Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)is the largest active fault zone in eastern China.It is characterized by complex tectonic evolution and multiple faults and marks the boundary between the North and South China blocks.An indepth ...Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)is the largest active fault zone in eastern China.It is characterized by complex tectonic evolution and multiple faults and marks the boundary between the North and South China blocks.An indepth understanding of the distinct crustal structures of both parts of the TLFZ will provide valuable insights into the lithospheric and crustal thinning in eastern China,extensive magmatism since the Mesozoic,and formation mechanisms of metallogenic belts along the Yangtze River.In this study,a two-layer H-κstacking approach was adopted to estimate the thicknesses of the sediment and crystalline crust as well as the corresponding vP/vS ratios based on high-quality teleseismic P-wave receiver functions recorded by permanent and temporary stations in and around the TLFZ.The geological units in the study region were delineated,especially the crustal structures beneath extensive sedimentary basins on both sides of the TLFZ.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The crustal thickness in and around the TLFZ greatly varies depending on the segment.In the northern segment,the crust is relatively thin beneath the eastern part of the Songliao Basin,a broad uplift of the Moho can be observed,and the Moho descends from south to north.The crust below the central and southern segments becomes thinner from west to east.The thickness of the crust is less than 30 km toward the eastern side of the boundary between the Jiangsu and Anhui provinces,that is,significantly thinner than in other areas.In terms of the vP/vS ratios,high anomalies were detected in the central-southern segments of the TLFZ,indicating the upwelling of deep mantle magma via deep faults.(2)Positive isostatic gravity anomalies were observed in the eastern part of the northern segment of the TLFZ and in the eastern part of the Suwan segment.The crustal thickness is smaller than that obtained from the Airy model of isostasy.This suggests that the lower crust in this area may have experienced intensive transformation processes,which may be related to crustal thinning(caused by crustal extension)and the strong uplift of the mantle in eastern China.The isostatic gravity anomalies between the eastern and western parts of the TLFZ indicate that the fault zone plays a dominant role in controlling the development of the deep crustal structure.(3)Significant crustal thinning was observed beneath the eastern part of the boundary between the Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in the southern segment of the TLFZ,suggesting that this area is prone to lithospheric thinning of the North China Craton.Due to the subduction,compression,and retreat of the Paleo-Pacific Plate during the Yanshanian Period as well as the dehydration of subducting oceanic crust(within subduction zones),the asthenosphere and oceanic crust in eastern China partially melted,resulting in mantle enrichment.The basic magma from the mantle is accumulated at the base of the crust,leading to magmatic underplating.In areas with weak topography toward the east of the TLFZ,magma rises to the upper crust and surface,resulting in the enrichment of multiple metal deposits in this area.展开更多
We fabricate and characterize Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowires by using the nano meniscus-induced colloidal stacking method. The Au nanoparticle solution ejects with guidance of nanopipette/quartz tuning fork-base...We fabricate and characterize Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowires by using the nano meniscus-induced colloidal stacking method. The Au nanoparticle solution ejects with guidance of nanopipette/quartz tuning fork-based atomic force microscope in ambient conditions, and the stacking particles form Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowire while the nozzle retracts from the surface. Their mechanical properties with relatively low elastic modulus are in situ investigated by using the same apparatus.展开更多
采用多层感知器模型、随机森林模型为第一层子模型,极端树模型为第二层元模型,建立基于Stacking集成机器学习的波浪预报算法,并引入邻域平均法抑制在拐点处产生的数值震荡。以长江口外海2016年1-9月的风速和中国近海波高数据为数据源,...采用多层感知器模型、随机森林模型为第一层子模型,极端树模型为第二层元模型,建立基于Stacking集成机器学习的波浪预报算法,并引入邻域平均法抑制在拐点处产生的数值震荡。以长江口外海2016年1-9月的风速和中国近海波高数据为数据源,利用机器学习风速与有效波高之间的关系,将2016年10-11月的风速、波高数据用于预报结果的对比分析,预报前45 d R^2拟合优度达到0.97以上,平均误差最大值为0.08 m,平均相对误差最大值为0.05,预报结果与波浪谱模型结果趋势一致,准确度较高;预报结果后15 d误差增长较快,这与训练集数据中寒潮浪占比较少有关。展开更多
Molecular dynamics(MD) simulations are performed to investigate the effects of stress on generalized stacking fault(GSF) energy of three fcc metals(Cu, Al, and Ni). The simulation model is deformed by uniaxial tension...Molecular dynamics(MD) simulations are performed to investigate the effects of stress on generalized stacking fault(GSF) energy of three fcc metals(Cu, Al, and Ni). The simulation model is deformed by uniaxial tension or compression in each of [111], [11-2], and [1-10] directions, respectively, before shifting the lattice to calculate the GSF curve. Simulation results show that the values of unstable stacking fault energy(γusf), stable stacking fault energy(γsf), and unstable twin fault energy(γutf) of the three elements can change with the preloaded tensile or compressive stress in different directions.The ratio of γsf/γusf, which is related to the energy barrier for full dislocation nucleation, and the ratio of γutf/γusf, which is related to the energy barrier for twinning formation are plotted each as a function of the preloading stress. The results of this study reveal that the stress state can change the energy barrier of defect nucleation in the crystal lattice, and thereby can play an important role in the deformation mechanism of nanocrystalline material.展开更多
It is necessary to understand the features of air pressure in a drainage stack of a high-rise building for properly designing and operating a drainage system. This paper presents a mathematical model for predicting th...It is necessary to understand the features of air pressure in a drainage stack of a high-rise building for properly designing and operating a drainage system. This paper presents a mathematical model for predicting the stack performance. A step function is used to describe the effect of the air entrainment caused by the water discharged from branch pipes. An additional source term is introduced to reflect the gas-liquid interphase interaction （GLII） and stack base effect. The drainage stack is divided into upper and base parts. The air pressure in the upper part is predicted by a total variation diminishing （TVD） scheme, while in the base part, it is predicted by a characteristic line method （CLM）. The predicted results are compared with the data measured in a real-scale high- rise test building. It is found that the additional source term in the present model is effective. It intensively influences the air pressure distribution in the stack. The air pressure is also sensitive to the velocity-adjusting parameter （VAP）, the branch pipe air entrainment, and the conditions on the stack bottom.展开更多
为提高元分类器的预测精度,在基于分类器类向量输出的Stacking算法基础上,提出一种基于熵权法的堆叠泛化算法E-Stacking (Stacking based entropy),对于基分类器的输出类别,引入一种熵权法ELFMF (label frequency and mistake frequency...为提高元分类器的预测精度,在基于分类器类向量输出的Stacking算法基础上,提出一种基于熵权法的堆叠泛化算法E-Stacking (Stacking based entropy),对于基分类器的输出类别,引入一种熵权法ELFMF (label frequency and mistake frequency based entropy)。通过考虑基分类器预测结果出现的频率及错误率,以及预测结果在各个类别中的分散度,增强多个元分类器成员之间的差异性,增加堆叠算法的泛化效果。实验结果表明,与传统及各种改进的Stacking算法相比,该算法有效提高了预测精度且更具有适用性。展开更多
文摘Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)is the largest active fault zone in eastern China.It is characterized by complex tectonic evolution and multiple faults and marks the boundary between the North and South China blocks.An indepth understanding of the distinct crustal structures of both parts of the TLFZ will provide valuable insights into the lithospheric and crustal thinning in eastern China,extensive magmatism since the Mesozoic,and formation mechanisms of metallogenic belts along the Yangtze River.In this study,a two-layer H-κstacking approach was adopted to estimate the thicknesses of the sediment and crystalline crust as well as the corresponding vP/vS ratios based on high-quality teleseismic P-wave receiver functions recorded by permanent and temporary stations in and around the TLFZ.The geological units in the study region were delineated,especially the crustal structures beneath extensive sedimentary basins on both sides of the TLFZ.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The crustal thickness in and around the TLFZ greatly varies depending on the segment.In the northern segment,the crust is relatively thin beneath the eastern part of the Songliao Basin,a broad uplift of the Moho can be observed,and the Moho descends from south to north.The crust below the central and southern segments becomes thinner from west to east.The thickness of the crust is less than 30 km toward the eastern side of the boundary between the Jiangsu and Anhui provinces,that is,significantly thinner than in other areas.In terms of the vP/vS ratios,high anomalies were detected in the central-southern segments of the TLFZ,indicating the upwelling of deep mantle magma via deep faults.(2)Positive isostatic gravity anomalies were observed in the eastern part of the northern segment of the TLFZ and in the eastern part of the Suwan segment.The crustal thickness is smaller than that obtained from the Airy model of isostasy.This suggests that the lower crust in this area may have experienced intensive transformation processes,which may be related to crustal thinning(caused by crustal extension)and the strong uplift of the mantle in eastern China.The isostatic gravity anomalies between the eastern and western parts of the TLFZ indicate that the fault zone plays a dominant role in controlling the development of the deep crustal structure.(3)Significant crustal thinning was observed beneath the eastern part of the boundary between the Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in the southern segment of the TLFZ,suggesting that this area is prone to lithospheric thinning of the North China Craton.Due to the subduction,compression,and retreat of the Paleo-Pacific Plate during the Yanshanian Period as well as the dehydration of subducting oceanic crust(within subduction zones),the asthenosphere and oceanic crust in eastern China partially melted,resulting in mantle enrichment.The basic magma from the mantle is accumulated at the base of the crust,leading to magmatic underplating.In areas with weak topography toward the east of the TLFZ,magma rises to the upper crust and surface,resulting in the enrichment of multiple metal deposits in this area.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 200983512)Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2013R1A6A3A03063900)the Brain Korea 21
文摘We fabricate and characterize Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowires by using the nano meniscus-induced colloidal stacking method. The Au nanoparticle solution ejects with guidance of nanopipette/quartz tuning fork-based atomic force microscope in ambient conditions, and the stacking particles form Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowire while the nozzle retracts from the surface. Their mechanical properties with relatively low elastic modulus are in situ investigated by using the same apparatus.
文摘采用多层感知器模型、随机森林模型为第一层子模型,极端树模型为第二层元模型,建立基于Stacking集成机器学习的波浪预报算法,并引入邻域平均法抑制在拐点处产生的数值震荡。以长江口外海2016年1-9月的风速和中国近海波高数据为数据源,利用机器学习风速与有效波高之间的关系,将2016年10-11月的风速、波高数据用于预报结果的对比分析,预报前45 d R^2拟合优度达到0.97以上,平均误差最大值为0.08 m,平均相对误差最大值为0.05,预报结果与波浪谱模型结果趋势一致,准确度较高;预报结果后15 d误差增长较快,这与训练集数据中寒潮浪占比较少有关。
基金supported by Australia Research Council Discovery Projects(Grant No.DP130103973)financially supported by the China Scholarship Council(CSC)
文摘Molecular dynamics(MD) simulations are performed to investigate the effects of stress on generalized stacking fault(GSF) energy of three fcc metals(Cu, Al, and Ni). The simulation model is deformed by uniaxial tension or compression in each of [111], [11-2], and [1-10] directions, respectively, before shifting the lattice to calculate the GSF curve. Simulation results show that the values of unstable stacking fault energy(γusf), stable stacking fault energy(γsf), and unstable twin fault energy(γutf) of the three elements can change with the preloaded tensile or compressive stress in different directions.The ratio of γsf/γusf, which is related to the energy barrier for full dislocation nucleation, and the ratio of γutf/γusf, which is related to the energy barrier for twinning formation are plotted each as a function of the preloading stress. The results of this study reveal that the stress state can change the energy barrier of defect nucleation in the crystal lattice, and thereby can play an important role in the deformation mechanism of nanocrystalline material.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10972212)
文摘It is necessary to understand the features of air pressure in a drainage stack of a high-rise building for properly designing and operating a drainage system. This paper presents a mathematical model for predicting the stack performance. A step function is used to describe the effect of the air entrainment caused by the water discharged from branch pipes. An additional source term is introduced to reflect the gas-liquid interphase interaction （GLII） and stack base effect. The drainage stack is divided into upper and base parts. The air pressure in the upper part is predicted by a total variation diminishing （TVD） scheme, while in the base part, it is predicted by a characteristic line method （CLM）. The predicted results are compared with the data measured in a real-scale high- rise test building. It is found that the additional source term in the present model is effective. It intensively influences the air pressure distribution in the stack. The air pressure is also sensitive to the velocity-adjusting parameter （VAP）, the branch pipe air entrainment, and the conditions on the stack bottom.
文摘为提高元分类器的预测精度,在基于分类器类向量输出的Stacking算法基础上,提出一种基于熵权法的堆叠泛化算法E-Stacking (Stacking based entropy),对于基分类器的输出类别,引入一种熵权法ELFMF (label frequency and mistake frequency based entropy)。通过考虑基分类器预测结果出现的频率及错误率,以及预测结果在各个类别中的分散度,增强多个元分类器成员之间的差异性,增加堆叠算法的泛化效果。实验结果表明,与传统及各种改进的Stacking算法相比,该算法有效提高了预测精度且更具有适用性。
