This study directs the discussion of HIV disease with a novel kind of complex dynamical generalized and piecewise operator in the sense of classical and Atangana Baleanu(AB)derivatives having arbitrary order.The HIV i...This study directs the discussion of HIV disease with a novel kind of complex dynamical generalized and piecewise operator in the sense of classical and Atangana Baleanu(AB)derivatives having arbitrary order.The HIV infection model has a susceptible class,a recovered class,along with a case of infection divided into three sub-different levels or categories and the recovered class.The total time interval is converted into two,which are further investigated for ordinary and fractional order operators of the AB derivative,respectively.The proposed model is tested separately for unique solutions and existence on bi intervals.The numerical solution of the proposed model is treated by the piece-wise numerical iterative scheme of Newtons Polynomial.The proposed method is established for piece-wise derivatives under natural order and non-singular Mittag-Leffler Law.The cross-over or bending characteristics in the dynamical system of HIV are easily examined by the aspect of this research having a memory effect for controlling the said disease.This study uses the neural network(NN)technique to obtain a better set of weights with low residual errors,and the epochs number is considered 1000.The obtained figures represent the approximate solution and absolute error which are tested with NN to train the data accurately.展开更多
Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare, offering the potential to optimize clinical decision-making, improve patient outcomes, and enhance care accessibility. AI-driven tools can analyze vast medical ...Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare, offering the potential to optimize clinical decision-making, improve patient outcomes, and enhance care accessibility. AI-driven tools can analyze vast medical data, enabling early disease detection, accurate diagnoses, and personalized treatment. By addressing challenges such as aging populations, chronic diseases, and workforce shortages, AI can revolutionize global healthcare delivery, particularly in underserved regions. However, successful AI integration requires overcoming barriers like data quality, regulatory frameworks, and ethical considerations. Despite these challenges, AI offers a promising path to more efficient, equitable, and personalized healthcare worldwide.展开更多
In the paper, we study a compressible two-fluid model in ℝ3, where γ±>1. The pressure of the two fluids is equal. Different from previous research, we consider that viscosity coefficient both μand λare func...In the paper, we study a compressible two-fluid model in ℝ3, where γ±>1. The pressure of the two fluids is equal. Different from previous research, we consider that viscosity coefficient both μand λare functions of density. The global well-posedness of the three-dimensional compressible two-phase flow model is an open problem due to its dissipative, nonlinear structure. In the paper, setting m±=M±and Z=P−P¯, by exploiting the dissipation structure, we obtain energy estimates for (Z,w,n)and its derivatives, then we obtain the time decay rates for (Z,w,n). So we derive global well-posedness and large time behavior to the three dimensional compressible two-fluid model.展开更多
Although national transplant organizations share common visions and goals,the creation of a unified global organization remains impractical.Differences in ethnicity,culture,religion,and education shape local practices...Although national transplant organizations share common visions and goals,the creation of a unified global organization remains impractical.Differences in ethnicity,culture,religion,and education shape local practices and infrastructure,making the establishment of a single global entity unfeasible.Even with these social disparities aside,logistical factors such as time and distance between organ procurement and transplantation sites pose significant challenges.While technological advancements have extended organ preservation times,they have yet to support the demands of transcontinental transplantations effectively.This review presents a comparative analysis of the structures,operational frameworks,policies,and legislation governing various transplant organizations around the world.Key differences pertain to the administration of these organizations,trends in organ donation,and organ allocation policies,which reflect the financial,cultural,and religious diversity across different regions.While a global transplant organization may be out of reach,agreeing on best practices for the benefit of patients is essential.展开更多
On November 24,2024,the 29th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(COP29)concluded in Baku,Azerbaijan.After two weeks of negotiations and a delay of more...On November 24,2024,the 29th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(COP29)concluded in Baku,Azerbaijan.After two weeks of negotiations and a delay of more than 30 hours,the conference finally set the goal for developed countries to mobilize at least US$300 billion per year for developing countries to adapt to climate change by 2035.It was no easy job to get 200 countries on the same page of a complex climate finance agreement.Two days before the conclusion of the conference,the Global South rejected a US$250 billion package offered by developed countries,which nearly derailed the final agreement.展开更多
The risk of new pathogen emergence is constantly increasing due to several factors,including the expansion and exploration of previously uninhabited regions,increased global trade,tourism,climate change and others.Rec...The risk of new pathogen emergence is constantly increasing due to several factors,including the expansion and exploration of previously uninhabited regions,increased global trade,tourism,climate change and others.Recently,monkeypox(mpox)cases have been increasing,causing alarm as the cases are reported from countries where the disease is not endemic.Mpox virus is an emerging pathogen responsible for human mpox.展开更多
Each year,Lin Haiyan,president of the Chinatown Foundation in Mauritius,dedicates significant time and effort to organising the Spring Festival celebrations.During the Spring Festival season in February 2024,the Mauri...Each year,Lin Haiyan,president of the Chinatown Foundation in Mauritius,dedicates significant time and effort to organising the Spring Festival celebrations.During the Spring Festival season in February 2024,the Mauritius National Multi-Sport Complex was adorned with large red lanterns and Chinese knots,creating a vibrant setting for the festivities.The event featured captivating performances,including lion and dragon dances,parades showcasing traditional Chinese women’s clothing,or qipao,singing,and tai chi demonstrations,providing the perfect atmosphere to celebrate the Chinese New Year.展开更多
According to the latest Purchasing Managers'Index(PMI)data,Bangladesh's economy has been expanding for four consecutive months in January this year.Growth in exports,an upward trend in seasonal consumption,and...According to the latest Purchasing Managers'Index(PMI)data,Bangladesh's economy has been expanding for four consecutive months in January this year.Growth in exports,an upward trend in seasonal consumption,and a boost in the agricultural supply chain are likely to be the key factors driving the continued expansion of the Bangladeshi economy.展开更多
Since its release on 29 January,the Chinese animated film Ne Zha 2 has been making history.It entered the list of the all-time global box office top 10 only 20 days later,with ticket sales surpassing 15 billion yuan($...Since its release on 29 January,the Chinese animated film Ne Zha 2 has been making history.It entered the list of the all-time global box office top 10 only 20 days later,with ticket sales surpassing 15 billion yuan($2.07 billion).IMDb,a global movie review platform,gave it an 8.2 rating as of 11 March,underscoring its broad appeal.展开更多
It is another international public good from China to enhance dialogue and exchanges among civilizations.CHINESE President Xi Jinping,also general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,propos...It is another international public good from China to enhance dialogue and exchanges among civilizations.CHINESE President Xi Jinping,also general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,proposed the Global Civilization Initiative(GCI)at the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-Level Meeting on March 15,2023.Coming after the Global Development Initiative and the Global Security Initiative,the GCI is another international public good from China,aligned with the common need of the international community to enhance dialogue and exchanges among civilizations and promote cultural prosperity and development.展开更多
1.The state of the world’s health Today’s global health landscape presents pressing challenges that demand urgent action.Nearly half of the global population lacks access to Universal Health Coverage(UHC),leaving mi...1.The state of the world’s health Today’s global health landscape presents pressing challenges that demand urgent action.Nearly half of the global population lacks access to Universal Health Coverage(UHC),leaving millions vulnerable.Each year,100 million people are driven into extreme poverty by medical expenses.Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs),such as cancer,heart disease,and diabetes,are responsible for 41 million deaths annuallyd71%of global mortality.Communicable diseases remain a significant threat,particularly in emerging economies,with only 81%of children receiving vaccinations in 2021da 5%decline from previous years.Compounded by this,humanitarian crises in 2024 are expected to impact 300 million people,and the proportion of the population aged over 60 is projected to nearly double between 2015 and 2050.Additionally,mental illness affects over 970 million people,posing significant challenges to healthcare providers,particularly nurses.展开更多
China’s annual Central Economic Work Conference(CEWC),held on December 11 and 12,2024,signaled the government’s determination to sustain economic growth and expand high-level opening up.Against the backdrop of risin...China’s annual Central Economic Work Conference(CEWC),held on December 11 and 12,2024,signaled the government’s determination to sustain economic growth and expand high-level opening up.Against the backdrop of rising global economic uncertainty,stabilizing the economy and promoting highquality development not only represent a practical need for the country to achieve key goals on its socioeconomic agenda and make steady progress on the Chinese path to modernization,but will also help enhance economic resilience against external headwinds and contribute more to the global economy.展开更多
A complex system is inherently high-dimensional.Recent studies indicate that,even without complete knowledge of its evolutionary dynamics,the future behavior of such a system can be predicted using time-series data(da...A complex system is inherently high-dimensional.Recent studies indicate that,even without complete knowledge of its evolutionary dynamics,the future behavior of such a system can be predicted using time-series data(data-driven prediction).This suggests that the essential dynamics of a complex system can be captured through a low-dimensional representation.Virus evolution and climate change are two examples of complex,time-varying systems.In this article,we show that mutations in the spike protein provide valuable data for predicting SARS-CoV-2 variants,forecasting the possible emergence of the new macro-lineage Q in the near future.Our analysis also demonstrates that carbon dioxide concentration is a reliable indicator for predicting the evolution of the climate system,extending global surface air temperature(GSAT)forecasts through 2500.展开更多
The exact worldwide prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)re-mains uncertain,despite its recognition as a common condition.This conundrum arises primarily from the lack of a standardized definition for GE...The exact worldwide prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)re-mains uncertain,despite its recognition as a common condition.This conundrum arises primarily from the lack of a standardized definition for GERD.The gold standard diagnostic tests for GERD,such as pH impedance testing and endo-scopy,are cumbersome and impractical for assessing community prevalence.Consequently,most epidemiological studies rely on symptom-based screening tools.GERD symptoms can be both esophageal and extraesophageal,varying widely among individuals.This variability has led to multiple symptom-based definitions of GERD,with no consensus,resulting in prevalence estimates ranging from 5%to 25%worldwide.Most systematic reviews define GERD as experi-encing heartburn and/or regurgitation at least once weekly,yielding a calculated prevalence of 13.98%.In 2017,the global age-standardized prevalence of GERD was estimated at 8819 per 100000 people(95%confidence interval:7781-9863),a figure that has remained stable from 1990 to 2017.Prevalence increases with age,leading to more years lived with disability.GERD significantly impairs quality of life and can lead to multiple complications.Additionally,it imposes a severe economic burden,with the United States alone estimated to spend around 10 billion dollars annually on diagnosis and treatment.In summary,GERD preva-lence varies greatly by region and even within different areas of the same province.Determining the exact prevalence is challenging due to inconsistent diagnostic criteria.However,it is well-documented that GERD poses a significant global burden,affecting the quality of life of individuals and creating a substantial healthcare cost.展开更多
The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is approximately 20%.Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation.In the present study...The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is approximately 20%.Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the levels of 5-methyl-cytosine(5mC)as a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation in buccal swabs and its potential association with the risk of stunting and cognitive performance.The levels of 5mC were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence(WPPSI)was used to measure cognitive function.Buccal swab DNA samples and anthropometric data were collected from a total of 231 children aged zero to five years.In this cross-sectional cohort,the prevalence of stunting was 37%in 138 children aged zero to two years and 30%in 93 children aged over two years.The univariable analysis revealed that the levels of 5mC in buccal swab DNA were significantly lower in severely stunted children(median,2.84;interquartile range[IQR],2.39–4.62)and children aged less than two years(median,2.81;IQR,2.53–4.62)than those in normal children(median,3.75;IQR,2.80–4.74;P-value,0.028)and children aged over four years(median,4.01;IQR,3.39–4.87;P-value<0.001),respectively.We also found that the average cognitive scores tended to be low in boys and stunted children,although the differences were not statistically significant.Furthermore,the levels of 5mC found in buccal swab and mouthwash DNA were not associated with cognitive scores.展开更多
Rehabilitation for patients with chronic physical conditions,such as stroke,spinal cord injury,and fibromyalgia,is predominantly focused on physical recovery,often neglecting the affective and social dimensions crucia...Rehabilitation for patients with chronic physical conditions,such as stroke,spinal cord injury,and fibromyalgia,is predominantly focused on physical recovery,often neglecting the affective and social dimensions crucial for comprehensive health outcomes.This oversight contributes to a significant mental health burden,with up to40%of rehabilitating patients experiencing depression or anxiety.This perspective article reviews evidence from social and affective neuroscience to highlight the urgent need to integrate well-being as a central component of rehabilitation.We propose a holistic rehabilitation model that includes psychological,affective,and social interventions alongside physical therapies.This model draws on existing studies demonstrating that emotional resilience and social support are key predictors of successful rehabilitation outcomes.Patients with strong social and affective well-being are more likely to adhere to treatment protocols and achieve better physical recovery.Conversely,neglecting these dimensions can exacerbate mental health conditions,leading to what we identify as a"second wave"of health crises—mental health conditions triggered by chronic physical ailments.By adopting this holistic approach,healthcare systems can improve immediate rehabilitation outcomes,prevent the long-term escalation of mental health issues,and reduce the overall burden on global mental health services,ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients worldwide.展开更多
This study systematically examines the strategies essential for enhancing the global presence and influence of Chinese literature through translation.It begins by elucidating the significance of disseminating Chinese ...This study systematically examines the strategies essential for enhancing the global presence and influence of Chinese literature through translation.It begins by elucidating the significance of disseminating Chinese literature on a global scale,emphasizing its role in fostering cultural exchange,mutual understanding,and cross-cultural dialogue.Subsequently,the research provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of Chinese literature's international outreach,highlighting both its achievements and the multifaceted challenges encountered during the translation process.By exploring diverse translation strategies—including domestication,foreignization,and cultural adaptation—this paper offers practical and theoretically grounded recommendations for improving the global reception of Chinese literary works.Through detailed case studies of prominent Chinese texts,it demonstrates how the judicious application of translation strategies can effectively convey the richness and cultural nuances of Chinese literature to international audiences.展开更多
This article aims to analyze the development and shortcomings in women’s education in Asia during the past two decades.Asian women students have been subjected to numerous forms of discrimination and unequal treatmen...This article aims to analyze the development and shortcomings in women’s education in Asia during the past two decades.Asian women students have been subjected to numerous forms of discrimination and unequal treatment in school and the global labor market,despite the efforts of educators,politicians,and many related stakeholders.The article first critically examines several theories of globalization and education from the perspective of equity.It then analyzes several typical pieces of study on the obstacles that Asian women students encounter both before and after graduation to draw implications for future research.展开更多
The kinetic characteristics of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are studied by using the global/fluid models hybrid solution method.Firstly,the stable products of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of a...The kinetic characteristics of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are studied by using the global/fluid models hybrid solution method.Firstly,the stable products of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are measured.The results show that the consumption of NH_(3)/O_(2)and the production of N_(2)/H_(2)change linearly with the increase of voltage,which indicates the decoupling of nonequilibrium molecular excitation and oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia at low temperatures.Secondly,the detailed reaction kinetics mechanism of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by a nanosecond pulse voltage at low pressure and room temperature is established.Based on the reaction path analysis,the simplified mechanism is obtained.The detailed and simplified mechanism simulation results are compared with experimental data to verify the accuracy of the simplified mechanism.Finally,based on the simplified mechanism,the fluid model of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by the nanosecond pulse plasma is established to study the pre-sheath/sheath behavior and the resultant consumption and formation of key species.The results show that the generation,development,and propagation of the pre-sheath have a great influence on the formation and consumption of species.The consumption of NH_(3)by the cathode pre-sheath is greater than that by the anode pre-sheath,but the opposite is true for OH and O(1S).However,within the sheath,almost all reactions do not occur.Further,by changing the parameters of nanosecond pulse power supply voltage,it is found that the electron number density,electron current density,and applied peak voltages are not the direct reasons for the structural changes of the sheath and pre-sheath.Furthermore,the discharge interval has little effect on the sheath structure and gas mixture breakdown.The research results of this paper not only help to understand the kinetic promotion of non-equilibrium excitation in the process of oxidative pyrolysis but also help to explore the influence of transport and chemical reaction kinetics on the oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia.展开更多
This paper adopts the Global Workspace Theory as a neuro-scientifically plausible theory for developing conscious cognitive architecture.The Global Workspace Theory’s compatibility with the working mechanisms underne...This paper adopts the Global Workspace Theory as a neuro-scientifically plausible theory for developing conscious cognitive architecture.The Global Workspace Theory’s compatibility with the working mechanisms underneath human brains is enhanced by the implementation of different cognitive features based on this framework.Amongst the topics in the literature for intelligent systems,we start with attention,memory and learning mechanisms,and corresponding experiments are summarized here.We also discuss how other topics of cognitive robotics could be developed based on these three basic components,and their correlations.This provides a foundation for future long-term development of cognitive architectures of cognitive robots.The research in this paper follows the incremental research pathway for the architecture implementation,which is consistent with the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture roadmap.展开更多
基金supported and funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)(grant number IMSIU-RP23066).
文摘This study directs the discussion of HIV disease with a novel kind of complex dynamical generalized and piecewise operator in the sense of classical and Atangana Baleanu(AB)derivatives having arbitrary order.The HIV infection model has a susceptible class,a recovered class,along with a case of infection divided into three sub-different levels or categories and the recovered class.The total time interval is converted into two,which are further investigated for ordinary and fractional order operators of the AB derivative,respectively.The proposed model is tested separately for unique solutions and existence on bi intervals.The numerical solution of the proposed model is treated by the piece-wise numerical iterative scheme of Newtons Polynomial.The proposed method is established for piece-wise derivatives under natural order and non-singular Mittag-Leffler Law.The cross-over or bending characteristics in the dynamical system of HIV are easily examined by the aspect of this research having a memory effect for controlling the said disease.This study uses the neural network(NN)technique to obtain a better set of weights with low residual errors,and the epochs number is considered 1000.The obtained figures represent the approximate solution and absolute error which are tested with NN to train the data accurately.
文摘Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare, offering the potential to optimize clinical decision-making, improve patient outcomes, and enhance care accessibility. AI-driven tools can analyze vast medical data, enabling early disease detection, accurate diagnoses, and personalized treatment. By addressing challenges such as aging populations, chronic diseases, and workforce shortages, AI can revolutionize global healthcare delivery, particularly in underserved regions. However, successful AI integration requires overcoming barriers like data quality, regulatory frameworks, and ethical considerations. Despite these challenges, AI offers a promising path to more efficient, equitable, and personalized healthcare worldwide.
文摘In the paper, we study a compressible two-fluid model in ℝ3, where γ±>1. The pressure of the two fluids is equal. Different from previous research, we consider that viscosity coefficient both μand λare functions of density. The global well-posedness of the three-dimensional compressible two-phase flow model is an open problem due to its dissipative, nonlinear structure. In the paper, setting m±=M±and Z=P−P¯, by exploiting the dissipation structure, we obtain energy estimates for (Z,w,n)and its derivatives, then we obtain the time decay rates for (Z,w,n). So we derive global well-posedness and large time behavior to the three dimensional compressible two-fluid model.
文摘Although national transplant organizations share common visions and goals,the creation of a unified global organization remains impractical.Differences in ethnicity,culture,religion,and education shape local practices and infrastructure,making the establishment of a single global entity unfeasible.Even with these social disparities aside,logistical factors such as time and distance between organ procurement and transplantation sites pose significant challenges.While technological advancements have extended organ preservation times,they have yet to support the demands of transcontinental transplantations effectively.This review presents a comparative analysis of the structures,operational frameworks,policies,and legislation governing various transplant organizations around the world.Key differences pertain to the administration of these organizations,trends in organ donation,and organ allocation policies,which reflect the financial,cultural,and religious diversity across different regions.While a global transplant organization may be out of reach,agreeing on best practices for the benefit of patients is essential.
文摘On November 24,2024,the 29th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(COP29)concluded in Baku,Azerbaijan.After two weeks of negotiations and a delay of more than 30 hours,the conference finally set the goal for developed countries to mobilize at least US$300 billion per year for developing countries to adapt to climate change by 2035.It was no easy job to get 200 countries on the same page of a complex climate finance agreement.Two days before the conclusion of the conference,the Global South rejected a US$250 billion package offered by developed countries,which nearly derailed the final agreement.
文摘The risk of new pathogen emergence is constantly increasing due to several factors,including the expansion and exploration of previously uninhabited regions,increased global trade,tourism,climate change and others.Recently,monkeypox(mpox)cases have been increasing,causing alarm as the cases are reported from countries where the disease is not endemic.Mpox virus is an emerging pathogen responsible for human mpox.
文摘Each year,Lin Haiyan,president of the Chinatown Foundation in Mauritius,dedicates significant time and effort to organising the Spring Festival celebrations.During the Spring Festival season in February 2024,the Mauritius National Multi-Sport Complex was adorned with large red lanterns and Chinese knots,creating a vibrant setting for the festivities.The event featured captivating performances,including lion and dragon dances,parades showcasing traditional Chinese women’s clothing,or qipao,singing,and tai chi demonstrations,providing the perfect atmosphere to celebrate the Chinese New Year.
文摘According to the latest Purchasing Managers'Index(PMI)data,Bangladesh's economy has been expanding for four consecutive months in January this year.Growth in exports,an upward trend in seasonal consumption,and a boost in the agricultural supply chain are likely to be the key factors driving the continued expansion of the Bangladeshi economy.
文摘Since its release on 29 January,the Chinese animated film Ne Zha 2 has been making history.It entered the list of the all-time global box office top 10 only 20 days later,with ticket sales surpassing 15 billion yuan($2.07 billion).IMDb,a global movie review platform,gave it an 8.2 rating as of 11 March,underscoring its broad appeal.
文摘It is another international public good from China to enhance dialogue and exchanges among civilizations.CHINESE President Xi Jinping,also general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,proposed the Global Civilization Initiative(GCI)at the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-Level Meeting on March 15,2023.Coming after the Global Development Initiative and the Global Security Initiative,the GCI is another international public good from China,aligned with the common need of the international community to enhance dialogue and exchanges among civilizations and promote cultural prosperity and development.
文摘1.The state of the world’s health Today’s global health landscape presents pressing challenges that demand urgent action.Nearly half of the global population lacks access to Universal Health Coverage(UHC),leaving millions vulnerable.Each year,100 million people are driven into extreme poverty by medical expenses.Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs),such as cancer,heart disease,and diabetes,are responsible for 41 million deaths annuallyd71%of global mortality.Communicable diseases remain a significant threat,particularly in emerging economies,with only 81%of children receiving vaccinations in 2021da 5%decline from previous years.Compounded by this,humanitarian crises in 2024 are expected to impact 300 million people,and the proportion of the population aged over 60 is projected to nearly double between 2015 and 2050.Additionally,mental illness affects over 970 million people,posing significant challenges to healthcare providers,particularly nurses.
文摘China’s annual Central Economic Work Conference(CEWC),held on December 11 and 12,2024,signaled the government’s determination to sustain economic growth and expand high-level opening up.Against the backdrop of rising global economic uncertainty,stabilizing the economy and promoting highquality development not only represent a practical need for the country to achieve key goals on its socioeconomic agenda and make steady progress on the Chinese path to modernization,but will also help enhance economic resilience against external headwinds and contribute more to the global economy.
基金Natural science foundation of Inner Mongolia(2024LHMS06018)The basic scientific research funding for directly affiliated universities in the Inner Mongolia(JY20250094)。
文摘A complex system is inherently high-dimensional.Recent studies indicate that,even without complete knowledge of its evolutionary dynamics,the future behavior of such a system can be predicted using time-series data(data-driven prediction).This suggests that the essential dynamics of a complex system can be captured through a low-dimensional representation.Virus evolution and climate change are two examples of complex,time-varying systems.In this article,we show that mutations in the spike protein provide valuable data for predicting SARS-CoV-2 variants,forecasting the possible emergence of the new macro-lineage Q in the near future.Our analysis also demonstrates that carbon dioxide concentration is a reliable indicator for predicting the evolution of the climate system,extending global surface air temperature(GSAT)forecasts through 2500.
文摘The exact worldwide prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)re-mains uncertain,despite its recognition as a common condition.This conundrum arises primarily from the lack of a standardized definition for GERD.The gold standard diagnostic tests for GERD,such as pH impedance testing and endo-scopy,are cumbersome and impractical for assessing community prevalence.Consequently,most epidemiological studies rely on symptom-based screening tools.GERD symptoms can be both esophageal and extraesophageal,varying widely among individuals.This variability has led to multiple symptom-based definitions of GERD,with no consensus,resulting in prevalence estimates ranging from 5%to 25%worldwide.Most systematic reviews define GERD as experi-encing heartburn and/or regurgitation at least once weekly,yielding a calculated prevalence of 13.98%.In 2017,the global age-standardized prevalence of GERD was estimated at 8819 per 100000 people(95%confidence interval:7781-9863),a figure that has remained stable from 1990 to 2017.Prevalence increases with age,leading to more years lived with disability.GERD significantly impairs quality of life and can lead to multiple complications.Additionally,it imposes a severe economic burden,with the United States alone estimated to spend around 10 billion dollars annually on diagnosis and treatment.In summary,GERD preva-lence varies greatly by region and even within different areas of the same province.Determining the exact prevalence is challenging due to inconsistent diagnostic criteria.However,it is well-documented that GERD poses a significant global burden,affecting the quality of life of individuals and creating a substantial healthcare cost.
基金Ministry of Education,Culture,Research,and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia through the Kedaireka 2022 Matching Fund Programme(Grant No.282/E1/KS.060.02/2022)。
文摘The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is approximately 20%.Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the levels of 5-methyl-cytosine(5mC)as a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation in buccal swabs and its potential association with the risk of stunting and cognitive performance.The levels of 5mC were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence(WPPSI)was used to measure cognitive function.Buccal swab DNA samples and anthropometric data were collected from a total of 231 children aged zero to five years.In this cross-sectional cohort,the prevalence of stunting was 37%in 138 children aged zero to two years and 30%in 93 children aged over two years.The univariable analysis revealed that the levels of 5mC in buccal swab DNA were significantly lower in severely stunted children(median,2.84;interquartile range[IQR],2.39–4.62)and children aged less than two years(median,2.81;IQR,2.53–4.62)than those in normal children(median,3.75;IQR,2.80–4.74;P-value,0.028)and children aged over four years(median,4.01;IQR,3.39–4.87;P-value<0.001),respectively.We also found that the average cognitive scores tended to be low in boys and stunted children,although the differences were not statistically significant.Furthermore,the levels of 5mC found in buccal swab and mouthwash DNA were not associated with cognitive scores.
文摘Rehabilitation for patients with chronic physical conditions,such as stroke,spinal cord injury,and fibromyalgia,is predominantly focused on physical recovery,often neglecting the affective and social dimensions crucial for comprehensive health outcomes.This oversight contributes to a significant mental health burden,with up to40%of rehabilitating patients experiencing depression or anxiety.This perspective article reviews evidence from social and affective neuroscience to highlight the urgent need to integrate well-being as a central component of rehabilitation.We propose a holistic rehabilitation model that includes psychological,affective,and social interventions alongside physical therapies.This model draws on existing studies demonstrating that emotional resilience and social support are key predictors of successful rehabilitation outcomes.Patients with strong social and affective well-being are more likely to adhere to treatment protocols and achieve better physical recovery.Conversely,neglecting these dimensions can exacerbate mental health conditions,leading to what we identify as a"second wave"of health crises—mental health conditions triggered by chronic physical ailments.By adopting this holistic approach,healthcare systems can improve immediate rehabilitation outcomes,prevent the long-term escalation of mental health issues,and reduce the overall burden on global mental health services,ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients worldwide.
文摘This study systematically examines the strategies essential for enhancing the global presence and influence of Chinese literature through translation.It begins by elucidating the significance of disseminating Chinese literature on a global scale,emphasizing its role in fostering cultural exchange,mutual understanding,and cross-cultural dialogue.Subsequently,the research provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of Chinese literature's international outreach,highlighting both its achievements and the multifaceted challenges encountered during the translation process.By exploring diverse translation strategies—including domestication,foreignization,and cultural adaptation—this paper offers practical and theoretically grounded recommendations for improving the global reception of Chinese literary works.Through detailed case studies of prominent Chinese texts,it demonstrates how the judicious application of translation strategies can effectively convey the richness and cultural nuances of Chinese literature to international audiences.
文摘This article aims to analyze the development and shortcomings in women’s education in Asia during the past two decades.Asian women students have been subjected to numerous forms of discrimination and unequal treatment in school and the global labor market,despite the efforts of educators,politicians,and many related stakeholders.The article first critically examines several theories of globalization and education from the perspective of equity.It then analyzes several typical pieces of study on the obstacles that Asian women students encounter both before and after graduation to draw implications for future research.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(M23JBZY00050)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278032)。
文摘The kinetic characteristics of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are studied by using the global/fluid models hybrid solution method.Firstly,the stable products of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are measured.The results show that the consumption of NH_(3)/O_(2)and the production of N_(2)/H_(2)change linearly with the increase of voltage,which indicates the decoupling of nonequilibrium molecular excitation and oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia at low temperatures.Secondly,the detailed reaction kinetics mechanism of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by a nanosecond pulse voltage at low pressure and room temperature is established.Based on the reaction path analysis,the simplified mechanism is obtained.The detailed and simplified mechanism simulation results are compared with experimental data to verify the accuracy of the simplified mechanism.Finally,based on the simplified mechanism,the fluid model of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by the nanosecond pulse plasma is established to study the pre-sheath/sheath behavior and the resultant consumption and formation of key species.The results show that the generation,development,and propagation of the pre-sheath have a great influence on the formation and consumption of species.The consumption of NH_(3)by the cathode pre-sheath is greater than that by the anode pre-sheath,but the opposite is true for OH and O(1S).However,within the sheath,almost all reactions do not occur.Further,by changing the parameters of nanosecond pulse power supply voltage,it is found that the electron number density,electron current density,and applied peak voltages are not the direct reasons for the structural changes of the sheath and pre-sheath.Furthermore,the discharge interval has little effect on the sheath structure and gas mixture breakdown.The research results of this paper not only help to understand the kinetic promotion of non-equilibrium excitation in the process of oxidative pyrolysis but also help to explore the influence of transport and chemical reaction kinetics on the oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia.
基金Supported by the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program(101120727-PRIMI).
文摘This paper adopts the Global Workspace Theory as a neuro-scientifically plausible theory for developing conscious cognitive architecture.The Global Workspace Theory’s compatibility with the working mechanisms underneath human brains is enhanced by the implementation of different cognitive features based on this framework.Amongst the topics in the literature for intelligent systems,we start with attention,memory and learning mechanisms,and corresponding experiments are summarized here.We also discuss how other topics of cognitive robotics could be developed based on these three basic components,and their correlations.This provides a foundation for future long-term development of cognitive architectures of cognitive robots.The research in this paper follows the incremental research pathway for the architecture implementation,which is consistent with the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture roadmap.
