One of the surface mining methods is open-pit mining,by which a pit is dug to extract ore or waste downwards from the earth’s surface.In the mining industry,one of the most significant difficulties is long-term produ...One of the surface mining methods is open-pit mining,by which a pit is dug to extract ore or waste downwards from the earth’s surface.In the mining industry,one of the most significant difficulties is long-term production scheduling(LTPS)of the open-pit mines.Deterministic and uncertainty-based approaches are identified as the main strategies,which have been widely used to cope with this problem.Within the last few years,many researchers have highly considered a new computational type,which is less costly,i.e.,meta-heuristic methods,so as to solve the mine design and production scheduling problem.Although the optimality of the final solution cannot be guaranteed,they are able to produce sufficiently good solutions with relatively less computational costs.In the present paper,two hybrid models between augmented Lagrangian relaxation(ALR)and a particle swarm optimization(PSO)and ALR and bat algorithm(BA)are suggested so that the LTPS problem is solved under the condition of grade uncertainty.It is suggested to carry out the ALR method on the LTPS problem to improve its performance and accelerate the convergence.Moreover,the Lagrangian coefficients are updated by using PSO and BA.The presented models have been compared with the outcomes of the ALR-genetic algorithm,the ALR-traditional sub-gradient method,and the conventional method without using the Lagrangian approach.The results indicated that the ALR is considered a more efficient approach which can solve a large-scale problem and make a valid solution.Hence,it is more effectual than the conventional method.Furthermore,the time and cost of computation are diminished by the proposed hybrid strategies.The CPU time using the ALR-BA method is about 7.4%higher than the ALR-PSO approach.展开更多
We investigate the leading SUSY-QCD contributions to the branch ratio (BR) oft→ch~0 within the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with complex parameters,assuming more generally that there is...We investigate the leading SUSY-QCD contributions to the branch ratio (BR) oft→ch~0 within the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with complex parameters,assuming more generally that there is a misalignment between the squark and quark that leads to a flavor non-diagonal squark mass matrix.We introduce complex phases only in μ and At,namely φ_μ and φ_(Aq),for simplicity,and study the dependence of the BR of t→ch~0 on these phase parameters.Our calculations show that these CP-violation phases and the flavor mixing parameter λ influence the BR oft→ch~0 considerably,and the effect induced by φ_(At) is much larger than that by φ_μ and φ_(Ac(?)u.For different values of the complex parameters μ and A_t that are set in this paper,the BR of t -+ ch~ is in the range of 10~(-7)～10~(-6),depending mainly on the value of the trilinear coupling A_t.展开更多
In the Hellings Nordtvedt theory, we obtain some expressions of energy radiation and mass defect effect for a kind of the active galactic nuclei, which is meaningful to calculating the energy radiation in the processi...In the Hellings Nordtvedt theory, we obtain some expressions of energy radiation and mass defect effect for a kind of the active galactic nuclei, which is meaningful to calculating the energy radiation in the procession of forming this kind of celestial bodies. This calculation can give some interpretation for energy source of the jet from the active galactic nuclei.展开更多
To address large scale industrial processes,a novel Lagrangian scheme is proposed to decompose a refinery scheduling problem with operational transitions in mode switching into a production subproblem and a blending a...To address large scale industrial processes,a novel Lagrangian scheme is proposed to decompose a refinery scheduling problem with operational transitions in mode switching into a production subproblem and a blending and delivery subproblem.To accelerate the convergence of Lagrange multipliers,some auxiliary constraints are added in the blending and delivery subproblem.A speed-up scheme is presented to increase the efficiency for solving the production subproblem.An initialization scheme of Lagrange multipliers and a heuristic algorithm to find feasible solutions are designed.Computational results on three cases with different lengths of time horizons and different numbers of orders show that the proposed Lagrangian scheme is effective and efficient.展开更多
In this paper, the authors propose a computational procedure by using fuzzy approach to fred the optimal solution of quadratic programming problems. The authors divide the calculation of the optimal solution into two ...In this paper, the authors propose a computational procedure by using fuzzy approach to fred the optimal solution of quadratic programming problems. The authors divide the calculation of the optimal solution into two stages. In the first stage the authors determine the unconstrained minimization and check its feasibility. The second stage, the authors explore the feasible region from initial point to another point until the authors get the optimal point by using Lagrange multiplier. A numerical example is included to support as illustration of the paper.展开更多
文摘One of the surface mining methods is open-pit mining,by which a pit is dug to extract ore or waste downwards from the earth’s surface.In the mining industry,one of the most significant difficulties is long-term production scheduling(LTPS)of the open-pit mines.Deterministic and uncertainty-based approaches are identified as the main strategies,which have been widely used to cope with this problem.Within the last few years,many researchers have highly considered a new computational type,which is less costly,i.e.,meta-heuristic methods,so as to solve the mine design and production scheduling problem.Although the optimality of the final solution cannot be guaranteed,they are able to produce sufficiently good solutions with relatively less computational costs.In the present paper,two hybrid models between augmented Lagrangian relaxation(ALR)and a particle swarm optimization(PSO)and ALR and bat algorithm(BA)are suggested so that the LTPS problem is solved under the condition of grade uncertainty.It is suggested to carry out the ALR method on the LTPS problem to improve its performance and accelerate the convergence.Moreover,the Lagrangian coefficients are updated by using PSO and BA.The presented models have been compared with the outcomes of the ALR-genetic algorithm,the ALR-traditional sub-gradient method,and the conventional method without using the Lagrangian approach.The results indicated that the ALR is considered a more efficient approach which can solve a large-scale problem and make a valid solution.Hence,it is more effectual than the conventional method.Furthermore,the time and cost of computation are diminished by the proposed hybrid strategies.The CPU time using the ALR-BA method is about 7.4%higher than the ALR-PSO approach.
基金The project supported in part by National Natura Science Foundation of China and a grant from the University of Science and Technology of China
文摘We investigate the leading SUSY-QCD contributions to the branch ratio (BR) oft→ch~0 within the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with complex parameters,assuming more generally that there is a misalignment between the squark and quark that leads to a flavor non-diagonal squark mass matrix.We introduce complex phases only in μ and At,namely φ_μ and φ_(Aq),for simplicity,and study the dependence of the BR of t→ch~0 on these phase parameters.Our calculations show that these CP-violation phases and the flavor mixing parameter λ influence the BR oft→ch~0 considerably,and the effect induced by φ_(At) is much larger than that by φ_μ and φ_(Ac(?)u.For different values of the complex parameters μ and A_t that are set in this paper,the BR of t -+ ch~ is in the range of 10~(-7)～10~(-6),depending mainly on the value of the trilinear coupling A_t.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.19975018+2 种基金National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2003CB716300Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China under Grant No.01JJY2084
文摘In the Hellings Nordtvedt theory, we obtain some expressions of energy radiation and mass defect effect for a kind of the active galactic nuclei, which is meaningful to calculating the energy radiation in the procession of forming this kind of celestial bodies. This calculation can give some interpretation for energy source of the jet from the active galactic nuclei.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61273039,21276137)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(61525304)
文摘To address large scale industrial processes,a novel Lagrangian scheme is proposed to decompose a refinery scheduling problem with operational transitions in mode switching into a production subproblem and a blending and delivery subproblem.To accelerate the convergence of Lagrange multipliers,some auxiliary constraints are added in the blending and delivery subproblem.A speed-up scheme is presented to increase the efficiency for solving the production subproblem.An initialization scheme of Lagrange multipliers and a heuristic algorithm to find feasible solutions are designed.Computational results on three cases with different lengths of time horizons and different numbers of orders show that the proposed Lagrangian scheme is effective and efficient.
文摘In this paper, the authors propose a computational procedure by using fuzzy approach to fred the optimal solution of quadratic programming problems. The authors divide the calculation of the optimal solution into two stages. In the first stage the authors determine the unconstrained minimization and check its feasibility. The second stage, the authors explore the feasible region from initial point to another point until the authors get the optimal point by using Lagrange multiplier. A numerical example is included to support as illustration of the paper.
