微藻是一种新型的可再生生物质资源,采用快速热解技术,可得到高品质的先进液体燃料和高附加值化学品。该文采用热重-红外联用仪、快速热解-气质联用仪和分布式活化能动力学模型(distribution activation energy model,DAEM)对莱茵衣藻(C...微藻是一种新型的可再生生物质资源,采用快速热解技术,可得到高品质的先进液体燃料和高附加值化学品。该文采用热重-红外联用仪、快速热解-气质联用仪和分布式活化能动力学模型(distribution activation energy model,DAEM)对莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,CDR)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris,CRV)和铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa,MCA)的热解行为开展了研究,系统地对比了3种微藻在化学组成、热解失重规律、动力学、热解产物等方面的差异,并对微藻的热解机理进行了探讨。结果表明:1)3种微藻的热解过程可分为3个阶段,分别为干燥段、快速热解段和炭化阶段,其中铜绿微囊藻失重率最大,达到17.34%/min,且随着升温速率的增加,TG/DTG(thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry)曲线往高温一侧移动;2)红外光谱分析结果表明微藻热解主要产物为CH4、CO2、含C=O键的脂肪酸、含N-H键和C-N键的酰胺类化合物,其中莱茵衣藻热解产生的CH4质量分数最高,铜绿微囊藻热解产生的含C=O键化合物质量分数最高;3)铜绿微囊藻的活化能数值最高,随着转化率增加,活化能从100增加到680 k J/mol;4)Py-GC/MS分析表明小球藻热解产生的含氧化合物质量分数最高,达到30.89%,铜绿微囊藻热解产生的酚类化合物、芳香族碳氢化合物、胺和酰胺类和其他含氮化合物的质量分数最高,分别达到10.41%,13.46%,13.87%和14.27%。本文可为微藻的能源化利用提供科学和基础数据。展开更多
Microbial, vegetal or animal organic matter, which has potential to be transformed into energy, is considered biomass. Among the various alternative energy sources, biomass is the only one with the possibility of gene...Microbial, vegetal or animal organic matter, which has potential to be transformed into energy, is considered biomass. Among the various alternative energy sources, biomass is the only one with the possibility of generating a class of substances of interest for fine chemistry （ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, etc.）. From biomass, it is possible to produce bio-oil using pyrolysis, a thermodegradation process. The quality of the bio-oil depends on the process conditions （pyrolysis temperature, heating temperature, etc.） and biomass used. In this paper, the pyrolysis （using a fixed bed reactor） of three biomasses （coconut fiber, coffee grounds and sugar cane straw） is studied. The results indicated that the bio-oil yields for all biomass were similar, approximately 37%. The chemical profile obtained by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry （GC/qMS） showed high amounts of fatty acids in the coffee grounds bio-oil and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in coconut fiber bio-oil, whereas guaiacols were the predominant components of the sugar cane straw bio-oil.展开更多
文摘微藻是一种新型的可再生生物质资源,采用快速热解技术,可得到高品质的先进液体燃料和高附加值化学品。该文采用热重-红外联用仪、快速热解-气质联用仪和分布式活化能动力学模型(distribution activation energy model,DAEM)对莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,CDR)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris,CRV)和铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa,MCA)的热解行为开展了研究,系统地对比了3种微藻在化学组成、热解失重规律、动力学、热解产物等方面的差异,并对微藻的热解机理进行了探讨。结果表明:1)3种微藻的热解过程可分为3个阶段,分别为干燥段、快速热解段和炭化阶段,其中铜绿微囊藻失重率最大,达到17.34%/min,且随着升温速率的增加,TG/DTG(thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry)曲线往高温一侧移动;2)红外光谱分析结果表明微藻热解主要产物为CH4、CO2、含C=O键的脂肪酸、含N-H键和C-N键的酰胺类化合物,其中莱茵衣藻热解产生的CH4质量分数最高,铜绿微囊藻热解产生的含C=O键化合物质量分数最高;3)铜绿微囊藻的活化能数值最高,随着转化率增加,活化能从100增加到680 k J/mol;4)Py-GC/MS分析表明小球藻热解产生的含氧化合物质量分数最高,达到30.89%,铜绿微囊藻热解产生的酚类化合物、芳香族碳氢化合物、胺和酰胺类和其他含氮化合物的质量分数最高,分别达到10.41%,13.46%,13.87%和14.27%。本文可为微藻的能源化利用提供科学和基础数据。
文摘Microbial, vegetal or animal organic matter, which has potential to be transformed into energy, is considered biomass. Among the various alternative energy sources, biomass is the only one with the possibility of generating a class of substances of interest for fine chemistry （ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, etc.）. From biomass, it is possible to produce bio-oil using pyrolysis, a thermodegradation process. The quality of the bio-oil depends on the process conditions （pyrolysis temperature, heating temperature, etc.） and biomass used. In this paper, the pyrolysis （using a fixed bed reactor） of three biomasses （coconut fiber, coffee grounds and sugar cane straw） is studied. The results indicated that the bio-oil yields for all biomass were similar, approximately 37%. The chemical profile obtained by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry （GC/qMS） showed high amounts of fatty acids in the coffee grounds bio-oil and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in coconut fiber bio-oil, whereas guaiacols were the predominant components of the sugar cane straw bio-oil.
