Aiming at improving the traditional object-oriented three-layer architecture for collaborative design, a service-oriented framework for mould design is established by adding a Web service layer to decoupling the direc...Aiming at improving the traditional object-oriented three-layer architecture for collaborative design, a service-oriented framework for mould design is established by adding a Web service layer to decoupling the direct linking of user interface to functional modules,making the system being platform independent and programming language independent,greatly facilitating the reuse of existing software and hardware resources. .NET technology is adopted to implement the framework. An example scenario is introduced to demonstrate how the system works.展开更多
Describing Service-Oriented Architecture （SOA） is critical in the development of Web based system, in this paper, an approach for describing SOA by extended Darwin is proposed. The requirements for describing SOA, w...Describing Service-Oriented Architecture （SOA） is critical in the development of Web based system, in this paper, an approach for describing SOA by extended Darwin is proposed. The requirements for describing SOA, which are different from that of ordinary architecture, are highlighted firstly, and then a solution for extending Darwin is presented. Using the extended Darwin, service components and connectors can be described explicit by the extended construct, as well as precise operational semantics of SOA by the π-calculus. Finally an example of supply-chain management system is given for manifesting the effect of the extended Darwin.展开更多
As the basis of designing and implementing a cyber-physical system (CPS), architecture research is very important but still at preliminary stage. Since CPS includes physical components, time and space constraints seri...As the basis of designing and implementing a cyber-physical system (CPS), architecture research is very important but still at preliminary stage. Since CPS includes physical components, time and space constraints seriously challenge architecture study. In this paper, a service-oriented architecture of CPS was presented. Further, a two-way time synchronization algorithm for CPS service composition was put forward. And a formal method, for judging if actual CPS service meets space constraints, was suggested, which was based on space-π-calculus proposed. Finally, a case study was performed and CPS business process designed by the model and the proposed methods could run well. The application of research conclusion implies that it has rationality and feasibility.展开更多
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a computer systems design concept which aims to achieve reusability and integration in a distributed environment through the use of autonomous, loosely coupled, interoperable abs...Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a computer systems design concept which aims to achieve reusability and integration in a distributed environment through the use of autonomous, loosely coupled, interoperable abstractions known as services. In order to interoperate, communication between services is very important due to their autonomous nature. This communication provides services with their functional strengths, but also creates the opportunity for the loss of privacy. In this paper, a Privacy Protection Framework for Service-Oriented Architecture (PPFSOA) is described. In this framework, a Privacy Service (PS) is used in combination with privacy policies to create privacy contracts that outline what can and cannot be done with a consumer’s personally identifiable information (PII). The privacy policy consists of one-to-many privacy rules, with each rule created from a set of six privacy elements: collector, what, purpose, retention, recipient and trust. The PS acts as an intermediary between the service consumer and service provider, to establish an unbiased contract before the two parties begin sending PII. It is shown how many Privacy Services work together to form the privacy protection framework. An examination of what current approaches to protecting privacy in an SOA environment is also presented. Finally, the operations the PS must perform in order to fulfill its tasks are outlined.展开更多
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has drawn significant attention recently, and numerous architecture approaches have been proposed to represent SOA-based applications. The architecture of SOA-based applications is ...Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has drawn significant attention recently, and numerous architecture approaches have been proposed to represent SOA-based applications. The architecture of SOA-based applications is different from traditional software architecture, which is mainly static. The architecture of an SOA-based application is dynamic, i.e., the application can be composed at runtime using existing services, and thus the architecture is really determined at runtime, instead of design time. SOA applications have provided a new direction for software architecture study, where the architecture can be dynamically changed at runtime to meet the new application requirements. This paper proposes a Process-Embedded Service-Oriented Infrastructure to build SOA-based applications. This infrastructure embeds the entire software lifecycle management and service-oriented system engineering into the application developed on this infrastructure. Thus, the users can easily re-develop the applications during operation to meet the changing environments and requirements, through the supports provided by the embedded infrastructure.展开更多
The Geosciences Network(GEON)project has been developing cyberinfrastructure for data sharing in the Earth Science community based on a serviceoriented architecture.The layered architecture consists of Core,Middleware...The Geosciences Network(GEON)project has been developing cyberinfrastructure for data sharing in the Earth Science community based on a serviceoriented architecture.The layered architecture consists of Core,Middleware,and Applications services.Core services provide system-level functions(e.g.user authentication),Middleware services provide generic capabilities(e.g.catalog search),and Application services provide functions that users directly interact with,including applications that are specific to Earth Sciences.The GEON‘service stack’includes a standardized set of these services and the corresponding software modules.The GEON Portal provides Web-based access to these services via a set of portlets.This service-oriented approach has enabled GEON to expand to new partner sites and leverage GEON services for other projects.To facilitate interoperation in a distributed geoinformatics environment,GEON is focusing on standards for distributed search across federated catalogs.展开更多
With the growing aging population, age-related diseases have increased considerably over the years.In response to these, Ambient Assistive Living（AAL） systems are being developed and are continually evolving to enri...With the growing aging population, age-related diseases have increased considerably over the years.In response to these, Ambient Assistive Living（AAL） systems are being developed and are continually evolving to enrich and support independent living. While most researchers investigate robust Activity Recognition（AR）techniques, this paper focuses on some of the architectural challenges of the AAL systems. This work proposes a system architecture that fuses varying software design patterns and integrates readily available hardware devices to create Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs） for real-time applications. The system architecture brings together the Service-Oriented Architecture（SOA）, semantic web technologies, and other methods to address some of the shortcomings of the preceding system implementations using off-the-shelf and open source components. In order to validate the proposed architecture, a prototype is developed and tested positively to recognize basic user activities in real time. The system provides a base that can be further extended in many areas of AAL systems,including composite AR.展开更多
Since Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) reveals the black box nature of services,heterogeneity,service dynamism,and service evolvability,managing services is known to be a challenging problem.Autonomic computing (AC...Since Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) reveals the black box nature of services,heterogeneity,service dynamism,and service evolvability,managing services is known to be a challenging problem.Autonomic computing (AC) is a way of designing systems that can manage themselves without direct human intervention.Hence,applying the key disciplines of AC to service management is appealing.A key task of service management is to identify probable causes for symptoms detected and to devise actuation methods that can remedy the causes.In SOA,there are a number of target elements for service remedies,and there can be a number of causes associated with each target element.However,there is not yet a comprehensive taxonomy of causes that is widely accepted.The lack of cause taxonomy results in the limited possibility of remedying the problems in an autonomic way.In this paper,we first present a meta-model,extract all target elements for service fault management,and present a computing model for autonomously managing service faults.Then we define fault taxonomy for each target element and inter-relationships among the elements.Finally,we show prototype implementation using cause taxonomy and conduct experiments with the prototype for validating its applicability and effectiveness.展开更多
In this paper we propose a service-oriented architecture for spatial data integration (SOA-SDI) in the context of a large number of available spatial data sources that are physically sitting at different places, and d...In this paper we propose a service-oriented architecture for spatial data integration (SOA-SDI) in the context of a large number of available spatial data sources that are physically sitting at different places, and develop web-based GIS systems based on SOA-SDI, allowing client applications to pull in, analyze and present spatial data from those available spatial data sources. The proposed architecture logically includes 4 layers or components; they are layer of multiple data provider services, layer of data in-tegration, layer of backend services, and front-end graphical user interface (GUI) for spatial data presentation. On the basis of the 4-layered SOA-SDI framework, WebGIS applications can be quickly deployed, which proves that SOA-SDI has the potential to reduce the input of software development and shorten the development period.展开更多
In reality, traditional process control system built upon centralized and hierarchical structures presents a weak response to change and is easy to shut down by single failure. Aiming at these problems, a new agent-ba...In reality, traditional process control system built upon centralized and hierarchical structures presents a weak response to change and is easy to shut down by single failure. Aiming at these problems, a new agent-based service-oriented integration architecture was proposed for chemical process automation system. Web services were dynamically orchestrated on the internet and agent behaviors were built in them. Data analysis, model, optimization, control, fault diagnosis and so on were capsuled into different web services. Agents were used for service compositions by negotiation. A prototype system of poly(ethylene terephthalate) process automation was used as the case study to demonstrate the validation of the integration.展开更多
With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin...With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable supercapacitors.By depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene lamella.Moreover,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of lignin.All these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the electrodes.In addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the electrodes.Flexible electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),respectively.Moreover,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release cycling.This study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.展开更多
It’s possible for malicious operators to seize hold of electrical control systems, for instance, the engine control unit of driverless vehicles, from various vectors, e.g. autonomic control system, remote vehicle acc...It’s possible for malicious operators to seize hold of electrical control systems, for instance, the engine control unit of driverless vehicles, from various vectors, e.g. autonomic control system, remote vehicle access, or human drivers. To mitigate potential risks, this paper provides the inauguration study by proposing a theoretical framework in the physical, human and cyber triad. Its goal is to, at each time point, detect adversary control behaviors and protect control systems against malicious operations via integrating a variety of methods. This paper only proposes a theoretical framework which tries to indicate possible threats. With the support of the framework, the security system can lightly reduce the risk. The development and implementation of the system are out of scope.展开更多
The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process...The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process,the warehousing system has urgent needs such as uncertain production scale and rapid iteration and optimization of business processes.Therefore,the requirements and architecture of complex discrete warehousing systems such as flexible satellite batch production lines are studied.The physical system of intelligent equipment is abstracted as a digital model to form the underlying module,and a digital fusion framework of“business domain+middleware platform+intelligent equipment information model”is constructed.The granularity of microservice splitting is calculated based on the dynamic correlation relationship between user access instances and database table structures.The general warehousing functions of the platform are divided to achieve module customization,addition,and configuration.An open discrete warehousing system based on microservices is designed.Software architecture and design develop complex discrete warehousing systems based on the SpringCloud framework.This architecture achieves the decoupling of business logic and physical hardware,enhances the maintainability and scalability of the system,and greatly improves the system’s adaptability to different complex discrete warehousing business scenarios.展开更多
End-to-end object detection Transformer(DETR)successfully established the paradigm of the Transformer architecture in the field of object detection.Its end-to-end detection process and the idea of set prediction have ...End-to-end object detection Transformer(DETR)successfully established the paradigm of the Transformer architecture in the field of object detection.Its end-to-end detection process and the idea of set prediction have become one of the hottest network architectures in recent years.There has been an abundance of work improving upon DETR.However,DETR and its variants require a substantial amount of memory resources and computational costs,and the vast number of parameters in these networks is unfavorable for model deployment.To address this issue,a greedy pruning(GP)algorithm is proposed,applied to a variant denoising-DETR(DN-DETR),which can eliminate redundant parameters in the Transformer architecture of DN-DETR.Considering the different roles of the multi-head attention(MHA)module and the feed-forward network(FFN)module in the Transformer architecture,a modular greedy pruning(MGP)algorithm is proposed.This algorithm separates the two modules and applies their respective optimal strategies and parameters.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated on the COCO 2017 dataset.The model obtained through the MGP algorithm reduces the parameters by 49%and the number of floating point operations(FLOPs)by 44%compared to the Transformer architecture of DN-DETR.At the same time,the mean average precision(mAP)of the model increases from 44.1%to 45.3%.展开更多
Root system architecture has often been overlooked in plant research despite its critical role in plant adaptation to environmental conditions.This study focused on the root system architecture of the desert shrub Rea...Root system architecture has often been overlooked in plant research despite its critical role in plant adaptation to environmental conditions.This study focused on the root system architecture of the desert shrub Reaumuria soongorica in the Alxa steppe desert,Northwest China.Plant samples were collected during May-September 2019.Using excavation methods,in situ measurements,and root scanning techniques,we analyzed the root distribution,topology,and branching patterns of R.soongorica across an age sequence of 7-51 a.Additionally,we investigated the allometric relationships of root collar diameter with total coarse root length,biomass,and topological parameters.The results showed that the roots of R.soongorica were predominantly concentrated in shallow soil layers(10-50 cm),with lateral root branching and biomass allocation increasing with shrub age.The root topology exhibited a herringbone-like structure,with average topological and modified topological indices of 0.89 and 0.96,respectively,both of which adjusted with shrub age.The root system displayed a self-similar branching pattern,maintaining a constant cross-sectional area ratio of 1.13 before and after branching,deviating from the area-preserving rule.These adaptive traits allow R.soongorica to efficiently expand its nutrient acquisition zone,minimize internal competition,and optimize resource uptake from the upper soil layers.Furthermore,significant linear relationships were observed between log10-transformed root collar diameter and log10-transformed total coarse root length,biomass,and topological parameters.These findings advance non-destructive approaches for studying root characteristics and contribute to the development of root-related models.Besides,this study provides new insights into the adaptive strategies of R.soongorica under extreme drought conditions,offering valuable guidance for species selection and cultivation in desert restoration efforts.展开更多
The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor monitoring.The existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to case...The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor monitoring.The existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to cases wherein a single region changes at a specified location of the core.However,when the neutron field changes are complex,the accurate identification of the individual changed regions becomes challenging,which seriously affects the accuracy and stability of the neutron field recon-struction.Therefore,this study proposed a dual-task hybrid network architecture(DTHNet)for off situ reconstruction of the core neutron field,which trained the outermost assembly reconstruction task and the core reconstruction task jointly such that the former could assist the latter in the reconstruction of the core neutron field under core complex changes.Furthermore,to exploit the characteristics of the ex-core detection signals,this study designed a global-local feature upsampling module that efficiently distributed the ex-core detection signals to each reconstruction unit to improve the accuracy and stability of reconstruction.Reconstruction experiments were performed on the simulation datasets of the CLEAR-I reactor to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.The results showed that when the location uncertainty of a single region did not exceed nine and the number of multiple changed regions did not exceed five.Further,the reconstructed ARD was within 2%,RD_(max)was maintained within 17.5%,and the number of RD≥10%was maintained within 10.Furthermore,when the noise interference of the ex-core detection signals was within±2%,although the average number of RD≥10%increased to 16,the average ARD was still within in 2%,and the average RD_(max)was within 22%.Collectively,these results show that,theoretically,the DTHNet can accurately and stably reconstruct most of the neutron field under certain complex core changes.展开更多
Service-oriented air combat simulation architecture is proposed.The core design goal is high agility which represents the ability to accommodate the simulation requirements change.Its main idea is to design model unit...Service-oriented air combat simulation architecture is proposed.The core design goal is high agility which represents the ability to accommodate the simulation requirements change.Its main idea is to design model units as services that can communicate and interoperate with any other services at runtime.A service is autonomous and is fully defined by a description contract which contains some combination of syntactic,semantic,and behavioral information.Based on the architecture,air combat simulation system can be described as an abstract composition of description contracts.It becomes concrete at run time as services that implement the constituent description contracts are discovered and bind.The whole process is a continuous run-time activity that responds to simulation needs and the availability of services.This provides benefits of implementation transparency and minimal dependency between models.Thus,simulation system can minimize the impact of change on it and increase the overall efficiency to respond to requirements change.展开更多
By pushing computation,cache,and network control to the edge,mobile edge computing(MEC)is expected to play a leading role in fifth generation(5G)and future sixth generation(6G).Nevertheless,facing ubiquitous fast-grow...By pushing computation,cache,and network control to the edge,mobile edge computing(MEC)is expected to play a leading role in fifth generation(5G)and future sixth generation(6G).Nevertheless,facing ubiquitous fast-growing computational demands,it is impossible for a single MEC paradigm to effectively support high-quality intelligent services at end user equipments(UEs).To address this issue,we propose an air-ground collaborative MEC(AGCMEC)architecture in this article.The proposed AGCMEC integrates all potentially available MEC servers within air and ground in the envisioned 6G,by a variety of collaborative ways to provide computation services at their best for UEs.Firstly,we introduce the AGC-MEC architecture and elaborate three typical use cases.Then,we discuss four main challenges in the AGC-MEC as well as their potential solutions.Next,we conduct a case study of collaborative service placement for AGC-MEC to validate the effectiveness of the proposed collaborative service placement strategy.Finally,we highlight several potential research directions of the AGC-MEC.展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa)plant architecture and grain shape,which determine grain quality and yield,are modulatedby auxin and brassinosteroid via regulation of cell elongation and proliferation.We review the signaltransducti...Rice(Oryza sativa)plant architecture and grain shape,which determine grain quality and yield,are modulatedby auxin and brassinosteroid via regulation of cell elongation and proliferation.We review the signaltransduction of these hormones and the crosstalk between their signals on the regulation of rice plantarchitecture and grain shape.展开更多
文摘Aiming at improving the traditional object-oriented three-layer architecture for collaborative design, a service-oriented framework for mould design is established by adding a Web service layer to decoupling the direct linking of user interface to functional modules,making the system being platform independent and programming language independent,greatly facilitating the reuse of existing software and hardware resources. .NET technology is adopted to implement the framework. An example scenario is introduced to demonstrate how the system works.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Founda-tion of China (60473066) and Young Outstanding Talent Foundationof Hubei Province (2003ABB004)
文摘Describing Service-Oriented Architecture （SOA） is critical in the development of Web based system, in this paper, an approach for describing SOA by extended Darwin is proposed. The requirements for describing SOA, which are different from that of ordinary architecture, are highlighted firstly, and then a solution for extending Darwin is presented. Using the extended Darwin, service components and connectors can be described explicit by the extended construct, as well as precise operational semantics of SOA by the π-calculus. Finally an example of supply-chain management system is given for manifesting the effect of the extended Darwin.
基金National High-Tech Research and Development Programs of China( 863 Program) ( No. 2011AA010101,No. 2012AA062203) National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 61103069 ) Key Research Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee,China( No. 10dz1122600)
文摘As the basis of designing and implementing a cyber-physical system (CPS), architecture research is very important but still at preliminary stage. Since CPS includes physical components, time and space constraints seriously challenge architecture study. In this paper, a service-oriented architecture of CPS was presented. Further, a two-way time synchronization algorithm for CPS service composition was put forward. And a formal method, for judging if actual CPS service meets space constraints, was suggested, which was based on space-π-calculus proposed. Finally, a case study was performed and CPS business process designed by the model and the proposed methods could run well. The application of research conclusion implies that it has rationality and feasibility.
文摘Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a computer systems design concept which aims to achieve reusability and integration in a distributed environment through the use of autonomous, loosely coupled, interoperable abstractions known as services. In order to interoperate, communication between services is very important due to their autonomous nature. This communication provides services with their functional strengths, but also creates the opportunity for the loss of privacy. In this paper, a Privacy Protection Framework for Service-Oriented Architecture (PPFSOA) is described. In this framework, a Privacy Service (PS) is used in combination with privacy policies to create privacy contracts that outline what can and cannot be done with a consumer’s personally identifiable information (PII). The privacy policy consists of one-to-many privacy rules, with each rule created from a set of six privacy elements: collector, what, purpose, retention, recipient and trust. The PS acts as an intermediary between the service consumer and service provider, to establish an unbiased contract before the two parties begin sending PII. It is shown how many Privacy Services work together to form the privacy protection framework. An examination of what current approaches to protecting privacy in an SOA environment is also presented. Finally, the operations the PS must perform in order to fulfill its tasks are outlined.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61305134)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20133219120035)
文摘Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has drawn significant attention recently, and numerous architecture approaches have been proposed to represent SOA-based applications. The architecture of SOA-based applications is different from traditional software architecture, which is mainly static. The architecture of an SOA-based application is dynamic, i.e., the application can be composed at runtime using existing services, and thus the architecture is really determined at runtime, instead of design time. SOA applications have provided a new direction for software architecture study, where the architecture can be dynamically changed at runtime to meet the new application requirements. This paper proposes a Process-Embedded Service-Oriented Infrastructure to build SOA-based applications. This infrastructure embeds the entire software lifecycle management and service-oriented system engineering into the application developed on this infrastructure. Thus, the users can easily re-develop the applications during operation to meet the changing environments and requirements, through the supports provided by the embedded infrastructure.
基金This research has been funded by the US National Science Foundation via grants 0225673 and 0744229.
文摘The Geosciences Network(GEON)project has been developing cyberinfrastructure for data sharing in the Earth Science community based on a serviceoriented architecture.The layered architecture consists of Core,Middleware,and Applications services.Core services provide system-level functions(e.g.user authentication),Middleware services provide generic capabilities(e.g.catalog search),and Application services provide functions that users directly interact with,including applications that are specific to Earth Sciences.The GEON‘service stack’includes a standardized set of these services and the corresponding software modules.The GEON Portal provides Web-based access to these services via a set of portlets.This service-oriented approach has enabled GEON to expand to new partner sites and leverage GEON services for other projects.To facilitate interoperation in a distributed geoinformatics environment,GEON is focusing on standards for distributed search across federated catalogs.
基金partially supported by EU H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie ActionsITNETN(ACROSSING Project ID:676157)Research Investment Fund,DMU
文摘With the growing aging population, age-related diseases have increased considerably over the years.In response to these, Ambient Assistive Living（AAL） systems are being developed and are continually evolving to enrich and support independent living. While most researchers investigate robust Activity Recognition（AR）techniques, this paper focuses on some of the architectural challenges of the AAL systems. This work proposes a system architecture that fuses varying software design patterns and integrates readily available hardware devices to create Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs） for real-time applications. The system architecture brings together the Service-Oriented Architecture（SOA）, semantic web technologies, and other methods to address some of the shortcomings of the preceding system implementations using off-the-shelf and open source components. In order to validate the proposed architecture, a prototype is developed and tested positively to recognize basic user activities in real time. The system provides a base that can be further extended in many areas of AAL systems,including composite AR.
基金Project (No.2011-0002534) supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology
文摘Since Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) reveals the black box nature of services,heterogeneity,service dynamism,and service evolvability,managing services is known to be a challenging problem.Autonomic computing (AC) is a way of designing systems that can manage themselves without direct human intervention.Hence,applying the key disciplines of AC to service management is appealing.A key task of service management is to identify probable causes for symptoms detected and to devise actuation methods that can remedy the causes.In SOA,there are a number of target elements for service remedies,and there can be a number of causes associated with each target element.However,there is not yet a comprehensive taxonomy of causes that is widely accepted.The lack of cause taxonomy results in the limited possibility of remedying the problems in an autonomic way.In this paper,we first present a meta-model,extract all target elements for service fault management,and present a computing model for autonomously managing service faults.Then we define fault taxonomy for each target element and inter-relationships among the elements.Finally,we show prototype implementation using cause taxonomy and conduct experiments with the prototype for validating its applicability and effectiveness.
基金Supported by the Research Fund of Key GIS Lab of the Education Ministry (No. 200610)
文摘In this paper we propose a service-oriented architecture for spatial data integration (SOA-SDI) in the context of a large number of available spatial data sources that are physically sitting at different places, and develop web-based GIS systems based on SOA-SDI, allowing client applications to pull in, analyze and present spatial data from those available spatial data sources. The proposed architecture logically includes 4 layers or components; they are layer of multiple data provider services, layer of data in-tegration, layer of backend services, and front-end graphical user interface (GUI) for spatial data presentation. On the basis of the 4-layered SOA-SDI framework, WebGIS applications can be quickly deployed, which proves that SOA-SDI has the potential to reduce the input of software development and shorten the development period.
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2012CB720500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1162202,61222303)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation(13ZR1411500)Shanghai R&D Platform Construction program(13DZ2295300)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(B504)
文摘In reality, traditional process control system built upon centralized and hierarchical structures presents a weak response to change and is easy to shut down by single failure. Aiming at these problems, a new agent-based service-oriented integration architecture was proposed for chemical process automation system. Web services were dynamically orchestrated on the internet and agent behaviors were built in them. Data analysis, model, optimization, control, fault diagnosis and so on were capsuled into different web services. Agents were used for service compositions by negotiation. A prototype system of poly(ethylene terephthalate) process automation was used as the case study to demonstrate the validation of the integration.
基金supported by Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada(RGPIN-2017-06737)Canada Research Chairs program,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0601005,2022YFD0904201)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51203075)the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.CSC202208320361).
文摘With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable supercapacitors.By depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene lamella.Moreover,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of lignin.All these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the electrodes.In addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the electrodes.Flexible electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),respectively.Moreover,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release cycling.This study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.
文摘It’s possible for malicious operators to seize hold of electrical control systems, for instance, the engine control unit of driverless vehicles, from various vectors, e.g. autonomic control system, remote vehicle access, or human drivers. To mitigate potential risks, this paper provides the inauguration study by proposing a theoretical framework in the physical, human and cyber triad. Its goal is to, at each time point, detect adversary control behaviors and protect control systems against malicious operations via integrating a variety of methods. This paper only proposes a theoretical framework which tries to indicate possible threats. With the support of the framework, the security system can lightly reduce the risk. The development and implementation of the system are out of scope.
文摘The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process,the warehousing system has urgent needs such as uncertain production scale and rapid iteration and optimization of business processes.Therefore,the requirements and architecture of complex discrete warehousing systems such as flexible satellite batch production lines are studied.The physical system of intelligent equipment is abstracted as a digital model to form the underlying module,and a digital fusion framework of“business domain+middleware platform+intelligent equipment information model”is constructed.The granularity of microservice splitting is calculated based on the dynamic correlation relationship between user access instances and database table structures.The general warehousing functions of the platform are divided to achieve module customization,addition,and configuration.An open discrete warehousing system based on microservices is designed.Software architecture and design develop complex discrete warehousing systems based on the SpringCloud framework.This architecture achieves the decoupling of business logic and physical hardware,enhances the maintainability and scalability of the system,and greatly improves the system’s adaptability to different complex discrete warehousing business scenarios.
基金Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology,China(No.202301054)。
文摘End-to-end object detection Transformer(DETR)successfully established the paradigm of the Transformer architecture in the field of object detection.Its end-to-end detection process and the idea of set prediction have become one of the hottest network architectures in recent years.There has been an abundance of work improving upon DETR.However,DETR and its variants require a substantial amount of memory resources and computational costs,and the vast number of parameters in these networks is unfavorable for model deployment.To address this issue,a greedy pruning(GP)algorithm is proposed,applied to a variant denoising-DETR(DN-DETR),which can eliminate redundant parameters in the Transformer architecture of DN-DETR.Considering the different roles of the multi-head attention(MHA)module and the feed-forward network(FFN)module in the Transformer architecture,a modular greedy pruning(MGP)algorithm is proposed.This algorithm separates the two modules and applies their respective optimal strategies and parameters.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated on the COCO 2017 dataset.The model obtained through the MGP algorithm reduces the parameters by 49%and the number of floating point operations(FLOPs)by 44%compared to the Transformer architecture of DN-DETR.At the same time,the mean average precision(mAP)of the model increases from 44.1%to 45.3%.
基金funded by the Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project(Guike AD22080050)the Basic Research Ability Improvement Project of Young and Middle-aged Teachers of Universities in Guangxi(2022KY0386)+1 种基金the Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf,Ministry of Education,Nanning Normal University(NNNU-KLOP-K2202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42471055).
文摘Root system architecture has often been overlooked in plant research despite its critical role in plant adaptation to environmental conditions.This study focused on the root system architecture of the desert shrub Reaumuria soongorica in the Alxa steppe desert,Northwest China.Plant samples were collected during May-September 2019.Using excavation methods,in situ measurements,and root scanning techniques,we analyzed the root distribution,topology,and branching patterns of R.soongorica across an age sequence of 7-51 a.Additionally,we investigated the allometric relationships of root collar diameter with total coarse root length,biomass,and topological parameters.The results showed that the roots of R.soongorica were predominantly concentrated in shallow soil layers(10-50 cm),with lateral root branching and biomass allocation increasing with shrub age.The root topology exhibited a herringbone-like structure,with average topological and modified topological indices of 0.89 and 0.96,respectively,both of which adjusted with shrub age.The root system displayed a self-similar branching pattern,maintaining a constant cross-sectional area ratio of 1.13 before and after branching,deviating from the area-preserving rule.These adaptive traits allow R.soongorica to efficiently expand its nutrient acquisition zone,minimize internal competition,and optimize resource uptake from the upper soil layers.Furthermore,significant linear relationships were observed between log10-transformed root collar diameter and log10-transformed total coarse root length,biomass,and topological parameters.These findings advance non-destructive approaches for studying root characteristics and contribute to the development of root-related models.Besides,this study provides new insights into the adaptive strategies of R.soongorica under extreme drought conditions,offering valuable guidance for species selection and cultivation in desert restoration efforts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12305344)the 2023 Anhui university research project of China(No.2023AH052179).
文摘The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor monitoring.The existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to cases wherein a single region changes at a specified location of the core.However,when the neutron field changes are complex,the accurate identification of the individual changed regions becomes challenging,which seriously affects the accuracy and stability of the neutron field recon-struction.Therefore,this study proposed a dual-task hybrid network architecture(DTHNet)for off situ reconstruction of the core neutron field,which trained the outermost assembly reconstruction task and the core reconstruction task jointly such that the former could assist the latter in the reconstruction of the core neutron field under core complex changes.Furthermore,to exploit the characteristics of the ex-core detection signals,this study designed a global-local feature upsampling module that efficiently distributed the ex-core detection signals to each reconstruction unit to improve the accuracy and stability of reconstruction.Reconstruction experiments were performed on the simulation datasets of the CLEAR-I reactor to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.The results showed that when the location uncertainty of a single region did not exceed nine and the number of multiple changed regions did not exceed five.Further,the reconstructed ARD was within 2%,RD_(max)was maintained within 17.5%,and the number of RD≥10%was maintained within 10.Furthermore,when the noise interference of the ex-core detection signals was within±2%,although the average number of RD≥10%increased to 16,the average ARD was still within in 2%,and the average RD_(max)was within 22%.Collectively,these results show that,theoretically,the DTHNet can accurately and stably reconstruct most of the neutron field under certain complex core changes.
文摘Service-oriented air combat simulation architecture is proposed.The core design goal is high agility which represents the ability to accommodate the simulation requirements change.Its main idea is to design model units as services that can communicate and interoperate with any other services at runtime.A service is autonomous and is fully defined by a description contract which contains some combination of syntactic,semantic,and behavioral information.Based on the architecture,air combat simulation system can be described as an abstract composition of description contracts.It becomes concrete at run time as services that implement the constituent description contracts are discovered and bind.The whole process is a continuous run-time activity that responds to simulation needs and the availability of services.This provides benefits of implementation transparency and minimal dependency between models.Thus,simulation system can minimize the impact of change on it and increase the overall efficiency to respond to requirements change.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171465,62072303,62272223,U22A2031。
文摘By pushing computation,cache,and network control to the edge,mobile edge computing(MEC)is expected to play a leading role in fifth generation(5G)and future sixth generation(6G).Nevertheless,facing ubiquitous fast-growing computational demands,it is impossible for a single MEC paradigm to effectively support high-quality intelligent services at end user equipments(UEs).To address this issue,we propose an air-ground collaborative MEC(AGCMEC)architecture in this article.The proposed AGCMEC integrates all potentially available MEC servers within air and ground in the envisioned 6G,by a variety of collaborative ways to provide computation services at their best for UEs.Firstly,we introduce the AGC-MEC architecture and elaborate three typical use cases.Then,we discuss four main challenges in the AGC-MEC as well as their potential solutions.Next,we conduct a case study of collaborative service placement for AGC-MEC to validate the effectiveness of the proposed collaborative service placement strategy.Finally,we highlight several potential research directions of the AGC-MEC.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370248)the Jiangsu Seed Industry Revitalization Project(JBGS[2021]001)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa)plant architecture and grain shape,which determine grain quality and yield,are modulatedby auxin and brassinosteroid via regulation of cell elongation and proliferation.We review the signaltransduction of these hormones and the crosstalk between their signals on the regulation of rice plantarchitecture and grain shape.
