Based on an available parking space occupancy （APSO） survey conducted in Nanjing, China, an APSO forecasting model is proposed. The APSO survey results indicate that the time series of APSO with different time-secti...Based on an available parking space occupancy （APSO） survey conducted in Nanjing, China, an APSO forecasting model is proposed. The APSO survey results indicate that the time series of APSO with different time-sections are periodical and self-similar, and the fluctuation of the APSO increases with the decrease in time-sections. Taking the short-time change behavior into account, an APSO forecasting model combined wavelet analysis and a weighted Markov chain is presented. In this model, an original APSO time series is first decomposed by wavelet analysis, and the results include low frequency signals representing the basic trends of APSO and several high frequency signals representing disturbances of the APSO. Then different Markov models are used to forecast the changes of low and high frequency signals, respectively. Finally, integrating the predicted results induces the final forecasted APSO. A case study verifies the applicability of the proposed model. The comparisons between measured and forecasted results show that the model is a competent model and its accuracy relies on real-time update of the APSO database.展开更多
Field and greenhouse studies were conducted in Prince Edward Island (P. E.I.) on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), red clover (Trifolium praten.se L.), alfalfa (Medieagn saliva L.), and rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica...Field and greenhouse studies were conducted in Prince Edward Island (P. E.I.) on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), red clover (Trifolium praten.se L.), alfalfa (Medieagn saliva L.), and rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica. Mill). Plant B concentrations were compared to soil B extracted by hot-water, 0.05 M HCI, 1.5 M CH3COOH and 0.01 M CaCl2. The r values for extractable soil B vs. plant B were: hot water (0.67). 0.05 M HCl (0.82), 1.5 M CH3COOH (0.78) and hot 0.01 M CaCl2(0.61). Results of soil B from the 0.05 M HCl extracts were generally found to give the best correlation and linear regression among the four extractants tested for predicting the availability of B to the plants. Overall, the 0.05 M HCl proved to be superior to hot water extraction and is recommended for predicting the available B status of the acid soils of P. E. I. The probability of error with 0.05 M HCL is less since it is shaken for a fixed period of time as opposed to subjective error which could be caused in monitoring the boiling time using hot water.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No50738001)the National Basic Research Program of China (973Program) (No2006CB705501)
文摘Based on an available parking space occupancy （APSO） survey conducted in Nanjing, China, an APSO forecasting model is proposed. The APSO survey results indicate that the time series of APSO with different time-sections are periodical and self-similar, and the fluctuation of the APSO increases with the decrease in time-sections. Taking the short-time change behavior into account, an APSO forecasting model combined wavelet analysis and a weighted Markov chain is presented. In this model, an original APSO time series is first decomposed by wavelet analysis, and the results include low frequency signals representing the basic trends of APSO and several high frequency signals representing disturbances of the APSO. Then different Markov models are used to forecast the changes of low and high frequency signals, respectively. Finally, integrating the predicted results induces the final forecasted APSO. A case study verifies the applicability of the proposed model. The comparisons between measured and forecasted results show that the model is a competent model and its accuracy relies on real-time update of the APSO database.
文摘Field and greenhouse studies were conducted in Prince Edward Island (P. E.I.) on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), red clover (Trifolium praten.se L.), alfalfa (Medieagn saliva L.), and rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica. Mill). Plant B concentrations were compared to soil B extracted by hot-water, 0.05 M HCI, 1.5 M CH3COOH and 0.01 M CaCl2. The r values for extractable soil B vs. plant B were: hot water (0.67). 0.05 M HCl (0.82), 1.5 M CH3COOH (0.78) and hot 0.01 M CaCl2(0.61). Results of soil B from the 0.05 M HCl extracts were generally found to give the best correlation and linear regression among the four extractants tested for predicting the availability of B to the plants. Overall, the 0.05 M HCl proved to be superior to hot water extraction and is recommended for predicting the available B status of the acid soils of P. E. I. The probability of error with 0.05 M HCL is less since it is shaken for a fixed period of time as opposed to subjective error which could be caused in monitoring the boiling time using hot water.
