This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies,emphasizing the need for reliable and userfriendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection.In additio...This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies,emphasizing the need for reliable and userfriendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection.In addition,examines key strategies for designing glucose sensors that are multi-functional,reliable,and cost-effective in a variety of contexts.The unique features of effective diabetes management technology are highlighted,with a focus on using nano/biosensor devices that can quickly and accurately detect glucose levels in the blood,improving patient treatment and control of potential diabetes-related infections.The potential of next-generation wearable and touch-sensitive nano biomedical sensor engineering designs for providing full control in assessing implantable,continuous glucose monitoring is also explored.The challenges of standardizing drug or insulin delivery doses,low-cost,real-time detection of increased blood sugar levels in diabetics,and early digital health awareness controls for the adverse effects of injectable medication are identified as unmet needs.Also,the market for biosensors is expected to expand significantly due to the rising need for portable diagnostic equipment and an ever-increasing diabetic population.The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for further research and development of glucose biosensors to meet the stringent requirements for sensitivity and specificity imposed by clinical diagnostics while being cost-effective,stable,and durable.展开更多
At present,debris flow warning uses precipitation threshold and issues regional warning throughout the world.Precipitation threshold warning is less accurate and in most of the time large portion of unaffected populat...At present,debris flow warning uses precipitation threshold and issues regional warning throughout the world.Precipitation threshold warning is less accurate and in most of the time large portion of unaffected population are evacuated.More precise warning should use direct monitoring.There are many debris flow monitoring stations but no real time warning system in use.The main reason is that the identification and confirmation of debris flow occurrence requires human interaction and it is too slow.A debris flow monitoring and warning system has been installed in the midstream section of Yusui Stream,Taiwan China.The monitoring station operates fully automatically,providing early warnings without the need for manual intervention.The system comprises two webcam cameras,two Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems(MEMS),and a rain gauge.The arrival of debris flows is detected and confirmed through both webcam images and MEMS signals.Once debris flow is detected,the system automatically issues a warning to the affected areas via voice messages,line messages,broadcasts,and web-based alerts.The webcam cameras are also used to estimate debris flow velocity and flow height,while the MEMS sensors are utilized to determine the phase speed and flow rate.On July 24th,2014,Typhoon Gaemi triggered several debris flows,and the system successfully issued several warnings automatically.The entire video record,along with depth variation data,was recorded automatically.展开更多
[Objective]Real-time monitoring of cow ruminant behavior is of paramount importance for promptly obtaining relevant information about cow health and predicting cow diseases.Currently,various strategies have been propo...[Objective]Real-time monitoring of cow ruminant behavior is of paramount importance for promptly obtaining relevant information about cow health and predicting cow diseases.Currently,various strategies have been proposed for monitoring cow ruminant behavior,including video surveillance,sound recognition,and sensor monitoring methods.How‐ever,the application of edge device gives rise to the issue of inadequate real-time performance.To reduce the volume of data transmission and cloud computing workload while achieving real-time monitoring of dairy cow rumination behavior,a real-time monitoring method was proposed for cow ruminant behavior based on edge computing.[Methods]Autono‐mously designed edge devices were utilized to collect and process six-axis acceleration signals from cows in real-time.Based on these six-axis data,two distinct strategies,federated edge intelligence and split edge intelligence,were investigat‐ed for the real-time recognition of cow ruminant behavior.Focused on the real-time recognition method for cow ruminant behavior leveraging federated edge intelligence,the CA-MobileNet v3 network was proposed by enhancing the MobileNet v3 network with a collaborative attention mechanism.Additionally,a federated edge intelligence model was designed uti‐lizing the CA-MobileNet v3 network and the FedAvg federated aggregation algorithm.In the study on split edge intelli‐gence,a split edge intelligence model named MobileNet-LSTM was designed by integrating the MobileNet v3 network with a fusion collaborative attention mechanism and the Bi-LSTM network.[Results and Discussions]Through compara‐tive experiments with MobileNet v3 and MobileNet-LSTM,the federated edge intelligence model based on CA-Mo‐bileNet v3 achieved an average Precision rate,Recall rate,F1-Score,Specificity,and Accuracy of 97.1%,97.9%,97.5%,98.3%,and 98.2%,respectively,yielding the best recognition performance.[Conclusions]It is provided a real-time and effective method for monitoring cow ruminant behavior,and the proposed federated edge intelligence model can be ap‐plied in practical settings.展开更多
Controlled laboratory experiments are proved to be a valuable tool for investigating changes in underground physical properties and the related response of surface geophysical signals.The self-potential(SP)method is w...Controlled laboratory experiments are proved to be a valuable tool for investigating changes in underground physical properties and the related response of surface geophysical signals.The self-potential(SP)method is widely used in mineral resource exploration due to its direct correlation with underground electrochemical gradients.This paper presented the design and construction of an experimental platform based on a multi-channel SP monitoring system.The proposed platform was used to monitor the anodizing corrosion process of different metal blocks from a laboratory perspective,record the real-time SP signal generated by the redox reaction,as well as investigate the geobattery mechanism associated with the natural polarization process of metal mineral resources.The experimental results demonstrate that the constructed SP monitoring platform effectively captures time-series SP signals and provides direct laboratory evidence for the geobattery model.The measured SP data were quantitatively interpreted using the simulated annealing algorithm,and the inversion results closely match the real model.This finding highlights the potential of the SP method as a promising tool for determining the location and spatial distribution of underground polarizers.The study holds reference value for the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources in both terrestrial and marine environments.展开更多
To optimize the self-organization network, self-adaptation, real-time monitoring, remote management capability, and equipment reuse level of the meteorological station supporting the portable groundwater circulation w...To optimize the self-organization network, self-adaptation, real-time monitoring, remote management capability, and equipment reuse level of the meteorological station supporting the portable groundwater circulation wells, and to provide real-time and effective technical services and environmental data support for groundwater remediation, a real-time monitoring system design of the meteorological station supporting the portable groundwater circulation wells based on the existing equipment is proposed. A variety of environmental element information is collected and transmitted to the embedded web server by the intelligent weather transmitter, and then processed by the algorithm and stored internally, displayed locally, and published on the web. The system monitoring algorithm and user interface are designed in the CNWSCADA development environment to realize real-time processing and analysis of environmental data and monitoring, control, management, and maintenance of the system status. The PLC-controlled photovoltaic power generating panels and lithium battery packs are in line with the concept of energy saving and emission reduction, and at the same time, as an emergency power supply to guarantee the safety of equipment and data when the utility power fails to meet the requirements. The experiment proves that the system has the characteristics of remote control, real-time interaction, simple station deployment, reliable operation, convenient maintenance, and green environment protection, which is conducive to improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of various types of environmental information and providing reliable data support, theoretical basis and guidance suggestions for the research of groundwater remediation technology and its disciplines, and the research and development of the movable groundwater cycling well monitoring system.展开更多
The municipalities of Ubatuba, Campos do Jord?o, and S?o José dos Campos are located in the region of S?o Paulo State (Brazil). These municipalities are recognized nationally for having an elevated number of reco...The municipalities of Ubatuba, Campos do Jord?o, and S?o José dos Campos are located in the region of S?o Paulo State (Brazil). These municipalities are recognized nationally for having an elevated number of recorded landslides on slopes and embankments. In addition, these municipalities contain multiple areas that are at risk for landslides. Various soil landslides occurred in these municipalities in January 2013, when real-time climactic and geotechnical variables were monitored by automatic rain gauges, humidity sensors and soil temperature and suction devices. The resulting data were used to understand the functions of each variable in the occurrence of land- slides. Analyses of rainfall, humidity and soil temperature were used with field investigations to formulate a hypothesis regarding the predominant rupture mechanism and the role of each monitored variable in the deflagration of the soil landslides that occurred in the three studied municipalities. The geotechnical variable data revealed that both temperature and soil moisture contents played fundamental roles in the deflagration of shallow planar landslides in urban areas. The hourly rain intensity and/or rainfall accumulation for 24 and/or 72 h were responsible for the deflagration of the landslides that occurred in the studied areas, along with the existing anthropic constraints in the risk areas. Significant variations did not occur in the soil suction data during the landslides, principally due to the unsatisfactory sensor precision when reading field suction between –10 and?–100 kPA (±25%).展开更多
Failures are very common during the online real-time monitoring of large quantities of complex liquids in industrial processes, and can result in excessive resource consumption and pollution. In this study, we introdu...Failures are very common during the online real-time monitoring of large quantities of complex liquids in industrial processes, and can result in excessive resource consumption and pollution. In this study, we introduce a monitoring method capable of non-contact original-state online real-time monitoring for strongly coated, high-salinity, and multi-component liquids. The principle of the method is to establish the relationship among the concentration of the target substance in the liquid （C）, the color space coor- dinates of the target substance at different concentrations （L＊, a＊, b＊）, and the maximum absorption wave- length （λmax）; subsequently, the optimum wavelength λT of the liquid is determined by a high-precision scanning-type monitoring system that is used to detect the instantaneous concentration of the target substance in the flowing liquid. Unlike traditional monitoring methods and existing online monitoring methods, the proposed method does not require any pretreatment of the samples （i.e., filtration, dilution, oxidation/reduction, addition of chromogenic agent, constant volume, etc.）, and it is capable of original- state online real-time monitoring. This method is employed at a large electrolytic manganese plant to monitor the Fe3. concentration in the colloidal process of the plant＇s aging liquid （where the concentra- tions of Fe3＋, Mn2＋, and （NH4）2SO4 are 0.5-18 mg.L 1, 35-39 g.L 1, and 90-110 g.L 1, respectively）. The relative error of this monitoring method compared with an off-line laboratory monitoring is less than 2%.展开更多
The monitoring of soil moisture content in paddy field is one of important parts and contents of regional soil moisture monitoring. But a good monitoring scheme hasn’t been established. A real-time monitoring scheme ...The monitoring of soil moisture content in paddy field is one of important parts and contents of regional soil moisture monitoring. But a good monitoring scheme hasn’t been established. A real-time monitoring scheme of soil moisture content in paddy field was put forward from two key links of soil moisture content monitoring and field water-layer monitoring. This scheme could meet the alternative monitoring requirements of soil moisture content in water layer and none-water layer. It had a good maneuverability and could provide references for practical work.展开更多
The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the buildi...The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the building to collapse.Many small changes caused the tower’s collapse,but the early staff often could not intuitively notice the changes in the tower’s state.In the current tower online monitoring system,terminal equipment often needs to replace batteries frequently due to premature exhaustion of power.According to the need for real-time measurement of power line tower,this research designed a real-time monitoring device monitoring the transmission tower attitude tilting and foundation state based on the inertial sensor,the acceleration of 3 axis inertial sensor and angular velocity raw data to pole average filtering pre-processing,and then through the complementary filtering algorithm for comprehensive calculation of tilt angle,the system meets the demand for inclined online monitoring of power line poles and towers regarding measurement accuracy,with low cost and power consumption.The optimization multi-sensor cooperative detection and correction measured tilt angle result relative accuracy can reach 1.03%,which has specific promotion and application value since the system has the advantages of unattended and efficient calculation.展开更多
Battery systems are increasingly being used for powering ocean going ships,and the number of fully electric or hybrid ships relying on battery power for propulsion is growing.To ensure the safety of such ships,it is i...Battery systems are increasingly being used for powering ocean going ships,and the number of fully electric or hybrid ships relying on battery power for propulsion is growing.To ensure the safety of such ships,it is important to monitor the available energy that can be stored in the batteries,and classification societies typically require the state of health(SOH)to be verified by independent tests.This paper addresses statistical modeling of SOH for maritime lithium-ion batteries based on operational sensor data.Various methods for sensor-based,data-driven degradation monitoring will be presented,and advantages and challenges with the different approaches will be discussed.The different approaches include cumulative degradation models and snapshot models,models that need to be trained and models that need no prior training,and pure data-driven models and physics-informed models.Some of the methods only rely on measured data,such as current,voltage,and temperature,whereas others rely on derived quantities such as state of charge.Models include simple statistical models and more complicated machine learning techniques.Insight from this exploration will be important in establishing a framework for data-driven diagnostics and prognostics of maritime battery systems within the scope of classification societies.展开更多
Landslides have occurred frequently in the Luoshan mining area because of disordered mining.This paper discusses the landforms and physiognomy,hydro-meteorology,formation lithology,and geologic structure of the Luosha...Landslides have occurred frequently in the Luoshan mining area because of disordered mining.This paper discusses the landforms and physiognomy,hydro-meteorology,formation lithology,and geologic structure of the Luoshan mining area.It also describes the factors influencing the slope stability of landslide No.Ⅲ,determines the general parameters and typical section plane,analyzes the stress-strain state of the No.Ⅲ slope,and calculates its safety factors with FLAC3 D under saturated and natural conditions.Based on a stability analysis,a remote real-time monitoring system was applied to the No.Ⅲ slope,and these monitoring data were collected and analyzed.展开更多
As a new technical means that can detect abnormal signs of water inrush in advance and give an early warning,the automatic monitoring and early warning of water inrush in mines has been widely valued in recent years.D...As a new technical means that can detect abnormal signs of water inrush in advance and give an early warning,the automatic monitoring and early warning of water inrush in mines has been widely valued in recent years.Due to the many factors affecting water inrush and the complicated water inrush mechanism,many factors close to water inrush may have precursory abnormal changes.At present,the existing monitoring and early warning system mainly uses a few monitoring indicators such as groundwater level,water influx,and temperature,and performs water inrush early warning through the abnormal change of a single factor.However,there are relatively few multi-factor comprehensive early warning identification models.Based on the analysis of the abnormal changes of precursor factors in multiple water inrush cases,11 measurable and effective indicators including groundwater flow field,hydrochemical field and temperature field are proposed.Finally,taking Hengyuan coal mine as an example,6 indicators with long-term monitoring data sequences were selected to establish a single-index hierarchical early-warning recognition model,a multi-factor linear recognition model,and a comprehensive intelligent early-warning recognition model.The results show that the correct rate of early warning can reach 95.2%.展开更多
Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases.Among them,atrial fibrillation(AF)and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical...Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases.Among them,atrial fibrillation(AF)and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical events.Early diagnosis of arrhythmias,particularly AF and ventricular arrhythmias,is very important for the treatment and prognosis of patients.Holter is a gold standard commonly recommended for noninvasive detection of paroxysmal arrhythmia.However,it has some shortcomings such as fixed detection timings,delayed report and inability of remote real-time detection.To deal with such problems,we designed and applied a new wearable 72-hour triple-lead H3-electrocardiogram(ECG)device with a remote cloud-based ECG platform and an expertsupporting system.In this study,31 patients were recruited and 24-hour synchronous ECG data by H3-ECG and Holter were recorded.In the H3-ECG group,ECG signals were transmitted using remote real-time modes,and confirmed reports were made by doctors in the remote expert-supporting system,while the traditional modes and detection systems were used in the Holter group.The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in 24-hour total heart rate(HR),averaged HR,maximum HR,minimum HR,premature atrial complexes(PACs)and premature ventricular complexes(PVCs)(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of capture and remote automatic cardiac events detection of PACs,PVCs,and AF by H3-ECG were 93%and 99%,98%and 99%,94%and 98%,respectively.Therefore,the long-term limb triple-lead H3-ECG device can be utilized for domiciliary ECG self-monitoring and remote management of patients with common arrhythmia under medical supervision.展开更多
Based on digital image processing technique, a real-time system is developed to monitor and detect the dynamic displacement of engineering structures. By processing pictures with a self-programmed software, the real-t...Based on digital image processing technique, a real-time system is developed to monitor and detect the dynamic displacement of engineering structures. By processing pictures with a self-programmed software, the real-time coordinate of an object in a certain coordinate system can be obtained, and further dynamic displacement data and curve of the object can also be achieved. That is, automatic gathering and real-time processing of data can be carried out by this system simultaneously. For this system, first, an untouched monitoring technique is adopted, which can monitor or detect objects several to hundreds of meters apart; second, it has flexible installation condition and good monitoring precision of sub-millimeter degree; third, it is fit for dynamic, quasi-dynamic and static monitoring of large engineering structures. Through several tests and applications in large bridges, good reliability and dominance of the system is proved.展开更多
Predicting the mechanical behaviors of structure and perceiving the anomalies in advance are essential to ensuring the safe operation of infrastructures in the long run.In addition to the incomplete consideration of i...Predicting the mechanical behaviors of structure and perceiving the anomalies in advance are essential to ensuring the safe operation of infrastructures in the long run.In addition to the incomplete consideration of influencing factors,the prediction time scale of existing studies is rough.Therefore,this study focuses on the development of a real-time prediction model by coupling the spatio-temporal correlation with external load through autoencoder network(ATENet)based on structural health monitoring(SHM)data.An autoencoder mechanism is performed to acquire the high-level representation of raw monitoring data at different spatial positions,and the recurrent neural network is applied to understanding the temporal correlation from the time series.Then,the obtained temporal-spatial information is coupled with dynamic loads through a fully connected layer to predict structural performance in next 12 h.As a case study,the proposed model is formulated on the SHM data collected from a representative underwater shield tunnel.The robustness study is carried out to verify the reliability and the prediction capability of the proposed model.Finally,the ATENet model is compared with some typical models,and the results indicate that it has the best performance.ATENet model is of great value to predict the realtime evolution trend of tunnel structure.展开更多
During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and...During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and the overallquality of the entire dam. Currently, the method used to monitor and controlspreading thickness during the dam construction process is artificialsampling check after spreading, which makes it difficult to monitor the entire dam storehouse surface. In this paper, we present an in-depth study based on real-time monitoring and controltheory of storehouse surface rolling construction and obtain the rolling compaction thickness by analyzing the construction track of the rolling machine. Comparatively, the traditionalmethod can only analyze the rolling thickness of the dam storehouse surface after it has been compacted and cannot determine the thickness of the dam storehouse surface in realtime. To solve these problems, our system monitors the construction progress of the leveling machine and employs a real-time spreading thickness monitoring modelbased on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm. Taking the LHK core rockfilldam in Southwest China as an example, we performed real-time monitoring for the spreading thickness and conducted real-time interactive queries regarding the spreading thickness. This approach provides a new method for controlling the spreading thickness of the core rockfilldam storehouse surface.展开更多
Monitoring and early warning is an important means to effectively prevent risks in agricultural production,consumption and price.In particular,with the change of modes of national administration against the background...Monitoring and early warning is an important means to effectively prevent risks in agricultural production,consumption and price.In particular,with the change of modes of national administration against the background of big data,improving the capacity to monitor agricultural products is of great significance for macroeconomic decision-making.Agricultural product information early warning thresholds are the core of agricultural product monitoring and early warning.How to appropriately determine the early warning thresholds of multi-temporal agricultural product information is a key question to realize real-time and dynamic monitoring and early warning.Based on the theory of abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information and the research of substantive impact on the society,this paper comprehensively discussed the methods to determine the thresholds of agricultural product information fluctuation in different time dimensions.Based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC)and survey data,this paper used a variety of statistical methods to determine the early warning thresholds of the production,consumption and prices of agricultural products.Combined with Delphi expert judgment correction method,it finally determined the early warning thresholds of agricultural product information in multiple time,and carried out early warning analysis on the fluctuation of agricultural product monitoring information in 2018.The results show that:(1)the daily,weekly and monthly monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural products play an important early warning role in monitoring abnormal fluctuations with agricultural products;(2)the multitemporal monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural product information identified by the research institute can provide effective early warning on current abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information,provide a benchmarking standard for China's agricultural production,consumption and price monitoring and early warning at the national macro level,and further improve the application of China's agricultural product monitoring and early warning.展开更多
The theory and method of system integration for the real-time monitoring of core rock-fill dam filling con- struction quality are studied in this paper. First, the importance analysis of system integration factors is ...The theory and method of system integration for the real-time monitoring of core rock-fill dam filling con- struction quality are studied in this paper. First, the importance analysis of system integration factors is carried out with the analytic hierarchy process. Then, according to the analysis result of integration factors, the conceptual model of system integration is built based on function integration, index integration, technology integration and information integration, the index structure of core rock-fill dam filling construction quality control is constructed and the method of function integration and technology integration is studied. The mathematical model of process monitoring is built according to monitoring objective, process and indexes. Research results have been applied in Nuozhadu core rock-fill dam construction management, realizing system integration through building appropriate monitoring work flow and comprehensive information platform of digital dam.展开更多
The earthquake real-time monitoring system of the Chinese National Digital Seismic Network has been in operation since"the Ninth Five-year Plan"period,and the stability of the system has been well tested.In ...The earthquake real-time monitoring system of the Chinese National Digital Seismic Network has been in operation since"the Ninth Five-year Plan"period,and the stability of the system has been well tested.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of monitoring technology and increase of public demands,the original real-time monitoring system needs to be upgraded and improved in terms of timeliness,stability,accuracy and ease of operation.Therefore,by accessing a total of more than 1,000 seismic stations,reducing the seismic trigger threshold of the monitoring system,eliminating the false trigger stations and optimizing the seismic waveform display interface,the current earthquake monitoring demands can be satisfied on the basis of ensuring the stable operation of the system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (No.2022M3J7A1062940,2021R1A5A6002853,and 2021R1A2C3011585)supported by the Technology Innovation Program (20015577)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy (MOTIE,Korea)。
文摘This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies,emphasizing the need for reliable and userfriendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection.In addition,examines key strategies for designing glucose sensors that are multi-functional,reliable,and cost-effective in a variety of contexts.The unique features of effective diabetes management technology are highlighted,with a focus on using nano/biosensor devices that can quickly and accurately detect glucose levels in the blood,improving patient treatment and control of potential diabetes-related infections.The potential of next-generation wearable and touch-sensitive nano biomedical sensor engineering designs for providing full control in assessing implantable,continuous glucose monitoring is also explored.The challenges of standardizing drug or insulin delivery doses,low-cost,real-time detection of increased blood sugar levels in diabetics,and early digital health awareness controls for the adverse effects of injectable medication are identified as unmet needs.Also,the market for biosensors is expected to expand significantly due to the rising need for portable diagnostic equipment and an ever-increasing diabetic population.The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for further research and development of glucose biosensors to meet the stringent requirements for sensitivity and specificity imposed by clinical diagnostics while being cost-effective,stable,and durable.
基金supported by MOA project 111AS-7.3.4-SB-S3 and 112AS-7.3.4-SB-S3.
文摘At present,debris flow warning uses precipitation threshold and issues regional warning throughout the world.Precipitation threshold warning is less accurate and in most of the time large portion of unaffected population are evacuated.More precise warning should use direct monitoring.There are many debris flow monitoring stations but no real time warning system in use.The main reason is that the identification and confirmation of debris flow occurrence requires human interaction and it is too slow.A debris flow monitoring and warning system has been installed in the midstream section of Yusui Stream,Taiwan China.The monitoring station operates fully automatically,providing early warnings without the need for manual intervention.The system comprises two webcam cameras,two Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems(MEMS),and a rain gauge.The arrival of debris flows is detected and confirmed through both webcam images and MEMS signals.Once debris flow is detected,the system automatically issues a warning to the affected areas via voice messages,line messages,broadcasts,and web-based alerts.The webcam cameras are also used to estimate debris flow velocity and flow height,while the MEMS sensors are utilized to determine the phase speed and flow rate.On July 24th,2014,Typhoon Gaemi triggered several debris flows,and the system successfully issued several warnings automatically.The entire video record,along with depth variation data,was recorded automatically.
文摘[Objective]Real-time monitoring of cow ruminant behavior is of paramount importance for promptly obtaining relevant information about cow health and predicting cow diseases.Currently,various strategies have been proposed for monitoring cow ruminant behavior,including video surveillance,sound recognition,and sensor monitoring methods.How‐ever,the application of edge device gives rise to the issue of inadequate real-time performance.To reduce the volume of data transmission and cloud computing workload while achieving real-time monitoring of dairy cow rumination behavior,a real-time monitoring method was proposed for cow ruminant behavior based on edge computing.[Methods]Autono‐mously designed edge devices were utilized to collect and process six-axis acceleration signals from cows in real-time.Based on these six-axis data,two distinct strategies,federated edge intelligence and split edge intelligence,were investigat‐ed for the real-time recognition of cow ruminant behavior.Focused on the real-time recognition method for cow ruminant behavior leveraging federated edge intelligence,the CA-MobileNet v3 network was proposed by enhancing the MobileNet v3 network with a collaborative attention mechanism.Additionally,a federated edge intelligence model was designed uti‐lizing the CA-MobileNet v3 network and the FedAvg federated aggregation algorithm.In the study on split edge intelli‐gence,a split edge intelligence model named MobileNet-LSTM was designed by integrating the MobileNet v3 network with a fusion collaborative attention mechanism and the Bi-LSTM network.[Results and Discussions]Through compara‐tive experiments with MobileNet v3 and MobileNet-LSTM,the federated edge intelligence model based on CA-Mo‐bileNet v3 achieved an average Precision rate,Recall rate,F1-Score,Specificity,and Accuracy of 97.1%,97.9%,97.5%,98.3%,and 98.2%,respectively,yielding the best recognition performance.[Conclusions]It is provided a real-time and effective method for monitoring cow ruminant behavior,and the proposed federated edge intelligence model can be ap‐plied in practical settings.
基金Project(42174170)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Controlled laboratory experiments are proved to be a valuable tool for investigating changes in underground physical properties and the related response of surface geophysical signals.The self-potential(SP)method is widely used in mineral resource exploration due to its direct correlation with underground electrochemical gradients.This paper presented the design and construction of an experimental platform based on a multi-channel SP monitoring system.The proposed platform was used to monitor the anodizing corrosion process of different metal blocks from a laboratory perspective,record the real-time SP signal generated by the redox reaction,as well as investigate the geobattery mechanism associated with the natural polarization process of metal mineral resources.The experimental results demonstrate that the constructed SP monitoring platform effectively captures time-series SP signals and provides direct laboratory evidence for the geobattery model.The measured SP data were quantitatively interpreted using the simulated annealing algorithm,and the inversion results closely match the real model.This finding highlights the potential of the SP method as a promising tool for determining the location and spatial distribution of underground polarizers.The study holds reference value for the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources in both terrestrial and marine environments.
文摘To optimize the self-organization network, self-adaptation, real-time monitoring, remote management capability, and equipment reuse level of the meteorological station supporting the portable groundwater circulation wells, and to provide real-time and effective technical services and environmental data support for groundwater remediation, a real-time monitoring system design of the meteorological station supporting the portable groundwater circulation wells based on the existing equipment is proposed. A variety of environmental element information is collected and transmitted to the embedded web server by the intelligent weather transmitter, and then processed by the algorithm and stored internally, displayed locally, and published on the web. The system monitoring algorithm and user interface are designed in the CNWSCADA development environment to realize real-time processing and analysis of environmental data and monitoring, control, management, and maintenance of the system status. The PLC-controlled photovoltaic power generating panels and lithium battery packs are in line with the concept of energy saving and emission reduction, and at the same time, as an emergency power supply to guarantee the safety of equipment and data when the utility power fails to meet the requirements. The experiment proves that the system has the characteristics of remote control, real-time interaction, simple station deployment, reliable operation, convenient maintenance, and green environment protection, which is conducive to improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of various types of environmental information and providing reliable data support, theoretical basis and guidance suggestions for the research of groundwater remediation technology and its disciplines, and the research and development of the movable groundwater cycling well monitoring system.
文摘The municipalities of Ubatuba, Campos do Jord?o, and S?o José dos Campos are located in the region of S?o Paulo State (Brazil). These municipalities are recognized nationally for having an elevated number of recorded landslides on slopes and embankments. In addition, these municipalities contain multiple areas that are at risk for landslides. Various soil landslides occurred in these municipalities in January 2013, when real-time climactic and geotechnical variables were monitored by automatic rain gauges, humidity sensors and soil temperature and suction devices. The resulting data were used to understand the functions of each variable in the occurrence of land- slides. Analyses of rainfall, humidity and soil temperature were used with field investigations to formulate a hypothesis regarding the predominant rupture mechanism and the role of each monitored variable in the deflagration of the soil landslides that occurred in the three studied municipalities. The geotechnical variable data revealed that both temperature and soil moisture contents played fundamental roles in the deflagration of shallow planar landslides in urban areas. The hourly rain intensity and/or rainfall accumulation for 24 and/or 72 h were responsible for the deflagration of the landslides that occurred in the studied areas, along with the existing anthropic constraints in the risk areas. Significant variations did not occur in the soil suction data during the landslides, principally due to the unsatisfactory sensor precision when reading field suction between –10 and?–100 kPA (±25%).
文摘Failures are very common during the online real-time monitoring of large quantities of complex liquids in industrial processes, and can result in excessive resource consumption and pollution. In this study, we introduce a monitoring method capable of non-contact original-state online real-time monitoring for strongly coated, high-salinity, and multi-component liquids. The principle of the method is to establish the relationship among the concentration of the target substance in the liquid （C）, the color space coor- dinates of the target substance at different concentrations （L＊, a＊, b＊）, and the maximum absorption wave- length （λmax）; subsequently, the optimum wavelength λT of the liquid is determined by a high-precision scanning-type monitoring system that is used to detect the instantaneous concentration of the target substance in the flowing liquid. Unlike traditional monitoring methods and existing online monitoring methods, the proposed method does not require any pretreatment of the samples （i.e., filtration, dilution, oxidation/reduction, addition of chromogenic agent, constant volume, etc.）, and it is capable of original- state online real-time monitoring. This method is employed at a large electrolytic manganese plant to monitor the Fe3. concentration in the colloidal process of the plant＇s aging liquid （where the concentra- tions of Fe3＋, Mn2＋, and （NH4）2SO4 are 0.5-18 mg.L 1, 35-39 g.L 1, and 90-110 g.L 1, respectively）. The relative error of this monitoring method compared with an off-line laboratory monitoring is less than 2%.
文摘The monitoring of soil moisture content in paddy field is one of important parts and contents of regional soil moisture monitoring. But a good monitoring scheme hasn’t been established. A real-time monitoring scheme of soil moisture content in paddy field was put forward from two key links of soil moisture content monitoring and field water-layer monitoring. This scheme could meet the alternative monitoring requirements of soil moisture content in water layer and none-water layer. It had a good maneuverability and could provide references for practical work.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62172242,51901152)Industry University Cooperation Education Program of the Ministry of Education(No.2020021680113)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China.
文摘The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the building to collapse.Many small changes caused the tower’s collapse,but the early staff often could not intuitively notice the changes in the tower’s state.In the current tower online monitoring system,terminal equipment often needs to replace batteries frequently due to premature exhaustion of power.According to the need for real-time measurement of power line tower,this research designed a real-time monitoring device monitoring the transmission tower attitude tilting and foundation state based on the inertial sensor,the acceleration of 3 axis inertial sensor and angular velocity raw data to pole average filtering pre-processing,and then through the complementary filtering algorithm for comprehensive calculation of tilt angle,the system meets the demand for inclined online monitoring of power line poles and towers regarding measurement accuracy,with low cost and power consumption.The optimization multi-sensor cooperative detection and correction measured tilt angle result relative accuracy can reach 1.03%,which has specific promotion and application value since the system has the advantages of unattended and efficient calculation.
基金This work has been carried out with in the DDD BATMAN project,supported by MarTERA and the Research Council of Norway(project no 311445).
文摘Battery systems are increasingly being used for powering ocean going ships,and the number of fully electric or hybrid ships relying on battery power for propulsion is growing.To ensure the safety of such ships,it is important to monitor the available energy that can be stored in the batteries,and classification societies typically require the state of health(SOH)to be verified by independent tests.This paper addresses statistical modeling of SOH for maritime lithium-ion batteries based on operational sensor data.Various methods for sensor-based,data-driven degradation monitoring will be presented,and advantages and challenges with the different approaches will be discussed.The different approaches include cumulative degradation models and snapshot models,models that need to be trained and models that need no prior training,and pure data-driven models and physics-informed models.Some of the methods only rely on measured data,such as current,voltage,and temperature,whereas others rely on derived quantities such as state of charge.Models include simple statistical models and more complicated machine learning techniques.Insight from this exploration will be important in establishing a framework for data-driven diagnostics and prognostics of maritime battery systems within the scope of classification societies.
文摘Landslides have occurred frequently in the Luoshan mining area because of disordered mining.This paper discusses the landforms and physiognomy,hydro-meteorology,formation lithology,and geologic structure of the Luoshan mining area.It also describes the factors influencing the slope stability of landslide No.Ⅲ,determines the general parameters and typical section plane,analyzes the stress-strain state of the No.Ⅲ slope,and calculates its safety factors with FLAC3 D under saturated and natural conditions.Based on a stability analysis,a remote real-time monitoring system was applied to the No.Ⅲ slope,and these monitoring data were collected and analyzed.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1805400)。
文摘As a new technical means that can detect abnormal signs of water inrush in advance and give an early warning,the automatic monitoring and early warning of water inrush in mines has been widely valued in recent years.Due to the many factors affecting water inrush and the complicated water inrush mechanism,many factors close to water inrush may have precursory abnormal changes.At present,the existing monitoring and early warning system mainly uses a few monitoring indicators such as groundwater level,water influx,and temperature,and performs water inrush early warning through the abnormal change of a single factor.However,there are relatively few multi-factor comprehensive early warning identification models.Based on the analysis of the abnormal changes of precursor factors in multiple water inrush cases,11 measurable and effective indicators including groundwater flow field,hydrochemical field and temperature field are proposed.Finally,taking Hengyuan coal mine as an example,6 indicators with long-term monitoring data sequences were selected to establish a single-index hierarchical early-warning recognition model,a multi-factor linear recognition model,and a comprehensive intelligent early-warning recognition model.The results show that the correct rate of early warning can reach 95.2%.
基金This research was funded by the Key Research and Development Plan of Jiangsu Province under grant BE2017735.Q.S.conceived the study and wrote the manuscript.Q.S.,C.C.,H.G.X.W.collected,analyzed,and interpreted the data.H.G.and X.W.contributed substantially to the development of ECG signal conversion Matlab software and remote automatic detection algorithm.J.L.,M.C.and C.L.revised the manuscript,evaluated and supervised the study.
文摘Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases.Among them,atrial fibrillation(AF)and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical events.Early diagnosis of arrhythmias,particularly AF and ventricular arrhythmias,is very important for the treatment and prognosis of patients.Holter is a gold standard commonly recommended for noninvasive detection of paroxysmal arrhythmia.However,it has some shortcomings such as fixed detection timings,delayed report and inability of remote real-time detection.To deal with such problems,we designed and applied a new wearable 72-hour triple-lead H3-electrocardiogram(ECG)device with a remote cloud-based ECG platform and an expertsupporting system.In this study,31 patients were recruited and 24-hour synchronous ECG data by H3-ECG and Holter were recorded.In the H3-ECG group,ECG signals were transmitted using remote real-time modes,and confirmed reports were made by doctors in the remote expert-supporting system,while the traditional modes and detection systems were used in the Holter group.The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in 24-hour total heart rate(HR),averaged HR,maximum HR,minimum HR,premature atrial complexes(PACs)and premature ventricular complexes(PVCs)(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of capture and remote automatic cardiac events detection of PACs,PVCs,and AF by H3-ECG were 93%and 99%,98%and 99%,94%and 98%,respectively.Therefore,the long-term limb triple-lead H3-ECG device can be utilized for domiciliary ECG self-monitoring and remote management of patients with common arrhythmia under medical supervision.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.50378041） and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education （No.2003487016）.
文摘Based on digital image processing technique, a real-time system is developed to monitor and detect the dynamic displacement of engineering structures. By processing pictures with a self-programmed software, the real-time coordinate of an object in a certain coordinate system can be obtained, and further dynamic displacement data and curve of the object can also be achieved. That is, automatic gathering and real-time processing of data can be carried out by this system simultaneously. For this system, first, an untouched monitoring technique is adopted, which can monitor or detect objects several to hundreds of meters apart; second, it has flexible installation condition and good monitoring precision of sub-millimeter degree; third, it is fit for dynamic, quasi-dynamic and static monitoring of large engineering structures. Through several tests and applications in large bridges, good reliability and dominance of the system is proved.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51991392)Key Deployment Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDRW-ZS-2021-3-3)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(Grant No.2019QZKK0904).
文摘Predicting the mechanical behaviors of structure and perceiving the anomalies in advance are essential to ensuring the safe operation of infrastructures in the long run.In addition to the incomplete consideration of influencing factors,the prediction time scale of existing studies is rough.Therefore,this study focuses on the development of a real-time prediction model by coupling the spatio-temporal correlation with external load through autoencoder network(ATENet)based on structural health monitoring(SHM)data.An autoencoder mechanism is performed to acquire the high-level representation of raw monitoring data at different spatial positions,and the recurrent neural network is applied to understanding the temporal correlation from the time series.Then,the obtained temporal-spatial information is coupled with dynamic loads through a fully connected layer to predict structural performance in next 12 h.As a case study,the proposed model is formulated on the SHM data collected from a representative underwater shield tunnel.The robustness study is carried out to verify the reliability and the prediction capability of the proposed model.Finally,the ATENet model is compared with some typical models,and the results indicate that it has the best performance.ATENet model is of great value to predict the realtime evolution trend of tunnel structure.
基金supported by the Innovative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 51621092)National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program, No. 2013CB035904)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51439005)
文摘During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and the overallquality of the entire dam. Currently, the method used to monitor and controlspreading thickness during the dam construction process is artificialsampling check after spreading, which makes it difficult to monitor the entire dam storehouse surface. In this paper, we present an in-depth study based on real-time monitoring and controltheory of storehouse surface rolling construction and obtain the rolling compaction thickness by analyzing the construction track of the rolling machine. Comparatively, the traditionalmethod can only analyze the rolling thickness of the dam storehouse surface after it has been compacted and cannot determine the thickness of the dam storehouse surface in realtime. To solve these problems, our system monitors the construction progress of the leveling machine and employs a real-time spreading thickness monitoring modelbased on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm. Taking the LHK core rockfilldam in Southwest China as an example, we performed real-time monitoring for the spreading thickness and conducted real-time interactive queries regarding the spreading thickness. This approach provides a new method for controlling the spreading thickness of the core rockfilldam storehouse surface.
基金The Science and Technoloav Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2020-A11-02)is appreciated for supporting this study.
文摘Monitoring and early warning is an important means to effectively prevent risks in agricultural production,consumption and price.In particular,with the change of modes of national administration against the background of big data,improving the capacity to monitor agricultural products is of great significance for macroeconomic decision-making.Agricultural product information early warning thresholds are the core of agricultural product monitoring and early warning.How to appropriately determine the early warning thresholds of multi-temporal agricultural product information is a key question to realize real-time and dynamic monitoring and early warning.Based on the theory of abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information and the research of substantive impact on the society,this paper comprehensively discussed the methods to determine the thresholds of agricultural product information fluctuation in different time dimensions.Based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC)and survey data,this paper used a variety of statistical methods to determine the early warning thresholds of the production,consumption and prices of agricultural products.Combined with Delphi expert judgment correction method,it finally determined the early warning thresholds of agricultural product information in multiple time,and carried out early warning analysis on the fluctuation of agricultural product monitoring information in 2018.The results show that:(1)the daily,weekly and monthly monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural products play an important early warning role in monitoring abnormal fluctuations with agricultural products;(2)the multitemporal monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural product information identified by the research institute can provide effective early warning on current abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information,provide a benchmarking standard for China's agricultural production,consumption and price monitoring and early warning at the national macro level,and further improve the application of China's agricultural product monitoring and early warning.
基金National Key Technology R&D Program in the 12th Five Year Plan of China (No. 2011BAB10B06)Independent Innovation Foundation of Tianjin University (No. 1102119)
文摘The theory and method of system integration for the real-time monitoring of core rock-fill dam filling con- struction quality are studied in this paper. First, the importance analysis of system integration factors is carried out with the analytic hierarchy process. Then, according to the analysis result of integration factors, the conceptual model of system integration is built based on function integration, index integration, technology integration and information integration, the index structure of core rock-fill dam filling construction quality control is constructed and the method of function integration and technology integration is studied. The mathematical model of process monitoring is built according to monitoring objective, process and indexes. Research results have been applied in Nuozhadu core rock-fill dam construction management, realizing system integration through building appropriate monitoring work flow and comprehensive information platform of digital dam.
基金the China Earthquake Network Center Seismic Network Department Daily Operation and Maintenance Funding Support(1950411001)
文摘The earthquake real-time monitoring system of the Chinese National Digital Seismic Network has been in operation since"the Ninth Five-year Plan"period,and the stability of the system has been well tested.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of monitoring technology and increase of public demands,the original real-time monitoring system needs to be upgraded and improved in terms of timeliness,stability,accuracy and ease of operation.Therefore,by accessing a total of more than 1,000 seismic stations,reducing the seismic trigger threshold of the monitoring system,eliminating the false trigger stations and optimizing the seismic waveform display interface,the current earthquake monitoring demands can be satisfied on the basis of ensuring the stable operation of the system.
