Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 ...Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 is an early-ripening mutant of Muscat hamburg,belonging to Vitis vinifera,with a rose scent.In this study,we compared their aroma compositions and concentrations during berry development by headspace-SPME combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and analyzed the expression differences of enzyme-encoding genes in the LOX-HPL,MEP and MVA metabolic pathways by qRT-PCR.Twelve esters were detected in Kyoho during the whole berry development and they were abundant after veraison,but no esters were detected in 87-1 berries.Linalool was the dominant terpene among the 14 terpenes detected in 87-1 berries,while limited amounts of terpenes were detected in Kyoho berries.qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the low expression of VvAAT might explain the low content of ester volatiles in 87-1 berries,and the low expression of coding genes in the MEP pathway,especially VvPNLin Ner1,might be the reason for the low content of volatile terpenes in Kyoho berries.The results from this work will promote our understanding of aroma metabolic mechanisms of grapes,and offer some suggestions for grape aromatic quality improvement.展开更多
With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidin...With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidins and malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the grapes during low temperature storage were compared and analyzed,hoping to provide reference for the storage and preservation of‘Kyoho’grapes after harvest.The results showed that compared with the control,certain concentrations of fumigant preservatives inhibited the degradation of total phenols and proanthocyanidins in‘Kyoho’grapes to varying degrees,maintained better cell membrane integrity,and inhibited the increase of MDA content and PPO activity,and in the later stage,more stable POD and higher activity of CAT and SOD were maintained.Comprehensive analysis showed that among the six fumigation treatments,10 mg/L ClO_(2)and 60 mg/m^(3)O_(3)could delay the aging process of grapes and maintain better antioxidant capacity and storage quality.展开更多
Various pre-cooling methods for‘Kyoho’grapes were selected,such as forced-air pre-cooling(FAPC),vacuum pre-cooling,natural convection pre-cooling(NCPC),electrolyzed water pre-cooling,cold water pre-cooling,and fluid...Various pre-cooling methods for‘Kyoho’grapes were selected,such as forced-air pre-cooling(FAPC),vacuum pre-cooling,natural convection pre-cooling(NCPC),electrolyzed water pre-cooling,cold water pre-cooling,and fluid ice pre-cooling.The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable pre-cooling method for grapes.The storage temperature of grapes was(4±0.5)℃ with a relative humidity of 85%,and physiological parameters were measured every 5 d.All pre-cooling methods,except for NCPC,were able to complete the pre-cooling process within 20 min.Interestingly,water and ice cooling methods were not suitable for pre-cooling grapes,probably due to microbial growth and damage to cellular tissue.In contrast,three groups of air pre-cooling methods were more effective in preserving freshness,the best of which was FAPC.It was found that FAPC inhibited grape weight loss,moisture loss,respiration rate,total viable count,malondialdehyde,and relative electrolyte leakage,while stimulating the activities of superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.It also suppressed the activity of polyphenol oxidase.Additionally,in the FAPC group,optimal hardness,titratable acidity,and vitamin C content were observed.Among all the tested methods,FAPC demonstrated better efficacy in delaying the softening and senescence of‘Kyoho’grapes,thereby preserving fruit quality and nutritional content.展开更多
基金by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1000200)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution+1 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP2015-RIP-04)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-29-zp)。
文摘Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 is an early-ripening mutant of Muscat hamburg,belonging to Vitis vinifera,with a rose scent.In this study,we compared their aroma compositions and concentrations during berry development by headspace-SPME combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and analyzed the expression differences of enzyme-encoding genes in the LOX-HPL,MEP and MVA metabolic pathways by qRT-PCR.Twelve esters were detected in Kyoho during the whole berry development and they were abundant after veraison,but no esters were detected in 87-1 berries.Linalool was the dominant terpene among the 14 terpenes detected in 87-1 berries,while limited amounts of terpenes were detected in Kyoho berries.qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the low expression of VvAAT might explain the low content of ester volatiles in 87-1 berries,and the low expression of coding genes in the MEP pathway,especially VvPNLin Ner1,might be the reason for the low content of volatile terpenes in Kyoho berries.The results from this work will promote our understanding of aroma metabolic mechanisms of grapes,and offer some suggestions for grape aromatic quality improvement.
基金Supported by Fund of Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation Processing Engineering Technology Research Center(19DZ2251600)Fund of Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Professional Technical Service Platform(18DZ2291300)。
文摘With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidins and malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the grapes during low temperature storage were compared and analyzed,hoping to provide reference for the storage and preservation of‘Kyoho’grapes after harvest.The results showed that compared with the control,certain concentrations of fumigant preservatives inhibited the degradation of total phenols and proanthocyanidins in‘Kyoho’grapes to varying degrees,maintained better cell membrane integrity,and inhibited the increase of MDA content and PPO activity,and in the later stage,more stable POD and higher activity of CAT and SOD were maintained.Comprehensive analysis showed that among the six fumigation treatments,10 mg/L ClO_(2)and 60 mg/m^(3)O_(3)could delay the aging process of grapes and maintain better antioxidant capacity and storage quality.
基金supported by the Key Project in the Field of Agriculture by the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology(No.23N31900100)the Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation(No.19DZ2284000).
文摘Various pre-cooling methods for‘Kyoho’grapes were selected,such as forced-air pre-cooling(FAPC),vacuum pre-cooling,natural convection pre-cooling(NCPC),electrolyzed water pre-cooling,cold water pre-cooling,and fluid ice pre-cooling.The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable pre-cooling method for grapes.The storage temperature of grapes was(4±0.5)℃ with a relative humidity of 85%,and physiological parameters were measured every 5 d.All pre-cooling methods,except for NCPC,were able to complete the pre-cooling process within 20 min.Interestingly,water and ice cooling methods were not suitable for pre-cooling grapes,probably due to microbial growth and damage to cellular tissue.In contrast,three groups of air pre-cooling methods were more effective in preserving freshness,the best of which was FAPC.It was found that FAPC inhibited grape weight loss,moisture loss,respiration rate,total viable count,malondialdehyde,and relative electrolyte leakage,while stimulating the activities of superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.It also suppressed the activity of polyphenol oxidase.Additionally,in the FAPC group,optimal hardness,titratable acidity,and vitamin C content were observed.Among all the tested methods,FAPC demonstrated better efficacy in delaying the softening and senescence of‘Kyoho’grapes,thereby preserving fruit quality and nutritional content.
