Aim To investigate the chemical constituents from the twigs and leaves of Pithecellobium clypearia Benth and their immunomodulatory effects. Methods The constituents were separated and purified by various chromatograp...Aim To investigate the chemical constituents from the twigs and leaves of Pithecellobium clypearia Benth and their immunomodulatory effects. Methods The constituents were separated and purified by various chromatographic methods and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis. The immufiomodulatory effects of all the compounds were examined by a Con A-induced T lymphocytes proliferation assay. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as （-）- epigallocatechin （1）, （-）-5, 7, 3′, 4′, 5′-pentahydroxyflavan （2）, （-）-epigallocatechin-7-gallate （3）, （-）-5, 3′, 4′, 5′-tetrahydroxyfiavan- 7-gallate （4）, quercitin-3-O-α-L-rhamnpyranoside （5）, myricitin-3-O-α-L-rhamnpyranoside （6）, gallic acid （7）, and ethyl gallate （8）, respectively. Conclusion Compounds 3 and 8 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and compound 1 was isolated from this species for the first time. Compound 3 exhibited a strong inhibition on the T lymphocytes proliferation induced by Con A with an IC50 of 4.4 μmol·L^-1.展开更多
An immunosuppressive animal model induced by physical stress that forced mice to swim in cold water(14±1℃)and the restorative effect of Tremella polysac charide(TP)on the suppressed immune function by stress wer...An immunosuppressive animal model induced by physical stress that forced mice to swim in cold water(14±1℃)and the restorative effect of Tremella polysac charide(TP)on the suppressed immune function by stress were studied in mice.It was found that the spleen plaque forming cell(PFC)response to sheep red blood cells,delayed cuta- neous hypersensitivity(DCH)induced by dinitrochlorobenzene and the lymphocyte prolifer- ation stimulated by concanavalin A(Con A)were significantly decreased in stressed mice. In addition.the maximal decrease of PFC was reached in 9-12 days after stress.A- drenolectomy could not affect the decrease of PFC in stressed mice.TP(200.400mg/kg) ig for 8-14 days significantly restored the PFC.DCH and lymphocyte proliferation to nor- mal level in stressed mice.展开更多
In recent years,the immune-modulatory role of all-trans astaxanthin from different pigment sources has been studied.It was reported that all-trans astaxanthin might exist as three stereoisomers,and the composition of ...In recent years,the immune-modulatory role of all-trans astaxanthin from different pigment sources has been studied.It was reported that all-trans astaxanthin might exist as three stereoisomers,and the composition of all-trans stereoisomers in natural materials differs from that of synthetic products.However,the different biological effects of various all-trans stereoisomers still remain unclear.In the present study,we evaluated the bioactivity of three astaxanthin stereoisomers,(3S,3'S)-trans-,(3R,3'R)-transand meso-trans-astaxanthin,in regulating cell-mediated immune response using mice lymphocytes and peritoneal exudates cells(PECs) systems.After the treatment with three astaxanthin stereoisomers(20 μmol L-1),the lymphocyte proliferation capacity,neutral red phagocytosis of PECs and natural killer(NK) cell cytotoxic activity were comparatively assessed.The results showed that all three astaxanthin stereoisomers significantly promoted lymphocyte proliferation,phagocytic capacity of PECs,and cytotoxic activity of NK cells.Moreover,the(3S,3'S)-trans-astaxanthin exhibited a much higher response than others.展开更多
Oyster peptides were produced from Crassostrea hongkongensis and used as a new protein source for the preparation of an oyster peptide-based enteral nutrition formula (OPENF). Reserpine-induced malabsorption mice and ...Oyster peptides were produced from Crassostrea hongkongensis and used as a new protein source for the preparation of an oyster peptide-based enteral nutrition formula (OPENF). Reserpine-induced malabsorption mice and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice were used in this study. OPENF powder is light yellow green and has a protein-fat-carbohydrate ratio of 16:9:75 with good solubility in water. A pilot study investigating immune functional impacts of the OPENF on mice show that the OPENF enhanced spleen lymphocyte proliferation and the activity of natural killer (NK) cells in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, OPENF can improve intestinal absorption, increase food utilization ratio, and maintain the normal physiological function of mice. These results suggest that oyster peptides could serve as a new protein source for use in enteral nutrition formula, but more importantly, also indicate that OPENF has an immunostimulating effect in mice.展开更多
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is a worldwide health problem, and numerous efforts have been invested to develop novel vaccines. An efficient vaccine requires broad immune response induction against viral p...Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is a worldwide health problem, and numerous efforts have been invested to develop novel vaccines. An efficient vaccine requires broad immune response induction against viral proteins. To achieve this goal, we constructed a DNA vaccine expressing nonstructural 3 (NS3) gene (pcDNA3.1-HCV-NS3) and assessed the immune response in C57BL/6 mice. In this study, the NS3 gene was amplified with a nested-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method using sera of HCV-infected patients with genotype 1a. The resulting NS3 gene was subcloned into a pcDNA3.1 eukaryotic expression vector, and gene expression was detected by western blot. The resultant DNA vaccine was co-administered with interleukin-12 (IL-12) as an adjuvant to female C57BL/6 mice. After the final immunizations, lymphocyte proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine levels were assessed to measure immune responses. Our data suggest that co-administration of HCV NS3 DNA vaccine with IL-12 induces production of significant levels of both IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ (p<0.05). Cytotoxicity and lymphocyte proliferation responses of vaccinated mice were significantly increased compared to control (p<0.05). Collectively, our results demonstrated that co-administration of HCV NS3 and IL-12 displayed strong immunogenicity in a murine model.展开更多
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were cultured with “moxibustion serum”(MS), and the results were examined by flow cytometry. The results indicated that MS could enhance the proliferation of TIL,accelerate it to...Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were cultured with “moxibustion serum”(MS), and the results were examined by flow cytometry. The results indicated that MS could enhance the proliferation of TIL,accelerate it to reach the exponential growth phase, and assist recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) to enhance successively the percentage of CD3^+ positive cells, maintain the number of CD4^+ positive T cells, promote greatly the percentage of CD8^+ positive T cells among TILs, and reverse the CD4^+/CD8^+ ratio. Such cooperative effects rely on relative specificity of acupoints. It is suggested that MS is beneficial to the growth of TIL both in the aspects of proliferation and phenotypes.展开更多
Lamprey is a representative of the agnathans, the most ancient class of vertebrates. Parasitic lampreys secrete anticoagulant from their buccal glands and prevent blood coagulation of host fishes. We identified a bucc...Lamprey is a representative of the agnathans, the most ancient class of vertebrates. Parasitic lampreys secrete anticoagulant from their buccal glands and prevent blood coagulation of host fishes. We identified a buccal gland secretory protein-2 （BGSP-2） from a buccal gland cDNA library of Larnpetrajaponica. The full-length BGSP-2 gene was cloned and the recombinant BGSP-2 protein was generated. The role of BGSP-2 on lymphocyte proliferation was studied by examining its effects on human T lymphocytes. We found that lamprey BGSP-2 was able to effectively block the proliferation of T cells in vitro by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, it inhibited the proliferation of hmnan T lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin （PHA） at a minimum concentration of 0.1μg/ml. Our data suggest that lamprey BGSP-2 is able to block the mitosis of human T lymphocytes at the G1/S point, and has the potential of anti-proliferative effect on PHA-activated T lymphocytes.展开更多
AIM:Lymphocytic gastritis is commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.The presence of glandular atrophy and foveolar hyperplasia in lymphocytic gastritis suggests abnormalities in cell proliferation and ...AIM:Lymphocytic gastritis is commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.The presence of glandular atrophy and foveolar hyperplasia in lymphocytic gastritis suggests abnormalities in cell proliferation and differentiation, forming a potential link with the suspected association with gastric cancer.Our aim was to compare epibhelial cell proliferation and morphology in H pylori associated lymphocytic gastritis and H pylori gastritis without features of lymphocytic gastritis, and to evaluate the effect of H pylori treatment. METHODS:We studied 14 lymphocytic gastritis patients with H pylori infection.For controls,we selected 14 matched dyspeptic patients participating in another treatment trial whose H pylori infection had successfully been eradicated. Both groups were treated with a triple therapy and followed up with biopsies for 6-18 months (patients) or 3 months (controls).Blinded evaluation for histopathological features was carried out.To determine the cell proliferation index, the sections were labeled with Ki-67 antibody. RESULTS:Before treatment,lymphocytic gastritis was characterized by foveolar hyperplasia (P=0.001) and glandular atrophy in the body (P=0.008),and increased proliferation in both the body (P=0.001) and antrum (P=0.002).Proliferation correlated with foveolar hyperplasia and inflammation activity.After eradication therapy,the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes decreased in the body (P=0.004) and antrum (P=0.065),remaining higher than in controls (P<0.001).Simultaneously,the proliferation index decreased in the body from 0.38 to 0.15 (P=0.043),and in the antrum from 0.34 to 0.20 (P=0.069),the antral index still being higher in lymphocytic gastritis than in controls (P=0.010). Foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy in the body improved (P=0.021),reaching the non-LG level.CONCLUSION: In lymphocytic gastritis, excessive epithelialcell proliferation is predominantly present in the body, where it associates with foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy. These characteristic changes of lymphocytic gastritis are largely related to H pylori infection, as shown by their improvement after eradication. However, some residualdeviation was still seen in lymphocytic gastritis, indicating either an abnormally slow improvement or the presence of some persistent abnormality.展开更多
IL-4 is an important B cell survival and growth factor. IL-4 induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS2 in resting B lymphocytes and in LPS- or CD40L-activated blasts. Phosphorylated IRS2 coprecipitated with the p85...IL-4 is an important B cell survival and growth factor. IL-4 induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS2 in resting B lymphocytes and in LPS- or CD40L-activated blasts. Phosphorylated IRS2 coprecipitated with the p85 subunit of PI 3’ kinase in both resting and activated cells. By contrast, association of phosphorylated IRS2 with GRB2 was not detected in resting B cells after IL-4 treatment although both proteins were expressed. However, IL-4 induced association of IRS2 with GRB2 in B cell blasts. The pattern of IL-4- induced recruitment of p85 and GRB2 to IRS2 observed in B cells derived from STAT6 null mice was identical to that observed for normal mice. While IL-4 alone does not induce activation of MEK, a MEKI inhibitor suppressed the IL-4-induced proliferative response of LPS-activated B cell blasts. These results demonstrate that costimulation of splenic B cells alters IL-4-induced signal transduction independent of STAT6 leading to proliferation. Furthermore, proliferation induced by IL-4 in LPS-activated blasts is dependent upon the MAP kinase pathway.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to observe the effect of the Prunella vulgaris L extract on the Jurkat human T lymphoma cell line.Methods:Jurkat cells were cultivated with different concentrations of the extract f...Objective:The aim of this study was to observe the effect of the Prunella vulgaris L extract on the Jurkat human T lymphoma cell line.Methods:Jurkat cells were cultivated with different concentrations of the extract from Prunella vulgaris L.The MTT assay and flow cytometry were employed to determine the cells' proliferation inhibition ratio and the apoptosis rates,respectively.Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to observe cellular DNA fragmentation,and western blotting was used to observe changes in Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression.Results:The Prunella vulgaris L extract remarkably inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells.This inhibition exhibited dose dependence,with an IC50 of 20.23 ± 0.31 μg/mL.Agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the apoptosis strap became wider and brighter,and flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate increased in a concentration-dependent manner.Western blotting showed that Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated and Bax protein was up-regulated during apoptosis.Conclusion:The extract from Prunella vulgaris L induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells by down-regulating Bcl-2 protein and up-regulating Bax protein.These actions inhibited the growth of Jurkat cells.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the effect of lymphocytes on proliferation of keratinocytes in patients with psoriasis. Methods: Lymphocytes in lesion and peripheral blood were isolated and amplified, then cultured together wit...Objective: To analyze the effect of lymphocytes on proliferation of keratinocytes in patients with psoriasis. Methods: Lymphocytes in lesion and peripheral blood were isolated and amplified, then cultured together with normal keratinocytes. By MTT method, the living cells were quantified in the mixed culture. Results: Compared with normal controls, lymphocytes from lesion and peripheral blood of psoriasis both promote the proliferation of keratinocytes (P<0. 01 and P<0. 05 respectively). The concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-7 in the mixture of lesion lymphocytes and keratinocytes were significantly higher than that of controls. Tripterygium glycosides inhibited this promotion. Conclusion: Lymphocytes in patients with psoriasis (mainly Th1 cell) play an important role in proliferation of keratinocytes. This psoriasis cell model is useful for studies on signal transduction in psoriasis.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effects of Axl deglycosylation on tumor lymphatic metastases in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. METHODS: Western blotting was used to analyze the expression profile of Axl glycoprote...AIM: To investigate the effects of Axl deglycosylation on tumor lymphatic metastases in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. METHODS: Western blotting was used to analyze the expression profile of Axl glycoprotein in mouse hepa-tocellular carcinoma cell line Hca-F treated with tunicamycin and PNGase F 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol(-zyl)-3,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, extracellular matrix (ECM) invasion assay (in vitro ) and tumor metastasis assay (in vivo ) were utilized to evaluate the effect of Axl deglycosylation on the Hca-F cell proliferation, invasion and lymphatic metastasis. RESULTS: Tunicamycin and PNGase F treatment markedly inhibited Axl glycoprotein synthesis and expression, proliferation, invasion, and lymphatic metastasis both in vitro and in vivo . In the MTT assay, proliferation was apparent in untreated Hca-F cells compared with treated Hca-F cells. In the ECM invasion assay (in vitro ), treated cells passed through the ECMatrix gel in significantly smaller numbers than untreated cells (tunicamycin 5 μg/mL: 68 ± 8 vs 80 ± 9, P=0.0222; 10 μg/mL: 50 ± 6vs 80 ± 9,P=0.0003; 20 μg/mL: 41 ± 4 vs 80 ± 9, P=0.0001); (PNGase F 8 h: 66 ± 7 vs 82 ± 8, P=0.0098; 16 h: 49 ± 4 vs 82 ± 8, P=0.0001; 24 h: 34 ± 3 vs 82 ± 8, P=0.0001). In the tumor metastasis assay (in vivo ), average lymph node weights of the untreated Hca-F group compared with treated Hca-F groups (tunicamycin 5 μg/mL: 0.84 ± 0.21 g vs 0.72 ± 0.19 g, P=0.3237; 10 μg/mL: 0.84 ± 0.21 g vs 0.54 ± 0.11 g, P=0.0113; 20 μg/mL: 0.84 ± 0.21 g vs 0.42 ± 0.06 g, P=0.0008); (PNGase F 8 h: 0.79 ± 0.15 g vs 0.63 ± 0.13 g, P=0.0766; 16 h: 0.79 ± 0.15 g vs 0.49 ± 0.10 g, P=0.0022; 24 h: 0.79 ± 0.15 g vs 0.39 ± 0.05 g, P=0.0001). Also, average lymph node volumes of the untreated Hca-F group compared with treated Hca-F groups (tunicamycin 5 μg/mL: 815 ± 61 mm 3 vs 680 ± 59 mm 3 , P=0.0613; 10 μg/mL: 815 ± 61 mm 3 vs 580 ± 29 mm 3 , P=0.0001; 20 μg/mL: 815 ± 61 mm 3 vs 395 ± 12 mm 3 , P=0.0001); (PNGase F 8 h: 670 ± 56 mm 3 vs 581 ± 48 mm 3 , P=0.0532; 16 h: 670 ± 56 mm 3 vs 412 ± 22 mm 3 , P=0.0001; 24 h: 670 ± 56 mm 3 vs 323 ± 11 mm 3 , P=0.0001). CONCLUSION: Alteration of Axl glycosylation can at-tenuate neoplastic lymphatic metastasis. Axl N-glycans may be a universal target for chemotherapy.展开更多
Objective： We studied the role of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes （CTLs） activated by dendritic cells （DCs） presenting cationic nanoparticles with the K-ras （12-Val） mutant peptide and whole tumor antigen in t...Objective： We studied the role of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes （CTLs） activated by dendritic cells （DCs） presenting cationic nanoparticles with the K-ras （12-Val） mutant peptide and whole tumor antigen in the killing of different pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro and in vitro. Methods： Peripheral blood DCs were induced by rhGM-CSF and IL-4 and cultured. DCs were sensitized by whole antigen of a pancreatic cancer cell line （PANC-1） with expression of K-ras mutant, K-ras mutant peptide （K-ras＋peptide） and cationic nanoparticles with K-ras mutant peptide （K-ras＋peptide-CNP）, respectively. Cell surface markers were measured by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte proliferation was detected by the 3H-TdR test, and ELISAwas performed to detect IFN-y secretion. 125I-UdR was used to measure the killing effect of CTLs. We also evaluated the antitumor activity of CTLs in vivo in a tumor-bearing nude mouse model prepared with the PANC-1 （K-ras＋） and SW1990 （K-ras-） cell lines. Results： Compared with K-ras＋peptide, low concentration K-ras＋pepUde-CNP can be effectively presented by DCs （P 〈 0.05）. CTLs induced by DCs pulsed with whole tumor antigen had significant greater killing effect （P 〈 0.05） on PANC-1 and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells compared with K-ras＋peptide and K-ras＋peptide-CNP-induced CTLs. CTLs induced by DCs pulsed with K-ras＋peptide and K-ras＋peptide-CNP had a specific killing effect （P 〈 0.05） for PANC-1 and no effect （P 〉 0.05） on SW1990 cell lines （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Cationic nanoparticles with K-ras （12-Val） mutant peptide can be effectively presented by DCs at a low concentration in a short time. CTLs induced by K-ras＋peptide-CNP had specific killing activity for the pancreatic cancer cell line with the K-ras （12-Val） mutant and could significantly inhibit tumor growth and increase the survival time of tumor-bearing nude mice.展开更多
Antioxidants such as vitamin C and NADH can protect against pesticide adverse effects on immune function. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro effects of vitamin C and NADH on the proliferative responses of ...Antioxidants such as vitamin C and NADH can protect against pesticide adverse effects on immune function. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro effects of vitamin C and NADH on the proliferative responses of human lymphocytes exposed to pesticides （Mancozeb fungicide and Metribuzin herbicide） and on Thl and Th2 cytokine secretion. Their possible protective role on intracellular stress oxidative induced by pesticides was also investigated. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated using differential centrifugation on a density gradient of Histopaque. They were cultured with mitogen concanavalin A （Con A）, Mancozeb and Metribuzin （50 μM） in the presence or the absence of vitamin C （50 μM） or NADH （50 μM）. Proliferation （MTT assay）, IL-2, INFγ and IL-4 （Elisa kits）, oxidative markers （intracellular superoxide anion, hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, GSH, catalase and SOD） were determined, The results showed that pesticides were immunosuppressive and decreased cytokine secretion with a shift away from to Thl phenotype. These immunomodulatory properties were accompanied by an increase in lymphocyte intracellular oxidative stress. The presence of vitamin C or NADH, in the medium, exhibited protective effects in human lymphocytes by inhibiting pesticide---induced lymphocyte proliferation suppression, inflammatory status and oxidative stress generation. In conclusion, vitamin C and NADH can result in a safe and effective method to reduce pesticide adverse effects and help to restore immune function.展开更多
This study aims to （1） obtain a pure extract of Sargassumfilipendula fucoxanthin, （2） determine the effect of concentration of fucoxanthin against HeLa cells, and （3） determine the effect of concentration of fuc...This study aims to （1） obtain a pure extract of Sargassumfilipendula fucoxanthin, （2） determine the effect of concentration of fucoxanthin against HeLa cells, and （3） determine the effect of concentration of fucoxanthin against cancer cell lymphocytes. The benefit of this research is to find out that fucoxanthin can be used as an anti-cancer treatment. The study was conducted in September 2013 at the Laboratory of Fishery Product Technology FPIK UB and UB Medical Biomedical Laboratories, Malang. Sampling brown seaweed （Sargassum filipendula） of the District Rural Padike Talango Sumenep Madura. Extracted isolated by column chromatography using silica gel stationary phase and mobile phase hexane：ethyl acetate （6：4, v/v） ± 100 mL, then identified by TLC using the stationary phase, a silica gel F-254 HPLC with ODS stationary phase （C-18） 5 mL with a mobile phase of methanol, acetone and ammonium acetate （IM） （80：10：10, v/v） and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min pigment solution of 20 mL compared with the standard of Japan. Research results indicate that, spectra maximum wavelength of 450 nm and 446 nm with a minimum of acetone solvent. HPLC has the same retention time = 10.12 standard, namely Sargassum filipendula = 10.11. By giving some of the best concentrations at 100 ppm is lethal HeLa cells ebesar 5236% which means that fucoxanthin effect against HeLa cells have the potential fucoxanthin that can induce cell apoptosis that occurs in HeLa cells, it is possible because of the anti-carcinogenic fucoxanthin mempuyai structure unique. While the cell lymphocytes in the dosage of 100 ppm were dead at 8.788%, the effect of the toxicity of a substance can be observed from how many dead lymphocytes when compared with the state charity by observing level of lymphocyte proliferation.展开更多
Objective： We investigated the relationship between lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis and cell proliferation in gastric cancer. Methods： We observed the central cancer tissues and the peritumoral tissues of 75 patient...Objective： We investigated the relationship between lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis and cell proliferation in gastric cancer. Methods： We observed the central cancer tissues and the peritumoral tissues of 75 patients with gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Using D2-40, VEGFR-C and VEGFR-3 detected the microlymphatic density （MLD）, CD34 and CD31 detected the microvessel density （MVD）. The proliferation of the cells was labeled by Ki-67. Results： There were a few atresic streak lymphatic vessels in the central cancer tissues, but in the peritumoral tissues lymphatic increased and dilated, it appears adenoid structure. LMVD in the gastric central area （33.7 ± 14.7） decreased significantly than in the peripheral zone （61.8 ± 22.6; P 〈 0.01）. The differences in the distribution and amount of microvessels were similar to lymphatic vessels. The central area of gastric cancer has a small amount of the distribution of focal Ki-67 positive tumor cells, while around the central area there were a large number of Ki-67 positive tumor cells, especially in one low power field （× 10）. Gastric central area of the Ki-67 positive cells in gastric central area （49.5%） were significant decreasing than in the cancer peripheral zone （73.2%; P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The mainly distribution of the neonatal lymphatic vessels, blood vessels and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in gastric cancer is anterior border of carcinoma tissues, especially in one low power field （x 10）. The MLD, MVD and Ki-67 positive carcinoma might be an important index for the prognosis of gastric carcinoma. The more lymphatic microvessel, microvessel and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in the peritumoral tissues, the poorer prognosis, vice versa.展开更多
The immunomodulation of several charged synthetic polymers containing phosphorus in the backbone was studied in vitro through examining their inhibition or promotion effect on the proliferation of both T and B lymphoc...The immunomodulation of several charged synthetic polymers containing phosphorus in the backbone was studied in vitro through examining their inhibition or promotion effect on the proliferation of both T and B lymphocytes. It is found that polymers based on long chain alkyl ester of tyrosine exhibit immunomodulative activity. Negatively charged polymers show stimulative activiactivity on LPS-induced B lymphocytes proliferation. Positively charged polymers exhibit inhibitory activity on both Con A-induced T lymphocytes and LPS-induced B lymphocytes proliferation.展开更多
Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female ...Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups, with 10 in each. VX2 tumor mass suspensions were injected into the breast tissues of rabbits. Treatment initiated once the axillary lymph node reached 5 mm in the maximum diameter. Group 1 received a sham treatment. Group 2 received a subcutaneous injection of LADR adjacent to tumor. Group 3 received an intravenous injection of free ADR (FADR) at the same dose and concentration to group 2. The breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes were resected after the treatment was repeated 3 times. The tumor and node sizes before and after treatment were measured. PCNA mRNA expressions in breast tumors and axillary nodes were determined using RT-PCR. Results: The mean growth ratios of lymph nodes after treatment were 3. 70, 1. 55, and 2. 89,respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. The slowest node growth was observed in animals of group 2, with significant differences from group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 002). The relative values of PCNA mRNA expression in lymph nodes were 0. 541, 0. 329,and 0. 450, respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. Group 2 exhibited a significantly reduced PCNA mRNA expression in metastatic lymph node, as compared to group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 004). Intravenous FADR injection effectively lowered the mRNA expressions of PCNA in breast tumors, which were not apparently altered after local LADR injection. Conclusion: Local injection of LADR holds a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes and appears to be an effective method for the treatment of lymphatic metastases of breast cancer.展开更多
文摘Aim To investigate the chemical constituents from the twigs and leaves of Pithecellobium clypearia Benth and their immunomodulatory effects. Methods The constituents were separated and purified by various chromatographic methods and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis. The immufiomodulatory effects of all the compounds were examined by a Con A-induced T lymphocytes proliferation assay. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as （-）- epigallocatechin （1）, （-）-5, 7, 3′, 4′, 5′-pentahydroxyflavan （2）, （-）-epigallocatechin-7-gallate （3）, （-）-5, 3′, 4′, 5′-tetrahydroxyfiavan- 7-gallate （4）, quercitin-3-O-α-L-rhamnpyranoside （5）, myricitin-3-O-α-L-rhamnpyranoside （6）, gallic acid （7）, and ethyl gallate （8）, respectively. Conclusion Compounds 3 and 8 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and compound 1 was isolated from this species for the first time. Compound 3 exhibited a strong inhibition on the T lymphocytes proliferation induced by Con A with an IC50 of 4.4 μmol·L^-1.
文摘An immunosuppressive animal model induced by physical stress that forced mice to swim in cold water(14±1℃)and the restorative effect of Tremella polysac charide(TP)on the suppressed immune function by stress were studied in mice.It was found that the spleen plaque forming cell(PFC)response to sheep red blood cells,delayed cuta- neous hypersensitivity(DCH)induced by dinitrochlorobenzene and the lymphocyte prolifer- ation stimulated by concanavalin A(Con A)were significantly decreased in stressed mice. In addition.the maximal decrease of PFC was reached in 9-12 days after stress.A- drenolectomy could not affect the decrease of PFC in stressed mice.TP(200.400mg/kg) ig for 8-14 days significantly restored the PFC.DCH and lymphocyte proliferation to nor- mal level in stressed mice.
基金supported by Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT1188)
文摘In recent years,the immune-modulatory role of all-trans astaxanthin from different pigment sources has been studied.It was reported that all-trans astaxanthin might exist as three stereoisomers,and the composition of all-trans stereoisomers in natural materials differs from that of synthetic products.However,the different biological effects of various all-trans stereoisomers still remain unclear.In the present study,we evaluated the bioactivity of three astaxanthin stereoisomers,(3S,3'S)-trans-,(3R,3'R)-transand meso-trans-astaxanthin,in regulating cell-mediated immune response using mice lymphocytes and peritoneal exudates cells(PECs) systems.After the treatment with three astaxanthin stereoisomers(20 μmol L-1),the lymphocyte proliferation capacity,neutral red phagocytosis of PECs and natural killer(NK) cell cytotoxic activity were comparatively assessed.The results showed that all three astaxanthin stereoisomers significantly promoted lymphocyte proliferation,phagocytic capacity of PECs,and cytotoxic activity of NK cells.Moreover,the(3S,3'S)-trans-astaxanthin exhibited a much higher response than others.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academyof Sciences (No.KZCX2-EW-Q214)the Comprehensive Strategic Cooperation Programs between Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos.2011A090100008,2009B091300018,2010B090300027)the Marine Fisheries Technology Promotion Special Program of Guangdong Province (No.A2009009-035(a))
文摘Oyster peptides were produced from Crassostrea hongkongensis and used as a new protein source for the preparation of an oyster peptide-based enteral nutrition formula (OPENF). Reserpine-induced malabsorption mice and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice were used in this study. OPENF powder is light yellow green and has a protein-fat-carbohydrate ratio of 16:9:75 with good solubility in water. A pilot study investigating immune functional impacts of the OPENF on mice show that the OPENF enhanced spleen lymphocyte proliferation and the activity of natural killer (NK) cells in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, OPENF can improve intestinal absorption, increase food utilization ratio, and maintain the normal physiological function of mice. These results suggest that oyster peptides could serve as a new protein source for use in enteral nutrition formula, but more importantly, also indicate that OPENF has an immunostimulating effect in mice.
文摘Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is a worldwide health problem, and numerous efforts have been invested to develop novel vaccines. An efficient vaccine requires broad immune response induction against viral proteins. To achieve this goal, we constructed a DNA vaccine expressing nonstructural 3 (NS3) gene (pcDNA3.1-HCV-NS3) and assessed the immune response in C57BL/6 mice. In this study, the NS3 gene was amplified with a nested-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method using sera of HCV-infected patients with genotype 1a. The resulting NS3 gene was subcloned into a pcDNA3.1 eukaryotic expression vector, and gene expression was detected by western blot. The resultant DNA vaccine was co-administered with interleukin-12 (IL-12) as an adjuvant to female C57BL/6 mice. After the final immunizations, lymphocyte proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine levels were assessed to measure immune responses. Our data suggest that co-administration of HCV NS3 DNA vaccine with IL-12 induces production of significant levels of both IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ (p<0.05). Cytotoxicity and lymphocyte proliferation responses of vaccinated mice were significantly increased compared to control (p<0.05). Collectively, our results demonstrated that co-administration of HCV NS3 and IL-12 displayed strong immunogenicity in a murine model.
文摘Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were cultured with “moxibustion serum”(MS), and the results were examined by flow cytometry. The results indicated that MS could enhance the proliferation of TIL,accelerate it to reach the exponential growth phase, and assist recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) to enhance successively the percentage of CD3^+ positive cells, maintain the number of CD4^+ positive T cells, promote greatly the percentage of CD8^+ positive T cells among TILs, and reverse the CD4^+/CD8^+ ratio. Such cooperative effects rely on relative specificity of acupoints. It is suggested that MS is beneficial to the growth of TIL both in the aspects of proliferation and phenotypes.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2007AA09Z428)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30671083)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2007CB815802)the Program for Innovative Research Team in University of Liaoning Province (No. 2007T089 and 2008T103)
文摘Lamprey is a representative of the agnathans, the most ancient class of vertebrates. Parasitic lampreys secrete anticoagulant from their buccal glands and prevent blood coagulation of host fishes. We identified a buccal gland secretory protein-2 （BGSP-2） from a buccal gland cDNA library of Larnpetrajaponica. The full-length BGSP-2 gene was cloned and the recombinant BGSP-2 protein was generated. The role of BGSP-2 on lymphocyte proliferation was studied by examining its effects on human T lymphocytes. We found that lamprey BGSP-2 was able to effectively block the proliferation of T cells in vitro by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, it inhibited the proliferation of hmnan T lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin （PHA） at a minimum concentration of 0.1μg/ml. Our data suggest that lamprey BGSP-2 is able to block the mitosis of human T lymphocytes at the G1/S point, and has the potential of anti-proliferative effect on PHA-activated T lymphocytes.
文摘AIM:Lymphocytic gastritis is commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.The presence of glandular atrophy and foveolar hyperplasia in lymphocytic gastritis suggests abnormalities in cell proliferation and differentiation, forming a potential link with the suspected association with gastric cancer.Our aim was to compare epibhelial cell proliferation and morphology in H pylori associated lymphocytic gastritis and H pylori gastritis without features of lymphocytic gastritis, and to evaluate the effect of H pylori treatment. METHODS:We studied 14 lymphocytic gastritis patients with H pylori infection.For controls,we selected 14 matched dyspeptic patients participating in another treatment trial whose H pylori infection had successfully been eradicated. Both groups were treated with a triple therapy and followed up with biopsies for 6-18 months (patients) or 3 months (controls).Blinded evaluation for histopathological features was carried out.To determine the cell proliferation index, the sections were labeled with Ki-67 antibody. RESULTS:Before treatment,lymphocytic gastritis was characterized by foveolar hyperplasia (P=0.001) and glandular atrophy in the body (P=0.008),and increased proliferation in both the body (P=0.001) and antrum (P=0.002).Proliferation correlated with foveolar hyperplasia and inflammation activity.After eradication therapy,the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes decreased in the body (P=0.004) and antrum (P=0.065),remaining higher than in controls (P<0.001).Simultaneously,the proliferation index decreased in the body from 0.38 to 0.15 (P=0.043),and in the antrum from 0.34 to 0.20 (P=0.069),the antral index still being higher in lymphocytic gastritis than in controls (P=0.010). Foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy in the body improved (P=0.021),reaching the non-LG level.CONCLUSION: In lymphocytic gastritis, excessive epithelialcell proliferation is predominantly present in the body, where it associates with foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy. These characteristic changes of lymphocytic gastritis are largely related to H pylori infection, as shown by their improvement after eradication. However, some residualdeviation was still seen in lymphocytic gastritis, indicating either an abnormally slow improvement or the presence of some persistent abnormality.
文摘IL-4 is an important B cell survival and growth factor. IL-4 induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS2 in resting B lymphocytes and in LPS- or CD40L-activated blasts. Phosphorylated IRS2 coprecipitated with the p85 subunit of PI 3’ kinase in both resting and activated cells. By contrast, association of phosphorylated IRS2 with GRB2 was not detected in resting B cells after IL-4 treatment although both proteins were expressed. However, IL-4 induced association of IRS2 with GRB2 in B cell blasts. The pattern of IL-4- induced recruitment of p85 and GRB2 to IRS2 observed in B cells derived from STAT6 null mice was identical to that observed for normal mice. While IL-4 alone does not induce activation of MEK, a MEKI inhibitor suppressed the IL-4-induced proliferative response of LPS-activated B cell blasts. These results demonstrate that costimulation of splenic B cells alters IL-4-induced signal transduction independent of STAT6 leading to proliferation. Furthermore, proliferation induced by IL-4 in LPS-activated blasts is dependent upon the MAP kinase pathway.
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to observe the effect of the Prunella vulgaris L extract on the Jurkat human T lymphoma cell line.Methods:Jurkat cells were cultivated with different concentrations of the extract from Prunella vulgaris L.The MTT assay and flow cytometry were employed to determine the cells' proliferation inhibition ratio and the apoptosis rates,respectively.Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to observe cellular DNA fragmentation,and western blotting was used to observe changes in Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression.Results:The Prunella vulgaris L extract remarkably inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells.This inhibition exhibited dose dependence,with an IC50 of 20.23 ± 0.31 μg/mL.Agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the apoptosis strap became wider and brighter,and flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate increased in a concentration-dependent manner.Western blotting showed that Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated and Bax protein was up-regulated during apoptosis.Conclusion:The extract from Prunella vulgaris L induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells by down-regulating Bcl-2 protein and up-regulating Bax protein.These actions inhibited the growth of Jurkat cells.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39970684)
文摘Objective: To analyze the effect of lymphocytes on proliferation of keratinocytes in patients with psoriasis. Methods: Lymphocytes in lesion and peripheral blood were isolated and amplified, then cultured together with normal keratinocytes. By MTT method, the living cells were quantified in the mixed culture. Results: Compared with normal controls, lymphocytes from lesion and peripheral blood of psoriasis both promote the proliferation of keratinocytes (P<0. 01 and P<0. 05 respectively). The concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-7 in the mixture of lesion lymphocytes and keratinocytes were significantly higher than that of controls. Tripterygium glycosides inhibited this promotion. Conclusion: Lymphocytes in patients with psoriasis (mainly Th1 cell) play an important role in proliferation of keratinocytes. This psoriasis cell model is useful for studies on signal transduction in psoriasis.
基金Supported by Creating Team Item of Liaoning Province, No.2008T033the Technological Natural Fund Item of Liaoning Province, China, No. 20092164
文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of Axl deglycosylation on tumor lymphatic metastases in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. METHODS: Western blotting was used to analyze the expression profile of Axl glycoprotein in mouse hepa-tocellular carcinoma cell line Hca-F treated with tunicamycin and PNGase F 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol(-zyl)-3,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, extracellular matrix (ECM) invasion assay (in vitro ) and tumor metastasis assay (in vivo ) were utilized to evaluate the effect of Axl deglycosylation on the Hca-F cell proliferation, invasion and lymphatic metastasis. RESULTS: Tunicamycin and PNGase F treatment markedly inhibited Axl glycoprotein synthesis and expression, proliferation, invasion, and lymphatic metastasis both in vitro and in vivo . In the MTT assay, proliferation was apparent in untreated Hca-F cells compared with treated Hca-F cells. In the ECM invasion assay (in vitro ), treated cells passed through the ECMatrix gel in significantly smaller numbers than untreated cells (tunicamycin 5 μg/mL: 68 ± 8 vs 80 ± 9, P=0.0222; 10 μg/mL: 50 ± 6vs 80 ± 9,P=0.0003; 20 μg/mL: 41 ± 4 vs 80 ± 9, P=0.0001); (PNGase F 8 h: 66 ± 7 vs 82 ± 8, P=0.0098; 16 h: 49 ± 4 vs 82 ± 8, P=0.0001; 24 h: 34 ± 3 vs 82 ± 8, P=0.0001). In the tumor metastasis assay (in vivo ), average lymph node weights of the untreated Hca-F group compared with treated Hca-F groups (tunicamycin 5 μg/mL: 0.84 ± 0.21 g vs 0.72 ± 0.19 g, P=0.3237; 10 μg/mL: 0.84 ± 0.21 g vs 0.54 ± 0.11 g, P=0.0113; 20 μg/mL: 0.84 ± 0.21 g vs 0.42 ± 0.06 g, P=0.0008); (PNGase F 8 h: 0.79 ± 0.15 g vs 0.63 ± 0.13 g, P=0.0766; 16 h: 0.79 ± 0.15 g vs 0.49 ± 0.10 g, P=0.0022; 24 h: 0.79 ± 0.15 g vs 0.39 ± 0.05 g, P=0.0001). Also, average lymph node volumes of the untreated Hca-F group compared with treated Hca-F groups (tunicamycin 5 μg/mL: 815 ± 61 mm 3 vs 680 ± 59 mm 3 , P=0.0613; 10 μg/mL: 815 ± 61 mm 3 vs 580 ± 29 mm 3 , P=0.0001; 20 μg/mL: 815 ± 61 mm 3 vs 395 ± 12 mm 3 , P=0.0001); (PNGase F 8 h: 670 ± 56 mm 3 vs 581 ± 48 mm 3 , P=0.0532; 16 h: 670 ± 56 mm 3 vs 412 ± 22 mm 3 , P=0.0001; 24 h: 670 ± 56 mm 3 vs 323 ± 11 mm 3 , P=0.0001). CONCLUSION: Alteration of Axl glycosylation can at-tenuate neoplastic lymphatic metastasis. Axl N-glycans may be a universal target for chemotherapy.
基金Supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No. 3067062430870719)
文摘Objective： We studied the role of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes （CTLs） activated by dendritic cells （DCs） presenting cationic nanoparticles with the K-ras （12-Val） mutant peptide and whole tumor antigen in the killing of different pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro and in vitro. Methods： Peripheral blood DCs were induced by rhGM-CSF and IL-4 and cultured. DCs were sensitized by whole antigen of a pancreatic cancer cell line （PANC-1） with expression of K-ras mutant, K-ras mutant peptide （K-ras＋peptide） and cationic nanoparticles with K-ras mutant peptide （K-ras＋peptide-CNP）, respectively. Cell surface markers were measured by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte proliferation was detected by the 3H-TdR test, and ELISAwas performed to detect IFN-y secretion. 125I-UdR was used to measure the killing effect of CTLs. We also evaluated the antitumor activity of CTLs in vivo in a tumor-bearing nude mouse model prepared with the PANC-1 （K-ras＋） and SW1990 （K-ras-） cell lines. Results： Compared with K-ras＋peptide, low concentration K-ras＋pepUde-CNP can be effectively presented by DCs （P 〈 0.05）. CTLs induced by DCs pulsed with whole tumor antigen had significant greater killing effect （P 〈 0.05） on PANC-1 and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells compared with K-ras＋peptide and K-ras＋peptide-CNP-induced CTLs. CTLs induced by DCs pulsed with K-ras＋peptide and K-ras＋peptide-CNP had a specific killing effect （P 〈 0.05） for PANC-1 and no effect （P 〉 0.05） on SW1990 cell lines （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Cationic nanoparticles with K-ras （12-Val） mutant peptide can be effectively presented by DCs at a low concentration in a short time. CTLs induced by K-ras＋peptide-CNP had specific killing activity for the pancreatic cancer cell line with the K-ras （12-Val） mutant and could significantly inhibit tumor growth and increase the survival time of tumor-bearing nude mice.
文摘Antioxidants such as vitamin C and NADH can protect against pesticide adverse effects on immune function. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro effects of vitamin C and NADH on the proliferative responses of human lymphocytes exposed to pesticides （Mancozeb fungicide and Metribuzin herbicide） and on Thl and Th2 cytokine secretion. Their possible protective role on intracellular stress oxidative induced by pesticides was also investigated. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated using differential centrifugation on a density gradient of Histopaque. They were cultured with mitogen concanavalin A （Con A）, Mancozeb and Metribuzin （50 μM） in the presence or the absence of vitamin C （50 μM） or NADH （50 μM）. Proliferation （MTT assay）, IL-2, INFγ and IL-4 （Elisa kits）, oxidative markers （intracellular superoxide anion, hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, GSH, catalase and SOD） were determined, The results showed that pesticides were immunosuppressive and decreased cytokine secretion with a shift away from to Thl phenotype. These immunomodulatory properties were accompanied by an increase in lymphocyte intracellular oxidative stress. The presence of vitamin C or NADH, in the medium, exhibited protective effects in human lymphocytes by inhibiting pesticide---induced lymphocyte proliferation suppression, inflammatory status and oxidative stress generation. In conclusion, vitamin C and NADH can result in a safe and effective method to reduce pesticide adverse effects and help to restore immune function.
文摘This study aims to （1） obtain a pure extract of Sargassumfilipendula fucoxanthin, （2） determine the effect of concentration of fucoxanthin against HeLa cells, and （3） determine the effect of concentration of fucoxanthin against cancer cell lymphocytes. The benefit of this research is to find out that fucoxanthin can be used as an anti-cancer treatment. The study was conducted in September 2013 at the Laboratory of Fishery Product Technology FPIK UB and UB Medical Biomedical Laboratories, Malang. Sampling brown seaweed （Sargassum filipendula） of the District Rural Padike Talango Sumenep Madura. Extracted isolated by column chromatography using silica gel stationary phase and mobile phase hexane：ethyl acetate （6：4, v/v） ± 100 mL, then identified by TLC using the stationary phase, a silica gel F-254 HPLC with ODS stationary phase （C-18） 5 mL with a mobile phase of methanol, acetone and ammonium acetate （IM） （80：10：10, v/v） and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min pigment solution of 20 mL compared with the standard of Japan. Research results indicate that, spectra maximum wavelength of 450 nm and 446 nm with a minimum of acetone solvent. HPLC has the same retention time = 10.12 standard, namely Sargassum filipendula = 10.11. By giving some of the best concentrations at 100 ppm is lethal HeLa cells ebesar 5236% which means that fucoxanthin effect against HeLa cells have the potential fucoxanthin that can induce cell apoptosis that occurs in HeLa cells, it is possible because of the anti-carcinogenic fucoxanthin mempuyai structure unique. While the cell lymphocytes in the dosage of 100 ppm were dead at 8.788%, the effect of the toxicity of a substance can be observed from how many dead lymphocytes when compared with the state charity by observing level of lymphocyte proliferation.
文摘Objective： We investigated the relationship between lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis and cell proliferation in gastric cancer. Methods： We observed the central cancer tissues and the peritumoral tissues of 75 patients with gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Using D2-40, VEGFR-C and VEGFR-3 detected the microlymphatic density （MLD）, CD34 and CD31 detected the microvessel density （MVD）. The proliferation of the cells was labeled by Ki-67. Results： There were a few atresic streak lymphatic vessels in the central cancer tissues, but in the peritumoral tissues lymphatic increased and dilated, it appears adenoid structure. LMVD in the gastric central area （33.7 ± 14.7） decreased significantly than in the peripheral zone （61.8 ± 22.6; P 〈 0.01）. The differences in the distribution and amount of microvessels were similar to lymphatic vessels. The central area of gastric cancer has a small amount of the distribution of focal Ki-67 positive tumor cells, while around the central area there were a large number of Ki-67 positive tumor cells, especially in one low power field （× 10）. Gastric central area of the Ki-67 positive cells in gastric central area （49.5%） were significant decreasing than in the cancer peripheral zone （73.2%; P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The mainly distribution of the neonatal lymphatic vessels, blood vessels and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in gastric cancer is anterior border of carcinoma tissues, especially in one low power field （x 10）. The MLD, MVD and Ki-67 positive carcinoma might be an important index for the prognosis of gastric carcinoma. The more lymphatic microvessel, microvessel and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in the peritumoral tissues, the poorer prognosis, vice versa.
文摘The immunomodulation of several charged synthetic polymers containing phosphorus in the backbone was studied in vitro through examining their inhibition or promotion effect on the proliferation of both T and B lymphocytes. It is found that polymers based on long chain alkyl ester of tyrosine exhibit immunomodulative activity. Negatively charged polymers show stimulative activiactivity on LPS-induced B lymphocytes proliferation. Positively charged polymers exhibit inhibitory activity on both Con A-induced T lymphocytes and LPS-induced B lymphocytes proliferation.
基金Supported by the grants provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30600597)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [No. 2005K09-G10(4)Science Technology Development Foundation of Xi'an (No. GG06167)
文摘Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups, with 10 in each. VX2 tumor mass suspensions were injected into the breast tissues of rabbits. Treatment initiated once the axillary lymph node reached 5 mm in the maximum diameter. Group 1 received a sham treatment. Group 2 received a subcutaneous injection of LADR adjacent to tumor. Group 3 received an intravenous injection of free ADR (FADR) at the same dose and concentration to group 2. The breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes were resected after the treatment was repeated 3 times. The tumor and node sizes before and after treatment were measured. PCNA mRNA expressions in breast tumors and axillary nodes were determined using RT-PCR. Results: The mean growth ratios of lymph nodes after treatment were 3. 70, 1. 55, and 2. 89,respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. The slowest node growth was observed in animals of group 2, with significant differences from group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 002). The relative values of PCNA mRNA expression in lymph nodes were 0. 541, 0. 329,and 0. 450, respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. Group 2 exhibited a significantly reduced PCNA mRNA expression in metastatic lymph node, as compared to group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 004). Intravenous FADR injection effectively lowered the mRNA expressions of PCNA in breast tumors, which were not apparently altered after local LADR injection. Conclusion: Local injection of LADR holds a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes and appears to be an effective method for the treatment of lymphatic metastases of breast cancer.
