铅(Pb)金属的积累会对周围环境造成严重威胁,并对肝脏和肾脏造成损害。在过去的几年里,微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(microbial-induced carbonate precipitation,简称MICP)技术由于其较好的可操作性已被广泛应用于污染场地复原再利用。然而,...铅(Pb)金属的积累会对周围环境造成严重威胁,并对肝脏和肾脏造成损害。在过去的几年里,微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(microbial-induced carbonate precipitation,简称MICP)技术由于其较好的可操作性已被广泛应用于污染场地复原再利用。然而,极端环境(比如强酸条件)会导致碳酸盐沉淀的降解,增加Pb^(2+)迁移扩散和二次环境污染风险。将基于微胶囊技术的自愈碳酸盐沉淀材料应用于含铅废水修复,其研究结果表明,在孢子萌发阶段微胶囊不仅防止了孢子受到恶劣pH条件的威胁,而且为孢子的生长和繁殖提供了肌苷和酵母提取物等营养来源,还为它们的附着提供了额外的位点,进而实现了细菌孢子与Pb^(2+)的成核,最终达到90%以上的修复效率。从扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,简称SEM)、扫描电子显微镜与能谱仪(scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,简称SEM-EDS)和X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,简称XRD)等细观测试中识别了白铅矿和方解石矿物,而在傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectrum,简称FTIR)测试中证实胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substance,简称EPS)的存在,这些细观测试结果证实了细菌孢子和矿化产物共同参与了Pb^(2+)的修复。展开更多
Three-dimensional(3 D)printing has had a large impact on various fields,with fused deposition modeling(FDM)being the most versatile and cost-effective 3 D printing technology.However,FDM often requires sacrificial sup...Three-dimensional(3 D)printing has had a large impact on various fields,with fused deposition modeling(FDM)being the most versatile and cost-effective 3 D printing technology.However,FDM often requires sacrificial support structures,which significantly complicates the processing and increases the cost.Furthermore,poor layer-to-layer adhesion greatly affects the mechanical stability of 3D-printed objects.Here,we present a new Print-Healing strategy to address the aforementioned challenges.A polymer ink(Cu-DOU-CPU)with synergetic triple dynamic bonds was developed to have excellent printability and room-temperature self-healing ability.Objects with various shapes were printed using a simple compact 3D printer,and readily assembled into large sophisticated architectures via self-healing.Triple dynamic bonds induce strong binding between layers.Additionally,damaged printed objects can spontaneously heal,which significantly elongates their service life.This work paves a simple and powerful way to solve the key bottlenecks in FDM 3D printing,and will have diverse applications.展开更多
Self-healing polymers represent a class of materials with built-in capability of rehabilitating damages. The topic has attracted increasingly more attention in the past few years. The on-going research activities clea...Self-healing polymers represent a class of materials with built-in capability of rehabilitating damages. The topic has attracted increasingly more attention in the past few years. The on-going research activities clearly indicate that self-healing polymeric materials turn out to be a typical multi-disciplinary area concerning polymer chemistry, organic synthesis, polymer physics, theoretical and experimental mechanics, processing, composites manufacturing, interfacial engineering, etc. The present article briefly reviews the achievements of the groups worldwide, and particularly the work carried out in our own laboratory towards strength recovery for structural applications. To ensure sufficient coverage, thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers, extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing, autonomic and non-autonomic healing approaches are included. Innovative routes that correlate materials chemistry to full capacity restoration are discussed for further development from bioinspired toward biomimetic repair.展开更多
文摘铅(Pb)金属的积累会对周围环境造成严重威胁,并对肝脏和肾脏造成损害。在过去的几年里,微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(microbial-induced carbonate precipitation,简称MICP)技术由于其较好的可操作性已被广泛应用于污染场地复原再利用。然而,极端环境(比如强酸条件)会导致碳酸盐沉淀的降解,增加Pb^(2+)迁移扩散和二次环境污染风险。将基于微胶囊技术的自愈碳酸盐沉淀材料应用于含铅废水修复,其研究结果表明,在孢子萌发阶段微胶囊不仅防止了孢子受到恶劣pH条件的威胁,而且为孢子的生长和繁殖提供了肌苷和酵母提取物等营养来源,还为它们的附着提供了额外的位点,进而实现了细菌孢子与Pb^(2+)的成核,最终达到90%以上的修复效率。从扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,简称SEM)、扫描电子显微镜与能谱仪(scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,简称SEM-EDS)和X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,简称XRD)等细观测试中识别了白铅矿和方解石矿物,而在傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectrum,简称FTIR)测试中证实胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substance,简称EPS)的存在,这些细观测试结果证实了细菌孢子和矿化产物共同参与了Pb^(2+)的修复。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21991123,52073049 and 51703148)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20ZR1402500 and18ZR1401900)+4 种基金the Belt&Road Young Scientist Exchanges Project of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Shanghai(20520741000)Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials(Donghua University(DHU),18520750400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesDHU Distinguished Young Professor Program(LZA2019001)the Open Research Fund of Shanghai Center for High-performance Fibers and Composites and the Center for Civil Aviation Composites of Donghua University。
文摘Three-dimensional(3 D)printing has had a large impact on various fields,with fused deposition modeling(FDM)being the most versatile and cost-effective 3 D printing technology.However,FDM often requires sacrificial support structures,which significantly complicates the processing and increases the cost.Furthermore,poor layer-to-layer adhesion greatly affects the mechanical stability of 3D-printed objects.Here,we present a new Print-Healing strategy to address the aforementioned challenges.A polymer ink(Cu-DOU-CPU)with synergetic triple dynamic bonds was developed to have excellent printability and room-temperature self-healing ability.Objects with various shapes were printed using a simple compact 3D printer,and readily assembled into large sophisticated architectures via self-healing.Triple dynamic bonds induce strong binding between layers.Additionally,damaged printed objects can spontaneously heal,which significantly elongates their service life.This work paves a simple and powerful way to solve the key bottlenecks in FDM 3D printing,and will have diverse applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20874117, 50903095, 51073176 and U0634001)Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (20090171110026)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province (2010B010800021)
文摘Self-healing polymers represent a class of materials with built-in capability of rehabilitating damages. The topic has attracted increasingly more attention in the past few years. The on-going research activities clearly indicate that self-healing polymeric materials turn out to be a typical multi-disciplinary area concerning polymer chemistry, organic synthesis, polymer physics, theoretical and experimental mechanics, processing, composites manufacturing, interfacial engineering, etc. The present article briefly reviews the achievements of the groups worldwide, and particularly the work carried out in our own laboratory towards strength recovery for structural applications. To ensure sufficient coverage, thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers, extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing, autonomic and non-autonomic healing approaches are included. Innovative routes that correlate materials chemistry to full capacity restoration are discussed for further development from bioinspired toward biomimetic repair.
