In this paper, the analytical transfer matrix method （ATMM） is applied to study the properties of quantum reflection in three systems： a sech2 barrier, a ramp potential and an inverse harmonic oscillator. Our resul...In this paper, the analytical transfer matrix method （ATMM） is applied to study the properties of quantum reflection in three systems： a sech2 barrier, a ramp potential and an inverse harmonic oscillator. Our results agree with those obtained by Landau and Lifshitz [Landau L D and Lifshitz E M 1977 Quantum Mechanics （Non-relativistic Theory） （New York： Pergamon）], which proves that ATMM is a simple and effective method for quantum reflection.展开更多
The impregnated radar absorbing material(RAM) honeycomb is often used to fabricate parts of the war plane for reducing radar cross section. The incident wave vector may be divided into two components: one perpendicula...The impregnated radar absorbing material(RAM) honeycomb is often used to fabricate parts of the war plane for reducing radar cross section. The incident wave vector may be divided into two components: one perpendicular to its hole and the other to its side wall. Until now, there has not been a program to calculate the input impedance or its equivalent electromagnetic parameters for the later case. In this paper, an approach for analyzing the reflection characteristics of the impregnated honeycomb when its side wall faces the incident plane wave is proposed. Experiments prove it an effective, accurate and fast solution to this subject.展开更多
In this study, the propagation of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals （PPCs）, namely, superlattice structures consisting alternately of a homogeneous unmagnetized plasma and dielectric ...In this study, the propagation of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals （PPCs）, namely, superlattice structures consisting alternately of a homogeneous unmagnetized plasma and dielectric material, is simulated numerically using the finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） algorithm. A perfectly matched layer （PML） absorbing technique is used in this simulation. The reflection and transmission coefficients of electromagnetic （EM） waves through PPCs are calculated. The characteristics of the photonic band gap （PBG） are discussed in terms of plasma density, dielectric constant ratios, number of periods, and introduced layer defect. These may provide some useful information for designing plasma photonic crystal devices.展开更多
Using a discretized finite difference method, a numerical model was developed to study the interaction of regular waves with a perforated breakwater. Considering a non-viscous, non-rotational fluid, the governing equa...Using a discretized finite difference method, a numerical model was developed to study the interaction of regular waves with a perforated breakwater. Considering a non-viscous, non-rotational fluid, the governing equations of Laplacian velocity potential were developed, and specific conditions for every single boundary were defined. The final developed model was evaluated based on an existing experimental result. The evaluated model was used to simulate the condition for various wave periods from 0.6 to 2 s. The reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of waves were examined with different breakwater porosities, wave steepnesses, and angular frequencies. The results show that the developed model can suitably present the effect of the structural and hydraulic parameters on the reflection and transmission coefficients. It was also found that with the increase in wave steepness, the reflection coefficient increased logarithmically, while the transmission coefficient decreased logarithmically.展开更多
The conversion of sunlight into electricity via photovoltaics presents tremendous opportunities for the generation of renewable energy. However, solar cells still face several challenges and limitations to further red...The conversion of sunlight into electricity via photovoltaics presents tremendous opportunities for the generation of renewable energy. However, solar cells still face several challenges and limitations to further reduce manufacturing costs and increase module efficiency. Photon management is paramount to increase the efficiency of the mainstream silicon-based cell and always includes a suitable antireflection coating (ARC) structure to decrease the reflectance (R) at the top surface. We propose a novel triple-layer anti-reflective coating (TLAR) consisting of three layers sandwiched between the upper cover (glass) and the substrate (silicon). The inner three layers are graded refractive index material (GIM) as an active layer, titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>), and zinc sulfide (ZnS), respectively. The optical properties of the TLAR have been investigated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The results of using GIM as the active medium lead to the reflection decaying to the minimum value, and the transmittance reaching the maximum values at a specific wavelength range. The proposed triple-layer anti-reflective coating (TLAR) structure presents a promising solution for enhancing the efficiency of solar cells. Its unique design and utilization of graded refractive index material (GIM) as the active layer make it a novel and innovative approach that holds great potential for advancing solar cell technology.展开更多
The scattering of normally incident water waves by two surface-piercing inclined perforated barriers in water with a uniform finite depth is investigated within the framework of linear water wave theory.Considering th...The scattering of normally incident water waves by two surface-piercing inclined perforated barriers in water with a uniform finite depth is investigated within the framework of linear water wave theory.Considering that thin barriers are zero-thickness,a novel numerical method involving the the coupling of the dual boundary element method(DBEM)with damping layers is applied.In order to effectively damp out the reflected waves,two damping layers,instead of pseudoboundaries are implemented near the two side boundaries of the computational domain.Thus,the modified linearized free surface boundary conditions are formulated and used for solving both the ordinary boundary integral equation as well as the hypersingular boundary integral equation for degenerate boundaries.The newly developed numerical method is validated against analytical methods using the matched eigenfunction expansion method for the special case of two vertical barriers or the inclined angle to the vertical being zero.The influence of the length of the two damping layers has been discussed.Moreover,these findings are also validated against previous results for several cases.After validation,the numerical results for the reflection coefficient,transmission coefficient and dissipation coefficient are obtained by varying the inclination angle and porosity-effect parameter.The effects of both the inclination angle and the porosity on the amplitudes of wave forces acting on both the front and rear barriers are also investigated.It is found that the effect of the inclination angle mainly shifts the location of the extremal values of the reflection and the transmission coefficients.Additionally,a moderate value of the porosity-parameter is quite effective at dissipating wave energy and mitigating the wave loads on dual barriers.展开更多
This study analyzes the hydrodynamic performance of an H-shaped pile-restrained composite breakwater integrated with a pair of horizontal plates placed on the seaside and the leeside of the breakwater.The wave interac...This study analyzes the hydrodynamic performance of an H-shaped pile-restrained composite breakwater integrated with a pair of horizontal plates placed on the seaside and the leeside of the breakwater.The wave interaction with the H-shaped breakwater is examined by analyzing the wave reflection,transmission,and dissipation coefficients.Additionally,the horizontal wave force coefficients are evaluated to analyze the effectiveness of the horizontal plates when integrated with the main structure.The primary structural parameters directly affect the performance of the composite breakwater and are varied within the feasible range of nondimensional wave numbers,relative spacings,and incident wave angles.This study presents a comparative analysis of the arrangement of the horizontal plates in terms of spacing and inclinations inward and outward to the breakwater using a multidomain boundary element method(BEM).The variation of the structural parameters proposes suitable dimensions for integrated H-shaped breakwater with horizontal plates that provide optimal performance in shallow and deep-water regions.The optimum plate porosity,dimensions of the H-shaped structure,inclinations,and spacing between the plate and breakwater are thoroughly discussed.This study shows that impermeable plates are the excellent means to control the wave force in the intermediate water depth regions than in deep-water regions at resisting wave force.The wave force coefficient on the breakwater is significantly larger than that on the seaside plates.Interestingly,inward-inclined plates perform most efficiently at angles greater than 5°,except in deep-water regions where horizontal plates perform better.In addition,this study noted that regardless of water depth,the outward-inclined plates are the least effective in reflecting the incident wave energy.This study will help plan the layout of suitable composite structures for efficient near-shore and offshore harbor protection according to the site criteria and environmental conditions.展开更多
基金Project supported by Science Foundation of Nantong University (Grant Nos. 03080122 and 09ZY001)
文摘In this paper, the analytical transfer matrix method （ATMM） is applied to study the properties of quantum reflection in three systems： a sech2 barrier, a ramp potential and an inverse harmonic oscillator. Our results agree with those obtained by Landau and Lifshitz [Landau L D and Lifshitz E M 1977 Quantum Mechanics （Non-relativistic Theory） （New York： Pergamon）], which proves that ATMM is a simple and effective method for quantum reflection.
文摘The impregnated radar absorbing material(RAM) honeycomb is often used to fabricate parts of the war plane for reducing radar cross section. The incident wave vector may be divided into two components: one perpendicular to its hole and the other to its side wall. Until now, there has not been a program to calculate the input impedance or its equivalent electromagnetic parameters for the later case. In this paper, an approach for analyzing the reflection characteristics of the impregnated honeycomb when its side wall faces the incident plane wave is proposed. Experiments prove it an effective, accurate and fast solution to this subject.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-05-0575)the Education Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.Z-03510)
文摘In this study, the propagation of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals （PPCs）, namely, superlattice structures consisting alternately of a homogeneous unmagnetized plasma and dielectric material, is simulated numerically using the finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） algorithm. A perfectly matched layer （PML） absorbing technique is used in this simulation. The reflection and transmission coefficients of electromagnetic （EM） waves through PPCs are calculated. The characteristics of the photonic band gap （PBG） are discussed in terms of plasma density, dielectric constant ratios, number of periods, and introduced layer defect. These may provide some useful information for designing plasma photonic crystal devices.
文摘Using a discretized finite difference method, a numerical model was developed to study the interaction of regular waves with a perforated breakwater. Considering a non-viscous, non-rotational fluid, the governing equations of Laplacian velocity potential were developed, and specific conditions for every single boundary were defined. The final developed model was evaluated based on an existing experimental result. The evaluated model was used to simulate the condition for various wave periods from 0.6 to 2 s. The reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of waves were examined with different breakwater porosities, wave steepnesses, and angular frequencies. The results show that the developed model can suitably present the effect of the structural and hydraulic parameters on the reflection and transmission coefficients. It was also found that with the increase in wave steepness, the reflection coefficient increased logarithmically, while the transmission coefficient decreased logarithmically.
文摘The conversion of sunlight into electricity via photovoltaics presents tremendous opportunities for the generation of renewable energy. However, solar cells still face several challenges and limitations to further reduce manufacturing costs and increase module efficiency. Photon management is paramount to increase the efficiency of the mainstream silicon-based cell and always includes a suitable antireflection coating (ARC) structure to decrease the reflectance (R) at the top surface. We propose a novel triple-layer anti-reflective coating (TLAR) consisting of three layers sandwiched between the upper cover (glass) and the substrate (silicon). The inner three layers are graded refractive index material (GIM) as an active layer, titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>), and zinc sulfide (ZnS), respectively. The optical properties of the TLAR have been investigated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The results of using GIM as the active medium lead to the reflection decaying to the minimum value, and the transmittance reaching the maximum values at a specific wavelength range. The proposed triple-layer anti-reflective coating (TLAR) structure presents a promising solution for enhancing the efficiency of solar cells. Its unique design and utilization of graded refractive index material (GIM) as the active layer make it a novel and innovative approach that holds great potential for advancing solar cell technology.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51809209 and 11702244)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021SS04).
文摘The scattering of normally incident water waves by two surface-piercing inclined perforated barriers in water with a uniform finite depth is investigated within the framework of linear water wave theory.Considering that thin barriers are zero-thickness,a novel numerical method involving the the coupling of the dual boundary element method(DBEM)with damping layers is applied.In order to effectively damp out the reflected waves,two damping layers,instead of pseudoboundaries are implemented near the two side boundaries of the computational domain.Thus,the modified linearized free surface boundary conditions are formulated and used for solving both the ordinary boundary integral equation as well as the hypersingular boundary integral equation for degenerate boundaries.The newly developed numerical method is validated against analytical methods using the matched eigenfunction expansion method for the special case of two vertical barriers or the inclined angle to the vertical being zero.The influence of the length of the two damping layers has been discussed.Moreover,these findings are also validated against previous results for several cases.After validation,the numerical results for the reflection coefficient,transmission coefficient and dissipation coefficient are obtained by varying the inclination angle and porosity-effect parameter.The effects of both the inclination angle and the porosity on the amplitudes of wave forces acting on both the front and rear barriers are also investigated.It is found that the effect of the inclination angle mainly shifts the location of the extremal values of the reflection and the transmission coefficients.Additionally,a moderate value of the porosity-parameter is quite effective at dissipating wave energy and mitigating the wave loads on dual barriers.
基金the partial support from the Ministry of Ports,Shipping and Waterways,Government of India,through the research grant no.DW/01013(13)/2/2021.
文摘This study analyzes the hydrodynamic performance of an H-shaped pile-restrained composite breakwater integrated with a pair of horizontal plates placed on the seaside and the leeside of the breakwater.The wave interaction with the H-shaped breakwater is examined by analyzing the wave reflection,transmission,and dissipation coefficients.Additionally,the horizontal wave force coefficients are evaluated to analyze the effectiveness of the horizontal plates when integrated with the main structure.The primary structural parameters directly affect the performance of the composite breakwater and are varied within the feasible range of nondimensional wave numbers,relative spacings,and incident wave angles.This study presents a comparative analysis of the arrangement of the horizontal plates in terms of spacing and inclinations inward and outward to the breakwater using a multidomain boundary element method(BEM).The variation of the structural parameters proposes suitable dimensions for integrated H-shaped breakwater with horizontal plates that provide optimal performance in shallow and deep-water regions.The optimum plate porosity,dimensions of the H-shaped structure,inclinations,and spacing between the plate and breakwater are thoroughly discussed.This study shows that impermeable plates are the excellent means to control the wave force in the intermediate water depth regions than in deep-water regions at resisting wave force.The wave force coefficient on the breakwater is significantly larger than that on the seaside plates.Interestingly,inward-inclined plates perform most efficiently at angles greater than 5°,except in deep-water regions where horizontal plates perform better.In addition,this study noted that regardless of water depth,the outward-inclined plates are the least effective in reflecting the incident wave energy.This study will help plan the layout of suitable composite structures for efficient near-shore and offshore harbor protection according to the site criteria and environmental conditions.
