any templates or surfactants. Then, the AgI/TiO2 was synthesized by the deposition-precipitation process. Finally, Ag/AgI/TiO2 was obtained by a photocatalytic reduction way. Their characteristics were analyzed by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, N2 adsorption-desorption measurements and UV-vis absorption spectra. To demonstrate the potential applications of such composites, their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) was studied by microcalorimetry for the first time, and their photocatalytic performance for degradation of different organic dyes under simulated UV and visible light was discussed. The results indicated that Ag/AgI/TiO2 hollow spheres revealed elevated antibacterial and photocatalytic activity because of their unique morphology, hollow structure and high surface area. The mechanism of the excellent antibacterial and photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgI/TiO2 hollow spheres are discussed which are attributed to the synergetic effect of Ag, AgI and TiO2. It suggested that the new Ag/AgI/TiO2 photocatalyst has broad application prospects in solar cell, sensor, antibacterial, catalysis and nanotechnology.展开更多
The characteristic flavor of the enzymatic hydrolysate of Lentinus edodes,which was involved in the Maillard reaction by xylose,fructose,glucose,sucrose,mannose,maltose,vitamin C(VC)and L-arabinose,was determined and ...The characteristic flavor of the enzymatic hydrolysate of Lentinus edodes,which was involved in the Maillard reaction by xylose,fructose,glucose,sucrose,mannose,maltose,vitamin C(VC)and L-arabinose,was determined and analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(GC-IMS).The characteristic flavor fingerprints of Maillard reaction products(MRPs)of L.edodes enzymatic hydrolysate were constructed.The differences in the characteristic flavors of Maillard reaction with different reducing sugars and VC were compared.The main characteristic flavor,characteristic peak,characteristic marker substance and content were determined,a principal component analysis(PCA)of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)was carried out.The results showed that there were 42 kinds of monomers and some dimers of volatile compounds in the samples including 17 aldehydes,5 alcohols,7 ketones,2 esters,2 acids,7 other compounds and 2 ethers.The volatile VOCs of the sample with added sucrose,VC and L-arabinose were significantly higher than those of the enzymatic hydrolysate of L.edodes.After the Maillard reaction,the flavor of the hydrolysate was significantly improved,and the main components changed significantly.展开更多
Designing and synthesizing high-performable electron donor materials are very important for fabricating organic solar cell devices with high power conversion efficiency （PCE）. In this work, quantum chemical and mole...Designing and synthesizing high-performable electron donor materials are very important for fabricating organic solar cell devices with high power conversion efficiency （PCE）. In this work, quantum chemical and molecular dynamics calculations coupled with the Marcus-Hush charge transfer model were used to investigate the photovoltaic properties of 4Cl-BPPQ/PC61BM. Results reveal that 4Cl-BPPQ/PCrlBM system theoretically possesses a large open-circuit voltage （1.29 V）, high fill factor （0.90）, and over 9% PCE. Moreover, calculations also reveal that the 4Cl-BPPQ/PC61BM system has a middle-sized exciton binding energy （0.492 eV）, but relatively small charge-dissociation and charge-recombination reorganization energies （0.345 eV and 0.355 eV）. Based on the 4CI-BPPQ/PC61BM complex, the charge-dissociation rate constant, kdis, is estimated to be as large as 6.575× 10^12 s^-1, while the charge-recombination one, krec, is very small （〈 1.0 s^-1） under the same condition due to the very small driving force （AGree=-1.900 eV）. In addition, by means of an amorphous cell containing one hundred 4C1-BPPQ molecules, the hole carrier mobility of 4CI-BPPQ solid is estimated as high as 3.191 × 10^-3 cm^2·V^-1·s^-1. In brief, our calculation shows that 4Cl-BPPQ/PC61BM system is a very promising organic solar cell system, and is worth of making further device research by experiments.展开更多
The isomerization of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 in the absence and presence of water has been investigated at the G3XMP2//B3LYP/6-311 ＋ G（2df, p） level. The naked isomerization, the reaction without water, gives...The isomerization of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 in the absence and presence of water has been investigated at the G3XMP2//B3LYP/6-311 ＋ G（2df, p） level. The naked isomerization, the reaction without water, gives the high barrier height （21.56 kcal.mol^-1）. Three models are constructed to describe the water influence on the isomerization, that is, water molecules are the catalyst and the microsolvation, and water molecules act as the catalyst and microsolvation simultaneously. Our results show that the isomerization barrier heights of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 are reduced by 12.32, 11.04, and 7.80 kcal.mol^-1, respectively, when one, two, and three water molecules are performed as catalyst, in contrast to the naked isomerization. Moreover, the rate constants of the isomerization are calculated using the transition state theory with the Wigner tunneling correction over the temperature range of 240-425 K. We find that the rate constant of a single water molecule as the catalyst is 1.58 times larger than the naked isomerization at 325 K, whereas it is slower by 6 orders of magnitude when water molecule serves as the microsolvation at 325 K, compared to naked reaction. So the water-catalyzed isomerization of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 is predicted to be the key role in lowering the activation energy. The isomerization involving water molecules acting as mierosolvation is unfavorable under atmospheric conditions.展开更多
Wood packaging waste with a high recycling value is one of the main components of packaging waste.However,most research has been focused on natural wood,and less is known about the recycling of wood-based panel waste ...Wood packaging waste with a high recycling value is one of the main components of packaging waste.However,most research has been focused on natural wood,and less is known about the recycling of wood-based panel waste commonly used in packaging.This paper examined the pyrolysis of common urea-formaldehyde(UF)resin particleboard,including the decomposition characteristics of its nitrogen-containing adhesives,the product types,and how they are generated.The samples and pyrolysis products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the UF resin was the main contributor to the release of ammonia(NH3)and hydrogen cyanide(HCN).At low temperatures,more NH3 was released than the HCN,and at high temperatures,the reverse was true.A high heating rate promoted the release of the NH_(3) and HCN.The UF resin and wood in the particleboard interacted and caused the release of the NH3 and HCN.These results provide a reference for further study of the thermochemical regeneration of wood-based packaging waste.展开更多
2017 International Conference on Forest&Paper New Technology and Research(2017 ICFP)was held on September 11-12,2017,in in Xi’an of China.This conference attracted about 150 attendees from 6 countries,14 universi...2017 International Conference on Forest&Paper New Technology and Research(2017 ICFP)was held on September 11-12,2017,in in Xi’an of China.This conference attracted about 150 attendees from 6 countries,14 universities,and about 30 pulp/paper-related companies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3604500,No.2022YFB3604501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52172141)the Technology Development Project of Shanxi-Zheda Institude of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(No.2022SX-TD017).
文摘van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures constructed by lowdimensional(0D,1D,and 2D)materials are emerging as one of the most appealing systems in next-generation flexible photodetection.Currently,hand-stacked vdW-type photodetectors are not compatible with large-areaarray fabrication and show unimpressive performance in self-powered mode.Herein,vertical 1D GaN nanorods arrays(NRAs)/2D MoS_(2)/PEDOT:PSS in wafer scale have been proposed for self-powered flexible photodetectors arrays firstly.The as-integrated device without external bias under weak UV illumination exhibits a competitive responsivity of 1.47 A W^(−1)and a high detectivity of 1.2×10^(11)Jones,as well as a fast response speed of 54/71μs,thanks to the strong light absorption of GaN NRAs and the efficient photogenerated carrier separation in type-II heterojunction.Notably,the strain-tunable photodetection performances of device have been demonstrated.Impressively,the device at−0.78%strain and zero bias reveals a significantly enhanced photoresponse with a responsivity of 2.47 A W^(−1),a detectivity of 2.6×10^(11)Jones,and response times of 40/45μs,which are superior to the state-of-the-art self-powered flexible photodetectors.This work presents a valuable avenue to prepare tunable vdWs heterostructures for self-powered flexible photodetection,which performs well in flexible sensors.
文摘Although the traditional Fenton reaction is considered an effective strategy for solving problems caused by environmental pollution,construction of an efficient photocatalytic system by coordinating the Fenton reaction is challenging.In this study,2D/2D step-schemeα-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6(FO/BWO)heterostructure photo-Fenton catalysts were successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,TEM,XPS,UV-vis DRS,PL,I-t,EIS,and BET analyses.Under visible light irradiation,FO/BWO exhibited remarkably high and stable photo-Fenton catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl blue(MB)at low concentrations of H2O2.It was noted that FO/BWO(0.5)displayed a significantly enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic activity,which was 11.06 and 3.29 times those of FO nanosheets and BWO nanosheets,respectively.The notably improved photo-Fenton catalytic activity of FO/BWO was mainly due to the combination of H2O2 and FO under light illumination and the presence of the 2D/2D S-scheme heterostructure,with the large contact surface,abundant active sites,and efficient separation rate of photogenerated carriers playing contributory roles.Additionally,a possible catalytic mechanism for the FO/BWO composite was preliminarily proposed via active species trapping experiments.In summary,this study provided new insights into the synthesis of an effectively heterogeneous 2D/2D S-scheme photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.
基金This work was supported by the Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education of China(No.KF201917)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800497).
文摘Lignin is considered an ideal natural material for the production of sustainable monophenols.In this study,a microwave-assisted depolymerization(MAD)strategy was developed.The introduction of solvent vapors in the dynamic vapor flow reaction system was performed to enhance the lignin conversion efficiency.The results showed that no liquid products were generated from the MAD of lignin without solvent vapors.With the introduction of solvents(CH_(3)OH,HCHO,HCOOH,and CH_(2)Cl_(2)),liquid products appeared(especially with CH_(2)Cl_(2),which had the highest yield of 41.9 wt%).Results from gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of liquid products showed that seven kinds of compounds,including guaiacols,phenols,syringols,methoxyphenyls,heterocycles,esters,and aromatics were identified.CH_(2)Cl_(2) can significantly enhance the production of monophenols(guaiacols,phenols,and syringols).The introduction of these solvent vapors can also facilitate the generation of porous char with high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface areas.Some carbon nanospheres deposited on the surface of the char were obtained with the assistance of CH_(2)Cl_(2).This study provides a facile method for the utilization of lignin in the field of bio-based fine chemicals.
基金This work was supported by the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education of China(No.KF201917)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800497).
文摘Kraft lignin has the potential to replace traditional fossil resources for the preparation of high-value chemicals because it is rich in aromatic rings and active functional groups.An effective method for the pyrolysis of kraft lignin into chemicals/fuels is microwave-assisted depolymerization.A simulation model is urgently needed to illustrate the coupling effect and mechanism of lignin conversion during the depolymerization process.In this study,COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate the microwave-assisted depolymerization process.The results showed that microwave power had a significant effect on the electric field and temperature distribution in the microwave cavity,while the reaction time had little effect on the electric field.The effect of the nitrogen flow rate on the electric field and temperature was negligible.The intensity of the electric field,heating rate of lignin,and final temperature of lignin depolymerization increased with increasing microwave power.
文摘The randomized phase 3 CHART trial(NCT03520478)revealed that rezvilutamide(REZ)plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)in high-volume,metastatic,hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC)significantly enhanced radiographic progression-free and overall survival than bicalutamide(BIC)-ADT.Accordingly,we examined patient-reported outcomes(PROs)results,which were exploratory endpoints in the CHART trial.The patients were randomly allocated to receive REZ-ADT or BIC-ADT in a 1:1 ratio.The PROs were evaluated with the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form(BPI-SF)and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate(FACT-P)questionnaires.Both study groups displayed comparable baseline pain scores and functional status.Patients administered REZ-ADT had an extended time to progression of worst pain intensity in comparison to those treated with BIC-ADT(25th percentile,9.2[95%CI 7.4-16.6]vs.6.4 months[95%CI 5.5-8.3];HR 0.75[95%CI 0.57-0.97];p=0.026).Similarly,patients received REZ-ADT exhibited a delayed time to progression of pain interference in comparison to those receiving BIC-ADT(25th percentile,20.2[95%CI 12.9-31.3]vs.10.2 months[95%CI 7.4-11.1];HR 0.70[95%CI 0.52-0.93];p=0.015).Additionally,the REZ-ADT group demonstrated a prolonged delay in the deterioration of the total score on the FACT-P questionnaire(25th percentile,12.8[95%CI 7.4-20.3]vs.6.0 months[95%CI 4.6-9.2];HR 0.66[95%CI 0.50-0.86];p=0.002),as well as most of the FACT-P subscale scores,in comparison to the BIC-ADT group.In conclusion,REZ-ADT is superior to BIC-ADT regarding the pain alleviation and enhancement of functional scales for high-volume mHSPC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A2054)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2024JJ1004)the Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province (202202AE090032).
文摘This study investigated the impact of different ratios of soluble to insoluble dietary fiber(SDF:IDF)formulations by sugar beet pulp(SBP)supplementation on piglet growth performance,nutrient digestibility,immune function,intestinal morphology,intestinal microbiota and intestinal health.A total of 60 crossbred piglets(Duroc×[Landrace×Yorkshire])at 40 d old with body weight of 10.0±0.3 kg were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 2 piglets per replicate in a 21-d trial.The dietary treatments included a corn-soybean meal diet(0%SBP supplementation;CON),and diets supplemented with 2%,4%,6%,and 8%SBP,representing different SDF:IDF ratios at 10.16%,13.53%,16.79%,19.86%,and 24.81%,respectively.The results indicated that the 8%SBP treatment had a negative effect on feed-to-gain ratio(linear,P=0.009)compared with the CON treatment(P=0.021).The apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of crude protein was lower in treatments supplemented with SBP(P=0.002)and showed a linear decrease(P=0.001),while the ATTD of IDF showed a linear increase(P=0.037)in four SBP treatments compared to the CON treatment.The 4%SBP treatment increased serum concentrations of triglyceride(quadratic,P=0.019)and K(linear,P<0.0037),and decreased alanine transaminase concentration(quadratic,P=0.015)compared with the CON treatment.The concentrations of Cit,Cys,Ile,Leu,Orn,Arg,taurine,urea,1-methylhistidine,α-aminoadipic acid,α-aminobutyric acid and cystathionine in the 4%SBP treatment were highest among all treatments(P<0.05).The serum concentrations of interleukin-6,interleukin-8,interleukin-10,transforming growth factor-β,and tumor necrosis factor-αin the 6%SBP treatment were higher than those in the CON treatment(P<0.05),which also increased mucin-2 and G protein-coupled receptor 41 mRNA expression(P<0.05)in colonic mucosa compared with the CON treatment and improved the intestinal barrier function.Diets containing more than 19.86%SDF:IDF could impair the intestinal health in piglets when SBP was used as the SDF source.Supplementing nursery piglet diets with 16.79%to 19.86%SDF:IDF is recommended for improving intestinal barrier function,increasing short-chain fatty acids concentrations,and improving intestinal microbiota composition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81773777,81673469,81603123,81803366)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2018T110634,2018M630720)+2 种基金the Anhui Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018B279)the CASHIPS Director’s Fund(Grant No.BJPY2019A03)the Key Program of 13th five-year plan,CASHIPS(Grant No.KP-2017-26).
文摘Angiogenesis is an essential process in tumor growth,invasion and metastasis.VEGF receptor 2(VEGFR2)inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenic pathway have been widely used in the clinical cancer treatment.However,most of currently used VEGFR2 kinase inhibitors are multi-target inhibitors which might result in target-associated side effects and therefore limited clinical toleration.Highly selective VEGFR inhibitors are still highly demanded from both basic research and clinical application point of view.Here we report the discovery and characterization of a novel VEGFR2 inhibitor(CHMFLVEGFR2-002),which exhibited high selectivity among structurally closed kinases including PDGFRs,FGFRs,CSF1 R,etc.CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 displayed potent inhibitory activity against VEGFR2 kinase in the biochemical assay(IC50=66 nmol/L)and VEGFR2 autophosphorylation in cells(EC50s^100 nmol/L)as well as potent anti-proliferation effect against VEGFR2 transformed BaF3 cells(GI50=150 nmol/L).In addition,CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 also displayed good anti-angiogenesis efficacy in vitro and exhibited good in vivo PK(pharmacokinetics)profile with bioavailability over 49%and antiangiogenesis efficacy in both zebrafish and mouse models without apparent toxicity.These results suggest that CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 might be a useful research tool for dissecting new functions of VEGFR2 kinase as well as a potential anti-angiogenetic agent for the cancer therapy.
文摘Background:Highly emetogenic chemotherapy induces emesis in cancer patients without prophylaxis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fosaprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimen for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)in patients with solid malignant tumors,determine risk factors and externally validate different personalized risk models for CINV.Methods:This phase III trial was designed to test the non-inferiority of fosaprepitant toward aprepitant in cancer patients who were to receive the first cycle of single-day cisplatin chemotherapy.The primary endpoint was complete response(CR)during the overall phase(OP)with a non-inferiority margin of 10.0%.Logistic regression modelswere used to assess the risk factors ofCRand no nausea.To validate the personalized risk models,the accuracy of the risk scoring systems was determined by measuring the specificity,sensitivity and area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC),while the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was measured using concordance index(C-index).Results:A total of 720 patients were randomly assigned.CR during the OP in the fosaprepitant group was not inferior to that in the aprepitant group(78.1%vs.77.7%,P=0.765)with a between-group difference of 0.4%(95%CI,-5.7%to 6.6%).Female sex,higher cisplatin dose(≥70 mg/m2),no history of drinking and larger body surface area(BSA)were significantly associated with nausea.The AUC for the acute and delayed CINV risk indexes was 0.68(95%CI:0.66-0.71)and 0.66(95%CI:0.61-0.70),respectively,and the C-index for nomogram CINV prediction was 0.59(95%CI,0.54-0.64).Using appropriate cutoff points,the three models could stratify patients with high-or low-risk CINV.No nausea and CR rate were significantly higher in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group(P<0.001).Conclusions:Fosaprepitant-based triple prophylaxis demonstrated non-inferior control for preventing CINV in patients treated with cisplatin-base chemotherapy.Female cancer patients without a history of alcohol consumption,with larger BSA and received high-dose cisplatin might be more vulnerable to CINV.Three personalized prediction models were well-validated and could be used to optimize antiemetic therapy for individual patients.
基金supported by the Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(TSBICIP-CXRC-038)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A2054)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35).
文摘Tryptophan(Trp)is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by animals.It has been characterized into two different isomers,levorotation-Trp(L-Trp)and dextrorotation-Trp(D-Trp),based on their distinct molecule orientation.Intestinal epithelial cells and gut microbiota are involved in metabolizing L-Trp in the gut via the activation of the kynurenine,serotonin,and indole pathways.However,knowledge regarding D-Trp metabolism in the gut remains unclear.In this review,we briefly update the current understanding of intestinal L/D-Trp metabolism and the function of their metabolites in modulating the gut physiology and diseases.Finally,we summarize the effects of Trp nutrition on swine production at different stages,including growth performance in weaned piglets and growing pigs,as well as the reproduction performance in sows.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos:21473108,21873060,21636006)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.GK201901007).
文摘Glycine(Gly) is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and plays a vital role in new particle formation(NPF).However,the potential mechanism of its on sulfuric acid(SA)-ammonia(A)clusters formation under various atmospheric conditions is still ambiguous.Herein,a(Gly)x·(SA)y·(A)z(z≤x+y≤3) multicomponent system was investigated by using density functional theory(DFT) combined with Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code(ACDC) at different temperatures and precursor concentrations.The results show that Gly,with one carboxyl(-COOH) and one amine(-NH2) group,can interact strongly with SA and A in two directions through hydrogen bonds or proton transfer.Within the relevant range of atmospheric concentrations,Gly can enhance the formation rate of SA-A-based clusters,especially at low temperature,low [SA],and median [A].The enhancement(R) of Gly on NPF can be up to 340 at T=218.15 K,[SA]=10^4,[A]=10^9,and [Gly]=107 molecules/cm^3.In addition,the main growth paths of clusters show that Gly molecules participate into cluster formation in the initial stage and eventually leave the cluster by evaporation in subsequent cluster growth at low [Gly],it acts as an important "transporter" to connect the smaller and larger cluster.With the increase of [Gly],it acts as a "participator" directly participating in NPF.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21601104,21872081 and 21805163)the Laboratory Open Foundation of Qufu Normal University(sk201722).
文摘Dispersed TiO2 hollow spheres were successfully prepared which was obtained via Ostwald ripening under solvothermal conditions without any templates or surfactants. Then, the AgI/TiO2 was synthesized by the deposition-precipitation process. Finally, Ag/AgI/TiO2 was obtained by a photocatalytic reduction way. Their characteristics were analyzed by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, N2 adsorption-desorption measurements and UV-vis absorption spectra. To demonstrate the potential applications of such composites, their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) was studied by microcalorimetry for the first time, and their photocatalytic performance for degradation of different organic dyes under simulated UV and visible light was discussed. The results indicated that Ag/AgI/TiO2 hollow spheres revealed elevated antibacterial and photocatalytic activity because of their unique morphology, hollow structure and high surface area. The mechanism of the excellent antibacterial and photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgI/TiO2 hollow spheres are discussed which are attributed to the synergetic effect of Ag, AgI and TiO2. It suggested that the new Ag/AgI/TiO2 photocatalyst has broad application prospects in solar cell, sensor, antibacterial, catalysis and nanotechnology.
基金This work was supported by the Innovative Engineering project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2022A36)Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-07-09).
文摘The characteristic flavor of the enzymatic hydrolysate of Lentinus edodes,which was involved in the Maillard reaction by xylose,fructose,glucose,sucrose,mannose,maltose,vitamin C(VC)and L-arabinose,was determined and analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(GC-IMS).The characteristic flavor fingerprints of Maillard reaction products(MRPs)of L.edodes enzymatic hydrolysate were constructed.The differences in the characteristic flavors of Maillard reaction with different reducing sugars and VC were compared.The main characteristic flavor,characteristic peak,characteristic marker substance and content were determined,a principal component analysis(PCA)of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)was carried out.The results showed that there were 42 kinds of monomers and some dimers of volatile compounds in the samples including 17 aldehydes,5 alcohols,7 ketones,2 esters,2 acids,7 other compounds and 2 ethers.The volatile VOCs of the sample with added sucrose,VC and L-arabinose were significantly higher than those of the enzymatic hydrolysate of L.edodes.After the Maillard reaction,the flavor of the hydrolysate was significantly improved,and the main components changed significantly.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 21373132, 21502109）, and the Doctor Research Start Foundation of Shaanxi University of Technology （Nos. SLGKYQD2-13, SLGKYQD2-10, SLGQD14-10）, and the Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial Gov- ernment Research Projects （No. 16JK1142）.
文摘Designing and synthesizing high-performable electron donor materials are very important for fabricating organic solar cell devices with high power conversion efficiency （PCE）. In this work, quantum chemical and molecular dynamics calculations coupled with the Marcus-Hush charge transfer model were used to investigate the photovoltaic properties of 4Cl-BPPQ/PC61BM. Results reveal that 4Cl-BPPQ/PCrlBM system theoretically possesses a large open-circuit voltage （1.29 V）, high fill factor （0.90）, and over 9% PCE. Moreover, calculations also reveal that the 4Cl-BPPQ/PC61BM system has a middle-sized exciton binding energy （0.492 eV）, but relatively small charge-dissociation and charge-recombination reorganization energies （0.345 eV and 0.355 eV）. Based on the 4CI-BPPQ/PC61BM complex, the charge-dissociation rate constant, kdis, is estimated to be as large as 6.575× 10^12 s^-1, while the charge-recombination one, krec, is very small （〈 1.0 s^-1） under the same condition due to the very small driving force （AGree=-1.900 eV）. In addition, by means of an amorphous cell containing one hundred 4C1-BPPQ molecules, the hole carrier mobility of 4CI-BPPQ solid is estimated as high as 3.191 × 10^-3 cm^2·V^-1·s^-1. In brief, our calculation shows that 4Cl-BPPQ/PC61BM system is a very promising organic solar cell system, and is worth of making further device research by experiments.
基金Acknowledgement This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21173139）, the foundation of Shannxi Education Department （No. 2013JK0667）, and the foundation of Yanan University （No. YDQ2013-16）.
文摘The isomerization of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 in the absence and presence of water has been investigated at the G3XMP2//B3LYP/6-311 ＋ G（2df, p） level. The naked isomerization, the reaction without water, gives the high barrier height （21.56 kcal.mol^-1）. Three models are constructed to describe the water influence on the isomerization, that is, water molecules are the catalyst and the microsolvation, and water molecules act as the catalyst and microsolvation simultaneously. Our results show that the isomerization barrier heights of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 are reduced by 12.32, 11.04, and 7.80 kcal.mol^-1, respectively, when one, two, and three water molecules are performed as catalyst, in contrast to the naked isomerization. Moreover, the rate constants of the isomerization are calculated using the transition state theory with the Wigner tunneling correction over the temperature range of 240-425 K. We find that the rate constant of a single water molecule as the catalyst is 1.58 times larger than the naked isomerization at 325 K, whereas it is slower by 6 orders of magnitude when water molecule serves as the microsolvation at 325 K, compared to naked reaction. So the water-catalyzed isomerization of CH3S（OH）CH2 to CH3S（O）CH3 is predicted to be the key role in lowering the activation energy. The isomerization involving water molecules acting as mierosolvation is unfavorable under atmospheric conditions.
文摘Wood packaging waste with a high recycling value is one of the main components of packaging waste.However,most research has been focused on natural wood,and less is known about the recycling of wood-based panel waste commonly used in packaging.This paper examined the pyrolysis of common urea-formaldehyde(UF)resin particleboard,including the decomposition characteristics of its nitrogen-containing adhesives,the product types,and how they are generated.The samples and pyrolysis products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the UF resin was the main contributor to the release of ammonia(NH3)and hydrogen cyanide(HCN).At low temperatures,more NH3 was released than the HCN,and at high temperatures,the reverse was true.A high heating rate promoted the release of the NH_(3) and HCN.The UF resin and wood in the particleboard interacted and caused the release of the NH3 and HCN.These results provide a reference for further study of the thermochemical regeneration of wood-based packaging waste.
文摘2017 International Conference on Forest&Paper New Technology and Research(2017 ICFP)was held on September 11-12,2017,in in Xi’an of China.This conference attracted about 150 attendees from 6 countries,14 universities,and about 30 pulp/paper-related companies.
