The changes of three components of aerodynamic force were discussed with the attack angle conversion for three kinds of section models. Based on the project of Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge, the wind tunnel test was c...The changes of three components of aerodynamic force were discussed with the attack angle conversion for three kinds of section models. Based on the project of Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge, the wind tunnel test was conducted to obtain its three components of aerodynamic force including 75 conditions of the construction stage, the bridge without vehicles and the bridge with vehicles from - 12 degrees to ＋ 12 degrees. For the bridge with vehicles, the drag force coefficient and the absolute value of both lift coefficient and moment coefficient were decreased by the vehicles. The test resuh shows that the bridge railing and vehicles have much influence on the three components of aerodynamic force of the vehicle-bridge system for Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge.展开更多
To investigate the wind⁃induced vibration re⁃sponse characteristics of multispan double⁃layer cable photo⁃voltaic(PV)support structures,wind tunnel tests using an aeroelastic model were carried out to obtain the wind⁃...To investigate the wind⁃induced vibration re⁃sponse characteristics of multispan double⁃layer cable photo⁃voltaic(PV)support structures,wind tunnel tests using an aeroelastic model were carried out to obtain the wind⁃induced vibration response data of a three⁃span four⁃row double⁃layer cable PV support system.The wind⁃induced vibration characteristics with different PV module tilt angles,wind speeds,and wind direction angles were analyzed.The results showed that the double⁃layer cable large⁃span flexible PV support can effectively control the wind⁃induced vibration response and prevent the occur⁃rence of flutter under strong wind conditions.The maxi⁃mum value of the wind⁃induced vibration displacement of the flexible PV support system occurs in the windward first row.The upstream module has a significant shading effect on the downstream module,with a maximum effect of 23%.The most unfavorable wind direction angles of the structure are 0°and 180°.The change of the wind direction angle in the range of 0°to 30°has little effect on the wind vi⁃bration response.The change in the tilt angle of the PV modules has a greater impact on the wind vibration in the downwind direction and a smaller impact in the upwind di⁃rection.Special attention should be paid to the structural wind⁃resistant design of such systems in the upwind side span.展开更多
Segment sectional model tests are carried out to investigate the wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge, which has complicated three-dimensional flow due to its feature of double columns. Through the force mea...Segment sectional model tests are carried out to investigate the wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge, which has complicated three-dimensional flow due to its feature of double columns. Through the force measuring tests, aerodynamic force coefficients of every segment of the pylon columns have been obtained. It is found that the tested aerodynamic force coefficients are much smaller than those given by codes. The interference effects of aerodynamic force coefficients between columns of pylon are discussed. The results show that the interference effect is the most evident when the yaw angle is about 30 ° from transverse direction. This kind of interference effect can be described as diminutions in transverse aerodynamic force coefficients and magnifications in longitudinal aerodynamic force coefficients of downstream columns.展开更多
Full aero-elastic model tests are carried out to investigate wind-induced vibration of middle steel pylon of Taizhou Bridge. Model of the pylon under different construction periods is tested in both uniform and turbul...Full aero-elastic model tests are carried out to investigate wind-induced vibration of middle steel pylon of Taizhou Bridge. Model of the pylon under different construction periods is tested in both uniform and turbulent flow field. And the yaw angle of wind changes from transverse to longitudinal. Through full aero-elastic model testing, wind-induced vibration is checked, which includes vortex resonance, buffeting and galloping. Vortex resonance is observed and further studies are carried out by changing damping ratio. Based on wind tunnel testing results, wind-resistance of middle pylon is evaluated and some suggestions are given for middle pylon's construction.展开更多
钢管塔力学性能卓越,在电网中应用广泛。其中钢管塔主要钢管构件长细比较大,低风速下易涡激振动,进而引起结构疲劳损伤,引起连接处损坏,严重影响结构的安全性与耐久性。针对目前钢管塔杆件涡振理论研究不充分现状,基于Van Der Pol式尾...钢管塔力学性能卓越,在电网中应用广泛。其中钢管塔主要钢管构件长细比较大,低风速下易涡激振动,进而引起结构疲劳损伤,引起连接处损坏,严重影响结构的安全性与耐久性。针对目前钢管塔杆件涡振理论研究不充分现状,基于Van Der Pol式尾流振子模型进行结构计算,采用中心差分法解模型耦合方程,编制圆钢管涡激振动计算程序并设计风洞试验验证其准确性,旨在研究圆钢管的涡激振动特性,为钢管塔涡振预测及控制提供理论依据。试验与数值计算结果的比较表明,该文建立的尾流振子模型能够较好地拟合钢管的位移,由于理论模型采用理想铰接约束,试验测得的涡振锁定区较短,且锁定频率低于理论值。展开更多
钢管塔力学性能卓越,应用广泛,但其钢管杆件长细比较大,水平放置易在低风速下发生涡激共振现象。钢管构件长期振动易使钢结构疲劳损伤甚至破坏,严重影响输电塔结构正常服役安全。针对钢管塔构件涡激振动现象开展试验研究,并提出有效的...钢管塔力学性能卓越,应用广泛,但其钢管杆件长细比较大,水平放置易在低风速下发生涡激共振现象。钢管构件长期振动易使钢结构疲劳损伤甚至破坏,严重影响输电塔结构正常服役安全。针对钢管塔构件涡激振动现象开展试验研究,并提出有效的阻尼控制方法。首先,开展了原尺输电塔钢管杆件气动效应研究。对槽型插板节点钢管弱轴向涡激振动响应及尾流展向特性进行分析。其次,引入尾流振子模型,探究了增加阻尼比对钢管杆涡振响应的理论抑制效果的提升。最后,根据理论计算结果开展调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper,TMD)控制试验,通过加装TMD对钢管振动响应进行了控制,振幅最多可以下降95.8%,表明TMD可有效提高钢管塔在复杂风环境下的结构稳定性,保证钢管服役期间的安全。展开更多
For the purpose of establishing and validating aerodynamic performance predictions at transonic Mach numbers, a wind tunnel test was conducted in the High-Speed Tunnel（HST） of the German-Dutch Wind Tunnels. The test...For the purpose of establishing and validating aerodynamic performance predictions at transonic Mach numbers, a wind tunnel test was conducted in the High-Speed Tunnel（HST） of the German-Dutch Wind Tunnels. The test article is the aerodynamic validation model from the Chinese Aeronautical Establishment, which is a full-span scale model representation of a business jet aircraft. The wind tunnel test comprised of parallel deployments of balance, pressures, infrared thermography, and model marker measurement techniques. Dedicated investigations with a dummy support were conducted as well, in order to derive and correct for the interference that the support system imposed on the overall model loads. This enabled the establishment of a comprehensive dataset in which the steady overall model loads, the wing load distribution, the state of the wing boundary layer, and the aeroelastic wing shape were quantified for conditions up to and beyond the cruise Mach number of 0.85.展开更多
The large dual-channel wide-bodied aircraft has a long range and a high cruise Mach number.Therefore,its aerodynamic design requires a high level ofwind tunnel test refinement.Based on the requirements of aerodynamic ...The large dual-channel wide-bodied aircraft has a long range and a high cruise Mach number.Therefore,its aerodynamic design requires a high level ofwind tunnel test refinement.Based on the requirements of aerodynamic design for the future wide-bodied aircraft and the characteristics of high-speed wind tunnel tests,the error theory is introduced to analyze the factors affecting the accuracy of the test data.This study carries out a series of research on the improvement of refined aerodynamic test technology in an FL-26 wind tunnel,including design and optimization of the support system of wide-bodied aircraft,model attitude angle measurement,Mach number control accuracy,measurement and control system stability,test data correction and perfection,high-precision force balance and standard model development.In addition,the effect of the standard specification of the refined aerodynamic test is investigated to improve the data quality.The research findings have been applied in the standard model test and subsequent models of wide-bodied aircraft.The results show that whenMach numbers are less than 0.9,the control accuracy of Mach numbers in the FL-26 wind tunnel is smaller than 0.001 and the measurement error of attack angle is smaller than 0.01°.Therefore,it has the ability to correct the data influenced by factors,such as support/wall interference,model deformation,floating resistance and airflow deflection angle.The repeatability accuracy of the standard model’s comparison test shows that the lift coefficient is less than or equal to 0.0012,the drag coefficient is less than or equal to 0.00004,pitching moment coefficient is less than or equal to 0.0004.The bending resolution of the model’s deformation measurement is less than 0.2 mm,and the tensional deformation is smaller than 0.04°.The revised aerodynamic data and model deformation measurement results have good agreement with that of the ETW wind tunnel.The results demonstrate that the improved technology presented in this paper can significantly enhance the refined aerodynamic test of wide-bodied aircraft.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.90715039)
文摘The changes of three components of aerodynamic force were discussed with the attack angle conversion for three kinds of section models. Based on the project of Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge, the wind tunnel test was conducted to obtain its three components of aerodynamic force including 75 conditions of the construction stage, the bridge without vehicles and the bridge with vehicles from - 12 degrees to ＋ 12 degrees. For the bridge with vehicles, the drag force coefficient and the absolute value of both lift coefficient and moment coefficient were decreased by the vehicles. The test resuh shows that the bridge railing and vehicles have much influence on the three components of aerodynamic force of the vehicle-bridge system for Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52338011).
文摘To investigate the wind⁃induced vibration re⁃sponse characteristics of multispan double⁃layer cable photo⁃voltaic(PV)support structures,wind tunnel tests using an aeroelastic model were carried out to obtain the wind⁃induced vibration response data of a three⁃span four⁃row double⁃layer cable PV support system.The wind⁃induced vibration characteristics with different PV module tilt angles,wind speeds,and wind direction angles were analyzed.The results showed that the double⁃layer cable large⁃span flexible PV support can effectively control the wind⁃induced vibration response and prevent the occur⁃rence of flutter under strong wind conditions.The maxi⁃mum value of the wind⁃induced vibration displacement of the flexible PV support system occurs in the windward first row.The upstream module has a significant shading effect on the downstream module,with a maximum effect of 23%.The most unfavorable wind direction angles of the structure are 0°and 180°.The change of the wind direction angle in the range of 0°to 30°has little effect on the wind vi⁃bration response.The change in the tilt angle of the PV modules has a greater impact on the wind vibration in the downwind direction and a smaller impact in the upwind di⁃rection.Special attention should be paid to the structural wind⁃resistant design of such systems in the upwind side span.
基金National Science and Technology Support Program of China ( No. 2009BAG15B01)Key Pro-grams for Science and Technology Development of Chinese Transportation Industry ( No. 2008-353-332-190 )National Science Foundation( No. 51008233)
文摘Segment sectional model tests are carried out to investigate the wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge, which has complicated three-dimensional flow due to its feature of double columns. Through the force measuring tests, aerodynamic force coefficients of every segment of the pylon columns have been obtained. It is found that the tested aerodynamic force coefficients are much smaller than those given by codes. The interference effects of aerodynamic force coefficients between columns of pylon are discussed. The results show that the interference effect is the most evident when the yaw angle is about 30 ° from transverse direction. This kind of interference effect can be described as diminutions in transverse aerodynamic force coefficients and magnifications in longitudinal aerodynamic force coefficients of downstream columns.
基金National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2009BAG15B01)National Science Foundation(No.51008233)
文摘Full aero-elastic model tests are carried out to investigate wind-induced vibration of middle steel pylon of Taizhou Bridge. Model of the pylon under different construction periods is tested in both uniform and turbulent flow field. And the yaw angle of wind changes from transverse to longitudinal. Through full aero-elastic model testing, wind-induced vibration is checked, which includes vortex resonance, buffeting and galloping. Vortex resonance is observed and further studies are carried out by changing damping ratio. Based on wind tunnel testing results, wind-resistance of middle pylon is evaluated and some suggestions are given for middle pylon's construction.
文摘钢管塔力学性能卓越,在电网中应用广泛。其中钢管塔主要钢管构件长细比较大,低风速下易涡激振动,进而引起结构疲劳损伤,引起连接处损坏,严重影响结构的安全性与耐久性。针对目前钢管塔杆件涡振理论研究不充分现状,基于Van Der Pol式尾流振子模型进行结构计算,采用中心差分法解模型耦合方程,编制圆钢管涡激振动计算程序并设计风洞试验验证其准确性,旨在研究圆钢管的涡激振动特性,为钢管塔涡振预测及控制提供理论依据。试验与数值计算结果的比较表明,该文建立的尾流振子模型能够较好地拟合钢管的位移,由于理论模型采用理想铰接约束,试验测得的涡振锁定区较短,且锁定频率低于理论值。
文摘钢管塔力学性能卓越,应用广泛,但其钢管杆件长细比较大,水平放置易在低风速下发生涡激共振现象。钢管构件长期振动易使钢结构疲劳损伤甚至破坏,严重影响输电塔结构正常服役安全。针对钢管塔构件涡激振动现象开展试验研究,并提出有效的阻尼控制方法。首先,开展了原尺输电塔钢管杆件气动效应研究。对槽型插板节点钢管弱轴向涡激振动响应及尾流展向特性进行分析。其次,引入尾流振子模型,探究了增加阻尼比对钢管杆涡振响应的理论抑制效果的提升。最后,根据理论计算结果开展调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper,TMD)控制试验,通过加装TMD对钢管振动响应进行了控制,振幅最多可以下降95.8%,表明TMD可有效提高钢管塔在复杂风环境下的结构稳定性,保证钢管服役期间的安全。
文摘For the purpose of establishing and validating aerodynamic performance predictions at transonic Mach numbers, a wind tunnel test was conducted in the High-Speed Tunnel（HST） of the German-Dutch Wind Tunnels. The test article is the aerodynamic validation model from the Chinese Aeronautical Establishment, which is a full-span scale model representation of a business jet aircraft. The wind tunnel test comprised of parallel deployments of balance, pressures, infrared thermography, and model marker measurement techniques. Dedicated investigations with a dummy support were conducted as well, in order to derive and correct for the interference that the support system imposed on the overall model loads. This enabled the establishment of a comprehensive dataset in which the steady overall model loads, the wing load distribution, the state of the wing boundary layer, and the aeroelastic wing shape were quantified for conditions up to and beyond the cruise Mach number of 0.85.
文摘The large dual-channel wide-bodied aircraft has a long range and a high cruise Mach number.Therefore,its aerodynamic design requires a high level ofwind tunnel test refinement.Based on the requirements of aerodynamic design for the future wide-bodied aircraft and the characteristics of high-speed wind tunnel tests,the error theory is introduced to analyze the factors affecting the accuracy of the test data.This study carries out a series of research on the improvement of refined aerodynamic test technology in an FL-26 wind tunnel,including design and optimization of the support system of wide-bodied aircraft,model attitude angle measurement,Mach number control accuracy,measurement and control system stability,test data correction and perfection,high-precision force balance and standard model development.In addition,the effect of the standard specification of the refined aerodynamic test is investigated to improve the data quality.The research findings have been applied in the standard model test and subsequent models of wide-bodied aircraft.The results show that whenMach numbers are less than 0.9,the control accuracy of Mach numbers in the FL-26 wind tunnel is smaller than 0.001 and the measurement error of attack angle is smaller than 0.01°.Therefore,it has the ability to correct the data influenced by factors,such as support/wall interference,model deformation,floating resistance and airflow deflection angle.The repeatability accuracy of the standard model’s comparison test shows that the lift coefficient is less than or equal to 0.0012,the drag coefficient is less than or equal to 0.00004,pitching moment coefficient is less than or equal to 0.0004.The bending resolution of the model’s deformation measurement is less than 0.2 mm,and the tensional deformation is smaller than 0.04°.The revised aerodynamic data and model deformation measurement results have good agreement with that of the ETW wind tunnel.The results demonstrate that the improved technology presented in this paper can significantly enhance the refined aerodynamic test of wide-bodied aircraft.
