本文综述了直接氨燃料电池(DAFC)技术的最新进展,这是一种利用氨作为氢的替代能源的新型燃料电池技术。由于氨具有高能量密度、低成本、高安全性和易储运等优点,它被视为一种有前途的清洁能源载体。文章首先分析了全球能源需求的增长和...本文综述了直接氨燃料电池(DAFC)技术的最新进展,这是一种利用氨作为氢的替代能源的新型燃料电池技术。由于氨具有高能量密度、低成本、高安全性和易储运等优点,它被视为一种有前途的清洁能源载体。文章首先分析了全球能源需求的增长和环境污染问题的加剧,强调了开发可持续能源技术的重要性。随后,讨论了氢能源的优势和限制,并指出氨作为氢的替代品在解决燃料电池商业化瓶颈问题中的潜力。文中还介绍了电解水技术作为氢能源生产的关键环节,并探讨了直接氨燃料电池的工作原理及其环保和高效特性。最后,文章着重讨论了电催化反应机理、催化剂的设计策略,以及在提高电催化性能方面的挑战和机遇。This study reviews recent advances in direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC) technology, a novel fuel cell technology that utilizes ammonia as an alternative energy source to hydrogen. Ammonia is regarded as a promising carrier of clean energy due to its advantages of high energy density, low cost, high safety and easy storage and transportation. Firstly, the paper analyzes the growth of global energy demand and the aggravation of environmental pollution, and emphasizes the importance of developing sustainable energy technology. Subsequently, the advantages and limitations of hydrogen energy are discussed, and the potential of ammonia as an alternative to hydrogen is pointed out in solving the bottleneck of fuel cell commercialization. The paper also introduces the water electrolysis technology as the key link of hydrogen energy production, and discusses the working principle, environmental protection and high efficiency characteristics of direct ammonia fuel cells. Finally, the paper focuses on the mechanism of electrocatalytic reaction, the design strategy of catalysts, and the challenges and opportunities in improving the performance of electrocatalysis.展开更多
文摘在“双碳”目标和“氢能源”背景下,氨作为一种无碳氢载体,被认为是一种可替代氢用于燃料电池的理想燃料.氨燃料电池可实现将氨高效转化为电能,放电生成物只有氮气和水,不会排放对生物有害的物质和导致全球变暖的二氧化碳,是一种对环境负担较小的能量转化系统.然而,氨燃料电池中阳极催化活性不足,直接影响着氨燃料电池的性能.针对于此,设计了一类新型的金属有机框架材料,从理论上研究了其作为氨燃料电池阳极催化剂的可能性.结果表明:该类金属有机框架材料是一类结构稳定的单原子催化材料,其反应活性位点是中心的过渡金属原子,活性金属原子对反应活性有直接影响;以钒金属为活性中心的金属有机框架材料表现出较好的氨分解活性,其起始电位为0.20 V.
文摘本文综述了直接氨燃料电池(DAFC)技术的最新进展,这是一种利用氨作为氢的替代能源的新型燃料电池技术。由于氨具有高能量密度、低成本、高安全性和易储运等优点,它被视为一种有前途的清洁能源载体。文章首先分析了全球能源需求的增长和环境污染问题的加剧,强调了开发可持续能源技术的重要性。随后,讨论了氢能源的优势和限制,并指出氨作为氢的替代品在解决燃料电池商业化瓶颈问题中的潜力。文中还介绍了电解水技术作为氢能源生产的关键环节,并探讨了直接氨燃料电池的工作原理及其环保和高效特性。最后,文章着重讨论了电催化反应机理、催化剂的设计策略,以及在提高电催化性能方面的挑战和机遇。This study reviews recent advances in direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC) technology, a novel fuel cell technology that utilizes ammonia as an alternative energy source to hydrogen. Ammonia is regarded as a promising carrier of clean energy due to its advantages of high energy density, low cost, high safety and easy storage and transportation. Firstly, the paper analyzes the growth of global energy demand and the aggravation of environmental pollution, and emphasizes the importance of developing sustainable energy technology. Subsequently, the advantages and limitations of hydrogen energy are discussed, and the potential of ammonia as an alternative to hydrogen is pointed out in solving the bottleneck of fuel cell commercialization. The paper also introduces the water electrolysis technology as the key link of hydrogen energy production, and discusses the working principle, environmental protection and high efficiency characteristics of direct ammonia fuel cells. Finally, the paper focuses on the mechanism of electrocatalytic reaction, the design strategy of catalysts, and the challenges and opportunities in improving the performance of electrocatalysis.
