靶向细胞程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein-1,PD-1)/细胞程序性死亡配体-1(programmed cell death ligand-1,PD-L1)已成为最具前景的肿瘤免疫治疗靶点之一。目前,PD-1/PD-L1单克隆抗体药物及小分子抑制剂都面临着相应的...靶向细胞程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein-1,PD-1)/细胞程序性死亡配体-1(programmed cell death ligand-1,PD-L1)已成为最具前景的肿瘤免疫治疗靶点之一。目前,PD-1/PD-L1单克隆抗体药物及小分子抑制剂都面临着相应的发展瓶颈,许多研究者尝试探索不同的策略以阻断PD-L1/PD-L1通路,期望改善肿瘤治疗的效果。本文总结了靶向PD-L1的降解剂、双功能分子及共价抑制剂,旨在为PD-1/PD-L1药物的开发提供有益的思路。展开更多
The extraction of Eu^(3+)from chloride medium using bifunctional ionic liquid extractants(Bif-ILEs)tri-n-octylmethyl ammonium bis(2-ethyl hexyl)phosphate([A336][D2EHP])and trihexyltetradecyl phosphonium bis(2-ethylhex...The extraction of Eu^(3+)from chloride medium using bifunctional ionic liquid extractants(Bif-ILEs)tri-n-octylmethyl ammonium bis(2-ethyl hexyl)phosphate([A336][D2EHP])and trihexyltetradecyl phosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate([P_(66614)][D2EHP])in kerosene was studied to develop environmentally friendly extraction process.The extraction behavior of Eu^(3+)was examined by varying key process parameters.The extraction behavior indicates that ammonium-based ionic liquid[A336][D2EHP]shows better extraction efficiency of Eu^(3+)than that of phosphonium-based ionic liquid[P_(66614)][D2EHP].Quantitative extraction of Eu^(3+)is obtained with 0.05 mol/L[A336][D2EHP],whereas,0.1 mol/L of[P_(66614)][D2EHP]is required to achieve the same extraction rate of Eu^(3+).The extraction process is endothermic with respect to[A336][D2EHP].Stripping experiments indicate that 100%of Eu^(3+)can be back extracted from both the loaded ionic liquids using 20 vol.%HNO_(3).The highest separation factor(βY/Eu)of 653.59 is reported at pH of 3.2,and the separation factor of Eu^(3+)over La^(3+)is 30.6 at the same pH.From the leach liquors of waste tube light powder,99.98%of Eu and 99.99%Y are recovered using 0.2 mol/L[A336][D2EHP]in 2-stage cross current extraction with aqueous to organcic ratio(O/A)of 1:1 and 1:2.展开更多
文摘靶向细胞程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein-1,PD-1)/细胞程序性死亡配体-1(programmed cell death ligand-1,PD-L1)已成为最具前景的肿瘤免疫治疗靶点之一。目前,PD-1/PD-L1单克隆抗体药物及小分子抑制剂都面临着相应的发展瓶颈,许多研究者尝试探索不同的策略以阻断PD-L1/PD-L1通路,期望改善肿瘤治疗的效果。本文总结了靶向PD-L1的降解剂、双功能分子及共价抑制剂,旨在为PD-1/PD-L1药物的开发提供有益的思路。
文摘The extraction of Eu^(3+)from chloride medium using bifunctional ionic liquid extractants(Bif-ILEs)tri-n-octylmethyl ammonium bis(2-ethyl hexyl)phosphate([A336][D2EHP])and trihexyltetradecyl phosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate([P_(66614)][D2EHP])in kerosene was studied to develop environmentally friendly extraction process.The extraction behavior of Eu^(3+)was examined by varying key process parameters.The extraction behavior indicates that ammonium-based ionic liquid[A336][D2EHP]shows better extraction efficiency of Eu^(3+)than that of phosphonium-based ionic liquid[P_(66614)][D2EHP].Quantitative extraction of Eu^(3+)is obtained with 0.05 mol/L[A336][D2EHP],whereas,0.1 mol/L of[P_(66614)][D2EHP]is required to achieve the same extraction rate of Eu^(3+).The extraction process is endothermic with respect to[A336][D2EHP].Stripping experiments indicate that 100%of Eu^(3+)can be back extracted from both the loaded ionic liquids using 20 vol.%HNO_(3).The highest separation factor(βY/Eu)of 653.59 is reported at pH of 3.2,and the separation factor of Eu^(3+)over La^(3+)is 30.6 at the same pH.From the leach liquors of waste tube light powder,99.98%of Eu and 99.99%Y are recovered using 0.2 mol/L[A336][D2EHP]in 2-stage cross current extraction with aqueous to organcic ratio(O/A)of 1:1 and 1:2.
