Because of their high safety, low cost, and high volumetric specific capacity, zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are considered promising next-generation energy storage devices, especially given their high potential for large-...Because of their high safety, low cost, and high volumetric specific capacity, zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are considered promising next-generation energy storage devices, especially given their high potential for large-scale energy storage. Despite these advantages, many problems remain for ZIBs—such as Zn dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and Zn anode corrosion—which significantly reduce the coulomb efficiency and reversibility of the battery and limit its cycle lifespan, resulting in much uncertainty in terms of its practical applications. Numerous electrolyte additives have been proposed in recent years to solve the aforementioned problems.This review focuses on electrolyte additives and discusses the different substances employed as additives to overcome the problems by altering the Zn~(2+)solvation structure, creating a protective layer at the anode–electrolyte interface, and modulating the Zn~(2+)distribution to be even and Zn deposition to be uniform. On the basis of the review, the possible research strategies, future directions of electrolyte additive development, and the existing problems to be solved are also described.展开更多
Functional lipids,primarily derived through the modification of natural lipids by various processes,are widely acknowledged for their potential to impart health benefits.In contrast to chemical methods for lipid modif...Functional lipids,primarily derived through the modification of natural lipids by various processes,are widely acknowledged for their potential to impart health benefits.In contrast to chemical methods for lipid modification,enzymatic catalysis offers distinct advantages,including high selectivity,mild operating conditions,and reduced byproduct formation.Nevertheless,enzymes face challenges in industrial applications,such as low activity,stability,and undesired selectivity.To address these challenges,protein engineering techniques have been implemented to enhance enzyme performance in functional lipid synthesis.This article aims to review recent advances in protein engineering,encompassing approaches from directed evolution to rational design,with the goal of improving the properties of lipid-modifying enzymes.Furthermore,the article explores the future prospects and challenges associated with enzyme-catalyzed functional lipid synthesis.展开更多
Objective:Camellia nitidissima Chi,a Chinese medicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Guangxi,China,is beneficial for clearing heat,detoxifying,inducing diuresis,and suppressing swelling.It has various pharmacol...Objective:Camellia nitidissima Chi,a Chinese medicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Guangxi,China,is beneficial for clearing heat,detoxifying,inducing diuresis,and suppressing swelling.It has various pharmacological properties,including antitumor,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant.However,its potential application in radioprotection remains unclear.In this study,we aimed to determine whether Camellia nitidissima Chi has radioprotective effects against radiation-induced gastrointestinal and hematopoietic damage.Methods:The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)techniques were used to assess the ability of Camellia nitidissima Chi to scavenge free radicals.We conducted a 30-day survival rate experiment to evaluate the radioprotective capabilities of Camellia nitidissima Chi.Additionally,we developed models of radiation-induced intestinal and hematopoietic damage.Alterations in the white blood cell(WBC)count,total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione(GSH),and protein expression linked to apoptosis were observed.Results:Camellia nitidissima Chi scavenged 84.72%and 93.47%of DPPH and ABTS,had a certain radiation protection potential,and increased the survival rate of mice to over 90%.Moreover,following exposure,Camellia nitidissima Chi enhanced WBC,T-SOD,and GSH levels.Camellia nitidissima Chi increased B-cell lymphoma-extra large(BCL-XL)expression and suppressed Bcl-2 associated X protein(BAX)expression,providing radioprotection to cells.Conclusions:Camellia nitidissima Chi has a strong antioxidant ability;it can improve the survival rate of mice after lethal dose irradiation and protect against radiation-induced hematopoietic and gastrointestinal damage.These findings can serve as a guide for using Chinese medicines for radioprotection.展开更多
Welded Turnout on Large-span Bridge(WTLB)is a complex multi-layer heterogeneous system and can significantly influence the service performance of High-Speed Railway(HSR).Understanding the coupling dynamic response of ...Welded Turnout on Large-span Bridge(WTLB)is a complex multi-layer heterogeneous system and can significantly influence the service performance of High-Speed Railway(HSR).Understanding the coupling dynamic response of the vehicle and WTLB is essential.Previous research did not consider the dynamic behavior of foundations,leading to an underestimation of the vehicle-turnout-foundation coupling dynamic response,particularly when turnouts were laid on large-span bridges.This study proposes a novel modeling method that includes the foundations,to overcome the previous shortcomings by applying a rigid-flexible coupling system.In this approach,the vehicle was modeled as a rigid body sub-model in a Multi-Body Software(MBS),while WTLB was modeled as a flexible bodies sub-model using Finite Element(FE)software.The modal information from the FE model was imported into the MBS software.The two sub-models were coupled by the wheel-rail contact in the MBS environment and then the Vehicle-turnout-bridge Rigid-flexible Coupling Dynamic(VRCD)calculation model was established and it was discovered that the calculation results showed good agreement with the field test data.Through the VRCD model,the safety of the structure,the stability of the vehicle and the comfort of passengers were investigated,as well as several important infrastructure factors.The results demonstrate that this novel method provides accurate calculations and highlights the complex and significant interactions in the vehicle-turnout-bridge system.展开更多
In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers a...In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers as they directly affect the regular service for the users.Therefore,monitoring the health status of pavement before irreversible damage occurs is essential for timely maintenance,which in turn ensures public transportation safety.Many pavement damages can be detected and analyzed by monitoring the structure dynamic responses and evaluating road surface conditions.Advanced technologies can be employed for the collection and analysis of such data,including various intrusive sensing techniques,image processing techniques,and machine learning methods.This review summarizes the state-ofthe-art of these three technologies in pavement engineering in recent years and suggests possible developments for future pavement monitoring and analysis based on these approaches.展开更多
Sand liquefaction under static and dynamic loading can cause failure of embankments,slopes,bridges and other important infrastructure.Sand liquefaction in the seabed can also cause submarine landslides and tsunamis.Fa...Sand liquefaction under static and dynamic loading can cause failure of embankments,slopes,bridges and other important infrastructure.Sand liquefaction in the seabed can also cause submarine landslides and tsunamis.Fabric anisotropy related to the internal soil structure such as particle orientation,force network and void space is found to have profound influence on sand liquefaction.A constitutive model accounting for the effect of anisotropy on sand liquefaction is proposed.Evolution of fabric anisotropy during loading is considered according to the anisotropic critical state theory for sand.The model has been validated by extensive test results on Toyoura sand with different initial densities and stress states.The effect of sample preparation method on sand liquefaction is qualitatively analysed.The model has been used to investigate the response of a sand ground under earthquake loading.It is shown that sand with horizontal bedding plane has the highest resistance to liquefaction when the sand deposit is anisotropic,which is consistent with the centrifuge test results.The initial degree of fabric anisotropy has a more significant influence on the liquefaction resistance.Sand with more anisotropic fabric that can be caused by previous loading history or compaction methods has lower liquefaction resistance.展开更多
Traffic flow prediction is an effective strategy to assess traffic conditions and alleviate traffic congestion. Influenced by external non-stationary factors and road network structure, traffic flow sequences have mac...Traffic flow prediction is an effective strategy to assess traffic conditions and alleviate traffic congestion. Influenced by external non-stationary factors and road network structure, traffic flow sequences have macro spatiotemporal characteristics and micro chaotic characteristics. The key to improving the model prediction accuracy is to fully extract the macro and micro characteristics of traffic flow time sequences. However, traditional prediction model by only considers time features of traffic data, ignoring spatial characteristics and nonlinear characteristics of the data itself, resulting in poor model prediction performance. In view of this, this research proposes an intelligent combination prediction model taking into account the macro and micro features of chaotic traffic data. Firstly, to address the problem of time-consuming and inefficient multivariate phase space reconstruction by iterating nodes one by one, an improved multivariate phase space reconstruction method is proposed by filtering global representative nodes to effectively realize the high-dimensional mapping of chaotic traffic flow. Secondly, to address the problem that the traditional combinatorial model is difficult to adequately learn the macro and micro characteristics of chaotic traffic data, a combination of convolutional neural network(CNN) and convolutional long short-term memory(ConvLSTM) is utilized for capturing nonlinear features of traffic flow more comprehensively. Finally,to overcome the challenge that the combined model performance degrades due to subjective empirical determined network parameters, an improved lightweight particle swarm is proposed for improving prediction accuracy by optimizing model hyperparameters. In this paper, two highway datasets collected by the Caltrans Performance Measurement System(PeMS)are taken as the research objects, and the experimental results from multiple perspectives show that the comprehensive performance of the method proposed in this research is superior to those of the prevalent methods.展开更多
Objective: To observe the concentration of se-rum homocysteine in intellectuals and the re-lated influential factors. Methods: The concen-trations serum homocysteine and saliva cortisol were measured in 138 intellectu...Objective: To observe the concentration of se-rum homocysteine in intellectuals and the re-lated influential factors. Methods: The concen-trations serum homocysteine and saliva cortisol were measured in 138 intellectuals from three cities, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Chengdu in China. All the subjects had senior titles of tech-nical post, aged 40-69 years. Results: The mean value of serum homocysteine concentration in intellectuals was 20.6±0.8μmol/L, higher than the reference value. With the increase of cortisol levels the homocysteine concentrations rise (P <0.05). The mean value of homocysteine con-centration was highest in 40-49 years old group. Men had higher homocysteine level than women in this investigation. According to the mean value of homocysteine concentration among different cities, Tianjin was highest, Chengdu medium, Guangzhou lowest. Conclusion: The serum homocysteine concentration of intellec-tuals is higher than the reference value. The stress level, gender and resident cities might contribute to the differences in serum homo-cysteine concentration in Chinese intellectuals.展开更多
Hydrogels,characterised as highly hydrophilic three-dimensional polymer networks,have gained increasing attention due to their unique physicochemical properties,finding applications in various fields.Natural polymer h...Hydrogels,characterised as highly hydrophilic three-dimensional polymer networks,have gained increasing attention due to their unique physicochemical properties,finding applications in various fields.Natural polymer hydrogels exhibit higher biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels.Proteins,being the principal materials of natural polymer hydrogels,bear numerous modifiable functional groups.The resultant hydrogel possesses responsiveness,adjustable degradability,and underway as an excellent biomaterial.Seven common raw materials used to construct protein hydrogels are introduced.In terms of comparing natural polymer hydrogels with traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels,the authors conduct a detailed analysis and comparison,highlighting the advantages of natural polymer hydrogels in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability,and summarising their characteristics.The authors also address the limitations of various protein hydrogels and list existing strengthening cross-linking strategies,proposing new insights to overcome the application limits of protein hydrogels.Additionally,the applications of protein hydrogels in drug delivery,biosensing,bio-inks and tissue engineering are discussed.The authors conclude by summarising the current challenges faced by protein hydrogels and prospecting its future development.展开更多
Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental challenges.In the past 10 years,the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global so...Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental challenges.In the past 10 years,the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global social economy.New theories,new methods,new technologies and new materials related to pavement engineering are emerging.Deterioration of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics problem.Because of actual coupled behaviors of traffic and environmental conditions,predictions of pavement service life become more and more complicated and require a deep knowledge of pavement material analysis.In order to summarize the current and determine the future research of pavement engineering,Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)has launched a review paper on the topic of"New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021".Based on the joint-effort of 43 scholars from 24 well-known universities in highway engineering,this review paper systematically analyzes the research status and future development direction of 5 major fields of pavement engineering in the world.The content includes asphalt binder performance and modeling,mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials,multi-scale mechanics,green and sustainable pavement,and intelligent pavement.Overall,this review paper is able to provide references and insights for researchers and engineers in the field of pavement engineering.展开更多
Regenerating periodontal bone tissues in the aggravated inflammatory periodontal microenvironment under diabetic conditions is a great challenge.Here,a polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide(PGO)and hydroxyapatite nanop...Regenerating periodontal bone tissues in the aggravated inflammatory periodontal microenvironment under diabetic conditions is a great challenge.Here,a polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide(PGO)and hydroxyapatite nanoparticle(PHA)-incorporated conductive alginate/gelatin(AG)scaffold is developed to accelerate periodontal bone regeneration by modulating the diabetic inflammatory microenvironment.PHA confers the scaffold with osteoinductivity and PGO provides a conductive pathway for the scaffold.The conductive scaffold promotes bone regeneration by transferring endogenous electrical signals to cells and activating Ca2+channels.Moreover,the scaffold with polydopamine-mediated nanomaterials has a reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging ability and anti-inflammatory activity.It also exhibits an immunomodulatory ability that suppresses M1 macrophage polarization and activates M2 macrophages to secrete osteogenesis-related cytokines by mediating glycolytic and RhoA/ROCK pathways in macrophages.The scaffold induces excellent bone regeneration in periodontal bone defects of diabetic rats because of the synergistic effects of good conductive,ROS-scavenging,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulatory abilities.This study provides fundamental insights into the synergistical effects of conductivity,osteoinductivity,and immunomodulatory abilities on bone regeneration and offers a novel strategy to design immunomodulatory biomaterials for treatment of immune-related diseases and tissue regeneration.展开更多
Adhesive hydrogels have broad applications ranging from tissue engineering to bioelectronics;however,fabricating adhesive hydrogels with multiple functions remains a challenge.In this study,a mussel-inspired tannic ac...Adhesive hydrogels have broad applications ranging from tissue engineering to bioelectronics;however,fabricating adhesive hydrogels with multiple functions remains a challenge.In this study,a mussel-inspired tannic acid chelated-Ag(TA-Ag)nanozyme with peroxidase(POD)-like activity was designed by the in situ reduction of ultrasmall Ag nanoparticles(NPs)with TA.The ultrasmall TA-Ag nanozyme exhibited high catalytic activity to induce hydrogel self-setting without external aid.The nanozyme retained abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups and maintained the dynamic redox balance of phenol-quinone,providing the hydrogels with long-term and repeatable adhesiveness,similar to the adhesion of mussels.The phenolic hydroxyl groups also afforded uniform distribution of the nanozyme in the hydrogel network,thereby improving its mechanical properties and conductivity.Furthermore,the nanozyme endowed the hydrogel with antibacterial activity through synergistic effects of the reactive oxygen species generated via POD-like catalytic reactions and the intrinsic bactericidal activity of Ag.Owing to these advantages,the ultrasmall TA-Ag nanozyme-catalyzed hydrogel could be effectively used as an adhesive,antibacterial,and implantable bioelectrode to detect bio-signals,and as a wound dressing to accelerate tissue regeneration while preventing infection.Therefore,this study provides a promising approach for the fabrication of adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics with multiple functions via mussel-inspired nanozyme catalysis.展开更多
The interface between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate directly affects the service life of pavement because the defects and stress concentration occur more easily there. The interaction between asphalt binder and...The interface between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate directly affects the service life of pavement because the defects and stress concentration occur more easily there. The interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate is the main cause of forming the interface. This paper presents an extensive review on the test technologies and analysis methods of interfacial interaction, including molecular dynamics simulation, phase field approach, absorption tests, rheological methods and macro mechanical tests. All of the studies conducted on this topic clearly indicated that the interfacial interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate is a physical-chemical process, and can be qualitatively characterized by microscopical technique （such as SEM and AFM）, and also can be quantitatively evaluated by rheological methods and interfacial mechanical tests. Molecular dynamics simulation and phase field approach were also demonstrated to be effective methods to study the interfacial behavior and its mechanism.展开更多
The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection...The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection and monitoring,and timely maintenance are particularly important for engineers.Many engineering applications of industrial informatics approaches,like image processing technology,widely used computer-based algorithms,and advanced sensors,have been initially and gradually applied to roads.This state-of-the-art review first summarized the research on industrial applications of advanced information technologies in recent years,while analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.Especially,five topics were focused on road construction,road maintenance with decision strategy,road structure evaluation,smart sensing in the road,and cooperative vehicle infrastructure system.It is expected that advanced industrial informatics can help engineers promote the development of smart,safe,and sustainable roads.展开更多
Background： Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hyp...Background： Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hypoexcitability disorders. Tile aim of this study was to investigate whether high-fi-equency rTMS could have any beneficial effects in restless legs syndrome （RLS）. Methods： Fourteen patients with RLS were given high-frequency rTMS （15 Hz, 100% motor threshold） to tile leg representation motor cortex area of the frontal lobe for 14 sessions over 18 days. Patients were diagnosed according to the international criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group in 2003. The International RLS Rating Scale （1RLS-RS）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）, Hamilton Anxiety Scale （llAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale were used to evaluate the severity of RLS, sleep quality, anxiety and depression, respectively. The scale scores were evaluated at four-time points （baseline, end of the 14th session, and at 1- and 2-month posttreatrnent）. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare scale scores at different time points. Results： There was significant improvement in the 1RLS-RS （from 23.86 ± 5.88 to 11.21 ± 7.23, P 〈 0.05）, PSQ1 （frorn 15.00 ± 4.88 to 9.29 ± 3.91, P 〈 0.05）, and HAMA （from 17.93 ± 7.11 to 10.36 ± 7.13, P 〈 0.05） scale scores at the end of 14th session, with ongoing effects lasting for at least 2 months. Conclusions： High-17equency rTMS can markedly alleviate the motor system symptoms, sleep disturbances, and anxiety in RLS patients. These restllts suggest that rTMS might be an option for treating RLS.展开更多
Point-of-care testing(POCT),as a portable and user-friendly technology,can obtain accurate test results immediately at the sampling point.Nowadays,microfluidic paper-based analysis devices(μPads)have attracted the ey...Point-of-care testing(POCT),as a portable and user-friendly technology,can obtain accurate test results immediately at the sampling point.Nowadays,microfluidic paper-based analysis devices(μPads)have attracted the eye of the public and accelerated the development of POCT.A variety of detection methods are combined withμPads to realize precise,rapid and sensitive POCT.This article mainly introduced the development of electrochemistry and optical detection methods onμPads for POCT and their applications on disease analysis,environmental monitoring and food control in the past 5 years.Finally,the challenges and future development prospects ofμPads for POCT were discussed.展开更多
Flexible laser display is a critical component for an information output port in next-generation wearable devices.So far,the lack of appropriate display panels capable of providing sustained operation under rigorous m...Flexible laser display is a critical component for an information output port in next-generation wearable devices.So far,the lack of appropriate display panels capable of providing sustained operation under rigorous mechanical conditions impedes the development of flexible laser displays with high reliability.Owing to the multiple scattering feedback mechanism,random lasers render high mechanical flexibility to withstand deformation,thus making them promising candidates for flexible display planes.However,the inability to obtain pixelated random laser arrays with highly ordered emissive geometries hinders the application of flexible laser displays in the wearable device.Here,for the first time,we demonstrate a mass fabrication strategy of full-color random laser arrays for flexible display panels.The feedback closed loops can be easily fulfilled in the pixels by multiple scatterings to generate durative random lasing.Due to the sustained operation of random laser,the display performance was well-maintained under mechanical deformations,and as a result,a flexible laser display panel was achieved.Our finding will provide a guidance for the development of flexible laser displays and laser illumination devices.展开更多
文摘Because of their high safety, low cost, and high volumetric specific capacity, zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are considered promising next-generation energy storage devices, especially given their high potential for large-scale energy storage. Despite these advantages, many problems remain for ZIBs—such as Zn dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and Zn anode corrosion—which significantly reduce the coulomb efficiency and reversibility of the battery and limit its cycle lifespan, resulting in much uncertainty in terms of its practical applications. Numerous electrolyte additives have been proposed in recent years to solve the aforementioned problems.This review focuses on electrolyte additives and discusses the different substances employed as additives to overcome the problems by altering the Zn~(2+)solvation structure, creating a protective layer at the anode–electrolyte interface, and modulating the Zn~(2+)distribution to be even and Zn deposition to be uniform. On the basis of the review, the possible research strategies, future directions of electrolyte additive development, and the existing problems to be solved are also described.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC0132)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Sichuan University(YJ202308).
文摘Functional lipids,primarily derived through the modification of natural lipids by various processes,are widely acknowledged for their potential to impart health benefits.In contrast to chemical methods for lipid modification,enzymatic catalysis offers distinct advantages,including high selectivity,mild operating conditions,and reduced byproduct formation.Nevertheless,enzymes face challenges in industrial applications,such as low activity,stability,and undesired selectivity.To address these challenges,protein engineering techniques have been implemented to enhance enzyme performance in functional lipid synthesis.This article aims to review recent advances in protein engineering,encompassing approaches from directed evolution to rational design,with the goal of improving the properties of lipid-modifying enzymes.Furthermore,the article explores the future prospects and challenges associated with enzyme-catalyzed functional lipid synthesis.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82303681 and 82202950)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3332022063)+6 种基金the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-042)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202950)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3332022063)Feifei Xu,who participated in the research design.The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82303681)Wenfeng Gou,who participated in the research designThe Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-042)Wenbin Hou,who designed and conceived the study.
文摘Objective:Camellia nitidissima Chi,a Chinese medicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Guangxi,China,is beneficial for clearing heat,detoxifying,inducing diuresis,and suppressing swelling.It has various pharmacological properties,including antitumor,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant.However,its potential application in radioprotection remains unclear.In this study,we aimed to determine whether Camellia nitidissima Chi has radioprotective effects against radiation-induced gastrointestinal and hematopoietic damage.Methods:The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)techniques were used to assess the ability of Camellia nitidissima Chi to scavenge free radicals.We conducted a 30-day survival rate experiment to evaluate the radioprotective capabilities of Camellia nitidissima Chi.Additionally,we developed models of radiation-induced intestinal and hematopoietic damage.Alterations in the white blood cell(WBC)count,total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione(GSH),and protein expression linked to apoptosis were observed.Results:Camellia nitidissima Chi scavenged 84.72%and 93.47%of DPPH and ABTS,had a certain radiation protection potential,and increased the survival rate of mice to over 90%.Moreover,following exposure,Camellia nitidissima Chi enhanced WBC,T-SOD,and GSH levels.Camellia nitidissima Chi increased B-cell lymphoma-extra large(BCL-XL)expression and suppressed Bcl-2 associated X protein(BAX)expression,providing radioprotection to cells.Conclusions:Camellia nitidissima Chi has a strong antioxidant ability;it can improve the survival rate of mice after lethal dose irradiation and protect against radiation-induced hematopoietic and gastrointestinal damage.These findings can serve as a guide for using Chinese medicines for radioprotection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20666)the China National Railway Group Corporation Science and Technology Research and Development Program(N2023G083).
文摘Welded Turnout on Large-span Bridge(WTLB)is a complex multi-layer heterogeneous system and can significantly influence the service performance of High-Speed Railway(HSR).Understanding the coupling dynamic response of the vehicle and WTLB is essential.Previous research did not consider the dynamic behavior of foundations,leading to an underestimation of the vehicle-turnout-foundation coupling dynamic response,particularly when turnouts were laid on large-span bridges.This study proposes a novel modeling method that includes the foundations,to overcome the previous shortcomings by applying a rigid-flexible coupling system.In this approach,the vehicle was modeled as a rigid body sub-model in a Multi-Body Software(MBS),while WTLB was modeled as a flexible bodies sub-model using Finite Element(FE)software.The modal information from the FE model was imported into the MBS software.The two sub-models were coupled by the wheel-rail contact in the MBS environment and then the Vehicle-turnout-bridge Rigid-flexible Coupling Dynamic(VRCD)calculation model was established and it was discovered that the calculation results showed good agreement with the field test data.Through the VRCD model,the safety of the structure,the stability of the vehicle and the comfort of passengers were investigated,as well as several important infrastructure factors.The results demonstrate that this novel method provides accurate calculations and highlights the complex and significant interactions in the vehicle-turnout-bridge system.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFF0205600)the International Research Cooperation Seed Fund of Beijing University of Technology(2018A08)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport(2018-kjc-01-213)the Construction of Service Capability of Scientific and Technological Innovation-Municipal Level of Fundamental Research Funds(Scientific Research Categories)of Beijing City(PXM2019_014204_500032).
文摘In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers as they directly affect the regular service for the users.Therefore,monitoring the health status of pavement before irreversible damage occurs is essential for timely maintenance,which in turn ensures public transportation safety.Many pavement damages can be detected and analyzed by monitoring the structure dynamic responses and evaluating road surface conditions.Advanced technologies can be employed for the collection and analysis of such data,including various intrusive sensing techniques,image processing techniques,and machine learning methods.This review summarizes the state-ofthe-art of these three technologies in pavement engineering in recent years and suggests possible developments for future pavement monitoring and analysis based on these approaches.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge Dr.Katerina Ziotopoulou at the University of California Davis and Dr.Kyohei Ueda at Kyoto University for providing their centrifuge test data.The 2nd author would like to acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52025084).
文摘Sand liquefaction under static and dynamic loading can cause failure of embankments,slopes,bridges and other important infrastructure.Sand liquefaction in the seabed can also cause submarine landslides and tsunamis.Fabric anisotropy related to the internal soil structure such as particle orientation,force network and void space is found to have profound influence on sand liquefaction.A constitutive model accounting for the effect of anisotropy on sand liquefaction is proposed.Evolution of fabric anisotropy during loading is considered according to the anisotropic critical state theory for sand.The model has been validated by extensive test results on Toyoura sand with different initial densities and stress states.The effect of sample preparation method on sand liquefaction is qualitatively analysed.The model has been used to investigate the response of a sand ground under earthquake loading.It is shown that sand with horizontal bedding plane has the highest resistance to liquefaction when the sand deposit is anisotropic,which is consistent with the centrifuge test results.The initial degree of fabric anisotropy has a more significant influence on the liquefaction resistance.Sand with more anisotropic fabric that can be caused by previous loading history or compaction methods has lower liquefaction resistance.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62063014)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (Grant No. 22JR5RA365)。
文摘Traffic flow prediction is an effective strategy to assess traffic conditions and alleviate traffic congestion. Influenced by external non-stationary factors and road network structure, traffic flow sequences have macro spatiotemporal characteristics and micro chaotic characteristics. The key to improving the model prediction accuracy is to fully extract the macro and micro characteristics of traffic flow time sequences. However, traditional prediction model by only considers time features of traffic data, ignoring spatial characteristics and nonlinear characteristics of the data itself, resulting in poor model prediction performance. In view of this, this research proposes an intelligent combination prediction model taking into account the macro and micro features of chaotic traffic data. Firstly, to address the problem of time-consuming and inefficient multivariate phase space reconstruction by iterating nodes one by one, an improved multivariate phase space reconstruction method is proposed by filtering global representative nodes to effectively realize the high-dimensional mapping of chaotic traffic flow. Secondly, to address the problem that the traditional combinatorial model is difficult to adequately learn the macro and micro characteristics of chaotic traffic data, a combination of convolutional neural network(CNN) and convolutional long short-term memory(ConvLSTM) is utilized for capturing nonlinear features of traffic flow more comprehensively. Finally,to overcome the challenge that the combined model performance degrades due to subjective empirical determined network parameters, an improved lightweight particle swarm is proposed for improving prediction accuracy by optimizing model hyperparameters. In this paper, two highway datasets collected by the Caltrans Performance Measurement System(PeMS)are taken as the research objects, and the experimental results from multiple perspectives show that the comprehensive performance of the method proposed in this research is superior to those of the prevalent methods.
文摘Objective: To observe the concentration of se-rum homocysteine in intellectuals and the re-lated influential factors. Methods: The concen-trations serum homocysteine and saliva cortisol were measured in 138 intellectuals from three cities, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Chengdu in China. All the subjects had senior titles of tech-nical post, aged 40-69 years. Results: The mean value of serum homocysteine concentration in intellectuals was 20.6±0.8μmol/L, higher than the reference value. With the increase of cortisol levels the homocysteine concentrations rise (P <0.05). The mean value of homocysteine con-centration was highest in 40-49 years old group. Men had higher homocysteine level than women in this investigation. According to the mean value of homocysteine concentration among different cities, Tianjin was highest, Chengdu medium, Guangzhou lowest. Conclusion: The serum homocysteine concentration of intellec-tuals is higher than the reference value. The stress level, gender and resident cities might contribute to the differences in serum homo-cysteine concentration in Chinese intellectuals.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2023M742897Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2021B1515120019+5 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF,Grant/Award Number:GZC20232192Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Grant/Award Number:2682023ZTPY056Sichuan Science and Technology Program,Grant/Award Number:2023ZYD0114National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research,Grant/Award Number:2023YFC2411300National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:82072071,82072073New Interdisciplinary Cultivation Fund of SWJTU,Grant/Award Numbers:2682023JX005,2682022KJ041。
文摘Hydrogels,characterised as highly hydrophilic three-dimensional polymer networks,have gained increasing attention due to their unique physicochemical properties,finding applications in various fields.Natural polymer hydrogels exhibit higher biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels.Proteins,being the principal materials of natural polymer hydrogels,bear numerous modifiable functional groups.The resultant hydrogel possesses responsiveness,adjustable degradability,and underway as an excellent biomaterial.Seven common raw materials used to construct protein hydrogels are introduced.In terms of comparing natural polymer hydrogels with traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels,the authors conduct a detailed analysis and comparison,highlighting the advantages of natural polymer hydrogels in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability,and summarising their characteristics.The authors also address the limitations of various protein hydrogels and list existing strengthening cross-linking strategies,proposing new insights to overcome the application limits of protein hydrogels.Additionally,the applications of protein hydrogels in drug delivery,biosensing,bio-inks and tissue engineering are discussed.The authors conclude by summarising the current challenges faced by protein hydrogels and prospecting its future development.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1600200,2021YFB1600200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51608457,51778038,51808016,51808403,51908057,51908072,51908165,51908331,52008029,52008069,52078018,52078025,52078049,52078209,52108403,52122809,52178417)+9 种基金Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Individual Fellowships of the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 programme(No.101024139)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.JJ2020ZD0015)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(No.BX20180088)Research Capability Enhancement Program for Young Professors of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture(No.02080921021)Young Scholars of Beijing Talent Program(No.02082721009)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation and Beijing Municipal Education Commission(No.KZ201910016017)German Research Foundation(No.OE 514/15-1(459436571))Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020kfyXJJS127)Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Individual Fellowships of the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Programme(No.101030767)Research Fund for High Level Talent Program(No.22120210108)。
文摘Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental challenges.In the past 10 years,the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global social economy.New theories,new methods,new technologies and new materials related to pavement engineering are emerging.Deterioration of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics problem.Because of actual coupled behaviors of traffic and environmental conditions,predictions of pavement service life become more and more complicated and require a deep knowledge of pavement material analysis.In order to summarize the current and determine the future research of pavement engineering,Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)has launched a review paper on the topic of"New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021".Based on the joint-effort of 43 scholars from 24 well-known universities in highway engineering,this review paper systematically analyzes the research status and future development direction of 5 major fields of pavement engineering in the world.The content includes asphalt binder performance and modeling,mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials,multi-scale mechanics,green and sustainable pavement,and intelligent pavement.Overall,this review paper is able to provide references and insights for researchers and engineers in the field of pavement engineering.
基金grants from Sichuan Key Research and Development Program of China(22ZDYF2034)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.82072071,82072073)+5 种基金Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guang Dong Province(2019B010941002)Shenzhen Funds of the Central Government to Guide Local Scientific and Technological Development(2021SZVUP123)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020YFS0170)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2682020ZT79)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120019)Research and Develop Program,West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University(RD-03-202012,RD-03-202101).
文摘Regenerating periodontal bone tissues in the aggravated inflammatory periodontal microenvironment under diabetic conditions is a great challenge.Here,a polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide(PGO)and hydroxyapatite nanoparticle(PHA)-incorporated conductive alginate/gelatin(AG)scaffold is developed to accelerate periodontal bone regeneration by modulating the diabetic inflammatory microenvironment.PHA confers the scaffold with osteoinductivity and PGO provides a conductive pathway for the scaffold.The conductive scaffold promotes bone regeneration by transferring endogenous electrical signals to cells and activating Ca2+channels.Moreover,the scaffold with polydopamine-mediated nanomaterials has a reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging ability and anti-inflammatory activity.It also exhibits an immunomodulatory ability that suppresses M1 macrophage polarization and activates M2 macrophages to secrete osteogenesis-related cytokines by mediating glycolytic and RhoA/ROCK pathways in macrophages.The scaffold induces excellent bone regeneration in periodontal bone defects of diabetic rats because of the synergistic effects of good conductive,ROS-scavenging,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulatory abilities.This study provides fundamental insights into the synergistical effects of conductivity,osteoinductivity,and immunomodulatory abilities on bone regeneration and offers a novel strategy to design immunomodulatory biomaterials for treatment of immune-related diseases and tissue regeneration.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0700800)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guang Dong Province(2019B010941002)+3 种基金NSFC(82072071,82072073)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2682020ZT79)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020YJ0009)Young Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Team Funds of Sichuan Province(20CXTD0106).
文摘Adhesive hydrogels have broad applications ranging from tissue engineering to bioelectronics;however,fabricating adhesive hydrogels with multiple functions remains a challenge.In this study,a mussel-inspired tannic acid chelated-Ag(TA-Ag)nanozyme with peroxidase(POD)-like activity was designed by the in situ reduction of ultrasmall Ag nanoparticles(NPs)with TA.The ultrasmall TA-Ag nanozyme exhibited high catalytic activity to induce hydrogel self-setting without external aid.The nanozyme retained abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups and maintained the dynamic redox balance of phenol-quinone,providing the hydrogels with long-term and repeatable adhesiveness,similar to the adhesion of mussels.The phenolic hydroxyl groups also afforded uniform distribution of the nanozyme in the hydrogel network,thereby improving its mechanical properties and conductivity.Furthermore,the nanozyme endowed the hydrogel with antibacterial activity through synergistic effects of the reactive oxygen species generated via POD-like catalytic reactions and the intrinsic bactericidal activity of Ag.Owing to these advantages,the ultrasmall TA-Ag nanozyme-catalyzed hydrogel could be effectively used as an adhesive,antibacterial,and implantable bioelectrode to detect bio-signals,and as a wound dressing to accelerate tissue regeneration while preventing infection.Therefore,this study provides a promising approach for the fabrication of adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics with multiple functions via mussel-inspired nanozyme catalysis.
文摘The interface between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate directly affects the service life of pavement because the defects and stress concentration occur more easily there. The interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate is the main cause of forming the interface. This paper presents an extensive review on the test technologies and analysis methods of interfacial interaction, including molecular dynamics simulation, phase field approach, absorption tests, rheological methods and macro mechanical tests. All of the studies conducted on this topic clearly indicated that the interfacial interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate is a physical-chemical process, and can be qualitatively characterized by microscopical technique （such as SEM and AFM）, and also can be quantitatively evaluated by rheological methods and interfacial mechanical tests. Molecular dynamics simulation and phase field approach were also demonstrated to be effective methods to study the interfacial behavior and its mechanism.
基金the Hunan Department of Transportation(No.202152)in ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(JJ2020ZD0015)+1 种基金the Opening Project Fund of Materials Service Safety Assessment Facilities(MSAF-2021-005,MSAF-2021-109)German Research Foundation(DFG)under Grant No.SFB/TRR 339(453596084)。
文摘The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection and monitoring,and timely maintenance are particularly important for engineers.Many engineering applications of industrial informatics approaches,like image processing technology,widely used computer-based algorithms,and advanced sensors,have been initially and gradually applied to roads.This state-of-the-art review first summarized the research on industrial applications of advanced information technologies in recent years,while analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.Especially,five topics were focused on road construction,road maintenance with decision strategy,road structure evaluation,smart sensing in the road,and cooperative vehicle infrastructure system.It is expected that advanced industrial informatics can help engineers promote the development of smart,safe,and sustainable roads.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Background： Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hypoexcitability disorders. Tile aim of this study was to investigate whether high-fi-equency rTMS could have any beneficial effects in restless legs syndrome （RLS）. Methods： Fourteen patients with RLS were given high-frequency rTMS （15 Hz, 100% motor threshold） to tile leg representation motor cortex area of the frontal lobe for 14 sessions over 18 days. Patients were diagnosed according to the international criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group in 2003. The International RLS Rating Scale （1RLS-RS）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）, Hamilton Anxiety Scale （llAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale were used to evaluate the severity of RLS, sleep quality, anxiety and depression, respectively. The scale scores were evaluated at four-time points （baseline, end of the 14th session, and at 1- and 2-month posttreatrnent）. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare scale scores at different time points. Results： There was significant improvement in the 1RLS-RS （from 23.86 ± 5.88 to 11.21 ± 7.23, P 〈 0.05）, PSQ1 （frorn 15.00 ± 4.88 to 9.29 ± 3.91, P 〈 0.05）, and HAMA （from 17.93 ± 7.11 to 10.36 ± 7.13, P 〈 0.05） scale scores at the end of 14th session, with ongoing effects lasting for at least 2 months. Conclusions： High-17equency rTMS can markedly alleviate the motor system symptoms, sleep disturbances, and anxiety in RLS patients. These restllts suggest that rTMS might be an option for treating RLS.
基金Shaanxi Province Science Foundation(2021JM-193)for funding this workthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK201902009,GK201701002)Program for Innovative Research Team in Shaanxi Province(2014KCT-28)for supporting this work
文摘Point-of-care testing(POCT),as a portable and user-friendly technology,can obtain accurate test results immediately at the sampling point.Nowadays,microfluidic paper-based analysis devices(μPads)have attracted the eye of the public and accelerated the development of POCT.A variety of detection methods are combined withμPads to realize precise,rapid and sensitive POCT.This article mainly introduced the development of electrochemistry and optical detection methods onμPads for POCT and their applications on disease analysis,environmental monitoring and food control in the past 5 years.Finally,the challenges and future development prospects ofμPads for POCT were discussed.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFA0204502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21790364)。
文摘Flexible laser display is a critical component for an information output port in next-generation wearable devices.So far,the lack of appropriate display panels capable of providing sustained operation under rigorous mechanical conditions impedes the development of flexible laser displays with high reliability.Owing to the multiple scattering feedback mechanism,random lasers render high mechanical flexibility to withstand deformation,thus making them promising candidates for flexible display planes.However,the inability to obtain pixelated random laser arrays with highly ordered emissive geometries hinders the application of flexible laser displays in the wearable device.Here,for the first time,we demonstrate a mass fabrication strategy of full-color random laser arrays for flexible display panels.The feedback closed loops can be easily fulfilled in the pixels by multiple scatterings to generate durative random lasing.Due to the sustained operation of random laser,the display performance was well-maintained under mechanical deformations,and as a result,a flexible laser display panel was achieved.Our finding will provide a guidance for the development of flexible laser displays and laser illumination devices.
