Iterative methods based on finite element simulation are effective approaches to design mold shape to compensate springback in sheet metal forming. However, convergence rate of iterative methods is difficult to improv...Iterative methods based on finite element simulation are effective approaches to design mold shape to compensate springback in sheet metal forming. However, convergence rate of iterative methods is difficult to improve greatly. To increase the springback compensate speed of designing age forming mold, process of calculating springback for a certain mold with finite element method is analyzed. Springback compensation is abstracted as finding a solution for a set of nonlinear functions and a springback compensation algorithm is presented on the basis of quasi Newton method. The accuracy of algorithm is verified by developing an ABAQUS secondary development program with MATLAB. Three rectangular integrated panels of dimensions 710 mmx750 mm integrated panels with intersected ribs of 10 mm are selected to perform case studies. The algorithm is used to compute mold contours for the panels with cylinder, sphere and saddle contours respectively and it takes 57%, 22% and 33% iterations as compared to that of displacement adjustment （DA） method. At the end of iterations, maximum deviations on the three panels are 0.618 4 mm, 0.624 1 mm and 0.342 0 mm that are smaller than the deviations determined by DA method （0.740 8 mm, 0.740 8 mm and 0.713 7 mm respectively）. In following experimental verification, mold contour for another integrated panel with 400 ram^380 mm size is designed by the algorithm. Then the panel is age formed in an autoclave and measured by a three dimensional digital measurement devise. Deviation between measuring results and the panel＇s design contour is less than 1 mm. Finally, the iterations with different mesh sizes （40 mm, 35 mm, 30 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm） in finite element models are compared and found no considerable difference. Another possible compensation method, Broyden-Fletcher-Shanmo method, is also presented based on the solving nonlinear fimctions idea. The Broyden-Fletcher-Shanmo method is employed to compute mold contour for the second panel. It only takes 50% iterations compared to that of DA. The proposed method can serve a faster mold contour compensation method for sheet metal forming.展开更多
In this study, a reliable algorithm to develop approximate solutions for the problem of fluid flow over a stretching or shrinking sheet is proposed. It is depicted that the differential transform method (DTM) solution...In this study, a reliable algorithm to develop approximate solutions for the problem of fluid flow over a stretching or shrinking sheet is proposed. It is depicted that the differential transform method (DTM) solutions are only valid for small values of the independent variable. The DTM solutions diverge for some differential equations that extremely have nonlinear behaviors or have boundary-conditions at infinity. For this reason the governing boundary-layer equations are solved by the Multi-step Differential Transform Method (MDTM). The main advantage of this method is that it can be applied directly to nonlinear differential equations without requiring linearization, discretization, or perturbation. It is a semi analytical-numerical technique that formulizes Taylor series in a very different manner. By applying the MDTM the interval of convergence for the series solution is increased. The MDTM is treated as an algorithm in a sequence of intervals for finding accurate approximate solutions for systems of differential equations. It is predicted that the MDTM can be applied to a wide range of engineering applications.展开更多
This paper is aimed at solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation with two small parameters arising from option pricing model in financial economics.The traditional reproducing kernel(RK)metho...This paper is aimed at solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation with two small parameters arising from option pricing model in financial economics.The traditional reproducing kernel(RK)method which deals with this problem is very troublesome.This paper proposes a new method by adaptive multi-step piecewise interpolation reproducing kernel(AMPIRK)method for the first time.This method has three obvious advantages which are as follows.Firstly,the piecewise number is reduced.Secondly,the calculation accuracy is improved.Finally,the waste time caused by too many fragments is avoided.Then four numerical examples show that this new method has a higher precision and it is a more timesaving numerical method than the others.The research in this paper provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving time-fractional option pricing model which will play an important role in financial economics.展开更多
Rice production in the tidal floodplain of southern Bangladesh is constrained by uncontrolled water. In absence of high yielding varieties suitable for tidal floodplain, farmers grow low yielding indigenous cultivars ...Rice production in the tidal floodplain of southern Bangladesh is constrained by uncontrolled water. In absence of high yielding varieties suitable for tidal floodplain, farmers grow low yielding indigenous cultivars of tall plant type. This paper reports the effect of agronomic management on the yield and yield components of an indigenous rice cultivar, Sadamota. The trial was conducted in 10 farmers’ plots located widely apart in two upazila (sub-districts)—Jhalakati and Rajapur. 45 d and 60 d old seedlings were transplanted either in rows at 40 cm × 20 cm spacing or following farmers’ traditional practice of random planting. Transplanting 60 d old seedlings produced 14% higher yield compared with 45 d old seedlings. Transplanting in rows also increased grain yield by 12%. The yield increase was associated with hill density, the number of effective tillers per hill and the number of spikelets per panicle.展开更多
This paper proposes a new facial beautification method using facial rejuvenation based on the age evolution. Traditional facial beautification methods only focus on the color of skin and deformation and do the transfo...This paper proposes a new facial beautification method using facial rejuvenation based on the age evolution. Traditional facial beautification methods only focus on the color of skin and deformation and do the transformation based on an experimental standard of beauty. Our method achieves the beauty effect by making facial image looks younger, which is different from traditional methods and is more reasonable than them. Firstly, we decompose the image into different layers and get a detail layer. Secondly, we get an age-related parameter： the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution that the detail layer follows, and the support vector machine （SVM） regression is used to fit a function about the age and the standard deviation. Thirdly, we use this function to estimate the age of input image and generate a new detail layer with a new standard deviation which is calculated by decreasing the age. Lastly, we combine the original layers and the new detail layer to get a new face image. Experimental results show that this algo- rithm can make facial image become more beautiful by facial rejuvenation. The proposed method opens up a new way about facial beautification, and there are great potentials for applications.展开更多
This paper employs a multi-parameter multi-step chaos control method, which is built up on the OGY method, to stabilize desirable UPOs of a gear system with elastomeric web as a high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic cha...This paper employs a multi-parameter multi-step chaos control method, which is built up on the OGY method, to stabilize desirable UPOs of a gear system with elastomeric web as a high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic system, and the analyses are carried out. Three types of relations between components of a certain control parameter combination are defined in a certain control process. Special emphasis is put on the comparison of control efficiencies of the multi-parameter multi-step method and single-parameter multi-step method. The numerical experiments show the ability to switch between different orbits and the method can be a good chaos control alternative since it provides a more effective UPOs stabilization of high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic systems than the single-parameter chaos control, and according to the relation between components of each parameter combination, the best combination for chaos control in a certain UPO stabilization process are obtained.展开更多
As in other countries of West Africa, Benin has a low rate of MCM utilization. The factors which lead to this low rate of use vary from one country to another. Purpose: The purpose of this work was to determine the fa...As in other countries of West Africa, Benin has a low rate of MCM utilization. The factors which lead to this low rate of use vary from one country to another. Purpose: The purpose of this work was to determine the factors associated with the use of modern contraceptive method (MCM) by women of childbearing age (WCBA) in Parakou in 2017. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional and descriptive study with an analytical purpose among WCBA selected in households of the municipality of Parakou after a 2-degree cluster survey. Results: The WCBA’s average age was 29 ± 5.6 years old with extremes of 15 and 46 years. The modern contraceptive prevalence was 14.74%. Among WCBA, 57.14% had an average level of knowledge. The media were the main source of information (75.84%). Among them 34.39% never discussed the matter with their spouse;the latter were not in favor of contraception. The educational level, the perception of woman, the spouse’s favorable opinion, the discussion with the spouse, the level of knowledge of MCM and the knowledge of the existence of FP service were significantly associated with the use of MCM with p = 0.0000 after multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The level of MCM use still remains low. Any effort to increase the modern contraceptive prevalence should take into account its associated factors in order to optimize the use of MCM in the municipality of Parakou in 2017.展开更多
An Alternating Group Explicit (AGE) iterative method with intrinsic parallelism is constructed based on an implicit scheme for the Regularized Long-Wave (RLW) equation. The method can be used for the iteration solutio...An Alternating Group Explicit (AGE) iterative method with intrinsic parallelism is constructed based on an implicit scheme for the Regularized Long-Wave (RLW) equation. The method can be used for the iteration solution of a general tridiagonal system of equations with diagonal dominance. It is not only easy to implement, but also can directly carry out parallel computation. Convergence results are obtained by analysing the linear system. Numerical experiments show that the theory is accurate and the scheme is valid and reliable.展开更多
We assessed growth traits and wood properties ofDH32-29, a clone of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis, at age of two to six years in Guangdong in China. Analysis of variance of studied traits showed that there were si...We assessed growth traits and wood properties ofDH32-29, a clone of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis, at age of two to six years in Guangdong in China. Analysis of variance of studied traits showed that there were significant differences （1% level） on all studied traits among ages except for wood basic density. Analysis of age trends of growth traits and wood properties revealed that rotation length of DH32-29 should be more than six years or longer. Phenotypic correlations among traits at individual ages indicated that correlations between growth traits were strongly positive. There was significant change in relationship between growth and wood basic density with increasing age, ranging from -0.03 to -0.54 at 2 and 5 year and 0.003 to 0.3 at 3, 4 and 6 year. Correlations between Pilodyn pin penetration and basic density measured on increment cores showed that Pilodyn could rank or group genotypes or sites into density classes, but failure to predict individual tree and individual clone.展开更多
The techniques to forecast available parking space(APS) are indispensable components for parking guidance systems(PGS). According to the data collected in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the changing characteristics of ...The techniques to forecast available parking space(APS) are indispensable components for parking guidance systems(PGS). According to the data collected in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the changing characteristics of APS were studied. Thereafter, aiming to build up a multi-step APS forecasting model that provides richer information than a conventional one-step model, the largest Lyapunov exponents(largest LEs) method was introduced into PGS. By experimental tests conducted using the same dataset, its prediction performance was compared with traditional wavelet neural network(WNN) method in both one-step and multi-step processes. Based on the results, a new multi-step forecasting model called WNN-LE method was proposed, where WNN, which enjoys a more accurate performance along with a better learning ability in short-term forecasting, was applied in the early forecast steps while the Lyapunov exponent prediction method in the latter steps precisely reflect the chaotic feature in latter forecast period. The MSE of APS forecasting for one hour time period can be reduced from 83.1 to 27.1(in a parking building with 492 berths) by using largest LEs method instead of WNN and further reduced to 19.0 by conducted the new method.展开更多
We used skeletochronology to estimate age structure of the Omei Wood Frog, Rana omeimontis, from southwestern China.Average age differed significantly between males and females.Age at sexual maturity in both males and...We used skeletochronology to estimate age structure of the Omei Wood Frog, Rana omeimontis, from southwestern China.Average age differed significantly between males and females.Age at sexual maturity in both males and females was 1 year. Longevity was 6 and 7 years for males and females, respectively. Average body size differed significantly between the sexes, with females being larger than males. A non-significant correlation between age and body size was found within each sex in this population. The ANCOVA analysis revealed that females also had larger body size than males when the effect of age was controlled.展开更多
The effect of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient of recycled aggregate concrete subjected to different compressive stresses was investigated.A compression loading setup was both designed and fabricated.The c...The effect of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient of recycled aggregate concrete subjected to different compressive stresses was investigated.A compression loading setup was both designed and fabricated.The chloride diffusion coefficients of recycled aggregate concrete under compressive stresses were measured by the rapid chloride ion migration(RCM)method.The experimental results show that the chloride diffusion coefficients of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)under different compressive stress ratios generally decrease with the increase of curing age.For RAC subjected to the same compressive stress ratios,the chloride diffusion coefficients approximately have power functions with curing ages and the relationship models are proposed.Moreover,the influence of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient firstly decreases and then increases as the compressive stress ratio increases.展开更多
Multistep integration methods are being extensively used in the simulations of high dimensional systems due to their lower computational cost.The block methods were developed with the intent of obtaining numerical res...Multistep integration methods are being extensively used in the simulations of high dimensional systems due to their lower computational cost.The block methods were developed with the intent of obtaining numerical results on numerous points at a time and improving computational efficiency.Hybrid block methods for instance are specifically used in numerical integration of initial value problems.In this paper,an optimized hybrid block Adams block method is designed for the solutions of linear and nonlinear first-order initial value problems in ordinary differential equations(ODEs).In deriving themethod,the Lagrange interpolation polynomial was employed based on some data points to replace the differential equation function and it was integrated over a specified interval.Furthermore,the convergence properties along with the region of stability of the method were examined.It was concluded that the newly derived method is convergent,consistent,and zero-stable.The method was also found to be A-stable implying that it covers the whole of the left/negative half plane.From the numerical computations of absolute errors carried out using the newly derived method,it was found that the method performed better than the ones with which we compared our results with.Themethod also showed its superiority over the existing methods in terms of stability and convergence.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of the Ponseti method for initial correction of neglected clubfoot cases in multiple centers throughout Nigeria.METHODS Patient charts were reviewed through the International Clubfoot...AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of the Ponseti method for initial correction of neglected clubfoot cases in multiple centers throughout Nigeria.METHODS Patient charts were reviewed through the International Clubfoot Registry for 12 different Ponseti clubfoot treatment centers and 328 clubfeet(225 patients) met inclusion criteria. All patients were treated by the method described by Ponseti including manipulation and casting with percutaneous Achilles tenotomy as needed.RESULTS A painless plantigrade foot was obtained in 255 feet(78%) without the need for extensive soft tissue release and/or bony procedures.CONCLUSION We conclude that the Ponseti method is a safe, effective and low-cost treatment for initial correction of neglected idiopathic clubfoot presenting after walking age. Longterm follow-up will be required to assess outcomes.展开更多
In present paper,a study on reconstitution of porcine oocytes by using nuclear transfer with cumulus cells(CC) and fibroblast cells(FC) was carried out.Reconstituted oocytes which were the fusion with CC and showed a ...In present paper,a study on reconstitution of porcine oocytes by using nuclear transfer with cumulus cells(CC) and fibroblast cells(FC) was carried out.Reconstituted oocytes which were the fusion with CC and showed a cleavage rate of 56.7%,developed into morula (11.7%) and blastocysts (6.7%) phases which were higher than those derived from the fusion with FC( P <0.05).The results of this study also involved the effects of oocyte collection method,activation protocol and maturational age of recipient oocytes during the in vitro develpoment of nuclear transfer embryos which were reconstituted with cultured cumulus cells.The cumulus cells synchronized in G 0/G 1 phases through serum starvation culture,were transferred into enuclated oocytes which were collected by aspiration or dissection method and cultured for 33 or 44 h.Reconstituted embryos were activated with a combination of calcium ionophore A23187 or electric pulsation and 6 DMAP,and cultured for 6 days.As for the oocyte collection methods,activation treatment in the presence of cytochalasin B and activation protocols did not affect the developmental rate of embryos reconstituted with 44 h mature recipients.However,the development rate of reconstituted embryos with 33 h mature recipients were significantly higher( P <0.05) by activation with the combination of electric pulsation and 6 DMAP.These results suggest that the reconstituted porcine embryos derived from cultured cumulus cells can develop into the blastocyst stage and that the development of the former could be improved for the reconstitution with young oocyte cytoplast after the activation with the combination of electric pulsation and 6 DMAP.展开更多
Device-based measurements are recommended to improve population-based physical activity(PA)surveillance.1,2However,implementation remains challenging due to lack of consensus on analytical methods,and the most widely ...Device-based measurements are recommended to improve population-based physical activity(PA)surveillance.1,2However,implementation remains challenging due to lack of consensus on analytical methods,and the most widely used“generic”(absolute intensity)cut-point approach has limited generalisability to population-level free-living data.Further,current methods generally fail to account for differences in people's physical capacity.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate if the administration of an enteral diet supplemented with glutamine, arginine and omega-3-fatty acids modulates inflammatory and immune responses after surgery. METHODS: A prospective randomized doub...AIM: To evaluate if the administration of an enteral diet supplemented with glutamine, arginine and omega-3-fatty acids modulates inflammatory and immune responses after surgery. METHODS: A prospective randomized double-blind, clinical trial was performed. Forty-eight patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomized into two groups, one group was given an isocaloric and isonitrogenous standard diet and the other was fed with the supplemented diet with glutamine, arginine and omega-3-fatty acids. Feedings were started within 48 hours after operation, and continued until day 8. All variables were measured before operation and on postoperative day 1 and 8. Immune responses were determined by phagocytosis ability, respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear cells, total lymphocytes lymphocyte subsets, nitric oxide, cytokines concentration, and inflammatory responses by plasma levels of C-reactive protein, prostaglandin E2 level. RESULTS: Tolerance of both formula diets was excellent.There were significant differences in the immunological and inflammatory responses between the two groups. In supplemented group, phagocytosis and respiratory burst after surgery was higher and C-reactive protein level was lower (P【0.01) than in the standard group. The supplemented group had higher levels of nitric oxide, total lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, T-helper cells, and NK cells. Postoperative levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were lower in the supplemented group (P 【0.05). CONCLUSION: It was clearly established in this trial that early postoperative enteral feeding is safe in patients who have undergone major operations for gastrointestinal cancer. Supplementation of enteral nutrition with glutamine, arginine, and omega-3-fatty acids positively modulated postsurgical immunosuppressive and inflammatory responses.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) as the main imaging modality in patients with moderate suspicion of common bile duct stones (CBDS).METHODS: 55 patients with moderate clinical ...AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) as the main imaging modality in patients with moderate suspicion of common bile duct stones (CBDS).METHODS: 55 patients with moderate clinical suspicion of CBDS were prospectively included to the study and evaluated with EUS. This study was done in single blind method in the clinical and biochemical data of patients. EUS was done with echo-endoscope Pentax FG 32-UA (f=5-7,5 MHz) and Hitachi EUB 405 ultrasound machine. Patients diagnosed with CBDS by EUS were excluded from this study and treated with ERC. All the other patients were included to the follow up study obtained by mail every 6 months for clinical evaluation (need of ERC or surgery).RESULTS: CBDS was found in 4 patients by EUS. Diagnosis was confirmed in all cases on ERC. The remaining 51 patients without CBDS on EUS were followed up for 6-26 months (meanly 13 months) There were: 40 women, 42cholecystectomized patients, aged: 55 (mean). Biochemical values (mean values) were as follows: bilirubin: 14,9 μmol.L-1,alkaline phosphatase: 95 IU.L-,1 γ-GTP: 131 IU.L-1, ALT: 50IU.L-1, AST: 49 IU.L-1, Only 1 patient was lost for follow up.In the remaining 50 patients with follow up, there was only 1 (2 %) patient with persistent biliary symptoms in whom CBDS was finally diagnosed by ERC with ES. All other patients remained symptoms free on follow up and did not require ERC or biliary surgery.CONCLUSION: Vast majority of patients with moderate suspicion of CBDS and no stones on EUS with linear array can avoid invasive evaluation of biliary tree with ERC.展开更多
This study deals with the first application of the isotope dilution - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the rhenium-osmium geochronometry in China. The chemical separation procedure included decompositio...This study deals with the first application of the isotope dilution - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the rhenium-osmium geochronometry in China. The chemical separation procedure included decomposition of samples by means of alkali fusion, extraction of rhenium by acetone and extraction of osmium by distillation. The recovery of both elements in the entire process was more than 90% . The blanks of analyses were 0.07 ng for rhenium and 0.01 ng for 187Os. The mineralization ages of molybdenites from four molybdenum deposits in China were determined by using this method, with a precision (2σ)of about ±3% . These results agree satisfactorily with their geological backgrounds. The Re-Os method can directly determine ages of metal deposits and reflect the true ages more reliably than other dating methods that only determine the ages of country rocks from which mineralization ages are inferred. As many hydrothermal sulphide deposits usually contain molybdenites, this method has bright prospects of wide application.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a new definition of symplectic multistep methods. This definition differs from the old ones in that it is given via the one step method defined directly on M which is corresponding to the m s...In this paper, we propose a new definition of symplectic multistep methods. This definition differs from the old ones in that it is given via the one step method defined directly on M which is corresponding to the m step scheme defined on M while the old definitions are given out by defining a corresponding one step method on M × M ×…× M = Mm with a set of new variables. The new definition gives out a steptransition operator g: M → M. Under our new definition, the Leap-frog method is symplectic only for linear Hamiltonian systems. The transition operator g will be constructed via continued fractions and rational approximations.展开更多
文摘Iterative methods based on finite element simulation are effective approaches to design mold shape to compensate springback in sheet metal forming. However, convergence rate of iterative methods is difficult to improve greatly. To increase the springback compensate speed of designing age forming mold, process of calculating springback for a certain mold with finite element method is analyzed. Springback compensation is abstracted as finding a solution for a set of nonlinear functions and a springback compensation algorithm is presented on the basis of quasi Newton method. The accuracy of algorithm is verified by developing an ABAQUS secondary development program with MATLAB. Three rectangular integrated panels of dimensions 710 mmx750 mm integrated panels with intersected ribs of 10 mm are selected to perform case studies. The algorithm is used to compute mold contours for the panels with cylinder, sphere and saddle contours respectively and it takes 57%, 22% and 33% iterations as compared to that of displacement adjustment （DA） method. At the end of iterations, maximum deviations on the three panels are 0.618 4 mm, 0.624 1 mm and 0.342 0 mm that are smaller than the deviations determined by DA method （0.740 8 mm, 0.740 8 mm and 0.713 7 mm respectively）. In following experimental verification, mold contour for another integrated panel with 400 ram^380 mm size is designed by the algorithm. Then the panel is age formed in an autoclave and measured by a three dimensional digital measurement devise. Deviation between measuring results and the panel＇s design contour is less than 1 mm. Finally, the iterations with different mesh sizes （40 mm, 35 mm, 30 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm） in finite element models are compared and found no considerable difference. Another possible compensation method, Broyden-Fletcher-Shanmo method, is also presented based on the solving nonlinear fimctions idea. The Broyden-Fletcher-Shanmo method is employed to compute mold contour for the second panel. It only takes 50% iterations compared to that of DA. The proposed method can serve a faster mold contour compensation method for sheet metal forming.
文摘In this study, a reliable algorithm to develop approximate solutions for the problem of fluid flow over a stretching or shrinking sheet is proposed. It is depicted that the differential transform method (DTM) solutions are only valid for small values of the independent variable. The DTM solutions diverge for some differential equations that extremely have nonlinear behaviors or have boundary-conditions at infinity. For this reason the governing boundary-layer equations are solved by the Multi-step Differential Transform Method (MDTM). The main advantage of this method is that it can be applied directly to nonlinear differential equations without requiring linearization, discretization, or perturbation. It is a semi analytical-numerical technique that formulizes Taylor series in a very different manner. By applying the MDTM the interval of convergence for the series solution is increased. The MDTM is treated as an algorithm in a sequence of intervals for finding accurate approximate solutions for systems of differential equations. It is predicted that the MDTM can be applied to a wide range of engineering applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71961022,11902163,12265020,and 12262024)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant Nos.2019BS01011 and 2022MS01003)+5 种基金2022 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Grassland Talents Project-Young Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents(Mingjing Du)2022 Talent Development Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Ming-Jing Du)the Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Program(Grant No.NJYT-20-B18)the Key Project of High-quality Economic Development Research Base of Yellow River Basin in 2022(Grant No.21HZD03)2022 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region International Science and Technology Cooperation High-end Foreign Experts Introduction Project(Ge Kai)MOE(Ministry of Education in China)Humanities and Social Sciences Foundation(Grants No.20YJC860005).
文摘This paper is aimed at solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation with two small parameters arising from option pricing model in financial economics.The traditional reproducing kernel(RK)method which deals with this problem is very troublesome.This paper proposes a new method by adaptive multi-step piecewise interpolation reproducing kernel(AMPIRK)method for the first time.This method has three obvious advantages which are as follows.Firstly,the piecewise number is reduced.Secondly,the calculation accuracy is improved.Finally,the waste time caused by too many fragments is avoided.Then four numerical examples show that this new method has a higher precision and it is a more timesaving numerical method than the others.The research in this paper provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving time-fractional option pricing model which will play an important role in financial economics.
文摘Rice production in the tidal floodplain of southern Bangladesh is constrained by uncontrolled water. In absence of high yielding varieties suitable for tidal floodplain, farmers grow low yielding indigenous cultivars of tall plant type. This paper reports the effect of agronomic management on the yield and yield components of an indigenous rice cultivar, Sadamota. The trial was conducted in 10 farmers’ plots located widely apart in two upazila (sub-districts)—Jhalakati and Rajapur. 45 d and 60 d old seedlings were transplanted either in rows at 40 cm × 20 cm spacing or following farmers’ traditional practice of random planting. Transplanting 60 d old seedlings produced 14% higher yield compared with 45 d old seedlings. Transplanting in rows also increased grain yield by 12%. The yield increase was associated with hill density, the number of effective tillers per hill and the number of spikelets per panicle.
文摘This paper proposes a new facial beautification method using facial rejuvenation based on the age evolution. Traditional facial beautification methods only focus on the color of skin and deformation and do the transformation based on an experimental standard of beauty. Our method achieves the beauty effect by making facial image looks younger, which is different from traditional methods and is more reasonable than them. Firstly, we decompose the image into different layers and get a detail layer. Secondly, we get an age-related parameter： the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution that the detail layer follows, and the support vector machine （SVM） regression is used to fit a function about the age and the standard deviation. Thirdly, we use this function to estimate the age of input image and generate a new detail layer with a new standard deviation which is calculated by decreasing the age. Lastly, we combine the original layers and the new detail layer to get a new face image. Experimental results show that this algo- rithm can make facial image become more beautiful by facial rejuvenation. The proposed method opens up a new way about facial beautification, and there are great potentials for applications.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2009AA04Z404)
文摘This paper employs a multi-parameter multi-step chaos control method, which is built up on the OGY method, to stabilize desirable UPOs of a gear system with elastomeric web as a high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic system, and the analyses are carried out. Three types of relations between components of a certain control parameter combination are defined in a certain control process. Special emphasis is put on the comparison of control efficiencies of the multi-parameter multi-step method and single-parameter multi-step method. The numerical experiments show the ability to switch between different orbits and the method can be a good chaos control alternative since it provides a more effective UPOs stabilization of high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic systems than the single-parameter chaos control, and according to the relation between components of each parameter combination, the best combination for chaos control in a certain UPO stabilization process are obtained.
文摘As in other countries of West Africa, Benin has a low rate of MCM utilization. The factors which lead to this low rate of use vary from one country to another. Purpose: The purpose of this work was to determine the factors associated with the use of modern contraceptive method (MCM) by women of childbearing age (WCBA) in Parakou in 2017. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional and descriptive study with an analytical purpose among WCBA selected in households of the municipality of Parakou after a 2-degree cluster survey. Results: The WCBA’s average age was 29 ± 5.6 years old with extremes of 15 and 46 years. The modern contraceptive prevalence was 14.74%. Among WCBA, 57.14% had an average level of knowledge. The media were the main source of information (75.84%). Among them 34.39% never discussed the matter with their spouse;the latter were not in favor of contraception. The educational level, the perception of woman, the spouse’s favorable opinion, the discussion with the spouse, the level of knowledge of MCM and the knowledge of the existence of FP service were significantly associated with the use of MCM with p = 0.0000 after multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The level of MCM use still remains low. Any effort to increase the modern contraceptive prevalence should take into account its associated factors in order to optimize the use of MCM in the municipality of Parakou in 2017.
文摘An Alternating Group Explicit (AGE) iterative method with intrinsic parallelism is constructed based on an implicit scheme for the Regularized Long-Wave (RLW) equation. The method can be used for the iteration solution of a general tridiagonal system of equations with diagonal dominance. It is not only easy to implement, but also can directly carry out parallel computation. Convergence results are obtained by analysing the linear system. Numerical experiments show that the theory is accurate and the scheme is valid and reliable.
基金This study was undertaken as a project for National Key Technology R&D Program for the 12th Five-year Plan(China) "Breeding and Selection of New Variety with High Yield and High Resistance of Eucalyptus"(2012BAD01B04-1)Special Fund for Forestry Industry Research in the Public Interest "Project of Veneer Variety Breeding and Cultivation Model Optimization for Eucalyptus"(201104003-07)
文摘We assessed growth traits and wood properties ofDH32-29, a clone of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis, at age of two to six years in Guangdong in China. Analysis of variance of studied traits showed that there were significant differences （1% level） on all studied traits among ages except for wood basic density. Analysis of age trends of growth traits and wood properties revealed that rotation length of DH32-29 should be more than six years or longer. Phenotypic correlations among traits at individual ages indicated that correlations between growth traits were strongly positive. There was significant change in relationship between growth and wood basic density with increasing age, ranging from -0.03 to -0.54 at 2 and 5 year and 0.003 to 0.3 at 3, 4 and 6 year. Correlations between Pilodyn pin penetration and basic density measured on increment cores showed that Pilodyn could rank or group genotypes or sites into density classes, but failure to predict individual tree and individual clone.
基金Project(2012CB725402)supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(51338003,50908051)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The techniques to forecast available parking space(APS) are indispensable components for parking guidance systems(PGS). According to the data collected in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the changing characteristics of APS were studied. Thereafter, aiming to build up a multi-step APS forecasting model that provides richer information than a conventional one-step model, the largest Lyapunov exponents(largest LEs) method was introduced into PGS. By experimental tests conducted using the same dataset, its prediction performance was compared with traditional wavelet neural network(WNN) method in both one-step and multi-step processes. Based on the results, a new multi-step forecasting model called WNN-LE method was proposed, where WNN, which enjoys a more accurate performance along with a better learning ability in short-term forecasting, was applied in the early forecast steps while the Lyapunov exponent prediction method in the latter steps precisely reflect the chaotic feature in latter forecast period. The MSE of APS forecasting for one hour time period can be reduced from 83.1 to 27.1(in a parking building with 492 berths) by using largest LEs method instead of WNN and further reduced to 19.0 by conducted the new method.
基金Financial support was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101633)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education)+1 种基金China West Normal UniversityChina (XNYB01-3).
文摘We used skeletochronology to estimate age structure of the Omei Wood Frog, Rana omeimontis, from southwestern China.Average age differed significantly between males and females.Age at sexual maturity in both males and females was 1 year. Longevity was 6 and 7 years for males and females, respectively. Average body size differed significantly between the sexes, with females being larger than males. A non-significant correlation between age and body size was found within each sex in this population. The ANCOVA analysis revealed that females also had larger body size than males when the effect of age was controlled.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFoundation of Graduate Innovation Center in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (No.kfjj20150105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51279074)
文摘The effect of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient of recycled aggregate concrete subjected to different compressive stresses was investigated.A compression loading setup was both designed and fabricated.The chloride diffusion coefficients of recycled aggregate concrete under compressive stresses were measured by the rapid chloride ion migration(RCM)method.The experimental results show that the chloride diffusion coefficients of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)under different compressive stress ratios generally decrease with the increase of curing age.For RAC subjected to the same compressive stress ratios,the chloride diffusion coefficients approximately have power functions with curing ages and the relationship models are proposed.Moreover,the influence of curing age on chloride diffusion coefficient firstly decreases and then increases as the compressive stress ratio increases.
基金This research was funded by Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)under the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia,grant number with project ref:FRGS/1/2019/STG06/UTP/03/2.
文摘Multistep integration methods are being extensively used in the simulations of high dimensional systems due to their lower computational cost.The block methods were developed with the intent of obtaining numerical results on numerous points at a time and improving computational efficiency.Hybrid block methods for instance are specifically used in numerical integration of initial value problems.In this paper,an optimized hybrid block Adams block method is designed for the solutions of linear and nonlinear first-order initial value problems in ordinary differential equations(ODEs).In deriving themethod,the Lagrange interpolation polynomial was employed based on some data points to replace the differential equation function and it was integrated over a specified interval.Furthermore,the convergence properties along with the region of stability of the method were examined.It was concluded that the newly derived method is convergent,consistent,and zero-stable.The method was also found to be A-stable implying that it covers the whole of the left/negative half plane.From the numerical computations of absolute errors carried out using the newly derived method,it was found that the method performed better than the ones with which we compared our results with.Themethod also showed its superiority over the existing methods in terms of stability and convergence.
文摘AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of the Ponseti method for initial correction of neglected clubfoot cases in multiple centers throughout Nigeria.METHODS Patient charts were reviewed through the International Clubfoot Registry for 12 different Ponseti clubfoot treatment centers and 328 clubfeet(225 patients) met inclusion criteria. All patients were treated by the method described by Ponseti including manipulation and casting with percutaneous Achilles tenotomy as needed.RESULTS A painless plantigrade foot was obtained in 255 feet(78%) without the need for extensive soft tissue release and/or bony procedures.CONCLUSION We conclude that the Ponseti method is a safe, effective and low-cost treatment for initial correction of neglected idiopathic clubfoot presenting after walking age. Longterm follow-up will be required to assess outcomes.
文摘In present paper,a study on reconstitution of porcine oocytes by using nuclear transfer with cumulus cells(CC) and fibroblast cells(FC) was carried out.Reconstituted oocytes which were the fusion with CC and showed a cleavage rate of 56.7%,developed into morula (11.7%) and blastocysts (6.7%) phases which were higher than those derived from the fusion with FC( P <0.05).The results of this study also involved the effects of oocyte collection method,activation protocol and maturational age of recipient oocytes during the in vitro develpoment of nuclear transfer embryos which were reconstituted with cultured cumulus cells.The cumulus cells synchronized in G 0/G 1 phases through serum starvation culture,were transferred into enuclated oocytes which were collected by aspiration or dissection method and cultured for 33 or 44 h.Reconstituted embryos were activated with a combination of calcium ionophore A23187 or electric pulsation and 6 DMAP,and cultured for 6 days.As for the oocyte collection methods,activation treatment in the presence of cytochalasin B and activation protocols did not affect the developmental rate of embryos reconstituted with 44 h mature recipients.However,the development rate of reconstituted embryos with 33 h mature recipients were significantly higher( P <0.05) by activation with the combination of electric pulsation and 6 DMAP.These results suggest that the reconstituted porcine embryos derived from cultured cumulus cells can develop into the blastocyst stage and that the development of the former could be improved for the reconstitution with young oocyte cytoplast after the activation with the combination of electric pulsation and 6 DMAP.
文摘Device-based measurements are recommended to improve population-based physical activity(PA)surveillance.1,2However,implementation remains challenging due to lack of consensus on analytical methods,and the most widely used“generic”(absolute intensity)cut-point approach has limited generalisability to population-level free-living data.Further,current methods generally fail to account for differences in people's physical capacity.
文摘AIM: To evaluate if the administration of an enteral diet supplemented with glutamine, arginine and omega-3-fatty acids modulates inflammatory and immune responses after surgery. METHODS: A prospective randomized double-blind, clinical trial was performed. Forty-eight patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomized into two groups, one group was given an isocaloric and isonitrogenous standard diet and the other was fed with the supplemented diet with glutamine, arginine and omega-3-fatty acids. Feedings were started within 48 hours after operation, and continued until day 8. All variables were measured before operation and on postoperative day 1 and 8. Immune responses were determined by phagocytosis ability, respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear cells, total lymphocytes lymphocyte subsets, nitric oxide, cytokines concentration, and inflammatory responses by plasma levels of C-reactive protein, prostaglandin E2 level. RESULTS: Tolerance of both formula diets was excellent.There were significant differences in the immunological and inflammatory responses between the two groups. In supplemented group, phagocytosis and respiratory burst after surgery was higher and C-reactive protein level was lower (P【0.01) than in the standard group. The supplemented group had higher levels of nitric oxide, total lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, T-helper cells, and NK cells. Postoperative levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were lower in the supplemented group (P 【0.05). CONCLUSION: It was clearly established in this trial that early postoperative enteral feeding is safe in patients who have undergone major operations for gastrointestinal cancer. Supplementation of enteral nutrition with glutamine, arginine, and omega-3-fatty acids positively modulated postsurgical immunosuppressive and inflammatory responses.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) as the main imaging modality in patients with moderate suspicion of common bile duct stones (CBDS).METHODS: 55 patients with moderate clinical suspicion of CBDS were prospectively included to the study and evaluated with EUS. This study was done in single blind method in the clinical and biochemical data of patients. EUS was done with echo-endoscope Pentax FG 32-UA (f=5-7,5 MHz) and Hitachi EUB 405 ultrasound machine. Patients diagnosed with CBDS by EUS were excluded from this study and treated with ERC. All the other patients were included to the follow up study obtained by mail every 6 months for clinical evaluation (need of ERC or surgery).RESULTS: CBDS was found in 4 patients by EUS. Diagnosis was confirmed in all cases on ERC. The remaining 51 patients without CBDS on EUS were followed up for 6-26 months (meanly 13 months) There were: 40 women, 42cholecystectomized patients, aged: 55 (mean). Biochemical values (mean values) were as follows: bilirubin: 14,9 μmol.L-1,alkaline phosphatase: 95 IU.L-,1 γ-GTP: 131 IU.L-1, ALT: 50IU.L-1, AST: 49 IU.L-1, Only 1 patient was lost for follow up.In the remaining 50 patients with follow up, there was only 1 (2 %) patient with persistent biliary symptoms in whom CBDS was finally diagnosed by ERC with ES. All other patients remained symptoms free on follow up and did not require ERC or biliary surgery.CONCLUSION: Vast majority of patients with moderate suspicion of CBDS and no stones on EUS with linear array can avoid invasive evaluation of biliary tree with ERC.
基金This research was supported jointly by the Foundation for Development of Geological Science and Technology (Project No. 49173164)
文摘This study deals with the first application of the isotope dilution - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the rhenium-osmium geochronometry in China. The chemical separation procedure included decomposition of samples by means of alkali fusion, extraction of rhenium by acetone and extraction of osmium by distillation. The recovery of both elements in the entire process was more than 90% . The blanks of analyses were 0.07 ng for rhenium and 0.01 ng for 187Os. The mineralization ages of molybdenites from four molybdenum deposits in China were determined by using this method, with a precision (2σ)of about ±3% . These results agree satisfactorily with their geological backgrounds. The Re-Os method can directly determine ages of metal deposits and reflect the true ages more reliably than other dating methods that only determine the ages of country rocks from which mineralization ages are inferred. As many hydrothermal sulphide deposits usually contain molybdenites, this method has bright prospects of wide application.
文摘In this paper, we propose a new definition of symplectic multistep methods. This definition differs from the old ones in that it is given via the one step method defined directly on M which is corresponding to the m step scheme defined on M while the old definitions are given out by defining a corresponding one step method on M × M ×…× M = Mm with a set of new variables. The new definition gives out a steptransition operator g: M → M. Under our new definition, the Leap-frog method is symplectic only for linear Hamiltonian systems. The transition operator g will be constructed via continued fractions and rational approximations.
