Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term foll...Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term follow-up and preliminarily explore the relationship between maternal body weight and human milk composition,including macronutrients,leptin,and adiponectin.Methods:The study included a longitudinal cohort(122 mothers),and a cross-sectional cohort(37 mothers).The human milk,maternal weight,and dietary surveys were collected in the longitudinal cohort at different follow-up time points(1-14 days postpartum,2-4 months postpartum,5-7 months postpartum,and 12-17 months postpartum).The maternal body weight was analyzed using the responses in the survey questionnaires.A milk analyzer based on the mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)was used to determine milk composition,and nutrition analysis software evaluated dietary intakes.In the cross-sectional cohort,participating mothers were asked to provide blood and human milk samples and pertinent information related to maternal body composition.Maternal body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),while ELISA analyzed leptin and adiponectin in milk and serum.Results:At 5-7 months postpartum,the PPWR of breastfeeding mothers was(2.46±3.59)kg.At 12-17 months postpartum,the PPWR was(0.98±4.06)kg.PPWR was found to be negatively correlated with milk fat content within 14 days postpartum and positively correlated at 2-4 months postpartum.In addition,the maternal weight and body muscle mass were positively correlated with leptin and adiponectin in milk.Plasma leptin was positively correlated with the mother’s body weight,body mass index(BMI),FAT percentage,and body fat mass,while plasma adiponectin did not correlate with any parameter.The results also indicate that the PPWR did not correlate with leptin and adiponectin in plasma or milk.Conclusions:Breastfeeding mothers may retain considerable weight gain one year after delivery.Human milk composition may be related to changes in maternal body weight.Leptin and adiponectin in breast milk and leptin in plasma are associated with the maternal body composition.This study supports the notion that maternal nutritional status may affect offspring health through lactation,and future research should focus on exploring weight management of postpartum mothers.展开更多
Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating glia.In the central nervous system,this role is taken u...Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating glia.In the central nervous system,this role is taken up by oligodendrocytes.Oligodendrocytes are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal stages.While the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor pool.Therefore,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely regulated.Different transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling pathways.How the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental cues.Relevant insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).展开更多
Travel broadens the mind.And now travelers can broaden their minds by exploring the amazing geographical,cultural and culinary diversity that China offers,facilitated by the new visa-free transit policy.With visitors ...Travel broadens the mind.And now travelers can broaden their minds by exploring the amazing geographical,cultural and culinary diversity that China offers,facilitated by the new visa-free transit policy.With visitors from 54 countries now able to stay in China for 10 days in transit without a visa and travel further in the country,“China travel”has gained new traction.展开更多
The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization,which was adopted at the third plenary session of the 20th Central C...The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization,which was adopted at the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,mentioned the promotion of the debut economy.This is the first time the debut economy has been mentioned at the central level.According to the Central Economic Work Conference that was held earlier,it is imperative to promote consumption,and actively develop the debut economy,the ice and snow economy and the silver economy,clarifying the sectors where consumption is encouraged.The debut economy ranks first,owing to the high amount of attention gained from the central government.What is the debut economy and what are its major characteristics?展开更多
Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve The Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve,located in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,is a vital sanctuary dedicated to protecting rare birds and the interconnected ecosy...Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve The Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve,located in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,is a vital sanctuary dedicated to protecting rare birds and the interconnected ecosystems of lakes,rivers,wetlands,and grasslands.Established in 1986,it gained international recognition in 2002 as both a Wetland of International Importance and a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.展开更多
It's an honor and a pleasure to contribute to the volume honoring Professor Delin Ren's 90th birthday.I've already benefited from the experience in multiple ways,even before the contents have been finalize...It's an honor and a pleasure to contribute to the volume honoring Professor Delin Ren's 90th birthday.I've already benefited from the experience in multiple ways,even before the contents have been finalized.One important dividend I gained is a broader and clearer understanding and perspective of this distinguished academician.展开更多
Jerched on the 18th parallel north-often called the“golden latitude”for its optimal climate and environment conditions,shared by renowned attractions like Bali in Indonesia,the Maldives,and Hawaii of the United Sta...Jerched on the 18th parallel north-often called the“golden latitude”for its optimal climate and environment conditions,shared by renowned attractions like Bali in Indonesia,the Maldives,and Hawaii of the United States—the southernmost Chinese island province of Hainan has,over the past few decades,garnered national acclaim for its thriving tourism,senior healthcare and cultural sectors.Recently,Hainan has also gained attention as a burgeoning hub for international education within China.展开更多
With its extraordinary music performance and thrilling competition,the Singer 2024 TV programme won the hearts of audiences in Ghana,shortly after the nine-episode singing competition on Hunan Satellite TV gained wide...With its extraordinary music performance and thrilling competition,the Singer 2024 TV programme won the hearts of audiences in Ghana,shortly after the nine-episode singing competition on Hunan Satellite TV gained widespread attention in China.展开更多
Weizhou Island,located in Beihai,Guangxi Province,is recognized as the largest paleovolcanic island in China,characterized by its relatively young geological age.The development of island tourism has progressively est...Weizhou Island,located in Beihai,Guangxi Province,is recognized as the largest paleovolcanic island in China,characterized by its relatively young geological age.The development of island tourism has progressively established it as a significant tourist attraction within Beihai,transforming the area into a prominent leisure and tourism resort.As tourism on Weizhou Island continues to develop both in scope and in depth,it has increasingly influenced the sense of gain among the local community residents.Currently,in alignment with the strategic objective of achieving common prosperity,it is crucial to comprehend and enhance the sense of gain experienced by residents in island tourism destinations,as this is vital for the achievement of this overarching goal.Taking the residents of Weizhou Island in Beihai as the subjects,this paper constructs their sense of gain related to tourism,employing grounded theory.It posits that the residents’sense of gain comprises four primary dimensions:sense of economic gain,sense of social gain,sense of cultural gain,and sense of environmental gain.Additionally,the paper examines the factors that influence these dimensions.Based on this foundation,effective strategies are proposed to enhance the sense of gain among community residents in island tourism destinations,thereby promoting the sustainable development of island tourism.展开更多
Objectives:This study was conducted to determine the effect of multidisciplinary nursing intervention(MNI)on interdialytic weight gain(IDWG)and quality of life(QoL)among chronic hemodialysis patients.Materials and Met...Objectives:This study was conducted to determine the effect of multidisciplinary nursing intervention(MNI)on interdialytic weight gain(IDWG)and quality of life(QoL)among chronic hemodialysis patients.Materials and Methods:Quantitative research approach with randomized-controlled,single-blind trial was conducted among 120 chronic hemodialysis patients in Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital Bhubaneswar,Odisha,India from February 2023 to February 2024.Participants were randomly assigned into the experimental group(n1=65)and control group(n2=55)by block randomization methods.The experimental group received the intervention phase up to the 6th week,along with the usual treatment,and the control group received only standard treatment up to the end of the study.After that,they received the diet chart plan and fluid distribution timetable.Results:Significant improvements were found in IDWG and QoL for the experimental group.The experimental group exhibited a sharp decline in weight gain within the group(F=20.05,P<0.001)between the group(F=13.02,P<0.001),interaction effects between the groups across the time point(F=5.67,P<0.005).Kidney disease QoL scores(KDQOL^(™)36)increased from 49.38±9.56 to 58.63±6.04 in the experimental group,compared to an increase from 50.84±9.25 to 52.04±8.02 in the control group.Conclusion:This trial showed that MNIs significantly reduced IDWG and improved KDQOL^(™)36 scores,with the experimental group outperforming the control,highlighting the intervention’s effectiveness.展开更多
Vibration-induced bias deviation,which is generated by intensity fluctuations and additional phase differences,is one of the vital errors for fiber optic gyroscopes(FOGs)operating in vibration environment and has seve...Vibration-induced bias deviation,which is generated by intensity fluctuations and additional phase differences,is one of the vital errors for fiber optic gyroscopes(FOGs)operating in vibration environment and has severely restricted the applications of high-precision FOGs.The conventional methods for suppressing vibration-induced errors mostly concentrate on reinforcing the mechanical structure and optical path as well as the compensation under some specific operation parameters,which have very limited effects for high-precision FOGs maintaining performances under vibration.In this work,a technique of suppressing the vibration-induced bias deviation through removing the part related to the varying gain from the rotation-rate output is put forward.Particularly,the loop gain is extracted out by adding a gain-monitoring wave.By demodulating the loop gain and the rotation rate simultaneously under distinct frequencies and investigating their quantitative relationship,the vibrationinduced bias error is compensated without limiting the operating parameters or environments,like the applied modulation depth.The experimental results show that the proposed method has achieved the reduction of bias error from about 0.149°/h to0.014°/h during the random vibration with frequencies from20 Hz to 2000 Hz.This technique provides a feasible route for enhancing the performances of high-precision FOGs heading towards high environmental adaptability.展开更多
African swine fever(ASF)is one of the most devastating diseases in pigs and is caused by the ASFvirus(ASFV).Since its first discovery in1921 in Kenya,ASFV has spread from Africa to other parts of the world,causing sev...African swine fever(ASF)is one of the most devastating diseases in pigs and is caused by the ASFvirus(ASFV).Since its first discovery in1921 in Kenya,ASFV has spread from Africa to other parts of the world,causing severe economic losses to the pork industry.Scientists have studied ASF for over 100 years,and many governments have tried to eradicate the disease.Nonetheless,approaches to effectively control ASF are still lacking.In recent years,ASF outbreaks have been reported in China,Belgium,Germany,Italy and many other Asian and European countries.Studies on this disease have gained new popularity.Under this background,we are organizing the special issue"African swine fever"to collect the most recent knowledge on this disease.展开更多
In this study, we assessed the variability in pod, seed traits and oil content of 24 accessions of Pongamia pinnata collected from different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The experiment was conducte...In this study, we assessed the variability in pod, seed traits and oil content of 24 accessions of Pongamia pinnata collected from different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The experiment was conducted at the Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair during 2010 to 2011. The variability studies for pod and seed traits revealed that, the accession CPT-6 collected from New Wandoor in South Andaman recorded the maximum values for eight traits viz. pod length （75.51 mm）, pod width （34.62 mm）, pod thickness （17.55 mm）, 100 pod weight （770.33 g）, seed width （21.23 mm）, 100 seed weight （377.00 g）, oil percentage （43.92%） and germination percentage （94.7%）. However, the maximum seed length （26.46 mm） was recorded from CPT 2 and the maximum pod-seed ratio was obtained from CPT 13 and CPT 4 （2.50 and 2.44 respectively）. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were also close to each other for all traits, but the 100 pod and seed weight exhibited higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation than the other traits. Estimates of broad sense heritability ranged from 0.30 （for seed length） to 0.95 （pod length） and genetic ad- vance as percent of the mean ranged between 11.66% and 57.40% with seed length giving the lowest value and 100 pod weight giving the high- est value. Both the phenotypic and genotypic correlation between pod length, pod width, pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width and 100 seed weight and between pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width, 100 seed weight and germination percentage were found to be strong. On the basis of non hierarchical Euclidian cluster analysis, 24 accessions were grouped into six clusters. The maximum numbers of seven accessions were included in cluster VI. The maximum intra cluster distance （10.238）shown by cluster VI and the maximum inter cluster distance （17.021） between V and HI followed by III and II （15.942）. Among the six clus- ters formed the cluster III recorded maximum oil percentage, 100 pod weight, 100 seed ,weight, pod length, pod thickness, pod width, seed width and. germination percentage, while cluster V recorded maximum pod seed ratio and germination percentage. The present findings suggest that the crossing between accessions of cluster V and cluster III will result in a wide spectrum of variability in subsequent generations.展开更多
Runoff is a major component of the water cycle, and its multi-scale fluctuations are important to water resources management across arid and semi-arid regions. This paper coupled the Distributed Time Variant Gain Mod...Runoff is a major component of the water cycle, and its multi-scale fluctuations are important to water resources management across arid and semi-arid regions. This paper coupled the Distributed Time Variant Gain Model （DTVGM） into the Community Land Model （CLM 3.5）, replacing the TOPMODEL-based method to simulate runoff in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. The coupled model was calibrated at five gauging stations for the period 1980-2005 and validated for the period 2006-2010. Then, future runoff （2010-2100） was simulated for different Representative Concentration Pathways （RCP） emission scenarios. After that, the spatial distributions of the future runoff for these scenarios were discussed, and the multi-scale fluctuation characteristics of the future annual runoff for the RCP scenarios were explored using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition （EEMD） analysis method. Finally, the decadal variabilities of the future annual runoff for the entire study area and the five catchments in it were investigated. The results showed that the future annual runoff had slowly decreasing trends for scenarios RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 during the period 2010-2100, whereas it had a non-monotonic trend for the RCP 4.5 scenario, with a slow increase after the 2050s. Additionally, the future annual runoff clearly varied over a decadal time scale, indicating that it had clear divisions between dry and wet periods. The longest dry period was approximately 15 years （2040-2055） for the RCP 2.6 scenario and 25 years （2045-2070） for the RCP 4.5 scenario. However, the RCP 8.5 scenario was predicted to have a long dry period starting from 2045. Under these scenarios, the water resources situation of the study area will be extremely severe. Therefore, adaptive water management measures addressing climate change should be adopted to proactively confront the risks of water resources.展开更多
The differential chaotic shift keying （DCSK） communication in multiple input multiple output （MIMO） multipath fading chan- nels is considered. A simple MIMO-DCSK communication scheme based on orthogonal multi-cod...The differential chaotic shift keying （DCSK） communication in multiple input multiple output （MIMO） multipath fading chan- nels is considered. A simple MIMO-DCSK communication scheme based on orthogonal multi-codes （OMCs） and equal gain combination （EGC） is proposed, in which OMCs are used to spread the same information bit at each transmitting antenna and the infor- mation bit is detected by EGC at receiving antenna. The OMCs are constructed from one chaotic sequence by means of othogo- nal space-time block coding （OSTBC）. The output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） after EGC is given based on central limit theory （CLT）, and it can effectively exploit the spatial diversity of the underlying MIMO system. Simulation results show that the full spatial diversity gain is achieved without channel estimation in the MIMO-DCSK communication scheme and it performs better than MC-EGC for a large number of transmitting antennas.展开更多
Metformin may reduce food intake and body weight, but the anorexigenic effects of metformin are still poorly understood. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were administered a single intracere- broventricular dose of ...Metformin may reduce food intake and body weight, but the anorexigenic effects of metformin are still poorly understood. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were administered a single intracere- broventricular dose of metformin and compound C, in a broader attempt to investigate the regula- tory effects of metformin on food intake and to explore the possible mechanism. Results showed that central administration of metformin significantly reduced food intake and body weight gain, par- ticularly after 4 hours. A reduction of neuropeptide Y expression and induction of AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in the hypothalamus were also observed 4 hours after metformin administration, which could be reversed by compound C, a commonly-used antagonist of AMP-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, metformin also improved lipid metabolism by reducing plasma low-density lipoprotein. Our findings suggest that under normal physiological conditions, central regulation of appetite by metformin is related to a decrease in neuropeptide Y gene expres- sion, and that the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase may simply be a response to the anorexigenic effect of metformin.展开更多
The role of electromechanical dyssynchrony in heart failure gained prominence in literature with the results of trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT).CRT has shown to significantly decrease heart failure ho...The role of electromechanical dyssynchrony in heart failure gained prominence in literature with the results of trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT).CRT has shown to significantly decrease heart failure hospitalization and mortality in heart failure patients with dyssynchrony.Current guidelines recommend the use of electrical dyssynchrony based on a QRS>150 ms and a left bundle branch block pattern on surface electrocardiogram to identify dyssynchrony in patients who will benefit from CRT implantation.However,predicting response to CRT remains a challenge with nearly one-third of patients gaining no benefit from the device.Multiple echocardiographic measures of mechanical dyssynchrony have been studied over the past two decade.However,trials where mechanical dyssynchrony used as an additional or lone criteria for CRT failed to show any benefit in the response to CRT.This shows that a deeper understanding of cardiac mechanics should be applied in the assessment of dyssynchrony.This review discusses the evolving role of imaging techniques in assessing cardiac dyssynchrony and their application in patients considered for device therapy.展开更多
The principle of middle and long-term earthquake forecast model of spatial and temporal synthesized probability gain and the evaluation of forecast efficiency (R-values) of various forecast methods are introduced in t...The principle of middle and long-term earthquake forecast model of spatial and temporal synthesized probability gain and the evaluation of forecast efficiency (R-values) of various forecast methods are introduced in this paper. The R-value method, developed by Xu (1989), is further developed here, and can be applied to more complicated cases. Probability gains in spatial and/or temporal domains and the R-values for different forecast methods are estimated in North China. The synthesized probability gain is then estimated as an example.展开更多
A new group-contribution equation of state(VDW-GC EOS)is developed by applying the group-contributionconcept to a local composition version of the modified van der Waals equation of state(VDW-DDLC EOS),which is establ...A new group-contribution equation of state(VDW-GC EOS)is developed by applying the group-contributionconcept to a local composition version of the modified van der Waals equation of state(VDW-DDLC EOS),which is established by combining the density dependent local composition mixing rule with the modified vander Waals equation of state.Group interaction parameter matrix for thirteen groups were determined frombinary VLE data.The new VDW-GC EOS has been extensively tested on the prediction of vapor-liquid,liquidliquid and gas-solid equilibria.In part Ⅰ the mathematical formulation of the VDW-GC EOS and the determination of the group interaction parameters are discussed.展开更多
By using the algebraic dynamics method, we obtain exact analytical solutions of rate equations with time-dependent coefficients, which might present an effective description of the physical mechanism of the practical ...By using the algebraic dynamics method, we obtain exact analytical solutions of rate equations with time-dependent coefficients, which might present an effective description of the physical mechanism of the practical semiconductor lasers. Based on the exact solutions, we investigate the dynamic behaviour and the emitted properties of the InGaAsP laser, which has been commonly used in long wavelength optical communication systems. It is found that when the cavity length varies with time exponentially, the output power of the laser will drop and approach its asymptote. When the cavity length is a sinusoid function of time, the intensity of the emitted optical pulses can be controlled by the amplitude of this function.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition(17dz2272000)Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Key weak discipline construction project 2019ZB0101)the Scientific research fund of China Nutrition Society(CNSHPNK2021-16)。
文摘Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term follow-up and preliminarily explore the relationship between maternal body weight and human milk composition,including macronutrients,leptin,and adiponectin.Methods:The study included a longitudinal cohort(122 mothers),and a cross-sectional cohort(37 mothers).The human milk,maternal weight,and dietary surveys were collected in the longitudinal cohort at different follow-up time points(1-14 days postpartum,2-4 months postpartum,5-7 months postpartum,and 12-17 months postpartum).The maternal body weight was analyzed using the responses in the survey questionnaires.A milk analyzer based on the mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)was used to determine milk composition,and nutrition analysis software evaluated dietary intakes.In the cross-sectional cohort,participating mothers were asked to provide blood and human milk samples and pertinent information related to maternal body composition.Maternal body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),while ELISA analyzed leptin and adiponectin in milk and serum.Results:At 5-7 months postpartum,the PPWR of breastfeeding mothers was(2.46±3.59)kg.At 12-17 months postpartum,the PPWR was(0.98±4.06)kg.PPWR was found to be negatively correlated with milk fat content within 14 days postpartum and positively correlated at 2-4 months postpartum.In addition,the maternal weight and body muscle mass were positively correlated with leptin and adiponectin in milk.Plasma leptin was positively correlated with the mother’s body weight,body mass index(BMI),FAT percentage,and body fat mass,while plasma adiponectin did not correlate with any parameter.The results also indicate that the PPWR did not correlate with leptin and adiponectin in plasma or milk.Conclusions:Breastfeeding mothers may retain considerable weight gain one year after delivery.Human milk composition may be related to changes in maternal body weight.Leptin and adiponectin in breast milk and leptin in plasma are associated with the maternal body composition.This study supports the notion that maternal nutritional status may affect offspring health through lactation,and future research should focus on exploring weight management of postpartum mothers.
基金supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to MW。
文摘Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating glia.In the central nervous system,this role is taken up by oligodendrocytes.Oligodendrocytes are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal stages.While the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor pool.Therefore,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely regulated.Different transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling pathways.How the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental cues.Relevant insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).
文摘Travel broadens the mind.And now travelers can broaden their minds by exploring the amazing geographical,cultural and culinary diversity that China offers,facilitated by the new visa-free transit policy.With visitors from 54 countries now able to stay in China for 10 days in transit without a visa and travel further in the country,“China travel”has gained new traction.
文摘The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization,which was adopted at the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,mentioned the promotion of the debut economy.This is the first time the debut economy has been mentioned at the central level.According to the Central Economic Work Conference that was held earlier,it is imperative to promote consumption,and actively develop the debut economy,the ice and snow economy and the silver economy,clarifying the sectors where consumption is encouraged.The debut economy ranks first,owing to the high amount of attention gained from the central government.What is the debut economy and what are its major characteristics?
文摘Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve The Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve,located in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,is a vital sanctuary dedicated to protecting rare birds and the interconnected ecosystems of lakes,rivers,wetlands,and grasslands.Established in 1986,it gained international recognition in 2002 as both a Wetland of International Importance and a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.
文摘It's an honor and a pleasure to contribute to the volume honoring Professor Delin Ren's 90th birthday.I've already benefited from the experience in multiple ways,even before the contents have been finalized.One important dividend I gained is a broader and clearer understanding and perspective of this distinguished academician.
文摘Jerched on the 18th parallel north-often called the“golden latitude”for its optimal climate and environment conditions,shared by renowned attractions like Bali in Indonesia,the Maldives,and Hawaii of the United States—the southernmost Chinese island province of Hainan has,over the past few decades,garnered national acclaim for its thriving tourism,senior healthcare and cultural sectors.Recently,Hainan has also gained attention as a burgeoning hub for international education within China.
文摘With its extraordinary music performance and thrilling competition,the Singer 2024 TV programme won the hearts of audiences in Ghana,shortly after the nine-episode singing competition on Hunan Satellite TV gained widespread attention in China.
基金Sponsored by the Guangxi Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Annual Project(2024GLF036)Thousands of Young and Middle-aged Backbone Teachers Cultivation Program for Universities and Colleges in Guangxi(2021QGRW061).
文摘Weizhou Island,located in Beihai,Guangxi Province,is recognized as the largest paleovolcanic island in China,characterized by its relatively young geological age.The development of island tourism has progressively established it as a significant tourist attraction within Beihai,transforming the area into a prominent leisure and tourism resort.As tourism on Weizhou Island continues to develop both in scope and in depth,it has increasingly influenced the sense of gain among the local community residents.Currently,in alignment with the strategic objective of achieving common prosperity,it is crucial to comprehend and enhance the sense of gain experienced by residents in island tourism destinations,as this is vital for the achievement of this overarching goal.Taking the residents of Weizhou Island in Beihai as the subjects,this paper constructs their sense of gain related to tourism,employing grounded theory.It posits that the residents’sense of gain comprises four primary dimensions:sense of economic gain,sense of social gain,sense of cultural gain,and sense of environmental gain.Additionally,the paper examines the factors that influence these dimensions.Based on this foundation,effective strategies are proposed to enhance the sense of gain among community residents in island tourism destinations,thereby promoting the sustainable development of island tourism.
基金correspondence:Prof.Rashmimala PRADHAN,Department of Medical Surgical Nursing,SUM Nursing College,Faculty of Nursing,Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University),Bhubaneswar,Odisha,India.E-mail:rashmimalapradhan@soa.ac.in。
文摘Objectives:This study was conducted to determine the effect of multidisciplinary nursing intervention(MNI)on interdialytic weight gain(IDWG)and quality of life(QoL)among chronic hemodialysis patients.Materials and Methods:Quantitative research approach with randomized-controlled,single-blind trial was conducted among 120 chronic hemodialysis patients in Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital Bhubaneswar,Odisha,India from February 2023 to February 2024.Participants were randomly assigned into the experimental group(n1=65)and control group(n2=55)by block randomization methods.The experimental group received the intervention phase up to the 6th week,along with the usual treatment,and the control group received only standard treatment up to the end of the study.After that,they received the diet chart plan and fluid distribution timetable.Results:Significant improvements were found in IDWG and QoL for the experimental group.The experimental group exhibited a sharp decline in weight gain within the group(F=20.05,P<0.001)between the group(F=13.02,P<0.001),interaction effects between the groups across the time point(F=5.67,P<0.005).Kidney disease QoL scores(KDQOL^(™)36)increased from 49.38±9.56 to 58.63±6.04 in the experimental group,compared to an increase from 50.84±9.25 to 52.04±8.02 in the control group.Conclusion:This trial showed that MNIs significantly reduced IDWG and improved KDQOL^(™)36 scores,with the experimental group outperforming the control,highlighting the intervention’s effectiveness.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YWF-23-L-1225)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62201025)Chinese Aeronautical Establishment(2022Z037051001)。
文摘Vibration-induced bias deviation,which is generated by intensity fluctuations and additional phase differences,is one of the vital errors for fiber optic gyroscopes(FOGs)operating in vibration environment and has severely restricted the applications of high-precision FOGs.The conventional methods for suppressing vibration-induced errors mostly concentrate on reinforcing the mechanical structure and optical path as well as the compensation under some specific operation parameters,which have very limited effects for high-precision FOGs maintaining performances under vibration.In this work,a technique of suppressing the vibration-induced bias deviation through removing the part related to the varying gain from the rotation-rate output is put forward.Particularly,the loop gain is extracted out by adding a gain-monitoring wave.By demodulating the loop gain and the rotation rate simultaneously under distinct frequencies and investigating their quantitative relationship,the vibrationinduced bias error is compensated without limiting the operating parameters or environments,like the applied modulation depth.The experimental results show that the proposed method has achieved the reduction of bias error from about 0.149°/h to0.014°/h during the random vibration with frequencies from20 Hz to 2000 Hz.This technique provides a feasible route for enhancing the performances of high-precision FOGs heading towards high environmental adaptability.
文摘African swine fever(ASF)is one of the most devastating diseases in pigs and is caused by the ASFvirus(ASFV).Since its first discovery in1921 in Kenya,ASFV has spread from Africa to other parts of the world,causing severe economic losses to the pork industry.Scientists have studied ASF for over 100 years,and many governments have tried to eradicate the disease.Nonetheless,approaches to effectively control ASF are still lacking.In recent years,ASF outbreaks have been reported in China,Belgium,Germany,Italy and many other Asian and European countries.Studies on this disease have gained new popularity.Under this background,we are organizing the special issue"African swine fever"to collect the most recent knowledge on this disease.
基金financially supported by the National Oil Seeds and Vegetable Oils Development Board,Gurgaon,Ministry of Agriculture,Government of India
文摘In this study, we assessed the variability in pod, seed traits and oil content of 24 accessions of Pongamia pinnata collected from different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The experiment was conducted at the Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair during 2010 to 2011. The variability studies for pod and seed traits revealed that, the accession CPT-6 collected from New Wandoor in South Andaman recorded the maximum values for eight traits viz. pod length （75.51 mm）, pod width （34.62 mm）, pod thickness （17.55 mm）, 100 pod weight （770.33 g）, seed width （21.23 mm）, 100 seed weight （377.00 g）, oil percentage （43.92%） and germination percentage （94.7%）. However, the maximum seed length （26.46 mm） was recorded from CPT 2 and the maximum pod-seed ratio was obtained from CPT 13 and CPT 4 （2.50 and 2.44 respectively）. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were also close to each other for all traits, but the 100 pod and seed weight exhibited higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation than the other traits. Estimates of broad sense heritability ranged from 0.30 （for seed length） to 0.95 （pod length） and genetic ad- vance as percent of the mean ranged between 11.66% and 57.40% with seed length giving the lowest value and 100 pod weight giving the high- est value. Both the phenotypic and genotypic correlation between pod length, pod width, pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width and 100 seed weight and between pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width, 100 seed weight and germination percentage were found to be strong. On the basis of non hierarchical Euclidian cluster analysis, 24 accessions were grouped into six clusters. The maximum numbers of seven accessions were included in cluster VI. The maximum intra cluster distance （10.238）shown by cluster VI and the maximum inter cluster distance （17.021） between V and HI followed by III and II （15.942）. Among the six clus- ters formed the cluster III recorded maximum oil percentage, 100 pod weight, 100 seed ,weight, pod length, pod thickness, pod width, seed width and. germination percentage, while cluster V recorded maximum pod seed ratio and germination percentage. The present findings suggest that the crossing between accessions of cluster V and cluster III will result in a wide spectrum of variability in subsequent generations.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB956204)We acknowledge the modeling groups for providing the data for analysis,the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison(PCMDI)the World Climate Research Programme’s(WCRP’s)Coupled Model Intercomparison Project for collecting and archiving the model output and organizing the data analysis
文摘Runoff is a major component of the water cycle, and its multi-scale fluctuations are important to water resources management across arid and semi-arid regions. This paper coupled the Distributed Time Variant Gain Model （DTVGM） into the Community Land Model （CLM 3.5）, replacing the TOPMODEL-based method to simulate runoff in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. The coupled model was calibrated at five gauging stations for the period 1980-2005 and validated for the period 2006-2010. Then, future runoff （2010-2100） was simulated for different Representative Concentration Pathways （RCP） emission scenarios. After that, the spatial distributions of the future runoff for these scenarios were discussed, and the multi-scale fluctuation characteristics of the future annual runoff for the RCP scenarios were explored using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition （EEMD） analysis method. Finally, the decadal variabilities of the future annual runoff for the entire study area and the five catchments in it were investigated. The results showed that the future annual runoff had slowly decreasing trends for scenarios RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 during the period 2010-2100, whereas it had a non-monotonic trend for the RCP 4.5 scenario, with a slow increase after the 2050s. Additionally, the future annual runoff clearly varied over a decadal time scale, indicating that it had clear divisions between dry and wet periods. The longest dry period was approximately 15 years （2040-2055） for the RCP 2.6 scenario and 25 years （2045-2070） for the RCP 4.5 scenario. However, the RCP 8.5 scenario was predicted to have a long dry period starting from 2045. Under these scenarios, the water resources situation of the study area will be extremely severe. Therefore, adaptive water management measures addressing climate change should be adopted to proactively confront the risks of water resources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61101097)
文摘The differential chaotic shift keying （DCSK） communication in multiple input multiple output （MIMO） multipath fading chan- nels is considered. A simple MIMO-DCSK communication scheme based on orthogonal multi-codes （OMCs） and equal gain combination （EGC） is proposed, in which OMCs are used to spread the same information bit at each transmitting antenna and the infor- mation bit is detected by EGC at receiving antenna. The OMCs are constructed from one chaotic sequence by means of othogo- nal space-time block coding （OSTBC）. The output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） after EGC is given based on central limit theory （CLT）, and it can effectively exploit the spatial diversity of the underlying MIMO system. Simulation results show that the full spatial diversity gain is achieved without channel estimation in the MIMO-DCSK communication scheme and it performs better than MC-EGC for a large number of transmitting antennas.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31171019 and No.31200820the Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics and Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics(East China Normal University)of the Ministry of Education
文摘Metformin may reduce food intake and body weight, but the anorexigenic effects of metformin are still poorly understood. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were administered a single intracere- broventricular dose of metformin and compound C, in a broader attempt to investigate the regula- tory effects of metformin on food intake and to explore the possible mechanism. Results showed that central administration of metformin significantly reduced food intake and body weight gain, par- ticularly after 4 hours. A reduction of neuropeptide Y expression and induction of AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in the hypothalamus were also observed 4 hours after metformin administration, which could be reversed by compound C, a commonly-used antagonist of AMP-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, metformin also improved lipid metabolism by reducing plasma low-density lipoprotein. Our findings suggest that under normal physiological conditions, central regulation of appetite by metformin is related to a decrease in neuropeptide Y gene expres- sion, and that the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase may simply be a response to the anorexigenic effect of metformin.
文摘The role of electromechanical dyssynchrony in heart failure gained prominence in literature with the results of trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT).CRT has shown to significantly decrease heart failure hospitalization and mortality in heart failure patients with dyssynchrony.Current guidelines recommend the use of electrical dyssynchrony based on a QRS>150 ms and a left bundle branch block pattern on surface electrocardiogram to identify dyssynchrony in patients who will benefit from CRT implantation.However,predicting response to CRT remains a challenge with nearly one-third of patients gaining no benefit from the device.Multiple echocardiographic measures of mechanical dyssynchrony have been studied over the past two decade.However,trials where mechanical dyssynchrony used as an additional or lone criteria for CRT failed to show any benefit in the response to CRT.This shows that a deeper understanding of cardiac mechanics should be applied in the assessment of dyssynchrony.This review discusses the evolving role of imaging techniques in assessing cardiac dyssynchrony and their application in patients considered for device therapy.
文摘The principle of middle and long-term earthquake forecast model of spatial and temporal synthesized probability gain and the evaluation of forecast efficiency (R-values) of various forecast methods are introduced in this paper. The R-value method, developed by Xu (1989), is further developed here, and can be applied to more complicated cases. Probability gains in spatial and/or temporal domains and the R-values for different forecast methods are estimated in North China. The synthesized probability gain is then estimated as an example.
文摘A new group-contribution equation of state(VDW-GC EOS)is developed by applying the group-contributionconcept to a local composition version of the modified van der Waals equation of state(VDW-DDLC EOS),which is established by combining the density dependent local composition mixing rule with the modified vander Waals equation of state.Group interaction parameter matrix for thirteen groups were determined frombinary VLE data.The new VDW-GC EOS has been extensively tested on the prediction of vapor-liquid,liquidliquid and gas-solid equilibria.In part Ⅰ the mathematical formulation of the VDW-GC EOS and the determination of the group interaction parameters are discussed.
基金Supported in part by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education （SIZFDP） under Grant No 20030613007, the Natural Science Foundation of the Committee of Education of Sichuan Province under Grant No 2003A078, and the Funds for Major Basic Research Project of Sichuan Province under Grant No 02GY029-188.
文摘By using the algebraic dynamics method, we obtain exact analytical solutions of rate equations with time-dependent coefficients, which might present an effective description of the physical mechanism of the practical semiconductor lasers. Based on the exact solutions, we investigate the dynamic behaviour and the emitted properties of the InGaAsP laser, which has been commonly used in long wavelength optical communication systems. It is found that when the cavity length varies with time exponentially, the output power of the laser will drop and approach its asymptote. When the cavity length is a sinusoid function of time, the intensity of the emitted optical pulses can be controlled by the amplitude of this function.
