<div style="text-align:justify;"> Currently, coupled mode theory (CMT) is widely used for calculating the coupling coefficient of twin-core fibers (TCFs) that are used in a broad range of important app...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Currently, coupled mode theory (CMT) is widely used for calculating the coupling coefficient of twin-core fibers (TCFs) that are used in a broad range of important applications. This approach is highly accurate for scenarios with weak coupling between the cores but shows significant errors in the strong coupling scenarios, necessitating the use of a more accurate method for coupling coefficient calculations. Therefore, in this work, we calculate the coupling coefficients of TCFs using the supermode theory with finite element method (FEM) that has higher accuracy than CMT, particularly for the strong coupling TCF. To investigate the origin of the differences between the results obtained by these two methods, the modal field distributions of the supermodes of TCF are simulated and analyzed in detail. </div>展开更多
Skeletal muscles are essential for locomotion,posture,and metabolic regulation.To understand physiological processes,exercise adaptation,and muscle-related disorders,it is critical to understand the molecular pathways...Skeletal muscles are essential for locomotion,posture,and metabolic regulation.To understand physiological processes,exercise adaptation,and muscle-related disorders,it is critical to understand the molecular pathways that underlie skeletal muscle function.The process of muscle contra ction,orchestrated by a complex interplay of molecular events,is at the core of skeletal muscle function.Muscle contraction is initiated by an action potential and neuromuscular transmission requiring a neuromuscular junction.Within muscle fibers,calcium ions play a critical role in mediating the interaction between actin and myosin filaments that generate force.Regulation of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in excitation-contraction coupling.The development and growth of skeletal muscle are regulated by a network of molecular pathways collectively known as myogenesis.Myogenic regulators coordinate the diffe rentiation of myoblasts into mature muscle fibers.Signaling pathways regulate muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy in response to mechanical stimuli and nutrient availability.Seve ral muscle-related diseases,including congenital myasthenic disorders,sarcopenia,muscular dystrophies,and metabolic myopathies,are underpinned by dys regulated molecular pathways in skeletal muscle.Therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving muscle mass and function,enhancing regeneration,and improving metabolic health hold promise by targeting specific molecular pathways.Other molecular signaling pathways in skeletal muscle include the canonical Wnt signaling pathway,a critical regulator of myogenesis,muscle regeneration,and metabolic function,and the Hippo signaling pathway.In recent years,more details have been uncovered about the role of these two pathways during myogenesis and in developing and adult skeletal muscle fibers,and at the neuromuscular junction.In fact,research in the last few years now suggests that these two signaling pathways are interconnected and that they jointly control physiological and pathophysiological processes in muscle fibers.In this review,we will summarize and discuss the data on these two pathways,focusing on their concerted action next to their contribution to skeletal muscle biology.However,an in-depth discussion of the noncanonical Wnt pathway,the fibro/a dipogenic precursors,or the mechanosensory aspects of these pathways is not the focus of this review.展开更多
A simple configuration for the generation of a switchable dual-wavelength fiber ring laser is presented.The proposed configuration employs a short twin-core photonic crystal fiber acting as a Mach–Zehnder interferome...A simple configuration for the generation of a switchable dual-wavelength fiber ring laser is presented.The proposed configuration employs a short twin-core photonic crystal fiber acting as a Mach–Zehnder interferometer at room temperature.A polarization controller is further utilized to enable switchable dualwavelength operation.展开更多
The paper introduces in detail the achievements, present situation and developmental prospect of China in non-timber fiber (such as bamboo, wheat straw, reed and sugar cane bagasse etc) pulping and alkali recovery.
A single-mode-few-mode-thin-core-single-mode(SFTS) structure based optical fiber sensor is fabricated and experimentally studied. The sensing principle relies on the inter-modal interference. Since the core diameter o...A single-mode-few-mode-thin-core-single-mode(SFTS) structure based optical fiber sensor is fabricated and experimentally studied. The sensing principle relies on the inter-modal interference. Since the core diameter of few-mode fiber(FMF) is larger than that of single-mode fiber(SMF), the FMF helps to allow more light to enter the cladding of thin-core fiber(TCF), which helps TCF to excite cladding modes. The interference between core and cladding modes in TCF occurs at the joint of lead-out SMF and TCF. Experimental results demonstrate a refractive index(RI) sensitivity of-103.34 nm/RIU and a temperature sensitivity of 0.05 nm/℃. The proposed sensor not only can measure temperature, but also can measure RI. In addition, the proposed sensor is simple for without complicated fabrication process.展开更多
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Currently, coupled mode theory (CMT) is widely used for calculating the coupling coefficient of twin-core fibers (TCFs) that are used in a broad range of important applications. This approach is highly accurate for scenarios with weak coupling between the cores but shows significant errors in the strong coupling scenarios, necessitating the use of a more accurate method for coupling coefficient calculations. Therefore, in this work, we calculate the coupling coefficients of TCFs using the supermode theory with finite element method (FEM) that has higher accuracy than CMT, particularly for the strong coupling TCF. To investigate the origin of the differences between the results obtained by these two methods, the modal field distributions of the supermodes of TCF are simulated and analyzed in detail. </div>
基金supported by the German Research Council(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,HA3309/3-1/2,HA3309/6-1,HA3309/7-1)。
文摘Skeletal muscles are essential for locomotion,posture,and metabolic regulation.To understand physiological processes,exercise adaptation,and muscle-related disorders,it is critical to understand the molecular pathways that underlie skeletal muscle function.The process of muscle contra ction,orchestrated by a complex interplay of molecular events,is at the core of skeletal muscle function.Muscle contraction is initiated by an action potential and neuromuscular transmission requiring a neuromuscular junction.Within muscle fibers,calcium ions play a critical role in mediating the interaction between actin and myosin filaments that generate force.Regulation of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in excitation-contraction coupling.The development and growth of skeletal muscle are regulated by a network of molecular pathways collectively known as myogenesis.Myogenic regulators coordinate the diffe rentiation of myoblasts into mature muscle fibers.Signaling pathways regulate muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy in response to mechanical stimuli and nutrient availability.Seve ral muscle-related diseases,including congenital myasthenic disorders,sarcopenia,muscular dystrophies,and metabolic myopathies,are underpinned by dys regulated molecular pathways in skeletal muscle.Therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving muscle mass and function,enhancing regeneration,and improving metabolic health hold promise by targeting specific molecular pathways.Other molecular signaling pathways in skeletal muscle include the canonical Wnt signaling pathway,a critical regulator of myogenesis,muscle regeneration,and metabolic function,and the Hippo signaling pathway.In recent years,more details have been uncovered about the role of these two pathways during myogenesis and in developing and adult skeletal muscle fibers,and at the neuromuscular junction.In fact,research in the last few years now suggests that these two signaling pathways are interconnected and that they jointly control physiological and pathophysiological processes in muscle fibers.In this review,we will summarize and discuss the data on these two pathways,focusing on their concerted action next to their contribution to skeletal muscle biology.However,an in-depth discussion of the noncanonical Wnt pathway,the fibro/a dipogenic precursors,or the mechanosensory aspects of these pathways is not the focus of this review.
基金Financial support for this work was provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals under Grant No.FT121004
文摘A simple configuration for the generation of a switchable dual-wavelength fiber ring laser is presented.The proposed configuration employs a short twin-core photonic crystal fiber acting as a Mach–Zehnder interferometer at room temperature.A polarization controller is further utilized to enable switchable dualwavelength operation.
文摘The paper introduces in detail the achievements, present situation and developmental prospect of China in non-timber fiber (such as bamboo, wheat straw, reed and sugar cane bagasse etc) pulping and alkali recovery.
基金supported by the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.17JCYBJC16600)the Opened Fund of the State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics(No.IOSKL2015KF06)the National Natural Science Foundation for Youth(No.11704283)
文摘A single-mode-few-mode-thin-core-single-mode(SFTS) structure based optical fiber sensor is fabricated and experimentally studied. The sensing principle relies on the inter-modal interference. Since the core diameter of few-mode fiber(FMF) is larger than that of single-mode fiber(SMF), the FMF helps to allow more light to enter the cladding of thin-core fiber(TCF), which helps TCF to excite cladding modes. The interference between core and cladding modes in TCF occurs at the joint of lead-out SMF and TCF. Experimental results demonstrate a refractive index(RI) sensitivity of-103.34 nm/RIU and a temperature sensitivity of 0.05 nm/℃. The proposed sensor not only can measure temperature, but also can measure RI. In addition, the proposed sensor is simple for without complicated fabrication process.
