Trusted computing,which can effectively increase the credibility of information system,has made great achievements and is in continuous development. For country who is going to strengthen network construction like Chi...Trusted computing,which can effectively increase the credibility of information system,has made great achievements and is in continuous development. For country who is going to strengthen network construction like China,it is an important fundamental supporting technology worth researching. China is in the international forefront in the field of trusted computing. This paper gives comprehensive introductions to the new development and application of key technologies in trusted computing,such as various trusted platform modules(TPM、TCM、TPCM),TCG Software Stack(TSS),trusted cloud server and Trusted Execution Environment(TEE). We illustrate the progressing and application extension of these technologies and also point out some key problems worth studying in the future.展开更多
Wearable smart devices, such as smart watch, wristband are becoming increasingly popular recently. They generally integrate the MEMS-designed inertial sensors, including accelerometer, gyroscope and compass, which pro...Wearable smart devices, such as smart watch, wristband are becoming increasingly popular recently. They generally integrate the MEMS-designed inertial sensors, including accelerometer, gyroscope and compass, which provide a convenient and inexpensive way to collect motion data of users. Such rich, continuous motion data provide great potential for remote healthcare and decease diagnosis. Information processing algorithms play the critical role in these approaches, which is to extract the motion signatures and to access different kinds of judgements. This paper reviews key algorithms in these areas. In particular, we focus on three kinds of applications: 1) gait analysis; 2) fall detection and 3) sleep monitoring. They are the most popular healthcare applications based on the inertial data. By categorizing and introducing the key algorithms, this paper tries to build a clear map of how the inertial data are processed; how the inertial signatures are defined, extracted, and utilized in different kinds of applications. This will provide a valuable guidance for users to understand the methodologies and to select proper algorithm for specifi c application purpose.展开更多
This article presents a technical review of circularly polarized(CP) dielectric resonator antennas(DRA) for wideband applications.The primary objective of this review is,to highlight the techniques used by different r...This article presents a technical review of circularly polarized(CP) dielectric resonator antennas(DRA) for wideband applications.The primary objective of this review is,to highlight the techniques used by different researchers for generating circular polarization in DRA.First,a general idea of circular polarization and it advantages over linear polarization is presented,and then all the major developments made in the CP DRA are highlighted.The emphasis of the paper is on the wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna.The current state of the art and all the realizable features of the CP DRA are addressed comprehensively.Finally,some recommendations for future CP DRAs are given and the paper ends with concluding remarks.展开更多
BFT （Biofloc Technology） has been currently applied in Cantho University to a number of targeted species from fresh-to marine and saline water species in the Mekong Delta, e.g. striped catfish （Pangasianodon hypoph...BFT （Biofloc Technology） has been currently applied in Cantho University to a number of targeted species from fresh-to marine and saline water species in the Mekong Delta, e.g. striped catfish （Pangasianodon hypophthalmus）, white leg shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei）, tiger shrimp （Penaeus monodon） and Artemia Vinhchau strain （Artemia franciscana） for both in the lab-scales or production scales. The best growth and survival rate of striped catfish was obtained in 6%o. For white leg shrimp, the results indicated： （1） C （Carbon） source e.g. rice-flour or molasses supplementary based on the feed provided to promote survival, growth and shrimp biomass harvested; （2） it was fed less than 20% as usual but showed similar to those in the control; （3） combination of rice-flour and molasses at a ratio of 70：30 by weight of C and N （Nitrogen） in a ration of 15：1 enhanced shrimp survival and growth; （4） in intensive culture, shrimp could be against the infection of disease and end up with higher survival, growth in earthen ponds. For tiger shrimp, a set up for larvae till post larvae at different ratios of C and N and C：N of 30 PLI5 displayed with better survival rate （49.73 ± 7.07%） and production （74,596 ± 10.608 PL/m3）. Artemiafranciscana was set up at C：N = 10：1 and salinities from 35, 60, 80 and 100 ppt. After two weeks, there were no significant difference among treatment and the control （without biofloc） in term of survival and growth. Moreover, total embryos per female was not significant different with the control and even the number of embryos as cysts tended to be higher. BFT displayed its advantages when applied on culture system of different targeted species and there is no doubt that it could help to sustain aquaculture and save environment in the Mekong Delta in near future.展开更多
Solar energy is the radiant light and heat from the Sun that has been harnessed by human since ancient times. Also secondary solar resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectric power and biomass account for mos...Solar energy is the radiant light and heat from the Sun that has been harnessed by human since ancient times. Also secondary solar resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectric power and biomass account for most of the available renewable energy on Earth, which can be used by human. Architects since alacient times have used various methods to hamesse and employ the solar energy for lighting, cooling and heating and etc. Meanwhile, Iran＇s ancient architecture, as an adaptive one, which consists of various climatic reigns, is filled with abounding examples of using sun energy in buildings. But, unfortunately despite these ancient methods, our modern architects mostly tend to provide energy of buildings with fossil fuels. This increases energy costs of the building＇s and also pollutes the environment. In this article it is intended to consider the ancient ways of using solar energy in Iran, and then suggest new methods for applying in modem buildings. The results of consideration show that among Solar technologies, passive and active methods, Iran＇s ancient architects have used passive methods, for example in mass and space, orientation and settlement of building. The idea of passive methods can be used in new shapes in current buildings, for instance by using solar space, central yard and etc. The suggestive method in this paper is combining the passive methods with the active ones.展开更多
Objectives:In recent years,the use of mobile health applications(mHealth apps)to deliver care for patients with breast cancer has increased exponentially.This study aimed to summarize the available evidence on develop...Objectives:In recent years,the use of mobile health applications(mHealth apps)to deliver care for patients with breast cancer has increased exponentially.This study aimed to summarize the available evidence on developing mHealth apps to care for patients with breast cancer and identify the need for systematic efforts.Methods:A scoping review was performed according to Arksey and O’Malley’s framework,aiming to identify eligible research studies in PubMed,CINAHL,and Web of Science between January 2010 and December 2020.All identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two reviewers.Results:A total of 676 studies were retrieved,and eight eligible studies were finally included.Four themes emerged:the involvement of patients and health professionals in the phases of design and development,patients’preferences,the characteristics of patients,and the motivators to use mHealth apps.The results indicated promising prospects for using mHealth apps to care for patients with breast cancer and identified the need for systematic efforts to develop and validate relevant apps.Conclusions:The attributes of patient characteristics,needs,and patient-reported outcomes data are vital components for developing mHealth apps for patients with breast cancer.Additionally,collaborative efforts,including patients,nurses,and other significant health professionals,should develop mHealth apps for breast cancer care.Additional research focusing on the design and development of mHealth apps for patients with breast cancer is warranted.展开更多
Despite the progress of international accounting harmonization, there remain a number of countries which have not adopted International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRSs） but continue to adhere to their own accou...Despite the progress of international accounting harmonization, there remain a number of countries which have not adopted International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRSs） but continue to adhere to their own accounting laws or standards, including Libya and some surrounding countries. This paper examines the arguments surrounding the appropriateness of accounting harmonization and the obstacles to achieve it and seeks to apply these arguments in the case of Libya. The conclusion is that although harmonization with IFRSs is not precluded by any cultural considerations, historical factors and accounting education deficiencies may make the adoption of IFRSs more difficult, while the absence of an active stock market may make it less desirable.展开更多
The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, misman...The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, mismanaged use of chemicals, high temperature, flood or drought, soil salinity, and heavy metal pollutions, with regard to food security, is increasingly being explored worldwide. This review describes the role of soil-plant-microbe interactions along with organic manure in solving stressed agriculture problems. Beneficial microbes associated with plants are known to stimulate plant growth and enhance plant resistance to biotic （diseases） and abiotic （salinity, drought, pollutions, etc.） stresses. The plant growth-promoting rhizobemteria （PGPR） and mycorrhizae, a key component of soil microbiota, could play vital roles in the maintenance of plant fitness and soil health under stressed environments. The application of organic manure as a soil conditioner to stressed soils along with suitable microbial strains could further enhance the plant-microbe associations and increase the crop yield. A combination of plant, stress-tolerant microbe, and organic amendment represents the tripartite association to offer a favourable environment to the proliferation of beneficial rhizosphere microbes that in turn enhance the plant growth performance in disturbed agro-ecosystem. Agriculture land use patterns with the proper exploitation of plant-microbe associations, with compatible beneficial microbial agents, could be one of the most effective strategies in the management of the concerned agriculture lands owing to climate change resilience. However, the association of such microbes with plants for stressed agriculture management still needs to be explored in greater depth.展开更多
Over the last three decades, the presence and functional roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi in wetland habitats have received increasing attention. This review summarized the mycorrhizal status in wetlands a...Over the last three decades, the presence and functional roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi in wetland habitats have received increasing attention. This review summarized the mycorrhizal status in wetlands and the effect of flooding on AM fungal colonization. Plants of 99 families living in 31 different habitats have been found to be associated with AM fungi, even including submerged aquatic plants and several plant species that were thought to be nonmycorrhizal （Cyperaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Plumbaginaceac）. The functions of AM fungi in wetland ecological systems could be concluded as their influences on the composition, succession, and diversity of the wetland plant community, and the growth and nutrition of wetland plants. Affecting the composition, succession, and diversity of the wetland plant community, AM fungi have positive, negative, or neutral effects on the performance of different wetland species under different conditions. The factors that affect the application effect of AM fungi in constructed wetland （CW） include flooding, phosphorus, plant species, aerenchyma, salinity, CW types, operation modes of CW, and wastewater quality. The generalist AM fungi strains can be established spontaneously, rapidly, and extensively in wastewater bioremediation technical installations; therefore, AM fungi can be considered ideal inhabitants of technical installations for the plant-based bioremediation of groundwater contaminated by organic pollutants or other contaminants. In the future, roles of AM fungi and factors that affect the purifying capacity of AM-CW system must be understood to optimize CW ecosystem.展开更多
Since graphene was discovered, the study of two-dimensional(2D) materials with atomic thickness has become a hot spot. To prepare different 2D materials,different methods have been groped, such as mechanical exfoliati...Since graphene was discovered, the study of two-dimensional(2D) materials with atomic thickness has become a hot spot. To prepare different 2D materials,different methods have been groped, such as mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition(CVD), liquid-phase exfoliation. This review mainly introduced the sonication liquid-phase exfoliation, an effective method to prepare 2D materials. Compared with mechanical exfoliation and CVD methods, liquid-phase exfoliation is convenient and costeffective and provides high yield. We focused on both theoretical and experimental details of this method. This method was reviewed according to the development of 2D materials from graphene, h-BN to transition metal chalcogenides(TMDs) and black phosphorus nanosheets.We discussed the applications of liquid-exfoliated 2D materials including micro- and nanoelectrical devices,photoelectric devices, and energy storage devices.展开更多
Animal manure consists of predominantly urine and feces, but also may contain bedding materials, dropped feed, scurf, and other farming wastes. Manure is typically applied to soils as fertilizer for agricultural produ...Animal manure consists of predominantly urine and feces, but also may contain bedding materials, dropped feed, scurf, and other farming wastes. Manure is typically applied to soils as fertilizer for agricultural production. The estimated amount of manure produced in 12 major livestock-producing countries is 9 × 10^9 Mg of manure annually. Manure is rich in plant nutrients. However, manure is also considered as an environmental pollutant when it is over-applied to cropland or following runoff into surface water. Manure can also influence global climate change via emissions of methane （CH4） and nitrous oxide （N2O）. Thus, increased and updated knowledge of applied and environmental chemistry of animal manure is needed to shed light on the research and development of animal manure utilization and minimization of its adverse environmental concerns. The advances in basic and applied studies of manure major components, organic matter, phosphorus, and nitrogen, primarily related to US livestock production are summarized in this review. Detailed focus was placed on three notable challenges for future manure research： 1） soil application of animal manure, 2） manure phytate phosphorus, and 3） manure nitrogen availability. This review may contribute to the global effort in sustainable and environmentally sound agriculture by stimulating new ideas and directions in animal manure research, and promoting application of knowledge and insight derived from manure research into improved manure management strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant NO.61332019, NO.61402342, NO.61202387)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No.2014CB340600)the National High–Tech Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program) (Grant No.2015AA016002)
文摘Trusted computing,which can effectively increase the credibility of information system,has made great achievements and is in continuous development. For country who is going to strengthen network construction like China,it is an important fundamental supporting technology worth researching. China is in the international forefront in the field of trusted computing. This paper gives comprehensive introductions to the new development and application of key technologies in trusted computing,such as various trusted platform modules(TPM、TCM、TPCM),TCG Software Stack(TSS),trusted cloud server and Trusted Execution Environment(TEE). We illustrate the progressing and application extension of these technologies and also point out some key problems worth studying in the future.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 61202360, 61033001, 61361136003the National Basic Research Program of China Grant 2011CBA00300, 2011CBA00302
文摘Wearable smart devices, such as smart watch, wristband are becoming increasingly popular recently. They generally integrate the MEMS-designed inertial sensors, including accelerometer, gyroscope and compass, which provide a convenient and inexpensive way to collect motion data of users. Such rich, continuous motion data provide great potential for remote healthcare and decease diagnosis. Information processing algorithms play the critical role in these approaches, which is to extract the motion signatures and to access different kinds of judgements. This paper reviews key algorithms in these areas. In particular, we focus on three kinds of applications: 1) gait analysis; 2) fall detection and 3) sleep monitoring. They are the most popular healthcare applications based on the inertial data. By categorizing and introducing the key algorithms, this paper tries to build a clear map of how the inertial data are processed; how the inertial signatures are defined, extracted, and utilized in different kinds of applications. This will provide a valuable guidance for users to understand the methodologies and to select proper algorithm for specifi c application purpose.
基金Global Fellowship Scheme of Universiti Sains Malaysia,research grant number USM RUT 1001/PELECT/854004
文摘This article presents a technical review of circularly polarized(CP) dielectric resonator antennas(DRA) for wideband applications.The primary objective of this review is,to highlight the techniques used by different researchers for generating circular polarization in DRA.First,a general idea of circular polarization and it advantages over linear polarization is presented,and then all the major developments made in the CP DRA are highlighted.The emphasis of the paper is on the wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna.The current state of the art and all the realizable features of the CP DRA are addressed comprehensively.Finally,some recommendations for future CP DRAs are given and the paper ends with concluding remarks.
文摘BFT （Biofloc Technology） has been currently applied in Cantho University to a number of targeted species from fresh-to marine and saline water species in the Mekong Delta, e.g. striped catfish （Pangasianodon hypophthalmus）, white leg shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei）, tiger shrimp （Penaeus monodon） and Artemia Vinhchau strain （Artemia franciscana） for both in the lab-scales or production scales. The best growth and survival rate of striped catfish was obtained in 6%o. For white leg shrimp, the results indicated： （1） C （Carbon） source e.g. rice-flour or molasses supplementary based on the feed provided to promote survival, growth and shrimp biomass harvested; （2） it was fed less than 20% as usual but showed similar to those in the control; （3） combination of rice-flour and molasses at a ratio of 70：30 by weight of C and N （Nitrogen） in a ration of 15：1 enhanced shrimp survival and growth; （4） in intensive culture, shrimp could be against the infection of disease and end up with higher survival, growth in earthen ponds. For tiger shrimp, a set up for larvae till post larvae at different ratios of C and N and C：N of 30 PLI5 displayed with better survival rate （49.73 ± 7.07%） and production （74,596 ± 10.608 PL/m3）. Artemiafranciscana was set up at C：N = 10：1 and salinities from 35, 60, 80 and 100 ppt. After two weeks, there were no significant difference among treatment and the control （without biofloc） in term of survival and growth. Moreover, total embryos per female was not significant different with the control and even the number of embryos as cysts tended to be higher. BFT displayed its advantages when applied on culture system of different targeted species and there is no doubt that it could help to sustain aquaculture and save environment in the Mekong Delta in near future.
文摘Solar energy is the radiant light and heat from the Sun that has been harnessed by human since ancient times. Also secondary solar resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectric power and biomass account for most of the available renewable energy on Earth, which can be used by human. Architects since alacient times have used various methods to hamesse and employ the solar energy for lighting, cooling and heating and etc. Meanwhile, Iran＇s ancient architecture, as an adaptive one, which consists of various climatic reigns, is filled with abounding examples of using sun energy in buildings. But, unfortunately despite these ancient methods, our modern architects mostly tend to provide energy of buildings with fossil fuels. This increases energy costs of the building＇s and also pollutes the environment. In this article it is intended to consider the ancient ways of using solar energy in Iran, and then suggest new methods for applying in modem buildings. The results of consideration show that among Solar technologies, passive and active methods, Iran＇s ancient architects have used passive methods, for example in mass and space, orientation and settlement of building. The idea of passive methods can be used in new shapes in current buildings, for instance by using solar space, central yard and etc. The suggestive method in this paper is combining the passive methods with the active ones.
基金This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(71874032)the Natural Science Foundation of China(72074054).
文摘Objectives:In recent years,the use of mobile health applications(mHealth apps)to deliver care for patients with breast cancer has increased exponentially.This study aimed to summarize the available evidence on developing mHealth apps to care for patients with breast cancer and identify the need for systematic efforts.Methods:A scoping review was performed according to Arksey and O’Malley’s framework,aiming to identify eligible research studies in PubMed,CINAHL,and Web of Science between January 2010 and December 2020.All identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two reviewers.Results:A total of 676 studies were retrieved,and eight eligible studies were finally included.Four themes emerged:the involvement of patients and health professionals in the phases of design and development,patients’preferences,the characteristics of patients,and the motivators to use mHealth apps.The results indicated promising prospects for using mHealth apps to care for patients with breast cancer and identified the need for systematic efforts to develop and validate relevant apps.Conclusions:The attributes of patient characteristics,needs,and patient-reported outcomes data are vital components for developing mHealth apps for patients with breast cancer.Additionally,collaborative efforts,including patients,nurses,and other significant health professionals,should develop mHealth apps for breast cancer care.Additional research focusing on the design and development of mHealth apps for patients with breast cancer is warranted.
文摘Despite the progress of international accounting harmonization, there remain a number of countries which have not adopted International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRSs） but continue to adhere to their own accounting laws or standards, including Libya and some surrounding countries. This paper examines the arguments surrounding the appropriateness of accounting harmonization and the obstacles to achieve it and seeks to apply these arguments in the case of Libya. The conclusion is that although harmonization with IFRSs is not precluded by any cultural considerations, historical factors and accounting education deficiencies may make the adoption of IFRSs more difficult, while the absence of an active stock market may make it less desirable.
文摘The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, mismanaged use of chemicals, high temperature, flood or drought, soil salinity, and heavy metal pollutions, with regard to food security, is increasingly being explored worldwide. This review describes the role of soil-plant-microbe interactions along with organic manure in solving stressed agriculture problems. Beneficial microbes associated with plants are known to stimulate plant growth and enhance plant resistance to biotic （diseases） and abiotic （salinity, drought, pollutions, etc.） stresses. The plant growth-promoting rhizobemteria （PGPR） and mycorrhizae, a key component of soil microbiota, could play vital roles in the maintenance of plant fitness and soil health under stressed environments. The application of organic manure as a soil conditioner to stressed soils along with suitable microbial strains could further enhance the plant-microbe associations and increase the crop yield. A combination of plant, stress-tolerant microbe, and organic amendment represents the tripartite association to offer a favourable environment to the proliferation of beneficial rhizosphere microbes that in turn enhance the plant growth performance in disturbed agro-ecosystem. Agriculture land use patterns with the proper exploitation of plant-microbe associations, with compatible beneficial microbial agents, could be one of the most effective strategies in the management of the concerned agriculture lands owing to climate change resilience. However, the association of such microbes with plants for stressed agriculture management still needs to be explored in greater depth.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31400435 and 31270573)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. WUT2014-IV-050)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China (No. 2015CFB596)
文摘Over the last three decades, the presence and functional roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi in wetland habitats have received increasing attention. This review summarized the mycorrhizal status in wetlands and the effect of flooding on AM fungal colonization. Plants of 99 families living in 31 different habitats have been found to be associated with AM fungi, even including submerged aquatic plants and several plant species that were thought to be nonmycorrhizal （Cyperaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Plumbaginaceac）. The functions of AM fungi in wetland ecological systems could be concluded as their influences on the composition, succession, and diversity of the wetland plant community, and the growth and nutrition of wetland plants. Affecting the composition, succession, and diversity of the wetland plant community, AM fungi have positive, negative, or neutral effects on the performance of different wetland species under different conditions. The factors that affect the application effect of AM fungi in constructed wetland （CW） include flooding, phosphorus, plant species, aerenchyma, salinity, CW types, operation modes of CW, and wastewater quality. The generalist AM fungi strains can be established spontaneously, rapidly, and extensively in wastewater bioremediation technical installations; therefore, AM fungi can be considered ideal inhabitants of technical installations for the plant-based bioremediation of groundwater contaminated by organic pollutants or other contaminants. In the future, roles of AM fungi and factors that affect the purifying capacity of AM-CW system must be understood to optimize CW ecosystem.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB931700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61222403+1 种基金61307067)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Since graphene was discovered, the study of two-dimensional(2D) materials with atomic thickness has become a hot spot. To prepare different 2D materials,different methods have been groped, such as mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition(CVD), liquid-phase exfoliation. This review mainly introduced the sonication liquid-phase exfoliation, an effective method to prepare 2D materials. Compared with mechanical exfoliation and CVD methods, liquid-phase exfoliation is convenient and costeffective and provides high yield. We focused on both theoretical and experimental details of this method. This method was reviewed according to the development of 2D materials from graphene, h-BN to transition metal chalcogenides(TMDs) and black phosphorus nanosheets.We discussed the applications of liquid-exfoliated 2D materials including micro- and nanoelectrical devices,photoelectric devices, and energy storage devices.
文摘Animal manure consists of predominantly urine and feces, but also may contain bedding materials, dropped feed, scurf, and other farming wastes. Manure is typically applied to soils as fertilizer for agricultural production. The estimated amount of manure produced in 12 major livestock-producing countries is 9 × 10^9 Mg of manure annually. Manure is rich in plant nutrients. However, manure is also considered as an environmental pollutant when it is over-applied to cropland or following runoff into surface water. Manure can also influence global climate change via emissions of methane （CH4） and nitrous oxide （N2O）. Thus, increased and updated knowledge of applied and environmental chemistry of animal manure is needed to shed light on the research and development of animal manure utilization and minimization of its adverse environmental concerns. The advances in basic and applied studies of manure major components, organic matter, phosphorus, and nitrogen, primarily related to US livestock production are summarized in this review. Detailed focus was placed on three notable challenges for future manure research： 1） soil application of animal manure, 2） manure phytate phosphorus, and 3） manure nitrogen availability. This review may contribute to the global effort in sustainable and environmentally sound agriculture by stimulating new ideas and directions in animal manure research, and promoting application of knowledge and insight derived from manure research into improved manure management strategies.
