目的:探究改良Stoppa入路联合髂窝入路手术治疗不稳定骨盆前环骨折的疗效,并为这类特殊群体的优质诊疗照护积累循证经验。方法:选取我院于2014年9月-2016年8月收治的且符合纳入标准的38例不稳定骨盆前环骨折患者,在实施髂窝入路复位时,...目的:探究改良Stoppa入路联合髂窝入路手术治疗不稳定骨盆前环骨折的疗效,并为这类特殊群体的优质诊疗照护积累循证经验。方法:选取我院于2014年9月-2016年8月收治的且符合纳入标准的38例不稳定骨盆前环骨折患者,在实施髂窝入路复位时,应妥善固定好骨盆后环,并采取改良Stoppa入路,切口一般是在耻骨联合上方2指处做一横切口,同时也可以采取正中纵切口,并切开皮肤及皮下脂肪,充分暴露腹膜外间隙,借助骨盆复位器械进行辅助复位,利用钢板进行固定塑形重建,待复位满意后再做最后的固定处理,对腹直肌前鞘要进行仔细修复,最后再缝合手术切口。结果:本组患者手术时间为80~150 min,平均时间为(116.7±5.9)min;术中出血量达200~700 m L,平均出血量达(400.8±13.5)m L。手术结束后,通常会选择X线片来确定双侧或单侧骨盆环复位情况,结果显示所有患者复位均满意。对所有患者实施为期7~10个月的随访,平均随访时间为(8.9±1.1)月,骨折愈合时间为8~13周,平均愈合时间为(12.8±2.3)周。除了仅1例发生左下肢深静脉血栓外,均未并发复位不良或切口感染、内固定失效、神经血管损伤等并发症。结论:对于不稳定骨盆前环骨折患者而言,采取改良Stoppa入路联合髂窝入路手术开展治疗,具有操作简便、暴露视野良好、损伤小的优点,能达到较为可观的临床疗效。展开更多
针对铁道车辆蛇行运动分岔图中不稳定极限环通过整车动力学仿真求解困难的问题,提出直接积分求解不稳定极限环的方法——初态激扰法。该方法利用多体系统动力学软件Simpack建立高速列车动力学模型,采用Matlab软件对拟周期解进行动态加...针对铁道车辆蛇行运动分岔图中不稳定极限环通过整车动力学仿真求解困难的问题,提出直接积分求解不稳定极限环的方法——初态激扰法。该方法利用多体系统动力学软件Simpack建立高速列车动力学模型,采用Matlab软件对拟周期解进行动态加权调整后作为车辆系统主要部件的初始状态,在光滑轨道上时域积分获取刚体运动状态,在轮对横移幅值随运行速度变化的分岔图中绘制不稳定极限环及平衡点和稳定极限环,从而得到完整的车辆蛇行运动分岔图。以某高速列车为例,基于初态激扰法求解不同轮轨接触工况和抗蛇行减振器故障工况下蛇行运动分岔曲线。结果表明:新轮和磨耗轮工况的车辆蛇行运动分别对应Hopf亚临界分岔和超临界分岔行为,且磨耗轮工况下蛇行运动由亚临界分岔变为超临界分岔;不改变抗蛇行减振器阻尼仅减小卸荷力,对车辆Hopf分岔临界速度没有影响,但会降低车辆LPC (Limit Point Bifurcation of Circles)分岔临界速度并减小不稳定极限环的幅值,从而降低车辆横向稳定性。展开更多
Microstructure instabilities of the fully lamellar Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-（W,B,Y） alloy were investigated by SEM and TEM after long-term thermal cycling（500 and 1000 thermal cycles） at 900 °C. Two major categories of ...Microstructure instabilities of the fully lamellar Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-（W,B,Y） alloy were investigated by SEM and TEM after long-term thermal cycling（500 and 1000 thermal cycles） at 900 °C. Two major categories of microstructure instability were produced in the alloy after the thermal cycling： 1） The discontinuous coarsening implies that grain boundary migrations are inclined to occur in the Al-segregation region after the long-term thermal cycling, especially after 1000 thermal cycles. Al-segregation can be reduced during the process of long-term thermal cycling as a result of element diffusion; 2） The α2 lamellae become thinner and are broken after 1000 thermal cycles caused by the dissolution of α2 lamellae through phase transformation of α2→γ. The γ grains nucleate within the α2 lamellae or（α2＋γ） lamellae in a random direction.展开更多
Directional drilling has been established in the coal industry as a viable means of gas drainage, exploration and water management. But the environment in and around coal seams is not always conducive to stable condit...Directional drilling has been established in the coal industry as a viable means of gas drainage, exploration and water management. But the environment in and around coal seams is not always conducive to stable conditions while drilling and borehole stability after the drilling has been completed. This paper identifies the conditions which cause unstable drilling conditions and the various means which are used to attempt to manage or bypass those conditions. Ultimately, equipment does become bogged in these adverse environments and requires recovery by over-coring.展开更多
Objective To investigate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and its relationship with mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)...Objective To investigate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and its relationship with mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Methods A total of 28 cases of colorectal adenoma and 14 cases of colorectal carcinoma were collected between July 2003 and July 2007 from 33 HNPCC families. Sporadic colorectal adenoma (n=32) and carcinoma patients (n=24) served as controls. With samples of tumor tissues and normal colonic mucosa collected from the patients, the protein expressions of COX-2 and MMR (hMLH1, hMSH2, and hMSH6) were examined with immunohistochemical assay. Frequency of MSI in five standard MSI loci BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346, and D17S250 were analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction. Results The rate of COX-2 high-expression was 53.6% (15/28) and 42.9% (6/14) in HNPCC adenoma and carcinoma; 62.5% (20/32) and 91.7% (22/24) in sporadic adenoma and carcinoma, respectively. That rate was lower in HNPCC carcinoma than in sporadic carcinoma (P<0.05). MMR-deletion rate and percentage of high-frequency MSI (MSI-H) in HNPCC carcinoma were higher than those in sporadic colorectal carcinoma [both 71.4% (10/14) vs. 12.5% (3/24), both P<0.01]. Among the 10 MMR-deficient HNPCC carcinoma patients, COX-2 low-expression was observed in 8 cases (80.0%), while COX-2 high-expression was observed in all of the 4 MMR-positive HNPCC carcinoma cases (P<0.05). In comparison to MMR positive HNPCC carcinoma, HNPCC adenoma, and sporadic carcinoma, COX-2 expression was significantly lower in corresponding MMR-deficient cases (all P<0.05). The rates of COX-2 low-expression in HNPCC adenoma, HNPCC carcinoma, and sporadic carcinoma with MSI-H were significantly higher than those in the cases with microsatellite stability (all P<0.05). Conclusion COX-2 is expressed at a low level in HNPCC carcinoma, different from the high COX-2 expression in sporadic carcinoma.展开更多
文摘目的:探究改良Stoppa入路联合髂窝入路手术治疗不稳定骨盆前环骨折的疗效,并为这类特殊群体的优质诊疗照护积累循证经验。方法:选取我院于2014年9月-2016年8月收治的且符合纳入标准的38例不稳定骨盆前环骨折患者,在实施髂窝入路复位时,应妥善固定好骨盆后环,并采取改良Stoppa入路,切口一般是在耻骨联合上方2指处做一横切口,同时也可以采取正中纵切口,并切开皮肤及皮下脂肪,充分暴露腹膜外间隙,借助骨盆复位器械进行辅助复位,利用钢板进行固定塑形重建,待复位满意后再做最后的固定处理,对腹直肌前鞘要进行仔细修复,最后再缝合手术切口。结果:本组患者手术时间为80~150 min,平均时间为(116.7±5.9)min;术中出血量达200~700 m L,平均出血量达(400.8±13.5)m L。手术结束后,通常会选择X线片来确定双侧或单侧骨盆环复位情况,结果显示所有患者复位均满意。对所有患者实施为期7~10个月的随访,平均随访时间为(8.9±1.1)月,骨折愈合时间为8~13周,平均愈合时间为(12.8±2.3)周。除了仅1例发生左下肢深静脉血栓外,均未并发复位不良或切口感染、内固定失效、神经血管损伤等并发症。结论:对于不稳定骨盆前环骨折患者而言,采取改良Stoppa入路联合髂窝入路手术开展治疗,具有操作简便、暴露视野良好、损伤小的优点,能达到较为可观的临床疗效。
文摘针对铁道车辆蛇行运动分岔图中不稳定极限环通过整车动力学仿真求解困难的问题,提出直接积分求解不稳定极限环的方法——初态激扰法。该方法利用多体系统动力学软件Simpack建立高速列车动力学模型,采用Matlab软件对拟周期解进行动态加权调整后作为车辆系统主要部件的初始状态,在光滑轨道上时域积分获取刚体运动状态,在轮对横移幅值随运行速度变化的分岔图中绘制不稳定极限环及平衡点和稳定极限环,从而得到完整的车辆蛇行运动分岔图。以某高速列车为例,基于初态激扰法求解不同轮轨接触工况和抗蛇行减振器故障工况下蛇行运动分岔曲线。结果表明:新轮和磨耗轮工况的车辆蛇行运动分别对应Hopf亚临界分岔和超临界分岔行为,且磨耗轮工况下蛇行运动由亚临界分岔变为超临界分岔;不改变抗蛇行减振器阻尼仅减小卸荷力,对车辆Hopf分岔临界速度没有影响,但会降低车辆LPC (Limit Point Bifurcation of Circles)分岔临界速度并减小不稳定极限环的幅值,从而降低车辆横向稳定性。
基金Project(2011CB605500)supported by National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(51171015)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China+2 种基金Project(2012M520166)supported by China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(2012Z-06)supported by State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials,University of Science and Technology Beijing,ChinaProject(FRF-TP-12-164A)supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Microstructure instabilities of the fully lamellar Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-（W,B,Y） alloy were investigated by SEM and TEM after long-term thermal cycling（500 and 1000 thermal cycles） at 900 °C. Two major categories of microstructure instability were produced in the alloy after the thermal cycling： 1） The discontinuous coarsening implies that grain boundary migrations are inclined to occur in the Al-segregation region after the long-term thermal cycling, especially after 1000 thermal cycles. Al-segregation can be reduced during the process of long-term thermal cycling as a result of element diffusion; 2） The α2 lamellae become thinner and are broken after 1000 thermal cycles caused by the dissolution of α2 lamellae through phase transformation of α2→γ. The γ grains nucleate within the α2 lamellae or（α2＋γ） lamellae in a random direction.
文摘Directional drilling has been established in the coal industry as a viable means of gas drainage, exploration and water management. But the environment in and around coal seams is not always conducive to stable conditions while drilling and borehole stability after the drilling has been completed. This paper identifies the conditions which cause unstable drilling conditions and the various means which are used to attempt to manage or bypass those conditions. Ultimately, equipment does become bogged in these adverse environments and requires recovery by over-coring.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30940086)
文摘Objective To investigate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and its relationship with mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Methods A total of 28 cases of colorectal adenoma and 14 cases of colorectal carcinoma were collected between July 2003 and July 2007 from 33 HNPCC families. Sporadic colorectal adenoma (n=32) and carcinoma patients (n=24) served as controls. With samples of tumor tissues and normal colonic mucosa collected from the patients, the protein expressions of COX-2 and MMR (hMLH1, hMSH2, and hMSH6) were examined with immunohistochemical assay. Frequency of MSI in five standard MSI loci BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346, and D17S250 were analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction. Results The rate of COX-2 high-expression was 53.6% (15/28) and 42.9% (6/14) in HNPCC adenoma and carcinoma; 62.5% (20/32) and 91.7% (22/24) in sporadic adenoma and carcinoma, respectively. That rate was lower in HNPCC carcinoma than in sporadic carcinoma (P<0.05). MMR-deletion rate and percentage of high-frequency MSI (MSI-H) in HNPCC carcinoma were higher than those in sporadic colorectal carcinoma [both 71.4% (10/14) vs. 12.5% (3/24), both P<0.01]. Among the 10 MMR-deficient HNPCC carcinoma patients, COX-2 low-expression was observed in 8 cases (80.0%), while COX-2 high-expression was observed in all of the 4 MMR-positive HNPCC carcinoma cases (P<0.05). In comparison to MMR positive HNPCC carcinoma, HNPCC adenoma, and sporadic carcinoma, COX-2 expression was significantly lower in corresponding MMR-deficient cases (all P<0.05). The rates of COX-2 low-expression in HNPCC adenoma, HNPCC carcinoma, and sporadic carcinoma with MSI-H were significantly higher than those in the cases with microsatellite stability (all P<0.05). Conclusion COX-2 is expressed at a low level in HNPCC carcinoma, different from the high COX-2 expression in sporadic carcinoma.
