Modern nuclear power plants, both newly designed generation 3 and existing generation 2 reactors, make use of passive safety systems for significant and measurable improvements in safety and reliability. Medium Pressu...Modern nuclear power plants, both newly designed generation 3 and existing generation 2 reactors, make use of passive safety systems for significant and measurable improvements in safety and reliability. Medium Pressure Safety Injection System (MP-SIS) in Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant is a typical and very important nuclear safety passive system. This paper discusses the reliability of MP-SIS on the basis of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) with unavailability and Minimal Cut Set (MCS) calculated as two important indicators. The result illustrates that the passive MP-Safety Injection Tank barely contributes to the system’s unavailability and human interactions with Manual Valves and Motor Operated Valves have great negative impact on the reliability.展开更多
A more accurate determination for the Probability of Failure on Demand(PFD)of the Safety Instrumented System(SIS)contributes to more SIS realiability,thereby ensuring more safety and lower cost.IEC 61508 and ISA TR.84...A more accurate determination for the Probability of Failure on Demand(PFD)of the Safety Instrumented System(SIS)contributes to more SIS realiability,thereby ensuring more safety and lower cost.IEC 61508 and ISA TR.84.02 provide the PFD detemination formulas.However,these formulas suffer from an uncertaity issue due to the inclusion of uncertainty sources,which,including high redundant systems architectures,cannot be assessed,have perfect proof test assumption,and are neglegted in partial stroke testing(PST)of impact on the system PFD.On the other hand,determining the values of PFD variables to achieve the target risk reduction involves daunting efforts and consumes time.This paper proposes a new approach for system PFD determination and PFD variables optimization that contributes to reduce the uncertainty problem.A higher redundant system can be assessed by generalizing the PFD formula into KooN architecture without neglecting the diagnostic coverage factor(DC)and common cause failures(CCF).In order to simulate the proof test effectiveness,the Proof Test Coverage(PTC)factor has been incorporated into the formula.Additionally,the system PFD value has been improved by incorporating PST for the final control element into the formula.The new developed formula is modelled using the Genetic Algorithm(GA)artificial technique.The GA model saves time and effort to examine system PFD and estimate near optimal values for PFD variables.The proposed model has been applicated on SIS design for crude oil test separator using MATLAB.The comparison between the proposed model and PFD formulas provided by IEC 61508 and ISA TR.84.02 showed that the proposed GA model can assess any system structure and simulate industrial reality.Furthermore,the cost and associated implementation testing activities are reduced.展开更多
The safety instrument system in oil and gas pipeline application form and application methods shall conform to the basic requirement of the state of different oil and gas transportation, at the same time, under the in...The safety instrument system in oil and gas pipeline application form and application methods shall conform to the basic requirement of the state of different oil and gas transportation, at the same time, under the influence of such requirements, related management department should be combined with the operation of the safety instrument system management mechanism, to adjust the running timeliness of such a system, so as to improve the operation of the instrument system response efficiency. In the process of modern safety instrument system operation, some information means can be applied to safety instrument system, so as to improve the actual efficiency of system operation management. More importantly, an effective information feedback loop can be formed to improve the overall quality of the operation and application of the safety instrumentation system. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the application problems of safety instrument system in oil and gas pipeline, and then discusses the methods and suggestions related to system application on the basis of solving such problems.展开更多
文摘Modern nuclear power plants, both newly designed generation 3 and existing generation 2 reactors, make use of passive safety systems for significant and measurable improvements in safety and reliability. Medium Pressure Safety Injection System (MP-SIS) in Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant is a typical and very important nuclear safety passive system. This paper discusses the reliability of MP-SIS on the basis of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) with unavailability and Minimal Cut Set (MCS) calculated as two important indicators. The result illustrates that the passive MP-Safety Injection Tank barely contributes to the system’s unavailability and human interactions with Manual Valves and Motor Operated Valves have great negative impact on the reliability.
文摘A more accurate determination for the Probability of Failure on Demand(PFD)of the Safety Instrumented System(SIS)contributes to more SIS realiability,thereby ensuring more safety and lower cost.IEC 61508 and ISA TR.84.02 provide the PFD detemination formulas.However,these formulas suffer from an uncertaity issue due to the inclusion of uncertainty sources,which,including high redundant systems architectures,cannot be assessed,have perfect proof test assumption,and are neglegted in partial stroke testing(PST)of impact on the system PFD.On the other hand,determining the values of PFD variables to achieve the target risk reduction involves daunting efforts and consumes time.This paper proposes a new approach for system PFD determination and PFD variables optimization that contributes to reduce the uncertainty problem.A higher redundant system can be assessed by generalizing the PFD formula into KooN architecture without neglecting the diagnostic coverage factor(DC)and common cause failures(CCF).In order to simulate the proof test effectiveness,the Proof Test Coverage(PTC)factor has been incorporated into the formula.Additionally,the system PFD value has been improved by incorporating PST for the final control element into the formula.The new developed formula is modelled using the Genetic Algorithm(GA)artificial technique.The GA model saves time and effort to examine system PFD and estimate near optimal values for PFD variables.The proposed model has been applicated on SIS design for crude oil test separator using MATLAB.The comparison between the proposed model and PFD formulas provided by IEC 61508 and ISA TR.84.02 showed that the proposed GA model can assess any system structure and simulate industrial reality.Furthermore,the cost and associated implementation testing activities are reduced.
文摘The safety instrument system in oil and gas pipeline application form and application methods shall conform to the basic requirement of the state of different oil and gas transportation, at the same time, under the influence of such requirements, related management department should be combined with the operation of the safety instrument system management mechanism, to adjust the running timeliness of such a system, so as to improve the operation of the instrument system response efficiency. In the process of modern safety instrument system operation, some information means can be applied to safety instrument system, so as to improve the actual efficiency of system operation management. More importantly, an effective information feedback loop can be formed to improve the overall quality of the operation and application of the safety instrumentation system. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the application problems of safety instrument system in oil and gas pipeline, and then discusses the methods and suggestions related to system application on the basis of solving such problems.
