CBS(case based study)是以病例为引导的教学法。伤寒学教学应提倡传统教学与CBS教学的有机结合与优势互补。CBS能提高学生自学能力和临床思辨能力,有利于医学生多种能力的锻炼,同时也有利于教师素质的提高。其病例的选择来源渠道甚广,...CBS(case based study)是以病例为引导的教学法。伤寒学教学应提倡传统教学与CBS教学的有机结合与优势互补。CBS能提高学生自学能力和临床思辨能力,有利于医学生多种能力的锻炼,同时也有利于教师素质的提高。其病例的选择来源渠道甚广,应针对明确的教学目标,通过巧妙设计问题激发学生学习中医的兴趣。通过多种形式的反馈可以发现教学过程中的薄弱环节以及今后改革的方向等。展开更多
The paper is dealing with the design and development of a knowledge management （KM） system in radiology dedicated for learning and training to support radiologists in senology in the detection of breast cancer. The ...The paper is dealing with the design and development of a knowledge management （KM） system in radiology dedicated for learning and training to support radiologists in senology in the detection of breast cancer. The work has been performed in cooperation with the department of radiology of Gustave Roussy Institute in Paris （Villejuif）. It provides a case-based reasoning system to support diagnosis by finding similar cases to the case at hand. The outcome of the research effort is both conceptual and practical. It has also a methodological dimension. Conceptually, the paper contributes to the breast cancer diagnosis domain by defining an ontology and a conceptual model for representing cases which are generic solutions reusable in many different settings. It contributes to the case-based reasoning （CBR） field in two ways （1） by defining a case representation model, and （2） a retrieval algorithm which exploits the case representation model structure to find similar cases by aggregating similar cases. Last but not least, the research has a methodological contribution by which the retrieval algorithm is embedded in a broader process perspective including the capture of the actual case, the case-based reasoning related to this case and the support to decision-making by adapting the retrieved case. An interesting aspect of the process model is its intentional dimension which makes possible the representation of different ways to achieve the result. The research will be illustrated by a case study based on real clinical cases （n = 40） of patients provided by Dr. Corinne Balleyguier.展开更多
The feature selection in analogy-based software effort estimation （ASEE） is formulized as a multi-objective optimization problem. One objective is designed to maximize the effort estimation accuracy and the other ob...The feature selection in analogy-based software effort estimation （ASEE） is formulized as a multi-objective optimization problem. One objective is designed to maximize the effort estimation accuracy and the other objective is designed to minimize the number of selected features. Based on these two potential conflict objectives, a novel wrapper- based feature selection method, multi-objective feature selection for analogy-based software effort estimation （MASE）, is proposed. In the empirical studies, 77 projects in Desharnais and 62 projects in Maxwell from the real world are selected as the evaluation objects and the proposed method MASE is compared with some baseline methods. Final results show that the proposed method can achieve better performance by selecting fewer features when considering MMRE （mean magnitude of relative error）, MdMRE （median magnitude of relative error）, PRED （ 0. 25 ）, and SA （ standardized accuracy） performance metrics.展开更多
Background Aims:To summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of folate metabolism genes from parents and children and risk of congenital heart diseases(CHDs)b...Background Aims:To summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of folate metabolism genes from parents and children and risk of congenital heart diseases(CHDs)by a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods and results:Pub Med,Embase,Google Scholar,Cochrane Libraries,and Chinese databases were searched to identify potential studies through July2021 For mothers,the polymorphisms of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase(MTHFR)at rs1801133 and rs1801131 were significantly associated with risk of CHDs in the homozygote comparisons(T/T vs C/C at rs1801133:OR:1.50,95%CI:1.31-1.71;C/C vs A/A at rs1801131:OR:1.39,95%CI:1.04-1.86).For fathers,the polymorphisms of MTHFR at rs1801133 were significantly associated with risk of CHDs in the heterozygote comparisons(C/T vs C/C:OR:1.26,95%CI:1.04-1.53).For children,the polymorphisms of MTHFR at rs1801133(T/T vs C/C:OR:2.05,95%CI:1.57-2.66),rs1801131(A/C vs A/A:OR:1.32,95%CI:1.06-1.63),and rs2274976(G/A vs G/G:OR:0.75,95%CI:0.61-0.92),and methionine synthase reductase(MSR)at rs1801394(G/G vs A/A:OR:1.85,95%CI:1.21-2.85)and rs1532268(T/T vs C/C:OR:2.44,95%CI:1.15-5.21;C/T vs C/C:OR:1.53,95%CI:1.11-2.10).This review also assessed the risk of specific CHD subtypes associated with folate metabolism gene SNPs of children.Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis.Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results.No evidence of publication bias was observed.Conclusions:The present study indicates that polymorphisms of maternal MTHFR at rs1801133 and rs1801131,parental MTHFR at rs1801133,as well as children’s MTHFR at rs1801133,rs1801131 and rs2274976,and MSR at rs1801394 and rs1532268 are significantly associated with risk of CHDs.展开更多
The continuing emergence of sudden financial crises and the bankruptcy of Big banks audited by the‘Big Four’auditors confirms that the external audit quality(EAQ)always remains insufficient compared to the desired q...The continuing emergence of sudden financial crises and the bankruptcy of Big banks audited by the‘Big Four’auditors confirms that the external audit quality(EAQ)always remains insufficient compared to the desired quality.The quality weakness is due either to the bad audit company choice,although their sizes,or to the disrespect of the good audit rules.Because there is a lack of comparative studies in the framework of conventional and Islamic banks,this paper aims to compare the impact of EAQ on the financial performance(FP)of 180 conventional banks and 180 Islamic banks.FP and EAQ variables are collected from 56 countries over the period(2010-2020).To overcome the mystery of the best EAQ selection based on its impact on FP,this paper relied on the GLS estimator.Consequently,this paper concluded that the EAQ affected the conventional banks’FP,but it improved that of Islamic banks with a moderate impact.展开更多
文摘CBS(case based study)是以病例为引导的教学法。伤寒学教学应提倡传统教学与CBS教学的有机结合与优势互补。CBS能提高学生自学能力和临床思辨能力,有利于医学生多种能力的锻炼,同时也有利于教师素质的提高。其病例的选择来源渠道甚广,应针对明确的教学目标,通过巧妙设计问题激发学生学习中医的兴趣。通过多种形式的反馈可以发现教学过程中的薄弱环节以及今后改革的方向等。
文摘The paper is dealing with the design and development of a knowledge management （KM） system in radiology dedicated for learning and training to support radiologists in senology in the detection of breast cancer. The work has been performed in cooperation with the department of radiology of Gustave Roussy Institute in Paris （Villejuif）. It provides a case-based reasoning system to support diagnosis by finding similar cases to the case at hand. The outcome of the research effort is both conceptual and practical. It has also a methodological dimension. Conceptually, the paper contributes to the breast cancer diagnosis domain by defining an ontology and a conceptual model for representing cases which are generic solutions reusable in many different settings. It contributes to the case-based reasoning （CBR） field in two ways （1） by defining a case representation model, and （2） a retrieval algorithm which exploits the case representation model structure to find similar cases by aggregating similar cases. Last but not least, the research has a methodological contribution by which the retrieval algorithm is embedded in a broader process perspective including the capture of the actual case, the case-based reasoning related to this case and the support to decision-making by adapting the retrieved case. An interesting aspect of the process model is its intentional dimension which makes possible the representation of different ways to achieve the result. The research will be illustrated by a case study based on real clinical cases （n = 40） of patients provided by Dr. Corinne Balleyguier.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61602267,61202006)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology at Nanjing University(No.KFKT2016B18)
文摘The feature selection in analogy-based software effort estimation （ASEE） is formulized as a multi-objective optimization problem. One objective is designed to maximize the effort estimation accuracy and the other objective is designed to minimize the number of selected features. Based on these two potential conflict objectives, a novel wrapper- based feature selection method, multi-objective feature selection for analogy-based software effort estimation （MASE）, is proposed. In the empirical studies, 77 projects in Desharnais and 62 projects in Maxwell from the real world are selected as the evaluation objects and the proposed method MASE is compared with some baseline methods. Final results show that the proposed method can achieve better performance by selecting fewer features when considering MMRE （mean magnitude of relative error）, MdMRE （median magnitude of relative error）, PRED （ 0. 25 ）, and SA （ standardized accuracy） performance metrics.
基金supported by the Project Funded by National Key Research and Development Project(No.2018YFE0114500)National Natural Science Foundation Program of China(No.82073653 and 81803313)+5 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M682644)Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Talent Support Project(No.2020TJ-N07)Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2018SK2063,No.2018SK2064)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2018JJ2551)Open Project from NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention(No.KF2020006)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(No.2020A1414010152)。
文摘Background Aims:To summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of folate metabolism genes from parents and children and risk of congenital heart diseases(CHDs)by a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods and results:Pub Med,Embase,Google Scholar,Cochrane Libraries,and Chinese databases were searched to identify potential studies through July2021 For mothers,the polymorphisms of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase(MTHFR)at rs1801133 and rs1801131 were significantly associated with risk of CHDs in the homozygote comparisons(T/T vs C/C at rs1801133:OR:1.50,95%CI:1.31-1.71;C/C vs A/A at rs1801131:OR:1.39,95%CI:1.04-1.86).For fathers,the polymorphisms of MTHFR at rs1801133 were significantly associated with risk of CHDs in the heterozygote comparisons(C/T vs C/C:OR:1.26,95%CI:1.04-1.53).For children,the polymorphisms of MTHFR at rs1801133(T/T vs C/C:OR:2.05,95%CI:1.57-2.66),rs1801131(A/C vs A/A:OR:1.32,95%CI:1.06-1.63),and rs2274976(G/A vs G/G:OR:0.75,95%CI:0.61-0.92),and methionine synthase reductase(MSR)at rs1801394(G/G vs A/A:OR:1.85,95%CI:1.21-2.85)and rs1532268(T/T vs C/C:OR:2.44,95%CI:1.15-5.21;C/T vs C/C:OR:1.53,95%CI:1.11-2.10).This review also assessed the risk of specific CHD subtypes associated with folate metabolism gene SNPs of children.Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis.Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results.No evidence of publication bias was observed.Conclusions:The present study indicates that polymorphisms of maternal MTHFR at rs1801133 and rs1801131,parental MTHFR at rs1801133,as well as children’s MTHFR at rs1801133,rs1801131 and rs2274976,and MSR at rs1801394 and rs1532268 are significantly associated with risk of CHDs.
文摘The continuing emergence of sudden financial crises and the bankruptcy of Big banks audited by the‘Big Four’auditors confirms that the external audit quality(EAQ)always remains insufficient compared to the desired quality.The quality weakness is due either to the bad audit company choice,although their sizes,or to the disrespect of the good audit rules.Because there is a lack of comparative studies in the framework of conventional and Islamic banks,this paper aims to compare the impact of EAQ on the financial performance(FP)of 180 conventional banks and 180 Islamic banks.FP and EAQ variables are collected from 56 countries over the period(2010-2020).To overcome the mystery of the best EAQ selection based on its impact on FP,this paper relied on the GLS estimator.Consequently,this paper concluded that the EAQ affected the conventional banks’FP,but it improved that of Islamic banks with a moderate impact.
