The turbidity criterion for the product water of a WTP according to the State Project ‘863’ on the safeguard technology of drinking water in the southern areas of China is 0.1 NTU. The turbidity removal in the activ...The turbidity criterion for the product water of a WTP according to the State Project ‘863’ on the safeguard technology of drinking water in the southern areas of China is 0.1 NTU. The turbidity removal in the activated carbon filter was analyzed in a pilot-scale test and an innovative technology to improve the turbidity removal in a biologically activated carbon (BAC) filter was put forward in order to meet the criterion. Experimental results showed that the enhanced filtration by adding polymerized aluminium chloride (PAC) into the BAC filter was quite effective in turbidity control. The effluent turbidity was kept at a stable level (mean) of 0.033 NTU with a high removal of about 80% for influent turbidity of 0.110-0.240 NTU with an addition of PAC at 0.05 mg L -1, meeting the requirement for filtrate turbidity equal to or less than 0.1NTUC totally. In addition, the larger the PAC dosage was, the lower the effluent turbidity was. However, further improvement of turbidity removal was not obvious for PAC dosages beyond 0.10 mg L -1, and an optimal PAC dosage in the range of 0.]05-0.10 mg L -1 was proposed.展开更多
Limited availability of organic matter is a problem to sustain crop growth on sodic soil. Organic soil amendments are a costeffective source of nutrients to enhance crop growth. A field study was conducted to evaluate...Limited availability of organic matter is a problem to sustain crop growth on sodic soil. Organic soil amendments are a costeffective source of nutrients to enhance crop growth. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an organic soil amendment bioaugmented with plant growth-promoting fungi(SF_(OA) ) in combination with gypsum on soil properties and growth and yield attributes of Withania somnifera, one of the most valuable crops of the traditional medicinal system in the world, on a sodic soil at the Aurawan Research Farm of CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India. The SF_(OA) used was prepared by pre-enriching farm waste vermicompost with plant growth-promoting fungi before mixing with pressmud and Azadirachta indica seed cake. The application of SF_(OA) at 10 Mg ha^(-1)after gypsum(25.0 Mg ha^(-1)) treatment significantly(P < 0.05) increased root length(by 96%) and biomass(by 125%) of Withania plants compared to the control without SF_(OA) and gypsum. Similarly, the highest withanolide contents were observed in leaves and roots of Withania plants under 10 Mg ha^(-1)SF_(OA) and gypsum. Combined application of SF_(OA) and gypsum also improved physical, chemical and enzymatic properties of the soil, with the soil bulk density decreasing by 25%, water-holding capacity increasing by 121%, total organic C increasing by 90%, p H decreasing by 17% and alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase, dehydrogenase and cellulase activities increasing by 54%, 128%, 81% and 96%, respectively, compared to those of the control. These showed that application of the SF_(OA) tested in this study might reclaim sodic soil and further support Withania cultivation and results were better when the SF_(OA) was applied after gypsum treatment.展开更多
文摘The turbidity criterion for the product water of a WTP according to the State Project ‘863’ on the safeguard technology of drinking water in the southern areas of China is 0.1 NTU. The turbidity removal in the activated carbon filter was analyzed in a pilot-scale test and an innovative technology to improve the turbidity removal in a biologically activated carbon (BAC) filter was put forward in order to meet the criterion. Experimental results showed that the enhanced filtration by adding polymerized aluminium chloride (PAC) into the BAC filter was quite effective in turbidity control. The effluent turbidity was kept at a stable level (mean) of 0.033 NTU with a high removal of about 80% for influent turbidity of 0.110-0.240 NTU with an addition of PAC at 0.05 mg L -1, meeting the requirement for filtrate turbidity equal to or less than 0.1NTUC totally. In addition, the larger the PAC dosage was, the lower the effluent turbidity was. However, further improvement of turbidity removal was not obvious for PAC dosages beyond 0.10 mg L -1, and an optimal PAC dosage in the range of 0.]05-0.10 mg L -1 was proposed.
文摘Limited availability of organic matter is a problem to sustain crop growth on sodic soil. Organic soil amendments are a costeffective source of nutrients to enhance crop growth. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an organic soil amendment bioaugmented with plant growth-promoting fungi(SF_(OA) ) in combination with gypsum on soil properties and growth and yield attributes of Withania somnifera, one of the most valuable crops of the traditional medicinal system in the world, on a sodic soil at the Aurawan Research Farm of CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India. The SF_(OA) used was prepared by pre-enriching farm waste vermicompost with plant growth-promoting fungi before mixing with pressmud and Azadirachta indica seed cake. The application of SF_(OA) at 10 Mg ha^(-1)after gypsum(25.0 Mg ha^(-1)) treatment significantly(P < 0.05) increased root length(by 96%) and biomass(by 125%) of Withania plants compared to the control without SF_(OA) and gypsum. Similarly, the highest withanolide contents were observed in leaves and roots of Withania plants under 10 Mg ha^(-1)SF_(OA) and gypsum. Combined application of SF_(OA) and gypsum also improved physical, chemical and enzymatic properties of the soil, with the soil bulk density decreasing by 25%, water-holding capacity increasing by 121%, total organic C increasing by 90%, p H decreasing by 17% and alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase, dehydrogenase and cellulase activities increasing by 54%, 128%, 81% and 96%, respectively, compared to those of the control. These showed that application of the SF_(OA) tested in this study might reclaim sodic soil and further support Withania cultivation and results were better when the SF_(OA) was applied after gypsum treatment.
