This paper proposes a gradient conformal design technique to modify the multi-directional stiffness characteristics of 3D printed chiral metamaterials,using various airfoil shapes.The method ensures the integrity of c...This paper proposes a gradient conformal design technique to modify the multi-directional stiffness characteristics of 3D printed chiral metamaterials,using various airfoil shapes.The method ensures the integrity of chiral cell nodal circles while improving load transmission efficiency and enhancing manufacturing precision for 3D printing applications.A parametric design framework,integrating finite element analysis and optimization modules,is developed to enhance the wing’s multidirectional stiffness.The optimization process demonstrates that the distribution of chiral structural ligaments and nodal circles significantly affects wing deformation.The stiffness gradient optimization results reveal a variation of over 78%in tail stiffness performance between the best and worst parameter combinations.Experimental outcomes suggest that this strategy can develop metamaterials with enhanced deformability,offering a promising approach for designing morphing wings.展开更多
Historical architecture is an important carrier of cultural and historical heritage in a country and region,and its protection and restoration work plays a crucial role in the inheritance of cultural heritage.However,...Historical architecture is an important carrier of cultural and historical heritage in a country and region,and its protection and restoration work plays a crucial role in the inheritance of cultural heritage.However,the damage and destruction of buildings urgently need to be repaired due to the ancient age of historical buildings and the influence of natural environment and human factors.Therefore,an artificial intelligence repair technology based on three-dimensional(3D)point cloud(PC)reconstruction and generative adversarial networks(GANs)was proposed to improve the precision and efficiency of repair work.First,in-depth research on the principles and algorithms of 3D PC data processing and GANs should be conducted.Second,a digital restoration frameworkwas constructed by combining these two artificial intelligence technologies to achieve precise and efficient restoration of historical buildings through continuous adversarial learning processes.The experimental results showed that the errors in the restoration of palace buildings,defense walls,pagodas,altars,temples,and mausoleums were 0.17,0.12,0.13,0.11,and 0.09,respectively.The technique can significantly reduce the error while maintaining the high-precision repair effect.This technology with artificial intelligence as the core has excellent accuracy and stability in the digital restoration.It provides a new technical means for the digital restoration of historical buildings and has important practical significance for the protection of cultural heritage.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure(ALF)has a high mortality with widespread hepatocyte death involving ferroptosis and pyroptosis.The silent information regulator sirtuin 1(SIRT1)-mediated deacetylation affects multiple b...BACKGROUND Acute liver failure(ALF)has a high mortality with widespread hepatocyte death involving ferroptosis and pyroptosis.The silent information regulator sirtuin 1(SIRT1)-mediated deacetylation affects multiple biological processes,including cellular senescence,apoptosis,sugar and lipid metabolism,oxidative stress,and inflammation.AIM To investigate the association between ferroptosis and pyroptosis and the upstream regulatory mechanisms.METHODS This study included 30 patients with ALF and 30 healthy individuals who underwent serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)testing.C57BL/6 mice were also intraperitoneally pretreated with SIRT1,p53,or glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)inducers and inhibitors and injected with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-GalN)to induce ALF.Gasdermin D(GSDMD)^(-/-)mice were used as an experimental group.Histological changes in liver tissue were monitored by hematoxylin and eosin staining.ALT,AST,glutathione,reactive oxygen species,and iron levels were measured using commercial kits.Ferroptosis-and pyroptosis-related protein and mRNA expression was detected by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.SIRT1,p53,and GSDMD were assessed by immunofluorescence analysis.RESULTS Serum AST and ALT levels were elevated in patients with ALF.SIRT1,solute carrier family 7a member 11(SLC7A11),and GPX4 protein expression was decreased and acetylated p5,p53,GSDMD,and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4)protein levels were elevated in human ALF liver tissue.In the p53 and ferroptosis inhibitor-treated and GSDMD^(-/-)groups,serum interleukin(IL)-1β,tumour necrosis factor alpha,IL-6,IL-2 and C-C motif ligand 2 levels were decreased and hepatic impairment was mitigated.In mice with GSDMD knockout,p53 was reduced,GPX4 was increased,and ferroptotic events(depletion of SLC7A11,elevation of ACSL4,and iron accumulation)were detected.In vitro,knockdown of p53 and overexpression of GPX4 reduced AST and ALT levels,the cytostatic rate,and GSDMD expression,restoring SLC7A11 depletion.Moreover,SIRT1 agonist and overexpression of SIRT1 alleviated acute liver injury and decreased iron deposition compared with results in the model group,accompanied by reduced p53,GSDMD,and ACSL4,and increased SLC7A11 and GPX4.Inactivation of SIRT1 exacerbated ferroptotic and pyroptotic cell death and aggravated liver injury in LPS/D-GalNinduced in vitro and in vivo models.CONCLUSION SIRT1 activation attenuates LPS/D-GalN-induced ferroptosis and pyroptosis by inhibiting the p53/GPX4/GSDMD signaling pathway in ALF.展开更多
In this editorial we comment on the article published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Acute liver failure(ALF)is a critical condition characterized by rapid hepatocellular injury and organ d...In this editorial we comment on the article published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Acute liver failure(ALF)is a critical condition characterized by rapid hepatocellular injury and organ dysfunction,and it often necessitates liver transplant to ensure patient survival.Recent research has eluci-dated the involvement of distinct cell death pathways,namely ferroptosis and pyroptosis,in the pathogenesis of ALF.Ferroptosis is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation,whereas pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death;both pathways contribute to hepatocyte death and exacerbate tissue damage.This comprehensive review explores the interplay between ferroptosis and pyroptosis in ALF,highlighting the role of key regulators such as silent information regulator sirtuin 1.Insights from clinical and preclinical studies provide valuable perspectives on the dysregulation of cell death pathways in ALF and the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways.Collaboration across multiple disciplines is essential for translating the experimental insights into effective treatments for this life-threatening condition.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52075026 and 52192632)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.YWF-22-L-1119)。
文摘This paper proposes a gradient conformal design technique to modify the multi-directional stiffness characteristics of 3D printed chiral metamaterials,using various airfoil shapes.The method ensures the integrity of chiral cell nodal circles while improving load transmission efficiency and enhancing manufacturing precision for 3D printing applications.A parametric design framework,integrating finite element analysis and optimization modules,is developed to enhance the wing’s multidirectional stiffness.The optimization process demonstrates that the distribution of chiral structural ligaments and nodal circles significantly affects wing deformation.The stiffness gradient optimization results reveal a variation of over 78%in tail stiffness performance between the best and worst parameter combinations.Experimental outcomes suggest that this strategy can develop metamaterials with enhanced deformability,offering a promising approach for designing morphing wings.
基金supported by The Social Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant no.FJ2021B080)The 2023 Fujian Provincial Foreign Cooperation Science and Technology Plan Project(2023I0047)+3 种基金The 2022 Longyan Industry-University-Research Joint Innovation Project(2022LYF18001)The 2023 Fujian Natural Resources Science and Tech-nology Innovation Project(KY-060000-04-2023-2002)Open Project Fund of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing Monitoring of Ecological Environment in Dongting Lake Area(Project No:DTH Key Lab.2023-04)The Construction Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Fujian Province,China(Grant no.2022-K-85).
文摘Historical architecture is an important carrier of cultural and historical heritage in a country and region,and its protection and restoration work plays a crucial role in the inheritance of cultural heritage.However,the damage and destruction of buildings urgently need to be repaired due to the ancient age of historical buildings and the influence of natural environment and human factors.Therefore,an artificial intelligence repair technology based on three-dimensional(3D)point cloud(PC)reconstruction and generative adversarial networks(GANs)was proposed to improve the precision and efficiency of repair work.First,in-depth research on the principles and algorithms of 3D PC data processing and GANs should be conducted.Second,a digital restoration frameworkwas constructed by combining these two artificial intelligence technologies to achieve precise and efficient restoration of historical buildings through continuous adversarial learning processes.The experimental results showed that the errors in the restoration of palace buildings,defense walls,pagodas,altars,temples,and mausoleums were 0.17,0.12,0.13,0.11,and 0.09,respectively.The technique can significantly reduce the error while maintaining the high-precision repair effect.This technology with artificial intelligence as the core has excellent accuracy and stability in the digital restoration.It provides a new technical means for the digital restoration of historical buildings and has important practical significance for the protection of cultural heritage.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82060123Doctoral Start-up Fund of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,No.gysybsky-2021-28+1 种基金Fund Project of Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department,No.[2020]1Y299Guizhou Provincial Health Commission,No.gzwjk2019-1-082。
文摘BACKGROUND Acute liver failure(ALF)has a high mortality with widespread hepatocyte death involving ferroptosis and pyroptosis.The silent information regulator sirtuin 1(SIRT1)-mediated deacetylation affects multiple biological processes,including cellular senescence,apoptosis,sugar and lipid metabolism,oxidative stress,and inflammation.AIM To investigate the association between ferroptosis and pyroptosis and the upstream regulatory mechanisms.METHODS This study included 30 patients with ALF and 30 healthy individuals who underwent serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)testing.C57BL/6 mice were also intraperitoneally pretreated with SIRT1,p53,or glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)inducers and inhibitors and injected with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-GalN)to induce ALF.Gasdermin D(GSDMD)^(-/-)mice were used as an experimental group.Histological changes in liver tissue were monitored by hematoxylin and eosin staining.ALT,AST,glutathione,reactive oxygen species,and iron levels were measured using commercial kits.Ferroptosis-and pyroptosis-related protein and mRNA expression was detected by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.SIRT1,p53,and GSDMD were assessed by immunofluorescence analysis.RESULTS Serum AST and ALT levels were elevated in patients with ALF.SIRT1,solute carrier family 7a member 11(SLC7A11),and GPX4 protein expression was decreased and acetylated p5,p53,GSDMD,and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4)protein levels were elevated in human ALF liver tissue.In the p53 and ferroptosis inhibitor-treated and GSDMD^(-/-)groups,serum interleukin(IL)-1β,tumour necrosis factor alpha,IL-6,IL-2 and C-C motif ligand 2 levels were decreased and hepatic impairment was mitigated.In mice with GSDMD knockout,p53 was reduced,GPX4 was increased,and ferroptotic events(depletion of SLC7A11,elevation of ACSL4,and iron accumulation)were detected.In vitro,knockdown of p53 and overexpression of GPX4 reduced AST and ALT levels,the cytostatic rate,and GSDMD expression,restoring SLC7A11 depletion.Moreover,SIRT1 agonist and overexpression of SIRT1 alleviated acute liver injury and decreased iron deposition compared with results in the model group,accompanied by reduced p53,GSDMD,and ACSL4,and increased SLC7A11 and GPX4.Inactivation of SIRT1 exacerbated ferroptotic and pyroptotic cell death and aggravated liver injury in LPS/D-GalNinduced in vitro and in vivo models.CONCLUSION SIRT1 activation attenuates LPS/D-GalN-induced ferroptosis and pyroptosis by inhibiting the p53/GPX4/GSDMD signaling pathway in ALF.
基金Supported by China Medical University,No.CMU111-MF-10.
文摘In this editorial we comment on the article published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Acute liver failure(ALF)is a critical condition characterized by rapid hepatocellular injury and organ dysfunction,and it often necessitates liver transplant to ensure patient survival.Recent research has eluci-dated the involvement of distinct cell death pathways,namely ferroptosis and pyroptosis,in the pathogenesis of ALF.Ferroptosis is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation,whereas pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death;both pathways contribute to hepatocyte death and exacerbate tissue damage.This comprehensive review explores the interplay between ferroptosis and pyroptosis in ALF,highlighting the role of key regulators such as silent information regulator sirtuin 1.Insights from clinical and preclinical studies provide valuable perspectives on the dysregulation of cell death pathways in ALF and the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways.Collaboration across multiple disciplines is essential for translating the experimental insights into effective treatments for this life-threatening condition.
