Information about disease management in winter wheat （Triticum aestiva） in eight European countries was collated and analysed by scientists and extension workers within the European Network for the Durable Exploitat...Information about disease management in winter wheat （Triticum aestiva） in eight European countries was collated and analysed by scientists and extension workers within the European Network for the Durable Exploitation of Crop Protection Strategies （ENDURE）. This included information about specific disease thresholds, decision support systems, host varieties, disease prevalence and pathogen virulence. Major differences in disease prevalence and economic importance were observed. Septoria tritici blotch （Mycosphaerella graminicola） was recognized as the most yield reducing disease in countries with intensive wheat production, but also rust diseases （Puccinia striiformis and Puccinia triticina）, powdery mildew （Blumeria graminis） and Fusarium head blight （Fusarium spp.） were seen as serious disease problems. Examples of current integrated pest management （IPM） strategies in different countries have been reported. Disease management and fungicide use patterns showed major differences, with an average input equivalent to 2.3 full dose rates （TFI） in the UK and a TFI of 0.6 in Denmark. These differences are most likely due to a combination of different cropping systems, climatic differences, disease prevalence, and socio-economic factors. The web based information platform www.eurowheat.org was used for dissemination of information and results including information on control thresholds, cultural practices which can influence disease attack, fungicide efficacy, fungicide resistance, and pathogen virulence, which are all elements supporting 1PM for disease control in wheat. The platform is open to all users. The target groups of EuroWheat information are researchers, advisors, breeders, and similar partners dealing with disease management in wheat.展开更多
为加快最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题的求解,基于最优中心参数(optimal centering parameter,OCP)及改进多中心校正(improved multiple centrality corrections,IMCC)技术,提出一种求解最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题的...为加快最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题的求解,基于最优中心参数(optimal centering parameter,OCP)及改进多中心校正(improved multiple centrality corrections,IMCC)技术,提出一种求解最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题的新型快速内点算法(OCP-IMCC interior point method,OCP-IMCCIPM)。结合均衡距离–评价函数(equilibrium distance-quality function,ED-QF),给出最优中心参数评价模型,采用线性化技术对模型近似,以降低模型计算量。利用线搜索技术实现近似模型求解以确定最优中心参数,该参数使得所提算法具有更多的优势步和更少的迭代次数。IMCC技术可进一步拉大迭代步(尤其是非优势步)步长,实现算法更快收敛。14—1047节点系统的仿真结果表明,与其他多种内点算法相比,所提OCP-IMCCIPM算法具有更大的迭代步长和更快的收敛速度以及更好的计算效果。展开更多
In this paper, a new primal-dual interior-point algorithm for convex quadratic optimization （CQO） based on a kernel function is presented. The proposed function has some properties that are easy for checking. These ...In this paper, a new primal-dual interior-point algorithm for convex quadratic optimization （CQO） based on a kernel function is presented. The proposed function has some properties that are easy for checking. These properties enable us to improve the polynomial complexity bound of a large-update interior-point method （IPM） to O（√n log nlog n/e）, which is the currently best known polynomial complexity bound for the algorithm with the large-update method. Numerical tests were conducted to investigate the behavior of the algorithm with different parameters p, q and θ, where p is the growth degree parameter, q is the barrier degree of the kernel function and θ is the barrier update parameter.展开更多
基金ENDURE,European Network for the Durable Exploitation of Crop Protection Strategies,which was organized as"network of excellence(NoE)"financed by the EU’s 6th Framework Programme
文摘Information about disease management in winter wheat （Triticum aestiva） in eight European countries was collated and analysed by scientists and extension workers within the European Network for the Durable Exploitation of Crop Protection Strategies （ENDURE）. This included information about specific disease thresholds, decision support systems, host varieties, disease prevalence and pathogen virulence. Major differences in disease prevalence and economic importance were observed. Septoria tritici blotch （Mycosphaerella graminicola） was recognized as the most yield reducing disease in countries with intensive wheat production, but also rust diseases （Puccinia striiformis and Puccinia triticina）, powdery mildew （Blumeria graminis） and Fusarium head blight （Fusarium spp.） were seen as serious disease problems. Examples of current integrated pest management （IPM） strategies in different countries have been reported. Disease management and fungicide use patterns showed major differences, with an average input equivalent to 2.3 full dose rates （TFI） in the UK and a TFI of 0.6 in Denmark. These differences are most likely due to a combination of different cropping systems, climatic differences, disease prevalence, and socio-economic factors. The web based information platform www.eurowheat.org was used for dissemination of information and results including information on control thresholds, cultural practices which can influence disease attack, fungicide efficacy, fungicide resistance, and pathogen virulence, which are all elements supporting 1PM for disease control in wheat. The platform is open to all users. The target groups of EuroWheat information are researchers, advisors, breeders, and similar partners dealing with disease management in wheat.
文摘为加快最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题的求解,基于最优中心参数(optimal centering parameter,OCP)及改进多中心校正(improved multiple centrality corrections,IMCC)技术,提出一种求解最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题的新型快速内点算法(OCP-IMCC interior point method,OCP-IMCCIPM)。结合均衡距离–评价函数(equilibrium distance-quality function,ED-QF),给出最优中心参数评价模型,采用线性化技术对模型近似,以降低模型计算量。利用线搜索技术实现近似模型求解以确定最优中心参数,该参数使得所提算法具有更多的优势步和更少的迭代次数。IMCC技术可进一步拉大迭代步(尤其是非优势步)步长,实现算法更快收敛。14—1047节点系统的仿真结果表明,与其他多种内点算法相比,所提OCP-IMCCIPM算法具有更大的迭代步长和更快的收敛速度以及更好的计算效果。
基金the Foundation of Scientific Research for Selecting and Cultivating Young Excellent University Teachers in Shanghai (Grant No.06XPYQ52)the Shanghai Pujiang Program (Grant No.06PJ14039)
文摘In this paper, a new primal-dual interior-point algorithm for convex quadratic optimization （CQO） based on a kernel function is presented. The proposed function has some properties that are easy for checking. These properties enable us to improve the polynomial complexity bound of a large-update interior-point method （IPM） to O（√n log nlog n/e）, which is the currently best known polynomial complexity bound for the algorithm with the large-update method. Numerical tests were conducted to investigate the behavior of the algorithm with different parameters p, q and θ, where p is the growth degree parameter, q is the barrier degree of the kernel function and θ is the barrier update parameter.
