Internet of things(IoT)is used in various fields such as smart cities,smart home,manufacturing industries,and healthcare.Its application in healthcare has many advantages and disadvantages.One of its most common proto...Internet of things(IoT)is used in various fields such as smart cities,smart home,manufacturing industries,and healthcare.Its application in healthcare has many advantages and disadvantages.One of its most common protocols is Message Queue Telemetry Transport(MQTT).MQTT protocol works as a publisher/subscriber which is suitable for IoT devices with limited power.One of the drawbacks of MQTT is that it is easy to manipulate.The default security provided by MQTT during user authentication,through username and password,does not provide any type of data encryption,to ensure confidentiality or integrity.This paper focuses on the security of IoT healthcare over the MQTT protocol,through the implementation of lightweight generating and key exchange algorithms.The research contribution of this paper is twofold.The first one is to implement a lightweight generating and key exchange algorithm for MQTT protocol,with the key length of 64 bits through OMNET++simulation.The second one is to obtain lower power consumption from some existing algorithms.Moreover,the power consumption through using the proposed algorithm is 0.78%,1.16%,and 1.93% of power for 256 bits,512 bits,and 1024 respectively.On the other hand,the power consumption without using the encryption is 0.25%,0.51%,and 1.03% for the same three payloads length.展开更多
With the new era of the Internet of Things(IoT)technology,many devices with limited resources are utilized.Those devices are susceptible to a signicant number of new malware and other risks emerging rapidly.One of the...With the new era of the Internet of Things(IoT)technology,many devices with limited resources are utilized.Those devices are susceptible to a signicant number of new malware and other risks emerging rapidly.One of the most appropriate methods for securing those IoT applications is cryptographic algorithms,as cryptography masks information by eliminating the risk of collecting any meaningful information patterns.This ensures that all data communications are private,accurate,authenticated,authorized,or nonrepudiated.Since conventional cryptographic algorithms have been developed specically for devices with limited resources;however,it turns out that such algorithms are not ideal for IoT restricted devices with their current conguration.Therefore,lightweight block ciphers are gaining popularity to meet the requirements of low-power and constrained devices.A new ultra-lightweight secret-key block-enciphering algorithm named“LBC-IoT”is proposed in this paper.The proposed block length is 32-bit supporting key lengths of 80-bit,and it is mainly based on the Feistel structure.Energy-efcient cryptographic features in“LBC-IoT”include the use of simple functions(shift,XOR)and small rigid substitution boxes(4-bit-S-boxes).Besides,it is immune to different types of attacks such as linear,differential,and side-channel as well as exible in terms of implementation.Moreover,LBC-IoT achieves reasonable performance in both hardware and software compared to other recent algorithms.LBC-IoT’s hardware implementation results are very promising(smallest ever area“548”GE)and competitive with today’s leading lightweight ciphers.LBC-IoT is also ideally suited for ultra-restricted devices such as RFID tags.展开更多
文摘Internet of things(IoT)is used in various fields such as smart cities,smart home,manufacturing industries,and healthcare.Its application in healthcare has many advantages and disadvantages.One of its most common protocols is Message Queue Telemetry Transport(MQTT).MQTT protocol works as a publisher/subscriber which is suitable for IoT devices with limited power.One of the drawbacks of MQTT is that it is easy to manipulate.The default security provided by MQTT during user authentication,through username and password,does not provide any type of data encryption,to ensure confidentiality or integrity.This paper focuses on the security of IoT healthcare over the MQTT protocol,through the implementation of lightweight generating and key exchange algorithms.The research contribution of this paper is twofold.The first one is to implement a lightweight generating and key exchange algorithm for MQTT protocol,with the key length of 64 bits through OMNET++simulation.The second one is to obtain lower power consumption from some existing algorithms.Moreover,the power consumption through using the proposed algorithm is 0.78%,1.16%,and 1.93% of power for 256 bits,512 bits,and 1024 respectively.On the other hand,the power consumption without using the encryption is 0.25%,0.51%,and 1.03% for the same three payloads length.
基金funded by Scientic Research Deanship at University of Ha’il—Saudi Arabia through Project Number RG-20019。
文摘With the new era of the Internet of Things(IoT)technology,many devices with limited resources are utilized.Those devices are susceptible to a signicant number of new malware and other risks emerging rapidly.One of the most appropriate methods for securing those IoT applications is cryptographic algorithms,as cryptography masks information by eliminating the risk of collecting any meaningful information patterns.This ensures that all data communications are private,accurate,authenticated,authorized,or nonrepudiated.Since conventional cryptographic algorithms have been developed specically for devices with limited resources;however,it turns out that such algorithms are not ideal for IoT restricted devices with their current conguration.Therefore,lightweight block ciphers are gaining popularity to meet the requirements of low-power and constrained devices.A new ultra-lightweight secret-key block-enciphering algorithm named“LBC-IoT”is proposed in this paper.The proposed block length is 32-bit supporting key lengths of 80-bit,and it is mainly based on the Feistel structure.Energy-efcient cryptographic features in“LBC-IoT”include the use of simple functions(shift,XOR)and small rigid substitution boxes(4-bit-S-boxes).Besides,it is immune to different types of attacks such as linear,differential,and side-channel as well as exible in terms of implementation.Moreover,LBC-IoT achieves reasonable performance in both hardware and software compared to other recent algorithms.LBC-IoT’s hardware implementation results are very promising(smallest ever area“548”GE)and competitive with today’s leading lightweight ciphers.LBC-IoT is also ideally suited for ultra-restricted devices such as RFID tags.
