The methods for producing inorganic particles with a narrow particle size distribution, which are useful as chromatographic packing materials for high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, are provided. These met...The methods for producing inorganic particles with a narrow particle size distribution, which are useful as chromatographic packing materials for high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, are provided. These methods are based on improvements in the polymerization induced colloid aggregation（PICA） process described. These improved methods involved both synthesis of zirconium oxide colloid and sintering method. Colloid is an important factor in the PICA process. The reaction factors of the aqueous sol colloid of zirconium oxide are studied. We use sintering procedure to sinter zirconium oxide colloid, the average particle size is 5 μm. Owing to different sintering procdure, the average pore size is between 7.0 32 nm and the average surface area is between 4487 m 2/g. [WT5HZ]展开更多
目的建立基于红外光谱(FT-IR)、气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、高分辨质谱(high resolution mass spectrometer,HRMS)、核磁共振波谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,NMR)等多技术联合检验合成大麻素类新精神活性物质5F-MDMB-PICA的...目的建立基于红外光谱(FT-IR)、气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、高分辨质谱(high resolution mass spectrometer,HRMS)、核磁共振波谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,NMR)等多技术联合检验合成大麻素类新精神活性物质5F-MDMB-PICA的方法。方法粉末样品直接用FT-IR检测;粉末样品用甲醇溶解、烟丝样品用甲醇提取后采用GC-MS和高分辨质谱检测;粉末样品用氘代甲醇溶解后进行核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)结构确证。结果GC-MS检测测得样品中主要组分的质谱特征离子(m/z)为232(基峰)、144、376、320、288、260、116、212,HRMS实测的精确质量数[M+H]+为377.22305,经数据库检索比对再结合数据分析,并经1H NMR确证,确定了该样品为5F-MDMB-PICA。而且,样品中主要组分的GC-MS保留时间和特征离子与5F-MDMB-PICA对照品一致。结论本研究建立的方法快速、简便、准确,可用于样品中5F-MDMB-PICA的检验,同时可为其他合成大麻素类新精神活性物质的检验提供方法参考。展开更多
The Pica syndrome is an eating disorder characterized by an excessive or abnormal desire to consume a non-nourishing substance which can be relatively harmless, or potentially harmful for the health. It is a rare affe...The Pica syndrome is an eating disorder characterized by an excessive or abnormal desire to consume a non-nourishing substance which can be relatively harmless, or potentially harmful for the health. It is a rare affection secondary to the accumulation of diverse nature foreign bodies inside the digestive tract and more especially at the stomach level. Gastro-intestinal localization is the most frequent, and can remain long time asymptomatic. Treatment is surgical. We report 3 cases of digestive complication of Pica syndrome. The first one was operated for gastric perforation due to nail (53 nails, a pin and bands of tape recorder cassette ingested), the second one for trichobezoar and the last had a subocclusion by pieces of granite.展开更多
Pica is an eating disorder in which non-nutritional objects are frequently eaten, and may have serious side effects for both the mother and neonate. The aim of this study was to determine the pica and its association ...Pica is an eating disorder in which non-nutritional objects are frequently eaten, and may have serious side effects for both the mother and neonate. The aim of this study was to determine the pica and its association with biochemical profiles of pregnant women and its relation to pregnancy outcome. A prospective cohort study was conducted in five health care centers in Zahedan City, Iran, in 2011-2012. Samples of pregnant women (n = 200) in the age groups 18 - 40 years were selected for this study and interviewed using a questionnaire. Maternal biochemical profiles (hemoglobin and ferritin) during pregnancy, mean gestational age and pregnancy outcome namely height, weight, and head circumferences of neonates were compared to pregnant women who reported pica (pica group) and women who did not (without pica group). The results showed pica prevalence categorized by substance as follows: clay (23.3%), ice (53.7%), ice and freezer frost (11.5%) and other substances (11.5%). Women in pica group had lower hemoglobin levels during the three trimesters of pregnancy than without pica group. Head circumferences of neonates in pica groups were significantly lower than those of without pica groups (31.0 ± 0.6 vs. 34.0 ± 0.2 respectively). There were no differences in mean birth weight, length, gestational age of infants born to pregnant women from the pica group and without pica group. The findings suggest that the pica practices during pregnancy are associated with lower maternal hemoglobin during the?pregnancy periods, and also significantly lower head circumferences of neonates. Dietitians should ask pregnant women with anemia about pica and should counsel pregnant women who report pica.展开更多
<strong>Purpose</strong>: <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To study pregnancy craving and pica in a cohort of women and com...<strong>Purpose</strong>: <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To study pregnancy craving and pica in a cohort of women and compare our findings to a historic study. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Prospective survey of women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Data were collected using the same questionnaire from a study published in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Obstetrics and Gynecology</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in 1957. All surveys were conducted by clinicians at 35 0/7-41 6/7 weeks gestational age. High risk pregnancies were excluded. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">We included 547 women in the analysis. Of those, 60.8% reported food craving vs 65.7% in the 1957 cohort, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value 0.09. The most common food craving was fruit, seen in 31.1% vs 13.6%, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value < 0.00001. In the group of women with craving, 64.6% reported that they craved the food item prior to becoming pregnant, 76.0% could not wait until another day to satisfy their food craving, and 41.7% reported there was something they liked as much. Only 2.9% of women in our cohort had pica vs 9.0%, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value 0.00001. The cohorts differed in fruit craving, (31.1% vs 13.6%), meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts (21.0% vs 5.0%), milk, yogurt, and cheese, (17.0% vs 2.2%) and vegetable, (14.1% vs 6.9%), all with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value < 0.00001. They did not differ in the category of bread, cereal, rice, and pasta, 17.9% vs 22.3, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value 0.06. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Food craving during the third trimester of pregnancy has remained constant for almost 60 years, although the items craved have changed. Pica was less common in our modern cohort of women.</span></span>展开更多
文摘The methods for producing inorganic particles with a narrow particle size distribution, which are useful as chromatographic packing materials for high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, are provided. These methods are based on improvements in the polymerization induced colloid aggregation（PICA） process described. These improved methods involved both synthesis of zirconium oxide colloid and sintering method. Colloid is an important factor in the PICA process. The reaction factors of the aqueous sol colloid of zirconium oxide are studied. We use sintering procedure to sinter zirconium oxide colloid, the average particle size is 5 μm. Owing to different sintering procdure, the average pore size is between 7.0 32 nm and the average surface area is between 4487 m 2/g. [WT5HZ]
文摘目的建立基于红外光谱(FT-IR)、气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、高分辨质谱(high resolution mass spectrometer,HRMS)、核磁共振波谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,NMR)等多技术联合检验合成大麻素类新精神活性物质5F-MDMB-PICA的方法。方法粉末样品直接用FT-IR检测;粉末样品用甲醇溶解、烟丝样品用甲醇提取后采用GC-MS和高分辨质谱检测;粉末样品用氘代甲醇溶解后进行核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)结构确证。结果GC-MS检测测得样品中主要组分的质谱特征离子(m/z)为232(基峰)、144、376、320、288、260、116、212,HRMS实测的精确质量数[M+H]+为377.22305,经数据库检索比对再结合数据分析,并经1H NMR确证,确定了该样品为5F-MDMB-PICA。而且,样品中主要组分的GC-MS保留时间和特征离子与5F-MDMB-PICA对照品一致。结论本研究建立的方法快速、简便、准确,可用于样品中5F-MDMB-PICA的检验,同时可为其他合成大麻素类新精神活性物质的检验提供方法参考。
文摘The Pica syndrome is an eating disorder characterized by an excessive or abnormal desire to consume a non-nourishing substance which can be relatively harmless, or potentially harmful for the health. It is a rare affection secondary to the accumulation of diverse nature foreign bodies inside the digestive tract and more especially at the stomach level. Gastro-intestinal localization is the most frequent, and can remain long time asymptomatic. Treatment is surgical. We report 3 cases of digestive complication of Pica syndrome. The first one was operated for gastric perforation due to nail (53 nails, a pin and bands of tape recorder cassette ingested), the second one for trichobezoar and the last had a subocclusion by pieces of granite.
文摘Pica is an eating disorder in which non-nutritional objects are frequently eaten, and may have serious side effects for both the mother and neonate. The aim of this study was to determine the pica and its association with biochemical profiles of pregnant women and its relation to pregnancy outcome. A prospective cohort study was conducted in five health care centers in Zahedan City, Iran, in 2011-2012. Samples of pregnant women (n = 200) in the age groups 18 - 40 years were selected for this study and interviewed using a questionnaire. Maternal biochemical profiles (hemoglobin and ferritin) during pregnancy, mean gestational age and pregnancy outcome namely height, weight, and head circumferences of neonates were compared to pregnant women who reported pica (pica group) and women who did not (without pica group). The results showed pica prevalence categorized by substance as follows: clay (23.3%), ice (53.7%), ice and freezer frost (11.5%) and other substances (11.5%). Women in pica group had lower hemoglobin levels during the three trimesters of pregnancy than without pica group. Head circumferences of neonates in pica groups were significantly lower than those of without pica groups (31.0 ± 0.6 vs. 34.0 ± 0.2 respectively). There were no differences in mean birth weight, length, gestational age of infants born to pregnant women from the pica group and without pica group. The findings suggest that the pica practices during pregnancy are associated with lower maternal hemoglobin during the?pregnancy periods, and also significantly lower head circumferences of neonates. Dietitians should ask pregnant women with anemia about pica and should counsel pregnant women who report pica.
文摘<strong>Purpose</strong>: <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To study pregnancy craving and pica in a cohort of women and compare our findings to a historic study. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Prospective survey of women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Data were collected using the same questionnaire from a study published in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Obstetrics and Gynecology</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in 1957. All surveys were conducted by clinicians at 35 0/7-41 6/7 weeks gestational age. High risk pregnancies were excluded. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">We included 547 women in the analysis. Of those, 60.8% reported food craving vs 65.7% in the 1957 cohort, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value 0.09. The most common food craving was fruit, seen in 31.1% vs 13.6%, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value < 0.00001. In the group of women with craving, 64.6% reported that they craved the food item prior to becoming pregnant, 76.0% could not wait until another day to satisfy their food craving, and 41.7% reported there was something they liked as much. Only 2.9% of women in our cohort had pica vs 9.0%, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value 0.00001. The cohorts differed in fruit craving, (31.1% vs 13.6%), meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts (21.0% vs 5.0%), milk, yogurt, and cheese, (17.0% vs 2.2%) and vegetable, (14.1% vs 6.9%), all with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value < 0.00001. They did not differ in the category of bread, cereal, rice, and pasta, 17.9% vs 22.3, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-value 0.06. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Food craving during the third trimester of pregnancy has remained constant for almost 60 years, although the items craved have changed. Pica was less common in our modern cohort of women.</span></span>
