InterRange Instrumentation Group（IRIG-B（AC））code is usually used in the shooting range test for time information transmission and systems time synchronization.According to IRIG-B（AC）code format and modulation pr...InterRange Instrumentation Group（IRIG-B（AC））code is usually used in the shooting range test for time information transmission and systems time synchronization.According to IRIG-B（AC）code format and modulation principle,this paper presents IRIG-B（AC）coding circuit design scheme based on field programmable gate array（FPGA）.The B（AC）code signal is generated by AD7245,a digital-to-analog（D/A）converter.After amplified,the signal can be used directly for system time synchronization,and the amplitude of the signal can be adjusted according to different requirements.The IRIG-B（AC）encoder designed has been verified by test.The test results show that it can output accurate time information and has higher practicality.展开更多
The main objective of this paper is to investigate and analyse the thermo-hydro-mechanical（THM） coupling phenomena and their influences on the repository safety.In this paper,the high-level waste（HLW） disposal con...The main objective of this paper is to investigate and analyse the thermo-hydro-mechanical（THM） coupling phenomena and their influences on the repository safety.In this paper,the high-level waste（HLW） disposal concept in drifts in clay formation with backfilled bentonite buffer is represented numerically using the CODE BRIGHT developed by the Technical University of Catalonia in Barcelona.The parameters of clay and bentonite used in the simulation are determined by laboratory and in situ experiments.The calculation results are presented to show the hydro-mechanical（HM） processes during the operation phase and the THM processes in the after-closure phase.According to the simulation results,the most probable critical processes for the disposal project have been represented and analyzed.The work also provides an input for additional development regarding the design,assessment and validation of the HLW disposal concept.展开更多
The chemistry of sulfur cycle contributes significantly to the atmospheric nucleation process,which is the first step of new particle formation(NPF).In the present study,cycloaddition reaction mechanism of sulfur trio...The chemistry of sulfur cycle contributes significantly to the atmospheric nucleation process,which is the first step of new particle formation(NPF).In the present study,cycloaddition reaction mechanism of sulfur trioxide(SO_(3))to hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)which is a typical air pollutant and toxic gas detrimental to the environment were comprehensively investigate through theoretical calculations and Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code simulations.Gas-phase stability and nucleation potential of the product thiosulfuric acid(H_(2)S_(2)O_(3),TSA)were further analyzed to evaluate its atmospheric impact.Without any catalysts,the H_(2)S+SO_(3)reaction is infeasible with a barrier of 24.2 kcal/mol.Atmospheric nucleation precursors formic acid(FA),sulfuric acid(SA),and water(H_(2)O)could effectively lower the reaction barriers as catalysts,even to a barrierless reaction with the efficiency of cis-SA>trans-FA>trans-SA>H_(2)O.Subsequently,the gas-phase stability of TSA was investigated.A hydrolysis reaction barrier of up to 61.4 kcal/mol alone with an endothermic isomerization reaction barrier of 5.1 kcal/mol under the catalytic effect of SA demonstrates the sufficient stability of TSA.Furthermore,topological and kinetic analysis were conducted to determine the nucleation potential of TSA.Atmospheric clusters formed by TSA and atmospheric nucleation precursors(SA,ammonia NH_(3),and dimethylamine DMA)were thermodynamically stable.Moreover,the gradually decreasing evaporation coefficients for TSA-base clusters,particularly for TSA-DMA,suggests that TSA may participate in NPF where the concentration of base molecules are relatively higher.The present new reaction mechanismmay contributes to a better understanding of atmospheric sulfur cycle and NPF.展开更多
基金The 10th Postgraduate Science and Technology Fund of North University of China(No.20131020)
文摘InterRange Instrumentation Group（IRIG-B（AC））code is usually used in the shooting range test for time information transmission and systems time synchronization.According to IRIG-B（AC）code format and modulation principle,this paper presents IRIG-B（AC）coding circuit design scheme based on field programmable gate array（FPGA）.The B（AC）code signal is generated by AD7245,a digital-to-analog（D/A）converter.After amplified,the signal can be used directly for system time synchronization,and the amplitude of the signal can be adjusted according to different requirements.The IRIG-B（AC）encoder designed has been verified by test.The test results show that it can output accurate time information and has higher practicality.
基金financed and supported by the German research institute "Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) mbH"
文摘The main objective of this paper is to investigate and analyse the thermo-hydro-mechanical（THM） coupling phenomena and their influences on the repository safety.In this paper,the high-level waste（HLW） disposal concept in drifts in clay formation with backfilled bentonite buffer is represented numerically using the CODE BRIGHT developed by the Technical University of Catalonia in Barcelona.The parameters of clay and bentonite used in the simulation are determined by laboratory and in situ experiments.The calculation results are presented to show the hydro-mechanical（HM） processes during the operation phase and the THM processes in the after-closure phase.According to the simulation results,the most probable critical processes for the disposal project have been represented and analyzed.The work also provides an input for additional development regarding the design,assessment and validation of the HLW disposal concept.
基金supported by the Budget Surplus of Central Financial Science and Technology Plan (No.2021-JY-14)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2020M680636)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Scientific Research Institutes of China,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (Nos.2022YSKY-21 and 2022YSKY-27)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41375133)the Science Foundation of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (No.JY-41375133)Tian He Qingsuo Project-special fund project.
文摘The chemistry of sulfur cycle contributes significantly to the atmospheric nucleation process,which is the first step of new particle formation(NPF).In the present study,cycloaddition reaction mechanism of sulfur trioxide(SO_(3))to hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)which is a typical air pollutant and toxic gas detrimental to the environment were comprehensively investigate through theoretical calculations and Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code simulations.Gas-phase stability and nucleation potential of the product thiosulfuric acid(H_(2)S_(2)O_(3),TSA)were further analyzed to evaluate its atmospheric impact.Without any catalysts,the H_(2)S+SO_(3)reaction is infeasible with a barrier of 24.2 kcal/mol.Atmospheric nucleation precursors formic acid(FA),sulfuric acid(SA),and water(H_(2)O)could effectively lower the reaction barriers as catalysts,even to a barrierless reaction with the efficiency of cis-SA>trans-FA>trans-SA>H_(2)O.Subsequently,the gas-phase stability of TSA was investigated.A hydrolysis reaction barrier of up to 61.4 kcal/mol alone with an endothermic isomerization reaction barrier of 5.1 kcal/mol under the catalytic effect of SA demonstrates the sufficient stability of TSA.Furthermore,topological and kinetic analysis were conducted to determine the nucleation potential of TSA.Atmospheric clusters formed by TSA and atmospheric nucleation precursors(SA,ammonia NH_(3),and dimethylamine DMA)were thermodynamically stable.Moreover,the gradually decreasing evaporation coefficients for TSA-base clusters,particularly for TSA-DMA,suggests that TSA may participate in NPF where the concentration of base molecules are relatively higher.The present new reaction mechanismmay contributes to a better understanding of atmospheric sulfur cycle and NPF.
