The characteristics of sustainable development problems in the developing countries is discussed.In order to develop and use decision support system (DSS) for supporting sustainable development problem decision making...The characteristics of sustainable development problems in the developing countries is discussed.In order to develop and use decision support system (DSS) for supporting sustainable development problem decision making in the developing countries,this paper presents a strategy of constructing the DSS for sustainable development.A methodology of representing the model of sustainable development problems and developing a nonprocedural modeling language that is used to define sustainable development problems,a methodology of numeric and non numeric operation based theorem proving is given in this paper.展开更多
According to the theory of sustainable development,the current situation and existent problems of the expl oita-tion of water resources were analyze d in this paper.The results show that the contradiction between supp...According to the theory of sustainable development,the current situation and existent problems of the expl oita-tion of water resources were analyze d in this paper.The results show that the contradiction between supply an d demand of water resources is continually aggravating,water pollution is incre asingly serious,water environment is worse,the over-extraction area of the underground water is expanding and water crisis stands out gradually,so it is imp erative under the situation to actualize the susta inable exploitation strategies of water resources.It is necessary for s ustainable utilizing water resources to introduce the mod el of sustainable utilization of water resources-the model of wealth transferring be-tween the generations of water resou rces,establish water-saving socie ty system and water market,form tech nology sys-tems,management systems and evaluation systems for many sorts of water r esources,improve the utilization r atio of water resources,transform waste water in to resources and maintain and restore the water space of water environmen t.展开更多
Developing low-carbon economy and enhancing carbon productivity are basic approaches to coordinating economic development and protecting global environment, which are also the major ways to address climate change unde...Developing low-carbon economy and enhancing carbon productivity are basic approaches to coordinating economic development and protecting global environment, which are also the major ways to address climate change under the framework of sustainable development. In this paper, the authors analyze the annual rate of carbon productivity growth, the differences of carbon productivity of different countries, and the factors for enhancing carbon productivity. Consequently, the authors clarify their viewpoint that the annual rate of carbon productivity growth can be used to weigh the efforts that a country takes to address climate change, and propose policies and suggestions on promoting carbon production.展开更多
Quality of life(QOL) is a hotspot issue that has attracted increasing attention from the Chinese Government and scholars, it is also a vital issue that should be addressed during the cause of ′establishing overall we...Quality of life(QOL) is a hotspot issue that has attracted increasing attention from the Chinese Government and scholars, it is also a vital issue that should be addressed during the cause of ′establishing overall well-off society′. Northeast China is one of the most import old industrial bases in China, however, the industrial structure of heavy chemical industry and the development mode of ′production first, living last′ have leaded to series of social problems, which have also become a serious bottleneck to social stability and economic sustainable development. Through applying the methods of BP neural network, exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) and spatial regression model, this paper examines the space-time dynamics of QOL of the residents in Northeast China. We first investigate the indexes of QOL of the residents and then use ESDA methods to visualize its space-time relationship. We have found a spatial agglomeration of QOL of the residents in middle-southern Liaoning Province, central Jilin Province and Harbin-Qiqihar-Daqing area of Heilongjiang Province. Two third of the counties are low-low spatial correlation, and the correlative type of about 60% of the prefecture level areas keeps stable, indicating QOL of the residents in Northeast China shows a certain character of path dependence or spatial locked. We have also found that economic strength and development levels of service industry have positive and obvious effect on QOL of the residents, while the effect of such indexes as the social service level and the proportion of the tertiary industries are less.展开更多
In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power genera...In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power generation.However,the governments are now facing the dilemma whether to promote small hydropower projects(SHPs) or encourage large hydropower projects(LHPs).RoR large hydropower projects result into large scale cutting of mountains for constructing tunnels and access roads,generation of huge quantity of muck and large scale impact on flora and fauna due to diversion of rivers/streams.On the other hand,though SHPs are claimed to be greener and more sustainable by a section of researchers and energy planners but,they will be required to be set up in large number to generate equivalent amount of electricity.The aim of this study is to rank the most sustainable installed capacity range of RoR hydropower projects.To achieve this aim,the study proposes the use of quite popular multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method of Operation Research named Analytical Hierarchy Process.A case study has been presented from Himachal Pradesh,a hydro rich state located in the western Himalayan region.As per sustainability assessment carried out in this study,hydropower projects in the capacity range 1 to 5 MW have been ranked to be the most sustainable.展开更多
Currently, the agricultural growth in developed countries mainly relies on the improvement of productivity, which is also the target for China. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to describe the spatial-tempor...Currently, the agricultural growth in developed countries mainly relies on the improvement of productivity, which is also the target for China. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to describe the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of agricultural productivity, to reveal changes in total factor productivity in 2ooo-2olo, and analyze the impact of these changes in northwestern Sichuan plateau, China. Using data envelopment analysis （DEA） and the Malmquist Index, an in-depth study was conducted on agricultural productivity and changes in total factor productivity of 31 counties in northwestern Sichuan plateau. Results indicated that： （1） geographically, counties with optimal efficiency were mainly located in the north of northwestern Sichuan plateau and those with the lowest efficiency, in the south; （2） relative to pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency was the dominant factor in determining agricultural productivity; （3） the redundancy rate of input factors in zolo was slightly lower than that in zooo, thereby indicating an improved utilization of input factors to a certain extent and a great potential for further improving such utilization; （4） during the 2ooo-2olo period, the agricultural total factor productivity had an average annual growth rate of 8.3%, but the growth rates in various regions differed widely; （5） technical progress was the dominant factor promoting the improvement of total factor oroductivitv inagriculture. The disparities in spatial distribution may be due to the differences of natural conditions, former level agricultural productivity between counties. The findings are valuable for the government to make sustainable development policies for agriculture and improving agricultural development in northwestern Sichuan plateau.展开更多
This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrea...This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrease in the production. In addition to over-exploitation problem, a record of tsunami disaster makes this fishery a unique case. This research, based on a set of primary and secondary data was carried out using the Rapfish analytical approach. Primary data were collected using a stratified cluster random sampling technique, where as many as 186 outboard fishing operators were selected. Meanwhile, relevant complementary data were solicited purposively from five employees of Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Service. Following from the Rapfish approach, it was found through this research that sustainability levels of fisheries in Pangandaran fall into poor category. For all types of fisheries that exist in the region, almost all sustainability dimensions namely ecological, social, technological and ethical dimensions were scored below 50 of the 100 maximum values. This paper concludes with a suggestion, pointing out attributes that should receive government attention in order that the sustainability of the fisheries in the future.展开更多
In general, investigations carried out to date regarding/measuring systems/systems of measurement of sustainable development present two peculiarities： Either they are of a limited practical nature or they do not all...In general, investigations carried out to date regarding/measuring systems/systems of measurement of sustainable development present two peculiarities： Either they are of a limited practical nature or they do not allow for comparisons between different areas or economies. Global synthetic indicators are an exception to the above; however they have been scarcely developed. This article designs an index of said characteristics, which is subsequently applied to all the countries within the European Union and to the region of Galicia.展开更多
Urban ecological risk analysis is a relatively new study field.Rapid industrial modernization and urbanization have significantly improved the living standards of the city.However,as environmental,safety and health is...Urban ecological risk analysis is a relatively new study field.Rapid industrial modernization and urbanization have significantly improved the living standards of the city.However,as environmental,safety and health issues are causing widespread concern,these problems have potential serious threat on ecosystems and human health.So how to solve many problems arising from city has become a key to sustainable development of human civilization.The present article analyzed the major problems that the city confronts and pointed out the main measures from the aspects of urban environment,safety and health.展开更多
The sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province has important effect on the economic stability and development of Heilongjiang, Northeast China, and China at large. To further the sustainabl...The sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province has important effect on the economic stability and development of Heilongjiang, Northeast China, and China at large. To further the sustainable development evaluation system of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province, based on the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method combined with operational and scientific principles using Saaty＇s 1-9 scale method to construct the judgment matrix from five aspects, such as economic development and environmental quality, this paper establishes the comprehensive evaluation index sys- tem of sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province, including comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits and the contribution rate of science and technology. In addition, using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a comprehensive evaluation is made on the indices of the four major coal mining cities of Heilongjiang. The result shows that the coal mining cities are not bet- ter than Datong of Shanxi province in many indices. The economic development and environment quality are the most important indices of the targeted layer influencing the sustainable development of coal min- ing cities of HeilonKiiang, and their index weights are 0.4358 and 0.2844, respectively. These two indices including comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit and the ratio of environmental protection investment to GDP are the key elements influencing the two aspects.展开更多
The aim of this research is to analyze the emergence of the concepts of sustainable development （SD） and corporate social responsibility （CSR） in companies in time and space. A spatio-temporal reading will indicat...The aim of this research is to analyze the emergence of the concepts of sustainable development （SD） and corporate social responsibility （CSR） in companies in time and space. A spatio-temporal reading will indicate the most important socio-political and environmental events that have emerged with these two concepts. In order to complete the odyssey, a spatio-temporal analysis has retraced the epistemological evolution of these latter, whilst at the same time remarking the appropriation that has been made by the different institutional and organizational actors. The historical and epistemological reviews tell us that these two concepts, which came into existence almost 80 years, have indefinite outlines; one can be substituted for the other. However, thanks to this odyssey, we have reduced the boundaries even further between sustainable development and social responsibility and shown their theoretic and historical association. The perspective adopted shows that the concept of corporate social responsibility is closely connected to that of sustainable development. This connection means that researchers in management science are faced with more new problem issues reaching further than the simple lack of conceptual consensuses.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China!(No.79990 580 )
文摘The characteristics of sustainable development problems in the developing countries is discussed.In order to develop and use decision support system (DSS) for supporting sustainable development problem decision making in the developing countries,this paper presents a strategy of constructing the DSS for sustainable development.A methodology of representing the model of sustainable development problems and developing a nonprocedural modeling language that is used to define sustainable development problems,a methodology of numeric and non numeric operation based theorem proving is given in this paper.
文摘According to the theory of sustainable development,the current situation and existent problems of the expl oita-tion of water resources were analyze d in this paper.The results show that the contradiction between supply an d demand of water resources is continually aggravating,water pollution is incre asingly serious,water environment is worse,the over-extraction area of the underground water is expanding and water crisis stands out gradually,so it is imp erative under the situation to actualize the susta inable exploitation strategies of water resources.It is necessary for s ustainable utilizing water resources to introduce the mod el of sustainable utilization of water resources-the model of wealth transferring be-tween the generations of water resou rces,establish water-saving socie ty system and water market,form tech nology sys-tems,management systems and evaluation systems for many sorts of water r esources,improve the utilization r atio of water resources,transform waste water in to resources and maintain and restore the water space of water environmen t.
基金Major Project of Key Research Bases of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education(05JJD630035)Major International Joint Research Program Founded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50246003)Major Project(90410016)
文摘Developing low-carbon economy and enhancing carbon productivity are basic approaches to coordinating economic development and protecting global environment, which are also the major ways to address climate change under the framework of sustainable development. In this paper, the authors analyze the annual rate of carbon productivity growth, the differences of carbon productivity of different countries, and the factors for enhancing carbon productivity. Consequently, the authors clarify their viewpoint that the annual rate of carbon productivity growth can be used to weigh the efforts that a country takes to address climate change, and propose policies and suggestions on promoting carbon production.
基金Under the auspices of Key Research Program of Chinese Academic of Science(No.KZZD-EW-06-03,KSZD-EW-Z-021-03)Advantage Discipline Project of Hainan Normal University(No.305010048)+2 种基金Key Discipline Project of Hainan(No.3050107048)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201160,41329001)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(No.414189)
文摘Quality of life(QOL) is a hotspot issue that has attracted increasing attention from the Chinese Government and scholars, it is also a vital issue that should be addressed during the cause of ′establishing overall well-off society′. Northeast China is one of the most import old industrial bases in China, however, the industrial structure of heavy chemical industry and the development mode of ′production first, living last′ have leaded to series of social problems, which have also become a serious bottleneck to social stability and economic sustainable development. Through applying the methods of BP neural network, exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) and spatial regression model, this paper examines the space-time dynamics of QOL of the residents in Northeast China. We first investigate the indexes of QOL of the residents and then use ESDA methods to visualize its space-time relationship. We have found a spatial agglomeration of QOL of the residents in middle-southern Liaoning Province, central Jilin Province and Harbin-Qiqihar-Daqing area of Heilongjiang Province. Two third of the counties are low-low spatial correlation, and the correlative type of about 60% of the prefecture level areas keeps stable, indicating QOL of the residents in Northeast China shows a certain character of path dependence or spatial locked. We have also found that economic strength and development levels of service industry have positive and obvious effect on QOL of the residents, while the effect of such indexes as the social service level and the proportion of the tertiary industries are less.
文摘In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power generation.However,the governments are now facing the dilemma whether to promote small hydropower projects(SHPs) or encourage large hydropower projects(LHPs).RoR large hydropower projects result into large scale cutting of mountains for constructing tunnels and access roads,generation of huge quantity of muck and large scale impact on flora and fauna due to diversion of rivers/streams.On the other hand,though SHPs are claimed to be greener and more sustainable by a section of researchers and energy planners but,they will be required to be set up in large number to generate equivalent amount of electricity.The aim of this study is to rank the most sustainable installed capacity range of RoR hydropower projects.To achieve this aim,the study proposes the use of quite popular multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method of Operation Research named Analytical Hierarchy Process.A case study has been presented from Himachal Pradesh,a hydro rich state located in the western Himalayan region.As per sustainability assessment carried out in this study,hydropower projects in the capacity range 1 to 5 MW have been ranked to be the most sustainable.
基金funded by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KSCX2-YW-NF-01)Spark Program projects (Grant No. 2010GA600017)
文摘Currently, the agricultural growth in developed countries mainly relies on the improvement of productivity, which is also the target for China. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to describe the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of agricultural productivity, to reveal changes in total factor productivity in 2ooo-2olo, and analyze the impact of these changes in northwestern Sichuan plateau, China. Using data envelopment analysis （DEA） and the Malmquist Index, an in-depth study was conducted on agricultural productivity and changes in total factor productivity of 31 counties in northwestern Sichuan plateau. Results indicated that： （1） geographically, counties with optimal efficiency were mainly located in the north of northwestern Sichuan plateau and those with the lowest efficiency, in the south; （2） relative to pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency was the dominant factor in determining agricultural productivity; （3） the redundancy rate of input factors in zolo was slightly lower than that in zooo, thereby indicating an improved utilization of input factors to a certain extent and a great potential for further improving such utilization; （4） during the 2ooo-2olo period, the agricultural total factor productivity had an average annual growth rate of 8.3%, but the growth rates in various regions differed widely; （5） technical progress was the dominant factor promoting the improvement of total factor oroductivitv inagriculture. The disparities in spatial distribution may be due to the differences of natural conditions, former level agricultural productivity between counties. The findings are valuable for the government to make sustainable development policies for agriculture and improving agricultural development in northwestern Sichuan plateau.
文摘This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrease in the production. In addition to over-exploitation problem, a record of tsunami disaster makes this fishery a unique case. This research, based on a set of primary and secondary data was carried out using the Rapfish analytical approach. Primary data were collected using a stratified cluster random sampling technique, where as many as 186 outboard fishing operators were selected. Meanwhile, relevant complementary data were solicited purposively from five employees of Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Service. Following from the Rapfish approach, it was found through this research that sustainability levels of fisheries in Pangandaran fall into poor category. For all types of fisheries that exist in the region, almost all sustainability dimensions namely ecological, social, technological and ethical dimensions were scored below 50 of the 100 maximum values. This paper concludes with a suggestion, pointing out attributes that should receive government attention in order that the sustainability of the fisheries in the future.
文摘In general, investigations carried out to date regarding/measuring systems/systems of measurement of sustainable development present two peculiarities： Either they are of a limited practical nature or they do not allow for comparisons between different areas or economies. Global synthetic indicators are an exception to the above; however they have been scarcely developed. This article designs an index of said characteristics, which is subsequently applied to all the countries within the European Union and to the region of Galicia.
文摘Urban ecological risk analysis is a relatively new study field.Rapid industrial modernization and urbanization have significantly improved the living standards of the city.However,as environmental,safety and health issues are causing widespread concern,these problems have potential serious threat on ecosystems and human health.So how to solve many problems arising from city has become a key to sustainable development of human civilization.The present article analyzed the major problems that the city confronts and pointed out the main measures from the aspects of urban environment,safety and health.
基金supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Program of Heilongjiang Province (No. 10D051)the Science and Technology Plan Program of Heilongjiang Province (No. GC10D209)the General Humanity and Social Science Program of Heilongjiang Provincial Universities in 2012 (HET-based energy sustainable development research of Heilongjiang province) (No. 12522258)
文摘The sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province has important effect on the economic stability and development of Heilongjiang, Northeast China, and China at large. To further the sustainable development evaluation system of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province, based on the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method combined with operational and scientific principles using Saaty＇s 1-9 scale method to construct the judgment matrix from five aspects, such as economic development and environmental quality, this paper establishes the comprehensive evaluation index sys- tem of sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province, including comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits and the contribution rate of science and technology. In addition, using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a comprehensive evaluation is made on the indices of the four major coal mining cities of Heilongjiang. The result shows that the coal mining cities are not bet- ter than Datong of Shanxi province in many indices. The economic development and environment quality are the most important indices of the targeted layer influencing the sustainable development of coal min- ing cities of HeilonKiiang, and their index weights are 0.4358 and 0.2844, respectively. These two indices including comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit and the ratio of environmental protection investment to GDP are the key elements influencing the two aspects.
文摘The aim of this research is to analyze the emergence of the concepts of sustainable development （SD） and corporate social responsibility （CSR） in companies in time and space. A spatio-temporal reading will indicate the most important socio-political and environmental events that have emerged with these two concepts. In order to complete the odyssey, a spatio-temporal analysis has retraced the epistemological evolution of these latter, whilst at the same time remarking the appropriation that has been made by the different institutional and organizational actors. The historical and epistemological reviews tell us that these two concepts, which came into existence almost 80 years, have indefinite outlines; one can be substituted for the other. However, thanks to this odyssey, we have reduced the boundaries even further between sustainable development and social responsibility and shown their theoretic and historical association. The perspective adopted shows that the concept of corporate social responsibility is closely connected to that of sustainable development. This connection means that researchers in management science are faced with more new problem issues reaching further than the simple lack of conceptual consensuses.
