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稻田稗草对五氟磺草胺的抗性机制及其防治药剂筛选 被引量:5
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作者 张丽雅 李奇 +7 位作者 史珊珊 马雨梦 刘亚琪 赵超伟 王鹤如 操海群 廖敏 赵宁 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第14期2713-2723,共11页
【目的】稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)是我国水稻田主要恶性杂草之一,五氟磺草胺等乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)抑制剂类除草剂是防治稻田稗草的主要除草剂种类。本研究团队前期在安徽省天长市水稻主产区发现疑似五氟磺... 【目的】稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)是我国水稻田主要恶性杂草之一,五氟磺草胺等乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)抑制剂类除草剂是防治稻田稗草的主要除草剂种类。本研究团队前期在安徽省天长市水稻主产区发现疑似五氟磺草胺抗性稗草种群AHTC-01,明确其对稻田不同种类除草剂的抗性水平及可能的抗性分子机制,为抗性稗草有效防治、延缓其抗药性进一步发展提供理论依据。【方法】采用温室盆栽法在整株水平上测定稗草种群AHTC-01对五氟磺草胺的抗性水平及对不同除草剂的抗性模式,并通过靶标基因测序和实时荧光定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)分析探索其靶标抗性分子机制。【结果】相比敏感稗草种群AHFY-01,疑似抗性稗草种群AHTC-01已对五氟磺草胺产生高水平抗性,抗性倍数(resistance index,RI)为620。靶标抗性机制分析表明,AHTC-01种群ALS基因拷贝2(ALS2)第574位氨基酸由色氨酸(Trp)突变为亮氨酸(Leu),其种群突变频率为100%;在五氟磺草胺处理后12 h,抗性稗草种群AHTC-01 ALS相对表达量为敏感稗草种群AHFY-01的2.26倍。AHTC-01同时对其他3种ALS抑制剂类除草剂双草醚、嘧啶肟草醚、甲氧咪草烟产生不同水平交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为8.24、13.36、20.36;但是对乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl-CoA carboxylase,ACCase)抑制剂氰氟草酯、精噁唑禾草灵和烯草酮,4-羟基苯基丙酮酸双氧化酶(4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase,HPPD)抑制剂三唑磺草酮,合成生长素类(synthetic auxin mimic)氯氟吡啶酯等其他作用机制除草剂依旧较为敏感。【结论】稗草种群AHTC-01靶标基因ALS2第574位氨基酸突变和ALS过量表达是其对五氟磺草胺产生抗性的主要原因之一,该抗性机制同时赋予其对不同ALS抑制剂的交互抗性。农田生产实际中,可轮换使用其他作用机制除草剂对其进行有效防治。 展开更多
关键词 稗草 五氟磺草胺 乙酰乳酸合成酶 基因突变 基因过量表达 抗性模式
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Upper bound seismic rotational stability analysis of gravity retaining walls considering embedment depth 被引量:2
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作者 刘杰 黄达 +1 位作者 杨超 孙莎 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第10期4083-4089,共7页
Stability analysis of gravity retaining wall was currently based on the assumption that the wall had no embedment depth. The effect of earth berm was usually neglected. The present work highlighted the importance of e... Stability analysis of gravity retaining wall was currently based on the assumption that the wall had no embedment depth. The effect of earth berm was usually neglected. The present work highlighted the importance of embedment depth when assessing the seismic stability of gravity retaining walls with the pattern of pure rotation. In the framework of upper bound theorem of limit analysis, pseudo-static method was applied into two groups of parallel rigid soil slices methods in order to account for the effect of embedment depth on evaluating the critical acceleration of wall-soil system. The present analytical solution is identical to the results obtained from using limit equilibrium method, and the two methods are based on different theory backgrounds. Parameter analysis indicates that the critical acceleration increases slowly when the ratio of the embedment depth to the total height of the wall is from 0 to 0.15 and increases drastically when the ratio exceeds 0.15. 展开更多
关键词 gravity retaining wall embedment depth seismic rotational stability upper bound analysis parallel rigid soil slices
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