Due to the low impedance characteristic of the high voltage direct current(HVDC)grid,the fault current rises extremely fast after a DC-side fault occurs,and this phenomenon seriously endangers the safety of the HVDC g...Due to the low impedance characteristic of the high voltage direct current(HVDC)grid,the fault current rises extremely fast after a DC-side fault occurs,and this phenomenon seriously endangers the safety of the HVDC grid.In order to suppress the rising speed of the fault current and reduce the current interruption requirements of the main breaker(MB),a fault current limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker(FCL-HCB)has been proposed in this paper,and it has the capability of bidirectional fault current limiting and fault current interruption.After the occurrence of the overcurrent in the HVDC grid,the current limiting circuit(CLC)of FCL-HCB is put into operation immediately,and whether the protected line is cut off or resumed to normal operation is decided according to the fault detection result.Compared with the traditional hybrid DC circuit breaker(HCB),the required number of semiconductor switches and the peak value of fault current after fault occurs are greatly reduced by adopting the proposed device.Extensive simulations also verify the effectiveness of the proposed FCL-HCB.展开更多
介绍了基于直流系统电磁暂态(electro-magnetic transient in DCsystem,EMTDC)建立的直流输电控制系统,该控制系统两侧均有定电压控制器,可通过调整直流电压参考值实现直流系统的降压运行。仿真实验结果表明:该控制系统电流指令追随性好...介绍了基于直流系统电磁暂态(electro-magnetic transient in DCsystem,EMTDC)建立的直流输电控制系统,该控制系统两侧均有定电压控制器,可通过调整直流电压参考值实现直流系统的降压运行。仿真实验结果表明:该控制系统电流指令追随性好,在直流电流下降后的恢复过程中,能有效抑制直流电压和电流的波动;在逆变侧发生单相接地故障时,由于整流侧有最小触发角限制作用,在逆变侧有故障恢复启动功能,因此在故障时能保持较大的熄弧角,在故障恢复过程中有很强的协调能力和控制能力。展开更多
直流故障穿越是柔性直流输电(voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSCHVDC)技术面临的重要问题之一。全桥型模块化多电平换流器(full bridge modular multilevel converter,FBMMC)能够快速清除...直流故障穿越是柔性直流输电(voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSCHVDC)技术面临的重要问题之一。全桥型模块化多电平换流器(full bridge modular multilevel converter,FBMMC)能够快速清除直流侧故障,是实现直流故障穿越的理想拓扑。该文首先分析现有换流阀闭锁保护策略下电容放电阶段和换流阀闭锁阶段的等效电路,推导电容电压和电流的解析式。针对实际工程中功率模块具有恒功率负载特性,换流站闭锁期间功率模块电容电压逐渐发散并最终导致交流断路器跳闸的问题,提出一种FBMMC-HVDC的故障穿越控制保护策略。在故障穿越期间,换流器处于可控状态,能够避免电容电压发散,无需切断交直流系统连接;在故障清除后能够立即恢复正常运行,具备暂时性和永久性直流故障穿越能力。在PSCAD/EMTDC软件中构建了FBMMC-HVDC仿真模型,对比上述两种保护策略,分析两种策略各自的优缺点。展开更多
基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流(MMC-HVDC)电网的桥臂电抗器(armreactor,AR)、平波电抗器(current limiting reactor,CLR)在保证系统稳态性能下,与故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)合理配合,可有效降低直流断路器的分断电流,...基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流(MMC-HVDC)电网的桥臂电抗器(armreactor,AR)、平波电抗器(current limiting reactor,CLR)在保证系统稳态性能下,与故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)合理配合,可有效降低直流断路器的分断电流,实现直流短路故障穿越。该文通过对直流短路故障条件下,MMC-HVDC电网系统储能元件及交直流区域的暂态能量流(transient energy flow,TEF)时空分布与直流短路故障电流演化相依关系的分析,提出基于TEF抑制的参数综合优化模型,以交流区域和子模块电容及相邻线路暂态能量流抑制率和抑制效率极大化作为评价目标,以AR、CLR、FCL参数为优化变量。以张北四端直流电网的拓扑结构和单极对地直流故障为例,采用该模型对AR、CLR和FCL进行优化设计。优化结果及分析表明:建立的优化模型可以充分发挥AR、CLR和FCL各自在抑制短路故障电流方面的能力,较好地兼顾了故障电流抑制技术及经济性能指标,降低了限流成本。展开更多
The high-voltage direct current(HVDC)circuit breaker is becoming popular with the rapid development of the flexible HVDC grid for efficient DC fault ride-through purposes.This paper proposes a novel module for recipro...The high-voltage direct current(HVDC)circuit breaker is becoming popular with the rapid development of the flexible HVDC grid for efficient DC fault ride-through purposes.This paper proposes a novel module for reciprocating HVDC circuit breaker topology,whose branch connections are able to switch between series and parallel modes to limit the rising rate and interrupt the DC fault currents.Diode-bridge submodules(DBSMs)are used to compose the main branch for current interruption.Besides fault clearance,the proposed topology has the advantageous function of DC fault current limiting by employing DBSMs with bi-directional conduction capability.The topology can easily switch among branch connection modes through the assembled trans-valves,and their resistance and reactance are very small in the normal state when branches are in parallel and the values become promptly large in the transient state when the branches are series connected.With the modular design,it is easy to change the number of branches or sub-modules and the types of sub-modules to adapt to more specific needs.A 6-terminal modular multi-level converter(MMC)based HVDC grid is established in PSCAD/EMTDC,and various simulation scenarios are carried out to validate the proposed topology.展开更多
直流系统的故障隔离是保证直流系统稳定运行的重要技术。针对传统故障隔离策略对直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker, DCCB)的性能要求较高的问题,提出了一种利用柔性限流装置(flexible current limiting device,FCLD)与DCCB协...直流系统的故障隔离是保证直流系统稳定运行的重要技术。针对传统故障隔离策略对直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker, DCCB)的性能要求较高的问题,提出了一种利用柔性限流装置(flexible current limiting device,FCLD)与DCCB协同动作的故障隔离策略。首先,研究了直流系统永久性故障和瞬时性故障情况下FCLD与DCCB的协同作用机理。其次,分析考虑FCLD电流抑制作用下DCCB开断过程的电弧暂态特性。最后,在Matlab/Simulink平台中进行仿真,验证所提协同策略的可行性。结果表明:FCLD可有效抑制DCCB的开断电弧;基于所提故障隔离策略,直流系统可在瞬时故障情况下实现平稳穿越,永久故障情况下实现DCCB的无弧开断。该策略降低了直流系统故障隔离过程中对DCCB的开断要求,提升了直流系统的故障穿越能力。展开更多
基金This project is funded by the Dongying Science Development Fund Project(DJ2021013).
文摘Due to the low impedance characteristic of the high voltage direct current(HVDC)grid,the fault current rises extremely fast after a DC-side fault occurs,and this phenomenon seriously endangers the safety of the HVDC grid.In order to suppress the rising speed of the fault current and reduce the current interruption requirements of the main breaker(MB),a fault current limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker(FCL-HCB)has been proposed in this paper,and it has the capability of bidirectional fault current limiting and fault current interruption.After the occurrence of the overcurrent in the HVDC grid,the current limiting circuit(CLC)of FCL-HCB is put into operation immediately,and whether the protected line is cut off or resumed to normal operation is decided according to the fault detection result.Compared with the traditional hybrid DC circuit breaker(HCB),the required number of semiconductor switches and the peak value of fault current after fault occurs are greatly reduced by adopting the proposed device.Extensive simulations also verify the effectiveness of the proposed FCL-HCB.
文摘介绍了基于直流系统电磁暂态(electro-magnetic transient in DCsystem,EMTDC)建立的直流输电控制系统,该控制系统两侧均有定电压控制器,可通过调整直流电压参考值实现直流系统的降压运行。仿真实验结果表明:该控制系统电流指令追随性好,在直流电流下降后的恢复过程中,能有效抑制直流电压和电流的波动;在逆变侧发生单相接地故障时,由于整流侧有最小触发角限制作用,在逆变侧有故障恢复启动功能,因此在故障时能保持较大的熄弧角,在故障恢复过程中有很强的协调能力和控制能力。
文摘直流故障穿越是柔性直流输电(voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSCHVDC)技术面临的重要问题之一。全桥型模块化多电平换流器(full bridge modular multilevel converter,FBMMC)能够快速清除直流侧故障,是实现直流故障穿越的理想拓扑。该文首先分析现有换流阀闭锁保护策略下电容放电阶段和换流阀闭锁阶段的等效电路,推导电容电压和电流的解析式。针对实际工程中功率模块具有恒功率负载特性,换流站闭锁期间功率模块电容电压逐渐发散并最终导致交流断路器跳闸的问题,提出一种FBMMC-HVDC的故障穿越控制保护策略。在故障穿越期间,换流器处于可控状态,能够避免电容电压发散,无需切断交直流系统连接;在故障清除后能够立即恢复正常运行,具备暂时性和永久性直流故障穿越能力。在PSCAD/EMTDC软件中构建了FBMMC-HVDC仿真模型,对比上述两种保护策略,分析两种策略各自的优缺点。
文摘基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流(MMC-HVDC)电网的桥臂电抗器(armreactor,AR)、平波电抗器(current limiting reactor,CLR)在保证系统稳态性能下,与故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)合理配合,可有效降低直流断路器的分断电流,实现直流短路故障穿越。该文通过对直流短路故障条件下,MMC-HVDC电网系统储能元件及交直流区域的暂态能量流(transient energy flow,TEF)时空分布与直流短路故障电流演化相依关系的分析,提出基于TEF抑制的参数综合优化模型,以交流区域和子模块电容及相邻线路暂态能量流抑制率和抑制效率极大化作为评价目标,以AR、CLR、FCL参数为优化变量。以张北四端直流电网的拓扑结构和单极对地直流故障为例,采用该模型对AR、CLR和FCL进行优化设计。优化结果及分析表明:建立的优化模型可以充分发挥AR、CLR和FCL各自在抑制短路故障电流方面的能力,较好地兼顾了故障电流抑制技术及经济性能指标,降低了限流成本。
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB0904600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51777072)
文摘The high-voltage direct current(HVDC)circuit breaker is becoming popular with the rapid development of the flexible HVDC grid for efficient DC fault ride-through purposes.This paper proposes a novel module for reciprocating HVDC circuit breaker topology,whose branch connections are able to switch between series and parallel modes to limit the rising rate and interrupt the DC fault currents.Diode-bridge submodules(DBSMs)are used to compose the main branch for current interruption.Besides fault clearance,the proposed topology has the advantageous function of DC fault current limiting by employing DBSMs with bi-directional conduction capability.The topology can easily switch among branch connection modes through the assembled trans-valves,and their resistance and reactance are very small in the normal state when branches are in parallel and the values become promptly large in the transient state when the branches are series connected.With the modular design,it is easy to change the number of branches or sub-modules and the types of sub-modules to adapt to more specific needs.A 6-terminal modular multi-level converter(MMC)based HVDC grid is established in PSCAD/EMTDC,and various simulation scenarios are carried out to validate the proposed topology.
文摘直流系统的故障隔离是保证直流系统稳定运行的重要技术。针对传统故障隔离策略对直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker, DCCB)的性能要求较高的问题,提出了一种利用柔性限流装置(flexible current limiting device,FCLD)与DCCB协同动作的故障隔离策略。首先,研究了直流系统永久性故障和瞬时性故障情况下FCLD与DCCB的协同作用机理。其次,分析考虑FCLD电流抑制作用下DCCB开断过程的电弧暂态特性。最后,在Matlab/Simulink平台中进行仿真,验证所提协同策略的可行性。结果表明:FCLD可有效抑制DCCB的开断电弧;基于所提故障隔离策略,直流系统可在瞬时故障情况下实现平稳穿越,永久故障情况下实现DCCB的无弧开断。该策略降低了直流系统故障隔离过程中对DCCB的开断要求,提升了直流系统的故障穿越能力。
