This case study describes the care provided to a female patient with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who presented to the emergency department (ED). While people with borderline personality disorder use emergenc...This case study describes the care provided to a female patient with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who presented to the emergency department (ED). While people with borderline personality disorder use emergency services frequently, clinicians often face difficulties when providing medical and behavioral services to these patients. It may be difficult for nurse practitioners to determine if a patient with BPD who presents to the ED in crisis should be admitted, medicated, observed, or discharged. Self-harm is frequently confused with suicide attempts, which can result in unnecessary hospitalizations. This case study seeks to examine the proper management and difficulties encountered by healthcare providers in managing crises involving individuals with BPD in ED settings. The case study underscores the significance of thorough evaluation, recognition of BPD characteristics, active engagement in treatment, the therapeutic alliance, and the emphasis on interpersonal connections and stressors alongside the utilization of psychopharmacology.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the distribution of health literacy(HL)levels and the association of HL with proactive personality in patients with permanent colostomy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure...Objective:To investigate the distribution of health literacy(HL)levels and the association of HL with proactive personality in patients with permanent colostomy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure proactive personality and HL using validated scales.A total of 172 patients with permanent colostomy were selected from January 2021 to May 2022 in Yantai City,China.Descriptive statistics,t-test,ANOVA,Pearson correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis techniques were used.Results:The results obtained from the study showed that the HL status of the participants was moderate.The correlation between participants’total HL scores and proactive personality scores was 0.417(P-value<0.001).In addition,HL showed statistically significant differences according to education level,place of residence,profession,and average monthly household income.Conclusions:This study showed that patients with higher proactive personality scores had higher HL.The key stakeholders require several positive strategies to improve the HL of patients with permanent colostomy by cultivating their proactive personalities,and these important policies will help to improve patient health and quality of life.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermato...Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.展开更多
This paper introduces a cutting-edge framework for personalized chronic pain management,leveraging the power of artificial intelligence(AI)and personality insights.It explores the intricate relationship between person...This paper introduces a cutting-edge framework for personalized chronic pain management,leveraging the power of artificial intelligence(AI)and personality insights.It explores the intricate relationship between personality traits and pain perception,expression,and management,identifying key correlations that influence an individual’s experience of pain.By integrating personality psychology with AI-driven personality assessment,this framework offers a novel approach to tailoring chronic pain management strategies for each patient’s unique personality profile.It highlights the relevance of well-established personality theories such as the Big Five and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)in shaping personalized pain management plans.Additionally,the paper introduces multimodal AI-driven personality assessment,emphasizing the ethical considerations and data collection processes necessary for its implementation.Through illustrative case studies,the paper exemplifies how this framework can lead to more effective and patient-centered pain relief,ultimately enhancing overall well-being.In conclusion,the paper positions the need of an“AI-Powered Holistic Pain Management Initiative”which has the potential to transform chronic pain management by providing personalized,data-driven solutions and create a multifaceted research impact influencing clinical practice,patient outcomes,healthcare policy,and the broader scientific community’s understanding of personalized medicine and AI-driven interventions.展开更多
Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain ...Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.展开更多
Personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human resources.Tra-...Personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human resources.Tra-ditional machine learning techniques have been broadly employed for personality trait identification;nevertheless,the development of new technologies based on deep learning has led to new opportunities to improve their performance.This study focuses on the capabilities of pre-trained language models such as BERT,RoBERTa,ALBERT,ELECTRA,ERNIE,or XLNet,to deal with the task of personality recognition.These models are able to capture structural features from textual content and comprehend a multitude of language facets and complex features such as hierarchical relationships or long-term dependencies.This makes them suitable to classify multi-label personality traits from reviews while mitigating computational costs.The focus of this approach centers on developing an architecture based on different layers able to capture the semantic context and structural features from texts.Moreover,it is able to fine-tune the previous models using the MyPersonality dataset,which comprises 9,917 status updates contributed by 250 Facebook users.These status updates are categorized according to the well-known Big Five personality model,setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of personality traits.To test the proposal,a set of experiments have been performed using different metrics such as the exact match ratio,hamming loss,zero-one-loss,precision,recall,F1-score,and weighted averages.The results reveal ERNIE is the top-performing model,achieving an exact match ratio of 72.32%,an accuracy rate of 87.17%,and 84.41%of F1-score.The findings demonstrate that the tested models substantially outperform other state-of-the-art studies,enhancing the accuracy by at least 3%and confirming them as powerful tools for personality recognition.These findings represent substantial advancements in personality recognition,making them appropriate for the development of user-centric applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder(BD)is a severe mental illness.BD often coexists with borderline personality disorders,making the condition more complex.AIM To explore the differences in cognitive impairment between patien...BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder(BD)is a severe mental illness.BD often coexists with borderline personality disorders,making the condition more complex.AIM To explore the differences in cognitive impairment between patients with BD and those with BD comorbid with borderline personality disorder.METHODS Eighty patients with BD and comorbid borderline personality disorder and 80 patients with BD alone were included in groups A and B,respectively,and 80 healthy volunteers were included as controls.Cognitive function in each group was evaluated using the Chinese version of the repeatable battery for the assess-ment of neuropsychological status(RBANS),the Stroop color-word test,and the Wechsler intelligence scale-revised(WAIS-RC).RESULTS The indices of the RBANS,Stroop color-word test,and WAIS-RC in groups A and B were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Group A had significantly longer Stroop color-word test times for single-character,single-color,double-character,and double-color,lower scores of immediate memory,visual breadth,verbal function dimensions and total score of the RBANS,as well as lower scores of verbal IQ,performance IQ,and overall IQ of the WAIS-RC compared with group B(P<0.05).Compared to group B,group A exhibited significantly longer single-character time,single-color time,double-character time,and double-color time in the Stroop color-word test(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The cognitive function of patients with BD complicated with borderline personality disorder is lower than that of patients with BD.展开更多
The pervasive existence of subordination in the work-place endows workers’personality rights with a distinct specificity that differs from other civil subjects.The specificity of workers’personality rights is primar...The pervasive existence of subordination in the work-place endows workers’personality rights with a distinct specificity that differs from other civil subjects.The specificity of workers’personality rights is primarily manifested in three aspects:the exercise of rights is restricted by the employer;personality rights infringements often accompany violations of workers’economic property rights;and the scope of rights is not limited to the duration of employment.To respond to the specificity arising in the labor domain,certain disputes concerning workers’personality rights should be handled through labor dispute resolution procedures.In individual cases,judicial authorities should differentiate among protection levels based on the specific type of personality rights involved,with a focus on examining the reasons,methods,and extent of the employer’s restrictive actions,thereby establishing a practical and reasonable review system.。展开更多
Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focu...Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focus on examining age groups differences. The study sample included 378,500 respondents derived from the seventh data wave of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The physical health status of older Europeans was estimated by constructing an index considering the combined effect of well-established health indicators such as the number of chronic diseases, mobility limitations, limitations with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and self-perceived health. This index was used for an overall physical health assessment, for which the higher the score for an individual, the worst health level. Then, through a dichotomization process applied to the retrieved Principal Component Analysis scores, a two-group discrimination (good or bad health status) of SHARE participants was obtained as regards their physical health condition, allowing for further con-structing logistic regression models to assess the predictive significance of “Big Five” and their protective role for physical health. Results showed that neuroti-cism was the most significant predictor of physical health for all age groups un-der consideration, while extraversion, agreeableness and openness were not found to significantly affect the self-reported physical health levels of midlife adults aged 50 up to 64. Older adults aged 65 up to 79 were more prone to open-ness, whereas the oldest old individuals aged 80 up to 105 were mainly affected by openness and conscientiousness. .展开更多
Personality refers to the integration of feelings, thoughts, and behaviors specific to individual. The fact that personality has a distinguishing feature among individuals explains different behaviors of individuals a...Personality refers to the integration of feelings, thoughts, and behaviors specific to individual. The fact that personality has a distinguishing feature among individuals explains different behaviors of individuals against events and situations. This arises from the fact that personality is specific to individual and is affected by the effects of many factors with which it interacts, and from the integration of them. In this context, this research is based on the hypothesis that there is a relationship between vocs.tionai school students＇ demographic features including their family, socio-culture, geographical environments （gender, age, department, grade, parental education, number of siblings, birth order in the family, and the family＇s income levels）, and the personality profiles. The research was carded out as part of five-factor model of personality in an attempt to determine whether vocational school students＇ personality profiles vary according to demographic variables and to reveal the relationship between them. The research sample consisted of 220 students selected from the students studying in Altmta~ Vocational School in the Spring Term of the 2013-2014 Academic Year. Data were analyzed via SPSS 15.0 statistical package program by performing t-test, analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis. While a significant difference was found between students＇ five-factor personality profiles according to gender, age, department, average, father＇s education, and the number of siblings, no significant difference was found among grade, mother＇s education, birth order in the family, and income levels. Moreover, independent variables affecting students＇ academic averages were determined as a result of the logistic regression analysis.展开更多
The research introduced the application of Personality Style Inventory on two levels of educational leaders: K12 level and higher education level, including both American and Chinese school leaders. Through comparing ...The research introduced the application of Personality Style Inventory on two levels of educational leaders: K12 level and higher education level, including both American and Chinese school leaders. Through comparing and contrasting of personality types at different levels, it is revealed that educational leaders in different levels have different personal characteristics and the researcher tries to find out how the Personality Style Inventory can improve the leadership practice.展开更多
BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disord...BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder(OCPD).In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral purity.Disgust and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality traits.We expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of PE.AIM To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls(HC)and to evaluate the relationship between PE and disgust.METHODS A single-center,case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.The sample consisted of 129 subjects:45 OCPD patients and 84 HC.In both groups we submitted the Disgust Scale Revised(DS-R)and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of PE.In order to verify differences between groups,t-test was employed for continuous variables and 2 test for categorical variable;odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE survey.Correlation was explored with Pearson r correlations.RESULTS No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education.A slight significant difference was found in mean age(t=1.988;P=0.049).The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC(OR:5.3,2.28-12.46).Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE(n=36;80%)whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group(n=36;42.9%).Interestingly,no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the Disgust Scale.There was also no difference between the two groups in any of the Disgust Scale Revised subscales.Moreover,no significant correlations were observed in the OCPD group between PE and Disgust Scale Revised subscales.CONCLUSION Results suggested that PE might be part of the clinical spectrum of OCPD,and it does not reflect the counterpart of disgust.This could also indicate that this phenomenon is a manifestation of orderliness or incompleteness.Further studies will need to be undertaken to better understand PE and its significance in OCPD.展开更多
Psychosis has increasingly become a social problem,emphasizing the need to understand the relationship between mental disorders and personality.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental disorders...Psychosis has increasingly become a social problem,emphasizing the need to understand the relationship between mental disorders and personality.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental disorders and personality among psychiatric outpatients based on real-world data.Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)were used to evaluate the personality and psychopathological symptoms of patients(n=8409)in the Psychiatric Outpatient Department at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital.t-test was used to compare scores between patients and national norms.Pearson’s correlation coefficient and path analysis were used to explore the relationship between mental health status and personality.The correlation coefficient between the neuroticism(N)score and each factor score of the SCL-90 test,as well as the correlation between psychoticism(P)and hostility and paranoia,exceeded 0.4.Path analysis revealed that the standardized path coefficients of N score and SCL-90 were all higher than 0.4.In addition,the standardized path coefficient of hostility and paranoia on P score were 0.313 and 0.280,respectively.Interpersonal sensitivity,depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were affected by extraversion(E)score,with standardized path coefficients of-0.149,-0.138,and-0.105,respectively.The path analysis also showed the direct and indirect effects of age,gender,education,and marital status on SCL-90.Patients characterized as melancholic had higher scores in all factors of SCL-90.In conclusion,mental health was related to personality traits of neuroticism,psychoticism and introversion.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the personality traits of physical education teachers working in secondary schools in Istanbul. The research was conducted in accordance with screening ...The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the personality traits of physical education teachers working in secondary schools in Istanbul. The research was conducted in accordance with screening model. The research group is formed by physical education teachers who are working in public and private secondary schools which are connected to the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul in 2012-2013 academic years. Among the participants, 36.8% is formed by female physical education teachers, and 63.2% is formed by male physical education teachers. PERI （personality inventory） short form is used. PERI is formed by five subcomponents： openness to experience, sense of responsibility, extroversion, coherence and emotional stability. Assessment instrument was applied to participants with the face-to-face technique by the researcher. Findings were obtained by using T Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney U Test in the analysis of research data. Consequently, it is understood that physical education teachers had low scores on emotional stability personality traits and so they were not adequate. In openness to experience, extroversion, coherence and sense of responsibility subcomponents, it is understood that they had higher scores and they were adequate. Besides, there is no significant difference found between gender, school type and years of service variables and personality traits （P 〈 0.05）.展开更多
In order to improve the efficiency and quality of service composition,a service composition algorithm based on semantic constraint is proposed.First, a user’s requirements and services from a service repository are c...In order to improve the efficiency and quality of service composition,a service composition algorithm based on semantic constraint is proposed.First, a user’s requirements and services from a service repository are compared with the help of a matching algorithm.The algorithm has two levels and filters out the services which do not match the user’s constraint personality requirements.The mechanism can reduce the searching scope at the beginning of the service composition algorithm.Secondly,satisfactions of those selected services for the user’s personality requirements are computed and those services,which have the greatest satisfaction value to make up the service composition,are used.The algorithm is evaluated analytically and experimentally based on the efficiency of service composition and satisfaction for the user’s personality requirements.展开更多
In Martin Eden,the development of the relationship between Martin and Ruth falls into three stages.During the first stage of their acquaintance,Ruth’s ego and super-ego vanquish her id transitorily.In the second stag...In Martin Eden,the development of the relationship between Martin and Ruth falls into three stages.During the first stage of their acquaintance,Ruth’s ego and super-ego vanquish her id transitorily.In the second stage of intimacy,Ruth is strongly manipulated by her super-ego that mainly originates from her Electra complex.Consequently,she attempts to re-mould Martin in the shape of her father,but in vain.When it comes to the third stage of relationship break-down,obliged to moralities and norms,Ruth chooses to end their relationships.展开更多
A very successful image of feminism is created in this novel:Jane Eyre,written by Charlotte Bronte.Jane Eyre grows up from a penniless and pathetic girl into a totally independent new woman economically and emotionall...A very successful image of feminism is created in this novel:Jane Eyre,written by Charlotte Bronte.Jane Eyre grows up from a penniless and pathetic girl into a totally independent new woman economically and emotionally.This essay will introduce the background and the purpose of writing Jane Eyre,then take the independent personality of Jane Eyre as the main body and explore her feminist consciousness,end with some enlightenment from the independent personality in Jane Eyre.展开更多
The formation of personality comes from people’s choices and pursuit of self-realization,which is influenced by objective factors but not determined by them,so personality does not belong to the domain of objectivity...The formation of personality comes from people’s choices and pursuit of self-realization,which is influenced by objective factors but not determined by them,so personality does not belong to the domain of objectivity.The concept of general personality rights in the German Constitution was initially premised on the objective determinability in the field of personality,but in constitutional jurisprudence,it gradually shifted to something with individual autonomy as the core and personal self-realization as the goal,and the scope of relevant rights expanded accordingly,so that they could not be clearly distinguished from general freedom of action and thus became the general principle of constitutional rights.The protection of constitutional personality rights in the United States and Japan can also confirm this process,providing evidence for the constitutional nature of personality rights.Deeper research shows that constitutional personality rights actually manifest the highest value of modern constitutions—human dignity.In contrast,the theoretical justification of personality rights in civil law just lies in the objectivity and defensive nature of personality elements.展开更多
This paper sheds light on the Iraqi personality in light of writings of the Iraqi eminent sociologist Dr. Ali Al-Wardi and gives a critical review to his main findings and hypotheses. Al-Wardi was the main person who ...This paper sheds light on the Iraqi personality in light of writings of the Iraqi eminent sociologist Dr. Ali Al-Wardi and gives a critical review to his main findings and hypotheses. Al-Wardi was the main person who established the first department of sociology in Iraq and the spiritual father or the real father of sociology in the country. He wrote prestigious works about the Iraqi society including some hypotheses focusing on the Iraqi personality, such as the dual personality and social dissonance. These findings and hypotheses are not above criticism of course. The method we depend on here is the content analysis methodology. The paper consists of seven parts; part one is the introduction which includes a short glimpse on the subject and A1-Wardi＇s methodology. Part two deals with Al-Wardi and studying Iraqi personality. Part three, discusses the dual personality, and part four, the social dissonance. Part five, exposures tackling the problem where Al-Wardi suggests some points. Part six deals with the discussion. Finally, there is a conclusion under the part seven.展开更多
文摘This case study describes the care provided to a female patient with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who presented to the emergency department (ED). While people with borderline personality disorder use emergency services frequently, clinicians often face difficulties when providing medical and behavioral services to these patients. It may be difficult for nurse practitioners to determine if a patient with BPD who presents to the ED in crisis should be admitted, medicated, observed, or discharged. Self-harm is frequently confused with suicide attempts, which can result in unnecessary hospitalizations. This case study seeks to examine the proper management and difficulties encountered by healthcare providers in managing crises involving individuals with BPD in ED settings. The case study underscores the significance of thorough evaluation, recognition of BPD characteristics, active engagement in treatment, the therapeutic alliance, and the emphasis on interpersonal connections and stressors alongside the utilization of psychopharmacology.
文摘Objective:To investigate the distribution of health literacy(HL)levels and the association of HL with proactive personality in patients with permanent colostomy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure proactive personality and HL using validated scales.A total of 172 patients with permanent colostomy were selected from January 2021 to May 2022 in Yantai City,China.Descriptive statistics,t-test,ANOVA,Pearson correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis techniques were used.Results:The results obtained from the study showed that the HL status of the participants was moderate.The correlation between participants’total HL scores and proactive personality scores was 0.417(P-value<0.001).In addition,HL showed statistically significant differences according to education level,place of residence,profession,and average monthly household income.Conclusions:This study showed that patients with higher proactive personality scores had higher HL.The key stakeholders require several positive strategies to improve the HL of patients with permanent colostomy by cultivating their proactive personalities,and these important policies will help to improve patient health and quality of life.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.
文摘This paper introduces a cutting-edge framework for personalized chronic pain management,leveraging the power of artificial intelligence(AI)and personality insights.It explores the intricate relationship between personality traits and pain perception,expression,and management,identifying key correlations that influence an individual’s experience of pain.By integrating personality psychology with AI-driven personality assessment,this framework offers a novel approach to tailoring chronic pain management strategies for each patient’s unique personality profile.It highlights the relevance of well-established personality theories such as the Big Five and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)in shaping personalized pain management plans.Additionally,the paper introduces multimodal AI-driven personality assessment,emphasizing the ethical considerations and data collection processes necessary for its implementation.Through illustrative case studies,the paper exemplifies how this framework can lead to more effective and patient-centered pain relief,ultimately enhancing overall well-being.In conclusion,the paper positions the need of an“AI-Powered Holistic Pain Management Initiative”which has the potential to transform chronic pain management by providing personalized,data-driven solutions and create a multifaceted research impact influencing clinical practice,patient outcomes,healthcare policy,and the broader scientific community’s understanding of personalized medicine and AI-driven interventions.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 32071491, 31772465, 31672299, 31572271, and 32260128)the Natural Sciences Foundation of the Tibetan (XZ202101ZR0051G)。
文摘Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.
基金This work has been partially supported by FEDER and the State Research Agency(AEI)of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competition under Grant SAFER:PID2019-104735RB-C42(AEI/FEDER,UE)the General Subdirection for Gambling Regulation of the Spanish ConsumptionMinistry under the Grant Detec-EMO:SUBV23/00010the Project PLEC2021-007681 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.
文摘Personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human resources.Tra-ditional machine learning techniques have been broadly employed for personality trait identification;nevertheless,the development of new technologies based on deep learning has led to new opportunities to improve their performance.This study focuses on the capabilities of pre-trained language models such as BERT,RoBERTa,ALBERT,ELECTRA,ERNIE,or XLNet,to deal with the task of personality recognition.These models are able to capture structural features from textual content and comprehend a multitude of language facets and complex features such as hierarchical relationships or long-term dependencies.This makes them suitable to classify multi-label personality traits from reviews while mitigating computational costs.The focus of this approach centers on developing an architecture based on different layers able to capture the semantic context and structural features from texts.Moreover,it is able to fine-tune the previous models using the MyPersonality dataset,which comprises 9,917 status updates contributed by 250 Facebook users.These status updates are categorized according to the well-known Big Five personality model,setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of personality traits.To test the proposal,a set of experiments have been performed using different metrics such as the exact match ratio,hamming loss,zero-one-loss,precision,recall,F1-score,and weighted averages.The results reveal ERNIE is the top-performing model,achieving an exact match ratio of 72.32%,an accuracy rate of 87.17%,and 84.41%of F1-score.The findings demonstrate that the tested models substantially outperform other state-of-the-art studies,enhancing the accuracy by at least 3%and confirming them as powerful tools for personality recognition.These findings represent substantial advancements in personality recognition,making them appropriate for the development of user-centric applications.
基金Hebei Province Medical Science Research Project,No.20221407.
文摘BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder(BD)is a severe mental illness.BD often coexists with borderline personality disorders,making the condition more complex.AIM To explore the differences in cognitive impairment between patients with BD and those with BD comorbid with borderline personality disorder.METHODS Eighty patients with BD and comorbid borderline personality disorder and 80 patients with BD alone were included in groups A and B,respectively,and 80 healthy volunteers were included as controls.Cognitive function in each group was evaluated using the Chinese version of the repeatable battery for the assess-ment of neuropsychological status(RBANS),the Stroop color-word test,and the Wechsler intelligence scale-revised(WAIS-RC).RESULTS The indices of the RBANS,Stroop color-word test,and WAIS-RC in groups A and B were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Group A had significantly longer Stroop color-word test times for single-character,single-color,double-character,and double-color,lower scores of immediate memory,visual breadth,verbal function dimensions and total score of the RBANS,as well as lower scores of verbal IQ,performance IQ,and overall IQ of the WAIS-RC compared with group B(P<0.05).Compared to group B,group A exhibited significantly longer single-character time,single-color time,double-character time,and double-color time in the Stroop color-word test(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The cognitive function of patients with BD complicated with borderline personality disorder is lower than that of patients with BD.
文摘The pervasive existence of subordination in the work-place endows workers’personality rights with a distinct specificity that differs from other civil subjects.The specificity of workers’personality rights is primarily manifested in three aspects:the exercise of rights is restricted by the employer;personality rights infringements often accompany violations of workers’economic property rights;and the scope of rights is not limited to the duration of employment.To respond to the specificity arising in the labor domain,certain disputes concerning workers’personality rights should be handled through labor dispute resolution procedures.In individual cases,judicial authorities should differentiate among protection levels based on the specific type of personality rights involved,with a focus on examining the reasons,methods,and extent of the employer’s restrictive actions,thereby establishing a practical and reasonable review system.。
文摘Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focus on examining age groups differences. The study sample included 378,500 respondents derived from the seventh data wave of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The physical health status of older Europeans was estimated by constructing an index considering the combined effect of well-established health indicators such as the number of chronic diseases, mobility limitations, limitations with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and self-perceived health. This index was used for an overall physical health assessment, for which the higher the score for an individual, the worst health level. Then, through a dichotomization process applied to the retrieved Principal Component Analysis scores, a two-group discrimination (good or bad health status) of SHARE participants was obtained as regards their physical health condition, allowing for further con-structing logistic regression models to assess the predictive significance of “Big Five” and their protective role for physical health. Results showed that neuroti-cism was the most significant predictor of physical health for all age groups un-der consideration, while extraversion, agreeableness and openness were not found to significantly affect the self-reported physical health levels of midlife adults aged 50 up to 64. Older adults aged 65 up to 79 were more prone to open-ness, whereas the oldest old individuals aged 80 up to 105 were mainly affected by openness and conscientiousness. .
文摘Personality refers to the integration of feelings, thoughts, and behaviors specific to individual. The fact that personality has a distinguishing feature among individuals explains different behaviors of individuals against events and situations. This arises from the fact that personality is specific to individual and is affected by the effects of many factors with which it interacts, and from the integration of them. In this context, this research is based on the hypothesis that there is a relationship between vocs.tionai school students＇ demographic features including their family, socio-culture, geographical environments （gender, age, department, grade, parental education, number of siblings, birth order in the family, and the family＇s income levels）, and the personality profiles. The research was carded out as part of five-factor model of personality in an attempt to determine whether vocational school students＇ personality profiles vary according to demographic variables and to reveal the relationship between them. The research sample consisted of 220 students selected from the students studying in Altmta~ Vocational School in the Spring Term of the 2013-2014 Academic Year. Data were analyzed via SPSS 15.0 statistical package program by performing t-test, analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis. While a significant difference was found between students＇ five-factor personality profiles according to gender, age, department, average, father＇s education, and the number of siblings, no significant difference was found among grade, mother＇s education, birth order in the family, and income levels. Moreover, independent variables affecting students＇ academic averages were determined as a result of the logistic regression analysis.
文摘The research introduced the application of Personality Style Inventory on two levels of educational leaders: K12 level and higher education level, including both American and Chinese school leaders. Through comparing and contrasting of personality types at different levels, it is revealed that educational leaders in different levels have different personal characteristics and the researcher tries to find out how the Personality Style Inventory can improve the leadership practice.
文摘BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder(OCPD).In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral purity.Disgust and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality traits.We expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of PE.AIM To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls(HC)and to evaluate the relationship between PE and disgust.METHODS A single-center,case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.The sample consisted of 129 subjects:45 OCPD patients and 84 HC.In both groups we submitted the Disgust Scale Revised(DS-R)and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of PE.In order to verify differences between groups,t-test was employed for continuous variables and 2 test for categorical variable;odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE survey.Correlation was explored with Pearson r correlations.RESULTS No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education.A slight significant difference was found in mean age(t=1.988;P=0.049).The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC(OR:5.3,2.28-12.46).Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE(n=36;80%)whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group(n=36;42.9%).Interestingly,no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the Disgust Scale.There was also no difference between the two groups in any of the Disgust Scale Revised subscales.Moreover,no significant correlations were observed in the OCPD group between PE and Disgust Scale Revised subscales.CONCLUSION Results suggested that PE might be part of the clinical spectrum of OCPD,and it does not reflect the counterpart of disgust.This could also indicate that this phenomenon is a manifestation of orderliness or incompleteness.Further studies will need to be undertaken to better understand PE and its significance in OCPD.
基金supported by a grant from the Health Commission of Nanjing(Grant Number:ZKX22019),China.
文摘Psychosis has increasingly become a social problem,emphasizing the need to understand the relationship between mental disorders and personality.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental disorders and personality among psychiatric outpatients based on real-world data.Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)were used to evaluate the personality and psychopathological symptoms of patients(n=8409)in the Psychiatric Outpatient Department at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital.t-test was used to compare scores between patients and national norms.Pearson’s correlation coefficient and path analysis were used to explore the relationship between mental health status and personality.The correlation coefficient between the neuroticism(N)score and each factor score of the SCL-90 test,as well as the correlation between psychoticism(P)and hostility and paranoia,exceeded 0.4.Path analysis revealed that the standardized path coefficients of N score and SCL-90 were all higher than 0.4.In addition,the standardized path coefficient of hostility and paranoia on P score were 0.313 and 0.280,respectively.Interpersonal sensitivity,depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were affected by extraversion(E)score,with standardized path coefficients of-0.149,-0.138,and-0.105,respectively.The path analysis also showed the direct and indirect effects of age,gender,education,and marital status on SCL-90.Patients characterized as melancholic had higher scores in all factors of SCL-90.In conclusion,mental health was related to personality traits of neuroticism,psychoticism and introversion.
文摘The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the personality traits of physical education teachers working in secondary schools in Istanbul. The research was conducted in accordance with screening model. The research group is formed by physical education teachers who are working in public and private secondary schools which are connected to the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul in 2012-2013 academic years. Among the participants, 36.8% is formed by female physical education teachers, and 63.2% is formed by male physical education teachers. PERI （personality inventory） short form is used. PERI is formed by five subcomponents： openness to experience, sense of responsibility, extroversion, coherence and emotional stability. Assessment instrument was applied to participants with the face-to-face technique by the researcher. Findings were obtained by using T Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney U Test in the analysis of research data. Consequently, it is understood that physical education teachers had low scores on emotional stability personality traits and so they were not adequate. In openness to experience, extroversion, coherence and sense of responsibility subcomponents, it is understood that they had higher scores and they were adequate. Besides, there is no significant difference found between gender, school type and years of service variables and personality traits （P 〈 0.05）.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60673130)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.Y2006G29,Y2007G24,Y2007G38)
文摘In order to improve the efficiency and quality of service composition,a service composition algorithm based on semantic constraint is proposed.First, a user’s requirements and services from a service repository are compared with the help of a matching algorithm.The algorithm has two levels and filters out the services which do not match the user’s constraint personality requirements.The mechanism can reduce the searching scope at the beginning of the service composition algorithm.Secondly,satisfactions of those selected services for the user’s personality requirements are computed and those services,which have the greatest satisfaction value to make up the service composition,are used.The algorithm is evaluated analytically and experimentally based on the efficiency of service composition and satisfaction for the user’s personality requirements.
文摘In Martin Eden,the development of the relationship between Martin and Ruth falls into three stages.During the first stage of their acquaintance,Ruth’s ego and super-ego vanquish her id transitorily.In the second stage of intimacy,Ruth is strongly manipulated by her super-ego that mainly originates from her Electra complex.Consequently,she attempts to re-mould Martin in the shape of her father,but in vain.When it comes to the third stage of relationship break-down,obliged to moralities and norms,Ruth chooses to end their relationships.
文摘A very successful image of feminism is created in this novel:Jane Eyre,written by Charlotte Bronte.Jane Eyre grows up from a penniless and pathetic girl into a totally independent new woman economically and emotionally.This essay will introduce the background and the purpose of writing Jane Eyre,then take the independent personality of Jane Eyre as the main body and explore her feminist consciousness,end with some enlightenment from the independent personality in Jane Eyre.
文摘The formation of personality comes from people’s choices and pursuit of self-realization,which is influenced by objective factors but not determined by them,so personality does not belong to the domain of objectivity.The concept of general personality rights in the German Constitution was initially premised on the objective determinability in the field of personality,but in constitutional jurisprudence,it gradually shifted to something with individual autonomy as the core and personal self-realization as the goal,and the scope of relevant rights expanded accordingly,so that they could not be clearly distinguished from general freedom of action and thus became the general principle of constitutional rights.The protection of constitutional personality rights in the United States and Japan can also confirm this process,providing evidence for the constitutional nature of personality rights.Deeper research shows that constitutional personality rights actually manifest the highest value of modern constitutions—human dignity.In contrast,the theoretical justification of personality rights in civil law just lies in the objectivity and defensive nature of personality elements.
文摘This paper sheds light on the Iraqi personality in light of writings of the Iraqi eminent sociologist Dr. Ali Al-Wardi and gives a critical review to his main findings and hypotheses. Al-Wardi was the main person who established the first department of sociology in Iraq and the spiritual father or the real father of sociology in the country. He wrote prestigious works about the Iraqi society including some hypotheses focusing on the Iraqi personality, such as the dual personality and social dissonance. These findings and hypotheses are not above criticism of course. The method we depend on here is the content analysis methodology. The paper consists of seven parts; part one is the introduction which includes a short glimpse on the subject and A1-Wardi＇s methodology. Part two deals with Al-Wardi and studying Iraqi personality. Part three, discusses the dual personality, and part four, the social dissonance. Part five, exposures tackling the problem where Al-Wardi suggests some points. Part six deals with the discussion. Finally, there is a conclusion under the part seven.
