The construction projects’ dynamic and interconnected nature requires a comprehensive understanding of complexity during pre-construction. Traditional tools such as Gantt charts, CPM, and PERT often overlook uncertai...The construction projects’ dynamic and interconnected nature requires a comprehensive understanding of complexity during pre-construction. Traditional tools such as Gantt charts, CPM, and PERT often overlook uncertainties. This study identifies 20 complexity factors through expert interviews and literature, categorising them into six groups. The Analytical Hierarchy Process evaluated the significance of different factors, establishing their corresponding weights to enhance adaptive project scheduling. A system dynamics (SD) model is developed and tested to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of identified complexity factors. The model simulates the impact of complexity on total project duration (TPD), revealing significant deviations from initial deterministic estimates. Data collection and analysis for reliability tests, including normality and Cronbach alpha, to validate the model’s components and expert feedback. Sensitivity analysis confirmed a positive relationship between complexity and project duration, with higher complexity levels resulting in increased TPD. This relationship highlights the inadequacy of static planning approaches and underscores the importance of addressing complexity dynamically. The study provides a framework for enhancing planning systems through system dynamics and recommends expanding the model to ensure broader applicability in diverse construction projects.展开更多
Projective synchronization problems of a drive system and a particular response network were investigated,where the drive system is an arbitrary system with n+1 dimensions;it may be a linear or nonlinear system,and ev...Projective synchronization problems of a drive system and a particular response network were investigated,where the drive system is an arbitrary system with n+1 dimensions;it may be a linear or nonlinear system,and even a chaotic or hyperchaotic system,the response network is complex system coupled by N nodes,and every node is showed by the approximately linear part of the drive system.Only controlling any one node of the response network by designed controller can achieve the projective synchronization.Some numerical examples were employed to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the designed controller.展开更多
Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of ...Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of its value-added products and their profitability in the North-West Region remains underexplored. This study examined the profitability of maize value-added products in Mezam Division, with the objectives to: 1) identify various maize-based products, 2) assess the diversity of these products, 3) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of selected products, 4) examine the relationship between profitability and product diversity, and 5) identify key constraints impacting profitability. To achieve these objectives, structured questionnaires were administered to 500 small-scale maize entrepreneurs randomly selected from five subdivisions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze objective 1 and 5, while the Shannon Diversity Index was employed to assess product diversity. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted on four selected products namely pap, parched corn, peeled parboiled corn, and corn beer, and a correlation analysis was used to examine objective 4. In total, 13 maize value-added products were identified, with a diversity index of 4.4. The total cost of processing the four selected products per entrepreneur using 18 kg of maize per product was FCFA 83631.5 (US $132.75), while the total revenue was FCFA 121864.5 (US $193.43), resulting in an economic profit of FCFA 38,233 (US $60.69). Pap emerged as the most profitable product, with an economic profit of FCFA 27,875 (US $44.24), while corn beer was the least profitable, with an economic profit of FCFA 2133.46 (US $3.39). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between product diversity and profitability (r = −0.91), indicating that entrepreneurs can maximize profitability by focusing on a few high-demand products like pap and parched corn. Key constraints to profitability included fluctuating market prices, high production costs, limited access to finance, and inadequate storage facilities. Despite these challenges, our findings indicate that maize value addition is profitable in Mezam Division. Entrepreneurs can leverage this data for informed decision-making and future investments. It is recommended that the government promote maize value addition and provide financial support for modern processing equipment to boost profitability and income generation.展开更多
In the context of urban-rural integration development in China,the distribution of value-added income of rural land collective ownership is related to the protection of farmers rights and interests and the specific im...In the context of urban-rural integration development in China,the distribution of value-added income of rural land collective ownership is related to the protection of farmers rights and interests and the specific implementation of rural revitalization strategy.Based on the entry of rural collectively-owned construction land into the market and the compensation system for land expropriation,this paper discusses in detail the distribution of value-added income of rural land collective ownership,analyzes the current situation,existing problems and causes of the current distribution mechanism,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the distribution mechanism.Through literature research and case analysis,this paper reveals the unfair phenomenon in the distribution of value-added income of rural land,and discusses the roles and responsibilities of government,collective organizations and individual farmers in the distribution of income.The results show that establishing a fair and reasonable income distribution mechanism,strengthening the construction of laws and regulations,improving farmers participation and protecting their rights and interests are the key to optimizing the distribution of rural land value-added income.In addition,it is expected that this paper will provide some theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the distribution mechanism of value-added income of rural land collective ownership.展开更多
We show that the volume of the projection bodyΠ(Z)of an n-dimensional zonotope Z with n+1 generators and of volume 1 is always exactly 2^(n).Moroever,we point out that an upper bound on the volume ofΠ(K)of a central...We show that the volume of the projection bodyΠ(Z)of an n-dimensional zonotope Z with n+1 generators and of volume 1 is always exactly 2^(n).Moroever,we point out that an upper bound on the volume ofΠ(K)of a centrally symmetric n-dimensional convex body of volume 1 is at least 2^(n)(9/8)^([n/3]).展开更多
With the growth of the construction industry,risk management in construction projects has garnered significant attention from the academic community.Effective risk management during the decision-making stage can great...With the growth of the construction industry,risk management in construction projects has garnered significant attention from the academic community.Effective risk management during the decision-making stage can greatly enhance project management efficiency.This paper integrates the AHP-entropy value method and constructs a risk management model based on the DPSIR framework for construction projects.The model is applied to evaluate and analyze the risk level of the decision-making stage in a navigation and electricity hub project in Chongqing Municipality.The results demonstrate the scientific validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.展开更多
In the process of cultural and tourism project construction,intelligent construction technology has gradually shown strong advantages.The effective application of this technology not only greatly improves the construc...In the process of cultural and tourism project construction,intelligent construction technology has gradually shown strong advantages.The effective application of this technology not only greatly improves the construction efficiency and quality of cultural and tourism projects,but also effectively controls construction costs,laying a solid foundation for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of the cultural and tourism industry.The article analyzes the current situation of cultural and tourism project construction,proposes the advantages of intelligent construction and its application in the construction mode of cultural and tourism projects,aiming to provide reliable guidance for the sustainable development of cultural and tourism projects.展开更多
The construction phase of a project is a critical factor that significantly impacts its overall success.The construction environment is characterized by uncertainty and dynamism,involving nonlinear relationships among...The construction phase of a project is a critical factor that significantly impacts its overall success.The construction environment is characterized by uncertainty and dynamism,involving nonlinear relationships among various factors that affect construction quality.This study utilized 987 construction inspection records from 1993 to 2022,obtained from the Taiwan residents Public Construction Management Information System(PCMIS),to determine the relationships between construction factors and quality.First,fuzzy logic was applied to calculate the weights of 499 defects,and 25 critical construction factors were selected based on these weight values.Next,a deep neural network was used to identify the relationship between the critical construction factors(input variables)and construction quality(output variable).Finally,the prediction model’s performance was evaluated to confirm the impact of these critical construction factors on project outcomes.This study employed an innovative hybrid soft computing technique,com-bining fuzzy logic and an artificial neural network,to effectively predict the relationship between critical construction factors and construction quality,achieving a model accuracy of 96.08%.Project managers can utilize the findings of this study to enhance project management practices and establish effective construction management strategies,thereby improving project construction quality.展开更多
Under the background of training practical compound talents in software engineering,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching of software engineering courses represented by software project man...Under the background of training practical compound talents in software engineering,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching of software engineering courses represented by software project management,puts forward the team task mechanism of software engineering courses with AI empowerment and cooperation and competition,develops a unified project management platform to support the implementation of team tasks,and proves the effectiveness of the scheme through the results obtained.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hosp...Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hospital treatment from July to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 100 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, while those in the observation group were managed using the safety risk management method of the infusion project team. The tube blocking rate and tube removal rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The one-time puncture success rate and the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and patient satisfaction in the observation group was notably higher, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use is effective and has positive impacts on improving the one-time puncture success rate, the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use, and patient satisfaction. It is a practice worth promoting in clinical settings.展开更多
With the development of our country’s social economy,the construction scale of water conservancy project has had an obvious expansion.In the construction of water conservancy projects,certain impacts on the surroundi...With the development of our country’s social economy,the construction scale of water conservancy project has had an obvious expansion.In the construction of water conservancy projects,certain impacts on the surrounding water and soil conditions are inevitable.These impacts may lead to problems such as soil erosion,which can directly affect local production,livelihoods,and the natural ecological environment on which people depend.In severe cases,such issues may even hinder the progress and quality of the water conservancy project itself.Therefore,in the construction of water conservancy projects,soil and water conservation work is extremely important.Based on this,this paper mainly aimed at the prevention and control of water and soil conservation of water conservancy projects launched the relevant analysis and research.展开更多
With the continuous adjustment of the energy structure,photovoltaic(PV)power generation projects are increasing,playing a crucial role in promoting the application of clean energy.However,the current audit of complete...With the continuous adjustment of the energy structure,photovoltaic(PV)power generation projects are increasing,playing a crucial role in promoting the application of clean energy.However,the current audit of completed final accounts for photovoltaic power generation projects faces many challenges,such as incomplete institutional processes,scattered archive management materials,inadequate digital intelligence systems,and insufficient analysis of final account amounts.Based on this,this article aims to deeply analyze these issues and propose targeted audit suggestions to standardize the construction and audit work of photovoltaic power generation projects and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the photovoltaic power generation business.展开更多
在教育改革持续推进以及教学信息化不断发展的背景下,人教版初中英语教材在形式、内容、设计等方面进行了修订与创新,更符合新时代学生的认知特点和学习需求,同时也对培养学生的语用能力和创新思维能力提出了更高的要求。其中,新增的Pro...在教育改革持续推进以及教学信息化不断发展的背景下,人教版初中英语教材在形式、内容、设计等方面进行了修订与创新,更符合新时代学生的认知特点和学习需求,同时也对培养学生的语用能力和创新思维能力提出了更高的要求。其中,新增的Project项目活动这一板块属于项目化的英语实践类活动。其项目目标的达成是学生将新知学习、语言应用和能力提升相互融合的过程,也是对整个单元学习的应用实践和迁移创新。本文以人教版七年级上册Unit 2的Project为例,主要从微观角度出发,介绍了Project板块的内容分析、具体实施案例、以项目式教学为主的完整教学过程,并探讨了如何让学生在一个完整的项目实施过程中提高自身的语用能力等,为新教材Project板块的讲授提供更多切实可行的教学思路。Against the backdrop of ongoing educational reforms and continuous development of teaching informatization, the People’s Education Press (PEP) junior high school English textbooks have undergone revisions and innovations in form, content, design, etc., to better align with the cognitive characteristics and learning needs of students in the new era. At the same time, higher requirements have been proposed for cultivating students’ pragmatic abilities and innovative thinking skills. Among them, the newly added Project activity section belongs to project-based English practical activities. Achieving the project objectives is a process where students integrate new knowledge learning, language application, and ability enhancement. It is also an application practice and innovative transfer of the entire unit’s learning. Taking the Project in Unit 2 of the PEP Grade 7 Volume 1 as an example, this article mainly starts from a micro perspective, introducing the content analysis of the Project section, specific implementation cases, a complete teaching process dominated by project-based teaching, and explores how to improve students’ pragmatic abilities during a complete project implementation process, providing more practical and feasible teaching ideas for the teaching of the new textbook’s Project section.展开更多
Against the current social and technological background dominated by services and technology,new opportunities are opening up for the industrial transformation and upgrading of the construction industry.Considering th...Against the current social and technological background dominated by services and technology,new opportunities are opening up for the industrial transformation and upgrading of the construction industry.Considering the successful transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry through servitization,scholars and practitioners have begun to explore the possibility of servitization in the construction industry.Current practices and theory show that different understandings of servitization in the construction sector exist;however,they are still in their infancy and lack a deep and systematic awareness,which does not benefit the transformation and upgrading of construction through servitization.Therefore,this paper systematically analyzes the motivation,definition,and implications of servitization in construction based on the value-adding nature of servitization and considers the problems confronting the construction industry.To facilitate this development,transformation pathways for servitization in construction are analyzed from multiple angles,including value co-creation,service innovation,and networked operation,which are in line with the new trends in digital construction.In addition,based on the supporting elements of construction,which include finance,human resources,technology,materials,and equipment,this paper examines the impact of servitization on the construction industry’s ecology.In short,we expect that this systematic analysis and exposition can provide a holistic view of servitization in construction from the inside out for scholars and practitioners and can help to promote servitization in construction.展开更多
Plastic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern society.Nevertheless,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of plastic,coupled with a recycling rate of only ...Plastic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern society.Nevertheless,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of plastic,coupled with a recycling rate of only 9%,has led to a monumental environmental crisis.Plastic recycling has emerged as a vital response to this crisis,offering sustainable solutions to mitigate its environmental impact.Among these recycling efforts,plastic upcycling has garnered attention,which elevates discarded plastics into higher-value products.Here,electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic treatments stand at the forefront of advanced plastic upcycling.Electrocatalytic or photoelectrocatalytic treatments involve chemical reactions that facilitate electron transfer through the electrode/electrolyte interface,driven by electrical or solar energy,respectively.These methods enable precise control of chemical reactions,harnessing potential,current density,or light to yield valuable chemical products.This review explores recent progress in plastic upcycling through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic pathways,offering promising solutions to the plastic waste crisis and advancing sustainability in the plastics industry.展开更多
The C.oleifera oil processing industry generates large amounts of solid wastes,including C.oleifera shell(COS)and C.oleifera cake(COC).Distinct from generally acknowledged lignocellulosic biomass(corn stover,bamboo,bi...The C.oleifera oil processing industry generates large amounts of solid wastes,including C.oleifera shell(COS)and C.oleifera cake(COC).Distinct from generally acknowledged lignocellulosic biomass(corn stover,bamboo,birch,etc.),Camellia wastes contain diverse bioactive substances in addition to the abundant lignocellulosic components,and thus,the biorefinery utilization of C.oleifera processing byproducts involves complicated processing technologies.This reviewfirst summarizes various technologies for extracting and converting the main components in C.oleifera oil processing byproducts into value-added chemicals and biobased materials,as well as their potential applications.Microwave,ultrasound,and Soxhlet extractions are compared for the extraction of functional bioactive components(tannin,flavonoid,saponin,etc.),while solvothermal conversion and pyrolysis are discussed for the conversion of lignocellulosic components into value-added chemicals.The application areas of these chemicals according to their properties are introduced in detail,including utilizing antioxidant and anti-in-flammatory properties of the bioactive substances for the specific application,as well as drop-in chemicals for the substitution of unrenewable fossil fuel-derived products.In addition to chemical production,biochar fabricated from COS and its applications in thefields of adsorption,supercapacitor,soil remediation and wood composites are comprehensively reviewed and discussed.Finally,based on the compositions and structural characteristics of C.oleifera byproducts,the development of full-component valorization strategies and the expansion of the appli-cationfields are proposed.展开更多
Precipitation projections over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)show diversity among existing studies,partly due to model uncertainty.How to develop a reliable projection remains inconclusive.Here,based on the IPCC AR6–assesse...Precipitation projections over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)show diversity among existing studies,partly due to model uncertainty.How to develop a reliable projection remains inconclusive.Here,based on the IPCC AR6–assessed likely range of equilibrium climate sensitivity(ECS)and the climatological precipitation performance,the authors constrain the CMIP6(phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project)model projection of summer precipitation and water availability over the TP.The best estimates of precipitation changes are 0.24,0.25,and 0.45 mm d^(−1)(5.9%,6.1%,and 11.2%)under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)scenarios of SSP1–2.6,SSP2–4.5,and SSP5–8.5 from 2050–2099 relative to 1965–2014,respectively.The corresponding constrained projections of water availability measured by precipitation minus evaporation(P–E)are 0.10,0.09,and 0.22 mm d^(−1)(5.7%,4.9%,and 13.2%),respectively.The increase of precipitation and P–E projected by the high-ECS models,whose ECS values are higher than the upper limit of the likely range,are about 1.7 times larger than those estimated by constrained projections.Spatially,there is a larger increase in precipitation and P–E over the eastern TP,while the western part shows a relatively weak difference in precipitation and a drier trend in P–E.The wetter TP projected by the high-ECS models resulted from both an approximately 1.2–1.4 times stronger hydrological sensitivity and additional warming of 0.6℃–1.2℃ under all three scenarios during 2050–2099.This study emphasizes that selecting climate models with climate sensitivity within the likely range is crucial to reducing the uncertainty in the projection of TP precipitation and water availability changes.展开更多
文摘The construction projects’ dynamic and interconnected nature requires a comprehensive understanding of complexity during pre-construction. Traditional tools such as Gantt charts, CPM, and PERT often overlook uncertainties. This study identifies 20 complexity factors through expert interviews and literature, categorising them into six groups. The Analytical Hierarchy Process evaluated the significance of different factors, establishing their corresponding weights to enhance adaptive project scheduling. A system dynamics (SD) model is developed and tested to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of identified complexity factors. The model simulates the impact of complexity on total project duration (TPD), revealing significant deviations from initial deterministic estimates. Data collection and analysis for reliability tests, including normality and Cronbach alpha, to validate the model’s components and expert feedback. Sensitivity analysis confirmed a positive relationship between complexity and project duration, with higher complexity levels resulting in increased TPD. This relationship highlights the inadequacy of static planning approaches and underscores the importance of addressing complexity dynamically. The study provides a framework for enhancing planning systems through system dynamics and recommends expanding the model to ensure broader applicability in diverse construction projects.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11161027)。
文摘Projective synchronization problems of a drive system and a particular response network were investigated,where the drive system is an arbitrary system with n+1 dimensions;it may be a linear or nonlinear system,and even a chaotic or hyperchaotic system,the response network is complex system coupled by N nodes,and every node is showed by the approximately linear part of the drive system.Only controlling any one node of the response network by designed controller can achieve the projective synchronization.Some numerical examples were employed to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the designed controller.
文摘Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of its value-added products and their profitability in the North-West Region remains underexplored. This study examined the profitability of maize value-added products in Mezam Division, with the objectives to: 1) identify various maize-based products, 2) assess the diversity of these products, 3) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of selected products, 4) examine the relationship between profitability and product diversity, and 5) identify key constraints impacting profitability. To achieve these objectives, structured questionnaires were administered to 500 small-scale maize entrepreneurs randomly selected from five subdivisions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze objective 1 and 5, while the Shannon Diversity Index was employed to assess product diversity. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted on four selected products namely pap, parched corn, peeled parboiled corn, and corn beer, and a correlation analysis was used to examine objective 4. In total, 13 maize value-added products were identified, with a diversity index of 4.4. The total cost of processing the four selected products per entrepreneur using 18 kg of maize per product was FCFA 83631.5 (US $132.75), while the total revenue was FCFA 121864.5 (US $193.43), resulting in an economic profit of FCFA 38,233 (US $60.69). Pap emerged as the most profitable product, with an economic profit of FCFA 27,875 (US $44.24), while corn beer was the least profitable, with an economic profit of FCFA 2133.46 (US $3.39). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between product diversity and profitability (r = −0.91), indicating that entrepreneurs can maximize profitability by focusing on a few high-demand products like pap and parched corn. Key constraints to profitability included fluctuating market prices, high production costs, limited access to finance, and inadequate storage facilities. Despite these challenges, our findings indicate that maize value addition is profitable in Mezam Division. Entrepreneurs can leverage this data for informed decision-making and future investments. It is recommended that the government promote maize value addition and provide financial support for modern processing equipment to boost profitability and income generation.
文摘In the context of urban-rural integration development in China,the distribution of value-added income of rural land collective ownership is related to the protection of farmers rights and interests and the specific implementation of rural revitalization strategy.Based on the entry of rural collectively-owned construction land into the market and the compensation system for land expropriation,this paper discusses in detail the distribution of value-added income of rural land collective ownership,analyzes the current situation,existing problems and causes of the current distribution mechanism,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the distribution mechanism.Through literature research and case analysis,this paper reveals the unfair phenomenon in the distribution of value-added income of rural land,and discusses the roles and responsibilities of government,collective organizations and individual farmers in the distribution of income.The results show that establishing a fair and reasonable income distribution mechanism,strengthening the construction of laws and regulations,improving farmers participation and protecting their rights and interests are the key to optimizing the distribution of rural land value-added income.In addition,it is expected that this paper will provide some theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the distribution mechanism of value-added income of rural land collective ownership.
文摘We show that the volume of the projection bodyΠ(Z)of an n-dimensional zonotope Z with n+1 generators and of volume 1 is always exactly 2^(n).Moroever,we point out that an upper bound on the volume ofΠ(K)of a centrally symmetric n-dimensional convex body of volume 1 is at least 2^(n)(9/8)^([n/3]).
文摘With the growth of the construction industry,risk management in construction projects has garnered significant attention from the academic community.Effective risk management during the decision-making stage can greatly enhance project management efficiency.This paper integrates the AHP-entropy value method and constructs a risk management model based on the DPSIR framework for construction projects.The model is applied to evaluate and analyze the risk level of the decision-making stage in a navigation and electricity hub project in Chongqing Municipality.The results demonstrate the scientific validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.
文摘In the process of cultural and tourism project construction,intelligent construction technology has gradually shown strong advantages.The effective application of this technology not only greatly improves the construction efficiency and quality of cultural and tourism projects,but also effectively controls construction costs,laying a solid foundation for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of the cultural and tourism industry.The article analyzes the current situation of cultural and tourism project construction,proposes the advantages of intelligent construction and its application in the construction mode of cultural and tourism projects,aiming to provide reliable guidance for the sustainable development of cultural and tourism projects.
文摘The construction phase of a project is a critical factor that significantly impacts its overall success.The construction environment is characterized by uncertainty and dynamism,involving nonlinear relationships among various factors that affect construction quality.This study utilized 987 construction inspection records from 1993 to 2022,obtained from the Taiwan residents Public Construction Management Information System(PCMIS),to determine the relationships between construction factors and quality.First,fuzzy logic was applied to calculate the weights of 499 defects,and 25 critical construction factors were selected based on these weight values.Next,a deep neural network was used to identify the relationship between the critical construction factors(input variables)and construction quality(output variable).Finally,the prediction model’s performance was evaluated to confirm the impact of these critical construction factors on project outcomes.This study employed an innovative hybrid soft computing technique,com-bining fuzzy logic and an artificial neural network,to effectively predict the relationship between critical construction factors and construction quality,achieving a model accuracy of 96.08%.Project managers can utilize the findings of this study to enhance project management practices and establish effective construction management strategies,thereby improving project construction quality.
文摘Under the background of training practical compound talents in software engineering,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching of software engineering courses represented by software project management,puts forward the team task mechanism of software engineering courses with AI empowerment and cooperation and competition,develops a unified project management platform to support the implementation of team tasks,and proves the effectiveness of the scheme through the results obtained.
文摘Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hospital treatment from July to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 100 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, while those in the observation group were managed using the safety risk management method of the infusion project team. The tube blocking rate and tube removal rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The one-time puncture success rate and the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and patient satisfaction in the observation group was notably higher, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use is effective and has positive impacts on improving the one-time puncture success rate, the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use, and patient satisfaction. It is a practice worth promoting in clinical settings.
文摘With the development of our country’s social economy,the construction scale of water conservancy project has had an obvious expansion.In the construction of water conservancy projects,certain impacts on the surrounding water and soil conditions are inevitable.These impacts may lead to problems such as soil erosion,which can directly affect local production,livelihoods,and the natural ecological environment on which people depend.In severe cases,such issues may even hinder the progress and quality of the water conservancy project itself.Therefore,in the construction of water conservancy projects,soil and water conservation work is extremely important.Based on this,this paper mainly aimed at the prevention and control of water and soil conservation of water conservancy projects launched the relevant analysis and research.
文摘With the continuous adjustment of the energy structure,photovoltaic(PV)power generation projects are increasing,playing a crucial role in promoting the application of clean energy.However,the current audit of completed final accounts for photovoltaic power generation projects faces many challenges,such as incomplete institutional processes,scattered archive management materials,inadequate digital intelligence systems,and insufficient analysis of final account amounts.Based on this,this article aims to deeply analyze these issues and propose targeted audit suggestions to standardize the construction and audit work of photovoltaic power generation projects and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the photovoltaic power generation business.
文摘在教育改革持续推进以及教学信息化不断发展的背景下,人教版初中英语教材在形式、内容、设计等方面进行了修订与创新,更符合新时代学生的认知特点和学习需求,同时也对培养学生的语用能力和创新思维能力提出了更高的要求。其中,新增的Project项目活动这一板块属于项目化的英语实践类活动。其项目目标的达成是学生将新知学习、语言应用和能力提升相互融合的过程,也是对整个单元学习的应用实践和迁移创新。本文以人教版七年级上册Unit 2的Project为例,主要从微观角度出发,介绍了Project板块的内容分析、具体实施案例、以项目式教学为主的完整教学过程,并探讨了如何让学生在一个完整的项目实施过程中提高自身的语用能力等,为新教材Project板块的讲授提供更多切实可行的教学思路。Against the backdrop of ongoing educational reforms and continuous development of teaching informatization, the People’s Education Press (PEP) junior high school English textbooks have undergone revisions and innovations in form, content, design, etc., to better align with the cognitive characteristics and learning needs of students in the new era. At the same time, higher requirements have been proposed for cultivating students’ pragmatic abilities and innovative thinking skills. Among them, the newly added Project activity section belongs to project-based English practical activities. Achieving the project objectives is a process where students integrate new knowledge learning, language application, and ability enhancement. It is also an application practice and innovative transfer of the entire unit’s learning. Taking the Project in Unit 2 of the PEP Grade 7 Volume 1 as an example, this article mainly starts from a micro perspective, introducing the content analysis of the Project section, specific implementation cases, a complete teaching process dominated by project-based teaching, and explores how to improve students’ pragmatic abilities during a complete project implementation process, providing more practical and feasible teaching ideas for the teaching of the new textbook’s Project section.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71821001,71732001,and 72001131).The authors would like to thank the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions on earlier versions of the manuscript.
文摘Against the current social and technological background dominated by services and technology,new opportunities are opening up for the industrial transformation and upgrading of the construction industry.Considering the successful transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry through servitization,scholars and practitioners have begun to explore the possibility of servitization in the construction industry.Current practices and theory show that different understandings of servitization in the construction sector exist;however,they are still in their infancy and lack a deep and systematic awareness,which does not benefit the transformation and upgrading of construction through servitization.Therefore,this paper systematically analyzes the motivation,definition,and implications of servitization in construction based on the value-adding nature of servitization and considers the problems confronting the construction industry.To facilitate this development,transformation pathways for servitization in construction are analyzed from multiple angles,including value co-creation,service innovation,and networked operation,which are in line with the new trends in digital construction.In addition,based on the supporting elements of construction,which include finance,human resources,technology,materials,and equipment,this paper examines the impact of servitization on the construction industry’s ecology.In short,we expect that this systematic analysis and exposition can provide a holistic view of servitization in construction from the inside out for scholars and practitioners and can help to promote servitization in construction.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2023-00302697,2022H1D3A3A01077254)。
文摘Plastic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern society.Nevertheless,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of plastic,coupled with a recycling rate of only 9%,has led to a monumental environmental crisis.Plastic recycling has emerged as a vital response to this crisis,offering sustainable solutions to mitigate its environmental impact.Among these recycling efforts,plastic upcycling has garnered attention,which elevates discarded plastics into higher-value products.Here,electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic treatments stand at the forefront of advanced plastic upcycling.Electrocatalytic or photoelectrocatalytic treatments involve chemical reactions that facilitate electron transfer through the electrode/electrolyte interface,driven by electrical or solar energy,respectively.These methods enable precise control of chemical reactions,harnessing potential,current density,or light to yield valuable chemical products.This review explores recent progress in plastic upcycling through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic pathways,offering promising solutions to the plastic waste crisis and advancing sustainability in the plastics industry.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32201509)Hunan Science and Technology Xiaohe Talent Support Project(2022 TJ-XH 013)+6 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2022RC1156,2021RC2100)State Key Laboratory of Woody Oil Resource Utilization Common Key Technology Innovation for the Green Transformation of Woody Oil(XLKY202205)State Key Laboratory of Woody Oil Resource Utilization Project(2019XK2002)Key Research and Development Program of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration(GLM[2021]95)Hunan Forestry Outstanding Youth Project(XLK202108-1)Changsha Science and Technology Project(kq2202325,kq2107022)Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent of Hunan Province(2020RC4026).
文摘The C.oleifera oil processing industry generates large amounts of solid wastes,including C.oleifera shell(COS)and C.oleifera cake(COC).Distinct from generally acknowledged lignocellulosic biomass(corn stover,bamboo,birch,etc.),Camellia wastes contain diverse bioactive substances in addition to the abundant lignocellulosic components,and thus,the biorefinery utilization of C.oleifera processing byproducts involves complicated processing technologies.This reviewfirst summarizes various technologies for extracting and converting the main components in C.oleifera oil processing byproducts into value-added chemicals and biobased materials,as well as their potential applications.Microwave,ultrasound,and Soxhlet extractions are compared for the extraction of functional bioactive components(tannin,flavonoid,saponin,etc.),while solvothermal conversion and pyrolysis are discussed for the conversion of lignocellulosic components into value-added chemicals.The application areas of these chemicals according to their properties are introduced in detail,including utilizing antioxidant and anti-in-flammatory properties of the bioactive substances for the specific application,as well as drop-in chemicals for the substitution of unrenewable fossil fuel-derived products.In addition to chemical production,biochar fabricated from COS and its applications in thefields of adsorption,supercapacitor,soil remediation and wood composites are comprehensively reviewed and discussed.Finally,based on the compositions and structural characteristics of C.oleifera byproducts,the development of full-component valorization strategies and the expansion of the appli-cationfields are proposed.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program[grant number 2019QZKK0102]the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number 060GJHZ2023079GC].
文摘Precipitation projections over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)show diversity among existing studies,partly due to model uncertainty.How to develop a reliable projection remains inconclusive.Here,based on the IPCC AR6–assessed likely range of equilibrium climate sensitivity(ECS)and the climatological precipitation performance,the authors constrain the CMIP6(phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project)model projection of summer precipitation and water availability over the TP.The best estimates of precipitation changes are 0.24,0.25,and 0.45 mm d^(−1)(5.9%,6.1%,and 11.2%)under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)scenarios of SSP1–2.6,SSP2–4.5,and SSP5–8.5 from 2050–2099 relative to 1965–2014,respectively.The corresponding constrained projections of water availability measured by precipitation minus evaporation(P–E)are 0.10,0.09,and 0.22 mm d^(−1)(5.7%,4.9%,and 13.2%),respectively.The increase of precipitation and P–E projected by the high-ECS models,whose ECS values are higher than the upper limit of the likely range,are about 1.7 times larger than those estimated by constrained projections.Spatially,there is a larger increase in precipitation and P–E over the eastern TP,while the western part shows a relatively weak difference in precipitation and a drier trend in P–E.The wetter TP projected by the high-ECS models resulted from both an approximately 1.2–1.4 times stronger hydrological sensitivity and additional warming of 0.6℃–1.2℃ under all three scenarios during 2050–2099.This study emphasizes that selecting climate models with climate sensitivity within the likely range is crucial to reducing the uncertainty in the projection of TP precipitation and water availability changes.
