Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive procedure that utilizes precisely targeted radiation as an ablative surgical tool. Conventional radiosurgery devices, such as the Gamma Knife, rely upon skeletally attached ...Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive procedure that utilizes precisely targeted radiation as an ablative surgical tool. Conventional radiosurgery devices, such as the Gamma Knife, rely upon skeletally attached Stereotactic frames to immobilize the patient and precisely determine the 3D spatial position of a tumor. A relatively new instrument, the CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA), makes it possible to administer radiosurgery without a frame. The CyberKnife localizes clinical targets using a very accurate image-to-image correlation algorithm, and precisely cross-fires high-energy radiation from a lightweight linear accelerator by means of a highly manipulable robotic arm. CyberKnife radiosurgery is an effective alternative to conventional surgery or radiation therapy for a range of tumors and some non-neoplastic disorders. This report will describe CyberKnife technology and oncologic applications in neurosurgery and throughout the body.展开更多
A three dimension of dynamic mathematical model of the molten carbonate fuel cell is established,in which the heat generation, mass transfer and electrochemical characteristics are described. The performance of the fu...A three dimension of dynamic mathematical model of the molten carbonate fuel cell is established,in which the heat generation, mass transfer and electrochemical characteristics are described. The performance of the fuel cell including the distributions of the temperature and the velocity is predicted numerically. Then the experimental data including the output performance of the fuel cell generation system and the temperature distributions are compared. The numerical results are in agreement with the experiment results.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness on the tumor load and cellular immune function of percutaneous cryoablation （argon-helium cryoablative system, AHCS） combined with transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） for tr...OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness on the tumor load and cellular immune function of percutaneous cryoablation （argon-helium cryoablative system, AHCS） combined with transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） for treating large hepatocellular carcinomas （HCCs） with diameters over 10 ca. METHODS A total of 48 HCC patients were treated with AHCS after TACE. Tumor sizes ranged from 10 to 14 cm. All cases were a hypervascular type. There were 38 Child A cases and 10 Child B cases. Forty were AFP positive and 8 negative. The patients were randomized with therapy group consisting of 26 cases and the control group 22 cases. The therapy group received AHCS 4 weeks following TACE treatment. Reexamination included pathology, tumor markers, T-lymphocyte subgroup levels and computed tomography or MRI. The necrosis rate of the tumor load was calculated by Cavalieri＇s theory. EORTC QLQ-C30 was used in quality of life evaluation. RESULTS The average tumor-load reduction rate （necrosis rate） was 8.07% after TACE, and 28.65% after AHCS. Coagulation necrosis was produced in the target area. The tumor markers deceased significantly after AHCS. Tumor-load reduction after AHCS was more significant than after TACE. Suppression of cellular immunity after TACE was significant. In contrast, CD3^＋, CD4^＋ and NK increased after AHCS and an abnormal T-lymphocyte distribution was corrected. Quality of life after AHCS increased according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 evaluation. No severe complications occurred. CONCLUSION Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation after TACE reduced the tumor load in the short term. At the same time, cellular immune function was increased after AHCS. TACE was critical in increasing the therapeutic efficacy of AHCS because of its embolisation of blood vessels preventing a Flow Effect. Reduction of the tumor load in the short term may conduce to increase cellular immunity. Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation combined with TACE can reduce the tumor load, improve cellular immunity and increase quality of life of HCC patients. This type of therapy deserves to be studied further research.展开更多
In order to investigate the differences of cellular electrophysiologic changes between laser photocoagulation(LP) and radiofrequency ablation(RFA), transmembrane potentials were recorded at 0 5,1...In order to investigate the differences of cellular electrophysiologic changes between laser photocoagulation(LP) and radiofrequency ablation(RFA), transmembrane potentials were recorded at 0 5,1,3,5,8 mm from lesions before and after LP and RFA had been performed respectively on 15 endocardial tissues removed from 15 adult rabbits in each group Resting potential(RP), action potential amplitude(APA), maximum rate of upstroke velocity (dV/dT), and action potential duration at 50 percent of repolarization(APD50) decreased at 0 5, 1,3 mm from lesions in RF, so did all of them at 0 5,1 mm in LP, but all transmembrane potential variables were almost normal at 3 mm in LP Furthermore, almost all the transmembrane potential variables at 0 5 1,3 mm in RFA went down much lower than those in LP(P<0 01) There was no difference in all transmembrane potential variables at 5, 8 mm between LP and RFA APD 90 had no difference at varing distance in both the groups Electrophysiologic abnormalities of border zone of injured but nonnecrotic myocardium around the lesions of laser photocoagulation are much less than those of radiofrequency ablation in strength and much smaller in scope, which suggest that unfavorable effects of laser photocoagulation on hemodynamics and arrhythmogenicity would be less than those of radiofrequency ablation展开更多
The use of clicker technology as a tool for promoting learning, let along deep learning, is hotly debated and has its proponents and opponents. With the question still open, this paper examines the use of this technol...The use of clicker technology as a tool for promoting learning, let along deep learning, is hotly debated and has its proponents and opponents. With the question still open, this paper examines the use of this technology in fostering critical thinking and other higher-order learning and team-building skills, in the context of two entry-level psychology courses. The results obtained indicate that from the perspectives of both the student and the instructor, the integration of this technology was positively perceived to enhance the learning process and the acquisition of these skills. It would seem these concepts are, after all, not antithetical.展开更多
Objective: To explore the application of controlled hypothermia radio-frequency ablation technique in otolaryngology. Methods: Germany Bipolar controlled hypothermia radio-frequency with varying tips was used for obst...Objective: To explore the application of controlled hypothermia radio-frequency ablation technique in otolaryngology. Methods: Germany Bipolar controlled hypothermia radio-frequency with varying tips was used for obstructive sleep apnea-hyponea syndrome, chronic hypertrophic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, aural pseudocyst, phymatoid proliferation of tongue root, capillary hemangioma of nose and pharynx. Follow up was made up to six months. Results:All patients had curative effects. Conclusion: Hypothermia radio-frequency ablation technique was used effectively for many diseases in otolaryngology with features of accurate ablation, low complication, reliable effects as well as easyusing. It was a prospective method of micro invasive surgery.展开更多
文摘Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive procedure that utilizes precisely targeted radiation as an ablative surgical tool. Conventional radiosurgery devices, such as the Gamma Knife, rely upon skeletally attached Stereotactic frames to immobilize the patient and precisely determine the 3D spatial position of a tumor. A relatively new instrument, the CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA), makes it possible to administer radiosurgery without a frame. The CyberKnife localizes clinical targets using a very accurate image-to-image correlation algorithm, and precisely cross-fires high-energy radiation from a lightweight linear accelerator by means of a highly manipulable robotic arm. CyberKnife radiosurgery is an effective alternative to conventional surgery or radiation therapy for a range of tumors and some non-neoplastic disorders. This report will describe CyberKnife technology and oncologic applications in neurosurgery and throughout the body.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Development (No. 993012003) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50206012).
文摘A three dimension of dynamic mathematical model of the molten carbonate fuel cell is established,in which the heat generation, mass transfer and electrochemical characteristics are described. The performance of the fuel cell including the distributions of the temperature and the velocity is predicted numerically. Then the experimental data including the output performance of the fuel cell generation system and the temperature distributions are compared. The numerical results are in agreement with the experiment results.
文摘OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness on the tumor load and cellular immune function of percutaneous cryoablation （argon-helium cryoablative system, AHCS） combined with transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） for treating large hepatocellular carcinomas （HCCs） with diameters over 10 ca. METHODS A total of 48 HCC patients were treated with AHCS after TACE. Tumor sizes ranged from 10 to 14 cm. All cases were a hypervascular type. There were 38 Child A cases and 10 Child B cases. Forty were AFP positive and 8 negative. The patients were randomized with therapy group consisting of 26 cases and the control group 22 cases. The therapy group received AHCS 4 weeks following TACE treatment. Reexamination included pathology, tumor markers, T-lymphocyte subgroup levels and computed tomography or MRI. The necrosis rate of the tumor load was calculated by Cavalieri＇s theory. EORTC QLQ-C30 was used in quality of life evaluation. RESULTS The average tumor-load reduction rate （necrosis rate） was 8.07% after TACE, and 28.65% after AHCS. Coagulation necrosis was produced in the target area. The tumor markers deceased significantly after AHCS. Tumor-load reduction after AHCS was more significant than after TACE. Suppression of cellular immunity after TACE was significant. In contrast, CD3^＋, CD4^＋ and NK increased after AHCS and an abnormal T-lymphocyte distribution was corrected. Quality of life after AHCS increased according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 evaluation. No severe complications occurred. CONCLUSION Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation after TACE reduced the tumor load in the short term. At the same time, cellular immune function was increased after AHCS. TACE was critical in increasing the therapeutic efficacy of AHCS because of its embolisation of blood vessels preventing a Flow Effect. Reduction of the tumor load in the short term may conduce to increase cellular immunity. Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation combined with TACE can reduce the tumor load, improve cellular immunity and increase quality of life of HCC patients. This type of therapy deserves to be studied further research.
文摘In order to investigate the differences of cellular electrophysiologic changes between laser photocoagulation(LP) and radiofrequency ablation(RFA), transmembrane potentials were recorded at 0 5,1,3,5,8 mm from lesions before and after LP and RFA had been performed respectively on 15 endocardial tissues removed from 15 adult rabbits in each group Resting potential(RP), action potential amplitude(APA), maximum rate of upstroke velocity (dV/dT), and action potential duration at 50 percent of repolarization(APD50) decreased at 0 5, 1,3 mm from lesions in RF, so did all of them at 0 5,1 mm in LP, but all transmembrane potential variables were almost normal at 3 mm in LP Furthermore, almost all the transmembrane potential variables at 0 5 1,3 mm in RFA went down much lower than those in LP(P<0 01) There was no difference in all transmembrane potential variables at 5, 8 mm between LP and RFA APD 90 had no difference at varing distance in both the groups Electrophysiologic abnormalities of border zone of injured but nonnecrotic myocardium around the lesions of laser photocoagulation are much less than those of radiofrequency ablation in strength and much smaller in scope, which suggest that unfavorable effects of laser photocoagulation on hemodynamics and arrhythmogenicity would be less than those of radiofrequency ablation
文摘The use of clicker technology as a tool for promoting learning, let along deep learning, is hotly debated and has its proponents and opponents. With the question still open, this paper examines the use of this technology in fostering critical thinking and other higher-order learning and team-building skills, in the context of two entry-level psychology courses. The results obtained indicate that from the perspectives of both the student and the instructor, the integration of this technology was positively perceived to enhance the learning process and the acquisition of these skills. It would seem these concepts are, after all, not antithetical.
文摘Objective: To explore the application of controlled hypothermia radio-frequency ablation technique in otolaryngology. Methods: Germany Bipolar controlled hypothermia radio-frequency with varying tips was used for obstructive sleep apnea-hyponea syndrome, chronic hypertrophic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, aural pseudocyst, phymatoid proliferation of tongue root, capillary hemangioma of nose and pharynx. Follow up was made up to six months. Results:All patients had curative effects. Conclusion: Hypothermia radio-frequency ablation technique was used effectively for many diseases in otolaryngology with features of accurate ablation, low complication, reliable effects as well as easyusing. It was a prospective method of micro invasive surgery.
