Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pP...Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such uncertainties.This study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and AND-operations.Some results related to these operations are also modified for pPyFHSS.Additionally,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and results.Lastly,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested system.The algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical models.Similarly,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison.展开更多
This paper introduces fuzzy N-bipolar soft(FN-BS)sets,a novel mathematical framework designed to enhance multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)processes under uncertainty.The study addresses a significant limitation in ...This paper introduces fuzzy N-bipolar soft(FN-BS)sets,a novel mathematical framework designed to enhance multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)processes under uncertainty.The study addresses a significant limitation in existing models by unifying fuzzy logic,the consideration of bipolarity,and the ability to evaluate attributes on a multinary scale.The specific contributions of the FN-BS framework include:(1)a formal definition and settheoretic foundation,(2)the development of two innovative algorithms for solving decision-making(DM)problems,and(3)a comparative analysis demonstrating its superiority over established models.The proposed framework is applied to a real-world case study on selecting vaccination programs across multiple countries,showcasing consistent DM outcomes and exceptional adaptability to complex and uncertain scenarios.These results position FN-BS sets as a versatile and powerful tool for addressing dynamic DM challenges.展开更多
Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)service providers have become increasingly important in the manufacturing industry due to their ability to gather and process vast amounts of data from connected devices,enabling man...Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)service providers have become increasingly important in the manufacturing industry due to their ability to gather and process vast amounts of data from connected devices,enabling manufacturers to improve operational efficiency,reduce costs,and enhance product quality.These platforms provide manufacturers with real-time visibility into their production processes and supply chains,allowing them to optimize operations and make informed decisions.In addition,IIoT service providers can help manufacturers create new revenue streams through the development of innovative products and services and enable them to leverage the benefits of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)and machine learning.Overall,the implementation of IIoT platforms in the manufacturing industry is crucial for companies seeking to remain competitive and meet the ever-increasing demands of customers in the digital age.In this study,the evaluation criteria to be considered in the selection of IIoT service provider in small andmedium-sized(SME)manufacturing enterprises will be determined and IIoT service providers alternatives will be evaluated using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method based on circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets.Based on the assessments conducted in accordance with the literature review and expert consultations,a set of 8 selection criteria has been established.These criteria encompass industry expertise,customer support,flexibility and scalability,security,cost-effectiveness,reliability,data analytics,as well as compatibility and usability.Upon evaluating these criteria,it was observed that the security criterion holds the highest significance,succeeded by cost-effectiveness,data analytics,flexibility and scalability,reliability,and customer support criteria,in descending order of importance.Following the evaluation of seven distinct alternatives against these criteria,it was deduced that the A6 alternative,a German service provider,emerged as the most favorable option.The identical issue was addressed utilizing sensitivity analysis alongside various multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)methods,and after comprehensive evaluation,the outcomes were assessed.Spearman’s correlation coefficient was computed to ascertain the association between the rankings derived from solving the problem using diverse MCDM methods.展开更多
This socialized environment among educated and developed people causes themto focusmore on their appearance and health,which turns them towards medical-related treatments,leading us to discuss anti-aging treatment met...This socialized environment among educated and developed people causes themto focusmore on their appearance and health,which turns them towards medical-related treatments,leading us to discuss anti-aging treatment methods for each age group,particularly for urban people who are interested in this.Some anti-aging therapies are used to address the alterations brought on by aging in human life without the need for surgery or negative effects.Five anti-aging therapies such as microdermabrasion or dermabrasion,laser resurfacing anti-aging skin treatments,chemical peels,dermal fillers for aged skin,and botox injections are considered in this study.Based on the criteria of safety risk,investment cost,customer happiness,and side effects,the optimal alternative is picked.As a result,a NormalWiggly Hesitant Pythagorean Fuzzy Set(NWHPFS)is constructed and used in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making(MCDM)using traditional wavy mathematical approaches.The entropy approach is utilized to determine weight values,and the Normal Wiggly Hesitant Pythagorean-VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(NWHPF-VIKOR)method is utilized to rank alternatives using MCDM methodologies.Sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis were performed to ensure the robustness and reliability of the proposed method.The smart final choice will undoubtedly assist Decision Makers(DM)in making the right judgments,and the MCDM approach will undoubtedly assist individuals in understanding the medicine.展开更多
In this article,multiple attribute decision-making problems are solved using the vague normal set(VNS).It is possible to generalize the vague set(VS)and q-rung fuzzy set(FS)into the q-rung vague set(VS).A log q-rung n...In this article,multiple attribute decision-making problems are solved using the vague normal set(VNS).It is possible to generalize the vague set(VS)and q-rung fuzzy set(FS)into the q-rung vague set(VS).A log q-rung normal vague weighted averaging(log q-rung NVWA),a log q-rung normal vague weighted geometric(log q-rung NVWG),a log generalized q-rung normal vague weighted averaging(log Gq-rung NVWA),and a log generalized q-rungnormal vagueweightedgeometric(logGq-rungNVWG)operator are discussed in this article.Adescription is provided of the scoring function,accuracy function and operational laws of the log q-rung VS.The algorithms underlying these functions are also described.A numerical example is provided to extend the Euclidean distance and the Humming distance.Additionally,idempotency,boundedness,commutativity,and monotonicity of the log q-rung VS are examined as they facilitate recognizing the optimal alternative more quickly and help clarify conceptualization.We chose five anemia patients with four types of symptoms including seizures,emotional shock or hysteria,brain cause,and high fever,who had either retrograde amnesia,anterograde amnesia,transient global amnesia,post-traumatic amnesia,or infantile amnesia.Natural numbers q are used to express the results of the models.To demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the models we are investigating,we compare several existing models with those that have been developed.展开更多
Green supplier selection is an important debate in green supply chain management(GSCM),attracting global attention from scholars,especially companies and policymakers.Companies frequently search for new ideas and stra...Green supplier selection is an important debate in green supply chain management(GSCM),attracting global attention from scholars,especially companies and policymakers.Companies frequently search for new ideas and strategies to assist them in realizing sustainable development.Because of the speculative character of human opinions,supplier selection frequently includes unreliable data,and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set(IVPFSS)provides an exceptional capacity to cope with excessive fuzziness,inconsistency,and inexactness through the decision-making procedure.The main goal of this study is to come up with new operational laws for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft numbers(IVPFSNs)and create two interaction operators-the intervalvalued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted average(IVPFSIWA)and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted geometric(IVPFSIWG)operators,and analyze their properties.These operators are highly advantageous in addressing uncertain problems by considering membership and non-membership values within intervals,providing a superior solution to other methods.Moreover,specialist judgments were calculated by the MCGDM technique,supporting the use of interaction AOs to regulate the interdependence and fundamental partiality of green supplier assessment aspects.Lastly,a statistical clarification of the planned method for green supplier selection is presented.展开更多
Recently,much interest has been given tomulti-granulation rough sets (MGRS), and various types ofMGRSmodelshave been developed from different viewpoints. In this paper, we introduce two techniques for the classificati...Recently,much interest has been given tomulti-granulation rough sets (MGRS), and various types ofMGRSmodelshave been developed from different viewpoints. In this paper, we introduce two techniques for the classificationof MGRS. Firstly, we generate multi-topologies from multi-relations defined in the universe. Hence, a novelapproximation space is established by leveraging the underlying topological structure. The characteristics of thenewly proposed approximation space are discussed.We introduce an algorithmfor the reduction ofmulti-relations.Secondly, a new approach for the classification ofMGRS based on neighborhood concepts is introduced. Finally, areal-life application from medical records is introduced via our approach to the classification of MGRS.展开更多
A segmented basis set of quadruple zeta valence quality plus polarization functions(QZP)for H through Xe was developed to be used in conjunction with the ZORA Hamiltonian.This set was augmented with diffuse functions ...A segmented basis set of quadruple zeta valence quality plus polarization functions(QZP)for H through Xe was developed to be used in conjunction with the ZORA Hamiltonian.This set was augmented with diffuse functions to describe electrons farther away from the nuclei adequately.Using the ZORA-CCSD(T)/QZP-ZORA theoretical model,atomic ionization energies and bond lengths,harmonic vibrational frequencies,and atomization energies of some molecules were calculated.The addition of core-valence corrections has been shown to improve the agreement between theoretical and experimental results for molecular properties.For atomization energies,a similar observation emerges when considering spin-orbit couplings.With the augmented QZP-ZORA set,static mean dipole polarizabilities of a set of atoms were calculated and compared with previously published recommended and experimental values.Performance evaluations of the ZORA and Douglas–Kroll–Hess Hamiltonians were made for each property studied.展开更多
As an extension of overlap functions, pseudo-semi-overlap functions are a crucial class of aggregation functions. Therefore, (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets are introduced, utilizing pseudo-semi-overlap functions, and furth...As an extension of overlap functions, pseudo-semi-overlap functions are a crucial class of aggregation functions. Therefore, (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets are introduced, utilizing pseudo-semi-overlap functions, and further extended for applications in image edge extraction. Firstly, a new clustering function, the pseudo-semi-overlap function, is introduced by eliminating the symmetry and right continuity present in the overlap function. The relaxed nature of this function enhances its applicability in image edge extraction. Secondly, the definitions of (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets are provided, using (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets, a pair of new fuzzy mathematical morphological operators (IPSOFMM operators) is proposed. Finally, by combining the fuzzy C-means algorithm and IPSOFMM operators, a novel image edge extraction algorithm (FCM-IPSO algorithm) is proposed and implemented. Compared to existing algorithms, the FCM-IPSO algorithm exhibits more image edges and a 73.81% decrease in the noise introduction rate. The outstanding performance of (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets in image edge extraction demonstrates their practical application value.展开更多
This study identified castor oil and phosphate ester as effective retarders through setting time,tensile,and flexural tests,and determined their optimal dosages.The mechanism by which phosphate ester affects the setti...This study identified castor oil and phosphate ester as effective retarders through setting time,tensile,and flexural tests,and determined their optimal dosages.The mechanism by which phosphate ester affects the setting time of polyurethane was further investigated using molecular dynamics simulations.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was also employed to systematically study the physical and chemical interactions between phosphate esters and polyurethane materials.The results demonstrate that a 1%concentration of phosphate ester provides the most effective retarding effect with minimal impact on the strength of polyurethane.When phosphate ester is added to the B component of the two-component polyurethane system,its interaction energy with component A decreases,as do the diffusion coefficient and aggregation degree of component B on the surface of component A.This reduction in interaction slows the setting time.Additionally,the addition of phosphate ester to polyurethane leads to the disappearance or weakening of functional groups,indicating competitive interactions within the phosphate ester components that inhibit the reaction rate.展开更多
The dramatic rise in the number of people living in cities has made many environmental and social problems worse.The search for a productive method for disposing of solid waste is the most notable of these problems.Ma...The dramatic rise in the number of people living in cities has made many environmental and social problems worse.The search for a productive method for disposing of solid waste is the most notable of these problems.Many scholars have referred to it as a fuzzy multi-attribute or multi-criteria decision-making problem using various fuzzy set-like approaches because of the inclusion of criteria and anticipated ambiguity.The goal of the current study is to use an innovative methodology to address the expected uncertainties in the problem of solid waste site selection.The characteristics(or sub-attributes)that decision-makers select and the degree of approximation they accept for various options can both be indicators of these uncertainties.To tackle these problems,a novel mathematical structure known as the fuzzy parameterized possibility single valued neutrosophic hypersoft expert set(ρˆ-set),which is initially described,is integrated with a modified version of Sanchez’s method.Following this,an intelligent algorithm is suggested.The steps of the suggested algorithm are explained with an example that explains itself.The compatibility of solid waste management sites and systems is discussed,and rankings are established along with detailed justifications for their viability.This study’s strengths lie in its application of fuzzy parameterization and possibility grading to effectively handle the uncertainties embodied in the parameters’nature and alternative approximations,respectively.It uses specific mathematical formulations to compute the fuzzy parameterized degrees and possibility grades that are missing from the prior literature.It is simpler for the decisionmakers to look at each option separately because the decision is uncertain.Comparing the computed results,it is discovered that they are consistent and dependable because of their preferred properties.展开更多
The Longshan orogenic belt is located in the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin at the junction zone between the Western Qinling and Northern Qilian orogenic belt.Voluminous Early Paleozoic magmatism in this area is o...The Longshan orogenic belt is located in the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin at the junction zone between the Western Qinling and Northern Qilian orogenic belt.Voluminous Early Paleozoic magmatism in this area is of key significance for determining the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution and deep crust-mantle structure.Previous studies mainly focused on the Paleozoic granites;the coeval mafic rocks in this area are still poorly understood.A set of Late Silurian intraplate tholeiitic basalts has been discovered in Longshan area,providing key evidence for the mantle source and deep geodynamic background in this area.The Late Silurian Angou basalt has similar geochemical features as intraplate tholeiitic basalt,with high Na_(2)O/K_(2)O ratios(5.22-8.25),enriched in large ion lithophile elements and LREE.In combination with their relatively evolved Sr-Nd isotopic composition[^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr(i)=0.7128-0.7140;ε_(Nd)(t)=-5.55 to-3.40],it is suggested that it originated from decompression melting of metasomatized enriched mantle in extensional setting.These results indicate that the mantle source in the junction zone of the West Qinling-North Qilian orogenic belt evolved from depleted to enriched with the continuation of Proto-Tethys subduction from the Cambrian to the Silurian.These results are of great significance to understanding the genesis of contemporaneous granite and the crust-mantle interaction in the junction zone between the Western Qinling and Northern Qilian orogenic belt.展开更多
Using traditional particle tracking velocimetry based on optical flow for measuring areas with large velocity gradient changes may cause oversmoothing,resulting in significant measurement errors.To address this proble...Using traditional particle tracking velocimetry based on optical flow for measuring areas with large velocity gradient changes may cause oversmoothing,resulting in significant measurement errors.To address this problem,the traditional particle tracking velocimetry method based on an optical flow was improved.The level set segmentation algorithm was used to obtain the boundary contour of the region with large velocity gradient changes,and the non-uniform flow field was divided into regions according to the boundary contour to obtain sub-regions with uniform velocity distribution.The particle tracking velocimetry method based on optical flow was used to measure the granular flow velocity in each sub-region,thus avoiding the problem of granular flow distribution.The simulation results show that the measurement accuracy of this method is approximately 10%higher than that of traditional methods.The method was applied to a velocity measurement experiment on dense granular flow in silos,and the velocity distribution of the granular flow was obtained,verifying the practicality of the method in granular flow fields.展开更多
Unraveling the precise mineralization age is vital to understand the geodynamic setting and ore-forming mechanism of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposit;this has long been a challenge.The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)tria...Unraveling the precise mineralization age is vital to understand the geodynamic setting and ore-forming mechanism of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposit;this has long been a challenge.The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)triangle in the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block is a globally recognized carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn metallogenic province and also an essential part of the South China low-temperature metallogenic domain.This region has>30 million tons(Mt)Zn and Pb resources and shows the enrichment of dispersed metals,such as Ga,Ge,Cd,Se,and Tl.During the past 2 decades,abundant data on mineralization ages of Pb-Zn deposits within the SYG triangle have been documented based on various radioisotopic dating methods,resulting in significant progress in understanding the geodynamic background and ore formation of Pb-Zn deposits hosted in sedimentary rocks at SYG triangle.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the geochronological results and Pb-Sr isotopic data regarding Pb-Zn deposits in the SYG triangle,which identified two distinct Pb-Zn mineralization periods influencing the dynamic processes associated with the expansion and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the western margin of the Yangtze Block.The predominant phase of Pb-Zn mineralization at SYG triangle spanned from the Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic(226-191 Ma),which was intensely correlated with the large-scale basin fluid transport triggered by the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean and Indosinian orogeny.The secondary Pb-Zn mineralization phase occurred during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous and was controlled by extensional structures associated with the expansion of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.Further investigation is necessary to clarify the occurrence and potential factors involved in the Pb-Zn mineralization events during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous.展开更多
Fractional discrete systems can enable the modeling and control of the complicated processes more adaptable through the concept of versatility by providing systemdynamics’descriptions withmore degrees of freedom.Nume...Fractional discrete systems can enable the modeling and control of the complicated processes more adaptable through the concept of versatility by providing systemdynamics’descriptions withmore degrees of freedom.Numerical approaches have become necessary and sufficient to be addressed and employed for benefiting from the adaptability of such systems for varied applications.A variety of fractional Layla and Majnun model(LMM)system kinds has been proposed in the current work where some of these systems’key behaviors are addressed.In addition,the necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability and asymptotic stability of the fractional dynamic systems are investigated,as a result of which,the necessary requirements of the LMM to achieve constant and asymptotically steady zero resolutions are provided.As a special case,when Layla and Majnun have equal feelings,we propose an analysis of the system in view of its equilibrium and fixed point sets.Considering that the system has marginal stability if its eigenvalues have both negative and zero real portions,it is demonstrated that the system neither converges nor diverges to a steady trajectory or equilibrium point.It,rather,continues to hover along the line separating stability and instability based on the fractional LMM system.展开更多
During the automated placement process of dry fibers,the positioning and fixation of dry fiber gauze belts are achieved by spraying setting agents.The amount of the setting agent is difficult to control when it is spr...During the automated placement process of dry fibers,the positioning and fixation of dry fiber gauze belts are achieved by spraying setting agents.The amount of the setting agent is difficult to control when it is sprayed manually.Furthermore,it can also affect the permeability of the preform,resin injection and the quality of the vacuum assisted resin infusion(VARI)molding,resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of composite materials.This study utilizes dry fiber automated placement equipment and an automated spraying system to manufacture preform structures,followed by VARI process to prepare composite samples with varying setting agent contents.Subsequently,mechanical characterization including interlaminar shear,bending and tensile testing is conducted to investigate the influence of setting agent content on both the manufacturing process and the mechanical properties of composite products.The results show that the interlaminar shear strength,bending strength and tensile strength of the sample gradually decrease with the increase of the content of the setting agent.The optimal setting agent content for automated laying of dry fiber is determined to be 4%-6%,balancing the preformed body’s layup quality and its impact on mechanical properties.Compared with agent-free samples,this range results in reductions of 3% in interlaminar shear strength,9% in bending strength,11% in bending modulus,and 13%-16% in tensile strength.展开更多
基金supported by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University(QU-APC-2024-9/1).
文摘Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such uncertainties.This study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and AND-operations.Some results related to these operations are also modified for pPyFHSS.Additionally,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and results.Lastly,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested system.The algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical models.Similarly,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison.
文摘This paper introduces fuzzy N-bipolar soft(FN-BS)sets,a novel mathematical framework designed to enhance multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)processes under uncertainty.The study addresses a significant limitation in existing models by unifying fuzzy logic,the consideration of bipolarity,and the ability to evaluate attributes on a multinary scale.The specific contributions of the FN-BS framework include:(1)a formal definition and settheoretic foundation,(2)the development of two innovative algorithms for solving decision-making(DM)problems,and(3)a comparative analysis demonstrating its superiority over established models.The proposed framework is applied to a real-world case study on selecting vaccination programs across multiple countries,showcasing consistent DM outcomes and exceptional adaptability to complex and uncertain scenarios.These results position FN-BS sets as a versatile and powerful tool for addressing dynamic DM challenges.
文摘Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)service providers have become increasingly important in the manufacturing industry due to their ability to gather and process vast amounts of data from connected devices,enabling manufacturers to improve operational efficiency,reduce costs,and enhance product quality.These platforms provide manufacturers with real-time visibility into their production processes and supply chains,allowing them to optimize operations and make informed decisions.In addition,IIoT service providers can help manufacturers create new revenue streams through the development of innovative products and services and enable them to leverage the benefits of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)and machine learning.Overall,the implementation of IIoT platforms in the manufacturing industry is crucial for companies seeking to remain competitive and meet the ever-increasing demands of customers in the digital age.In this study,the evaluation criteria to be considered in the selection of IIoT service provider in small andmedium-sized(SME)manufacturing enterprises will be determined and IIoT service providers alternatives will be evaluated using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method based on circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets.Based on the assessments conducted in accordance with the literature review and expert consultations,a set of 8 selection criteria has been established.These criteria encompass industry expertise,customer support,flexibility and scalability,security,cost-effectiveness,reliability,data analytics,as well as compatibility and usability.Upon evaluating these criteria,it was observed that the security criterion holds the highest significance,succeeded by cost-effectiveness,data analytics,flexibility and scalability,reliability,and customer support criteria,in descending order of importance.Following the evaluation of seven distinct alternatives against these criteria,it was deduced that the A6 alternative,a German service provider,emerged as the most favorable option.The identical issue was addressed utilizing sensitivity analysis alongside various multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)methods,and after comprehensive evaluation,the outcomes were assessed.Spearman’s correlation coefficient was computed to ascertain the association between the rankings derived from solving the problem using diverse MCDM methods.
基金funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)Grant NRF-2022R1C1C1006671.
文摘This socialized environment among educated and developed people causes themto focusmore on their appearance and health,which turns them towards medical-related treatments,leading us to discuss anti-aging treatment methods for each age group,particularly for urban people who are interested in this.Some anti-aging therapies are used to address the alterations brought on by aging in human life without the need for surgery or negative effects.Five anti-aging therapies such as microdermabrasion or dermabrasion,laser resurfacing anti-aging skin treatments,chemical peels,dermal fillers for aged skin,and botox injections are considered in this study.Based on the criteria of safety risk,investment cost,customer happiness,and side effects,the optimal alternative is picked.As a result,a NormalWiggly Hesitant Pythagorean Fuzzy Set(NWHPFS)is constructed and used in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making(MCDM)using traditional wavy mathematical approaches.The entropy approach is utilized to determine weight values,and the Normal Wiggly Hesitant Pythagorean-VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(NWHPF-VIKOR)method is utilized to rank alternatives using MCDM methodologies.Sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis were performed to ensure the robustness and reliability of the proposed method.The smart final choice will undoubtedly assist Decision Makers(DM)in making the right judgments,and the MCDM approach will undoubtedly assist individuals in understanding the medicine.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.RS-2023-00218176)Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)Grant funded by the Korea government(MOTIE)(P0012724)The Competency Development Program for Industry Specialist)and the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.
文摘In this article,multiple attribute decision-making problems are solved using the vague normal set(VNS).It is possible to generalize the vague set(VS)and q-rung fuzzy set(FS)into the q-rung vague set(VS).A log q-rung normal vague weighted averaging(log q-rung NVWA),a log q-rung normal vague weighted geometric(log q-rung NVWG),a log generalized q-rung normal vague weighted averaging(log Gq-rung NVWA),and a log generalized q-rungnormal vagueweightedgeometric(logGq-rungNVWG)operator are discussed in this article.Adescription is provided of the scoring function,accuracy function and operational laws of the log q-rung VS.The algorithms underlying these functions are also described.A numerical example is provided to extend the Euclidean distance and the Humming distance.Additionally,idempotency,boundedness,commutativity,and monotonicity of the log q-rung VS are examined as they facilitate recognizing the optimal alternative more quickly and help clarify conceptualization.We chose five anemia patients with four types of symptoms including seizures,emotional shock or hysteria,brain cause,and high fever,who had either retrograde amnesia,anterograde amnesia,transient global amnesia,post-traumatic amnesia,or infantile amnesia.Natural numbers q are used to express the results of the models.To demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the models we are investigating,we compare several existing models with those that have been developed.
基金funded by King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Green supplier selection is an important debate in green supply chain management(GSCM),attracting global attention from scholars,especially companies and policymakers.Companies frequently search for new ideas and strategies to assist them in realizing sustainable development.Because of the speculative character of human opinions,supplier selection frequently includes unreliable data,and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set(IVPFSS)provides an exceptional capacity to cope with excessive fuzziness,inconsistency,and inexactness through the decision-making procedure.The main goal of this study is to come up with new operational laws for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft numbers(IVPFSNs)and create two interaction operators-the intervalvalued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted average(IVPFSIWA)and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted geometric(IVPFSIWG)operators,and analyze their properties.These operators are highly advantageous in addressing uncertain problems by considering membership and non-membership values within intervals,providing a superior solution to other methods.Moreover,specialist judgments were calculated by the MCGDM technique,supporting the use of interaction AOs to regulate the interdependence and fundamental partiality of green supplier assessment aspects.Lastly,a statistical clarification of the planned method for green supplier selection is presented.
文摘Recently,much interest has been given tomulti-granulation rough sets (MGRS), and various types ofMGRSmodelshave been developed from different viewpoints. In this paper, we introduce two techniques for the classificationof MGRS. Firstly, we generate multi-topologies from multi-relations defined in the universe. Hence, a novelapproximation space is established by leveraging the underlying topological structure. The characteristics of thenewly proposed approximation space are discussed.We introduce an algorithmfor the reduction ofmulti-relations.Secondly, a new approach for the classification ofMGRS based on neighborhood concepts is introduced. Finally, areal-life application from medical records is introduced via our approach to the classification of MGRS.
基金the financial support of Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Coordenacao de Aperfeic oamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brazilian Agencies)。
文摘A segmented basis set of quadruple zeta valence quality plus polarization functions(QZP)for H through Xe was developed to be used in conjunction with the ZORA Hamiltonian.This set was augmented with diffuse functions to describe electrons farther away from the nuclei adequately.Using the ZORA-CCSD(T)/QZP-ZORA theoretical model,atomic ionization energies and bond lengths,harmonic vibrational frequencies,and atomization energies of some molecules were calculated.The addition of core-valence corrections has been shown to improve the agreement between theoretical and experimental results for molecular properties.For atomization energies,a similar observation emerges when considering spin-orbit couplings.With the augmented QZP-ZORA set,static mean dipole polarizabilities of a set of atoms were calculated and compared with previously published recommended and experimental values.Performance evaluations of the ZORA and Douglas–Kroll–Hess Hamiltonians were made for each property studied.
文摘As an extension of overlap functions, pseudo-semi-overlap functions are a crucial class of aggregation functions. Therefore, (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets are introduced, utilizing pseudo-semi-overlap functions, and further extended for applications in image edge extraction. Firstly, a new clustering function, the pseudo-semi-overlap function, is introduced by eliminating the symmetry and right continuity present in the overlap function. The relaxed nature of this function enhances its applicability in image edge extraction. Secondly, the definitions of (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets are provided, using (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets, a pair of new fuzzy mathematical morphological operators (IPSOFMM operators) is proposed. Finally, by combining the fuzzy C-means algorithm and IPSOFMM operators, a novel image edge extraction algorithm (FCM-IPSO algorithm) is proposed and implemented. Compared to existing algorithms, the FCM-IPSO algorithm exhibits more image edges and a 73.81% decrease in the noise introduction rate. The outstanding performance of (I, PSO)-fuzzy rough sets in image edge extraction demonstrates their practical application value.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52370128)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2572022AW54)。
文摘This study identified castor oil and phosphate ester as effective retarders through setting time,tensile,and flexural tests,and determined their optimal dosages.The mechanism by which phosphate ester affects the setting time of polyurethane was further investigated using molecular dynamics simulations.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was also employed to systematically study the physical and chemical interactions between phosphate esters and polyurethane materials.The results demonstrate that a 1%concentration of phosphate ester provides the most effective retarding effect with minimal impact on the strength of polyurethane.When phosphate ester is added to the B component of the two-component polyurethane system,its interaction energy with component A decreases,as do the diffusion coefficient and aggregation degree of component B on the surface of component A.This reduction in interaction slows the setting time.Additionally,the addition of phosphate ester to polyurethane leads to the disappearance or weakening of functional groups,indicating competitive interactions within the phosphate ester components that inhibit the reaction rate.
文摘The dramatic rise in the number of people living in cities has made many environmental and social problems worse.The search for a productive method for disposing of solid waste is the most notable of these problems.Many scholars have referred to it as a fuzzy multi-attribute or multi-criteria decision-making problem using various fuzzy set-like approaches because of the inclusion of criteria and anticipated ambiguity.The goal of the current study is to use an innovative methodology to address the expected uncertainties in the problem of solid waste site selection.The characteristics(or sub-attributes)that decision-makers select and the degree of approximation they accept for various options can both be indicators of these uncertainties.To tackle these problems,a novel mathematical structure known as the fuzzy parameterized possibility single valued neutrosophic hypersoft expert set(ρˆ-set),which is initially described,is integrated with a modified version of Sanchez’s method.Following this,an intelligent algorithm is suggested.The steps of the suggested algorithm are explained with an example that explains itself.The compatibility of solid waste management sites and systems is discussed,and rankings are established along with detailed justifications for their viability.This study’s strengths lie in its application of fuzzy parameterization and possibility grading to effectively handle the uncertainties embodied in the parameters’nature and alternative approximations,respectively.It uses specific mathematical formulations to compute the fuzzy parameterized degrees and possibility grades that are missing from the prior literature.It is simpler for the decisionmakers to look at each option separately because the decision is uncertain.Comparing the computed results,it is discovered that they are consistent and dependable because of their preferred properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42172010,42372071,41102037)。
文摘The Longshan orogenic belt is located in the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin at the junction zone between the Western Qinling and Northern Qilian orogenic belt.Voluminous Early Paleozoic magmatism in this area is of key significance for determining the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution and deep crust-mantle structure.Previous studies mainly focused on the Paleozoic granites;the coeval mafic rocks in this area are still poorly understood.A set of Late Silurian intraplate tholeiitic basalts has been discovered in Longshan area,providing key evidence for the mantle source and deep geodynamic background in this area.The Late Silurian Angou basalt has similar geochemical features as intraplate tholeiitic basalt,with high Na_(2)O/K_(2)O ratios(5.22-8.25),enriched in large ion lithophile elements and LREE.In combination with their relatively evolved Sr-Nd isotopic composition[^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr(i)=0.7128-0.7140;ε_(Nd)(t)=-5.55 to-3.40],it is suggested that it originated from decompression melting of metasomatized enriched mantle in extensional setting.These results indicate that the mantle source in the junction zone of the West Qinling-North Qilian orogenic belt evolved from depleted to enriched with the continuation of Proto-Tethys subduction from the Cambrian to the Silurian.These results are of great significance to understanding the genesis of contemporaneous granite and the crust-mantle interaction in the junction zone between the Western Qinling and Northern Qilian orogenic belt.
文摘Using traditional particle tracking velocimetry based on optical flow for measuring areas with large velocity gradient changes may cause oversmoothing,resulting in significant measurement errors.To address this problem,the traditional particle tracking velocimetry method based on an optical flow was improved.The level set segmentation algorithm was used to obtain the boundary contour of the region with large velocity gradient changes,and the non-uniform flow field was divided into regions according to the boundary contour to obtain sub-regions with uniform velocity distribution.The particle tracking velocimetry method based on optical flow was used to measure the granular flow velocity in each sub-region,thus avoiding the problem of granular flow distribution.The simulation results show that the measurement accuracy of this method is approximately 10%higher than that of traditional methods.The method was applied to a velocity measurement experiment on dense granular flow in silos,and the velocity distribution of the granular flow was obtained,verifying the practicality of the method in granular flow fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92162218,42302101,42202099)the Guizhou Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZK[2023]477)。
文摘Unraveling the precise mineralization age is vital to understand the geodynamic setting and ore-forming mechanism of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposit;this has long been a challenge.The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)triangle in the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block is a globally recognized carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn metallogenic province and also an essential part of the South China low-temperature metallogenic domain.This region has>30 million tons(Mt)Zn and Pb resources and shows the enrichment of dispersed metals,such as Ga,Ge,Cd,Se,and Tl.During the past 2 decades,abundant data on mineralization ages of Pb-Zn deposits within the SYG triangle have been documented based on various radioisotopic dating methods,resulting in significant progress in understanding the geodynamic background and ore formation of Pb-Zn deposits hosted in sedimentary rocks at SYG triangle.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the geochronological results and Pb-Sr isotopic data regarding Pb-Zn deposits in the SYG triangle,which identified two distinct Pb-Zn mineralization periods influencing the dynamic processes associated with the expansion and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the western margin of the Yangtze Block.The predominant phase of Pb-Zn mineralization at SYG triangle spanned from the Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic(226-191 Ma),which was intensely correlated with the large-scale basin fluid transport triggered by the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean and Indosinian orogeny.The secondary Pb-Zn mineralization phase occurred during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous and was controlled by extensional structures associated with the expansion of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.Further investigation is necessary to clarify the occurrence and potential factors involved in the Pb-Zn mineralization events during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous.
基金supported by Ajman University Internal Research Grant No.(DRGS Ref.2024-IRGHBS-3).
文摘Fractional discrete systems can enable the modeling and control of the complicated processes more adaptable through the concept of versatility by providing systemdynamics’descriptions withmore degrees of freedom.Numerical approaches have become necessary and sufficient to be addressed and employed for benefiting from the adaptability of such systems for varied applications.A variety of fractional Layla and Majnun model(LMM)system kinds has been proposed in the current work where some of these systems’key behaviors are addressed.In addition,the necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability and asymptotic stability of the fractional dynamic systems are investigated,as a result of which,the necessary requirements of the LMM to achieve constant and asymptotically steady zero resolutions are provided.As a special case,when Layla and Majnun have equal feelings,we propose an analysis of the system in view of its equilibrium and fixed point sets.Considering that the system has marginal stability if its eigenvalues have both negative and zero real portions,it is demonstrated that the system neither converges nor diverges to a steady trajectory or equilibrium point.It,rather,continues to hover along the line separating stability and instability based on the fractional LMM system.
基金supported by Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.BE2023014-4).
文摘During the automated placement process of dry fibers,the positioning and fixation of dry fiber gauze belts are achieved by spraying setting agents.The amount of the setting agent is difficult to control when it is sprayed manually.Furthermore,it can also affect the permeability of the preform,resin injection and the quality of the vacuum assisted resin infusion(VARI)molding,resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of composite materials.This study utilizes dry fiber automated placement equipment and an automated spraying system to manufacture preform structures,followed by VARI process to prepare composite samples with varying setting agent contents.Subsequently,mechanical characterization including interlaminar shear,bending and tensile testing is conducted to investigate the influence of setting agent content on both the manufacturing process and the mechanical properties of composite products.The results show that the interlaminar shear strength,bending strength and tensile strength of the sample gradually decrease with the increase of the content of the setting agent.The optimal setting agent content for automated laying of dry fiber is determined to be 4%-6%,balancing the preformed body’s layup quality and its impact on mechanical properties.Compared with agent-free samples,this range results in reductions of 3% in interlaminar shear strength,9% in bending strength,11% in bending modulus,and 13%-16% in tensile strength.
