Seismic attenuation has been inherent media characteristics in which an interesting topic of research, for it reflects the seismic waves propagate. There are many factors that cause seismic wave attenuation, such as g...Seismic attenuation has been inherent media characteristics in which an interesting topic of research, for it reflects the seismic waves propagate. There are many factors that cause seismic wave attenuation, such as geometry attenuation caused by energy dissipating during propagation, friction attenuation by relative sliding among rock grains, and scattering attenuation by rock heterogeneity. In this paper we study P-wave scattering attenuation in a random elastic medium by numerical simulations from a statistical point of view. A random elastic medium model is built based on general stochastic process theory. Then a staggered-grid pseudo-spectral method is used to simulate wave propagation. Scattering attenuation is estimated by the spectral ratio method based on virtual detector records. Random elastic media numerical scatter results with various heterogeneity levels show that the higher heterogeneous levels cause greater scattering attenuation. When the scatter sizes are smaller than a wave length, the larger scatters give a greater attenuation. Finally, we propose a method to evaluate fluid-flow attenuation in porous media. The fluid- flow attenuation is derived from total attenuation and scattering attenuation in random porous media and the attenuation is estimated quantitatively. Results show that in the real seismic frequency range when the heterogeneous scale is about 10^1 meters （less than one wave length）, scattering attenuation is larger than fluid-tlow attenuation in random porous media and scattering attenuation is the main factor of seismic attenuation in real heterogeneous porous media.展开更多
探讨地震频带内气水界面上的法向反射系数随频率的变化特征。分别利用新场气田和Denneman et al.(2002)模型的岩石和流体属性参数,建立了弹性孔隙介质的气水界面模型,然后,讨论了Gurevich et al.(2004)法向反射系数和Silin and Goloshub...探讨地震频带内气水界面上的法向反射系数随频率的变化特征。分别利用新场气田和Denneman et al.(2002)模型的岩石和流体属性参数,建立了弹性孔隙介质的气水界面模型,然后,讨论了Gurevich et al.(2004)法向反射系数和Silin and Goloshubin(2010)的法向反射系数的简化计算方程。利用简化方程和建立的气水界面模型进行了计算,并探索了地震频带内法向反射系数随频率变化的规律。结果表明,Silin and Goloshubin(2010)的渐进方程的方法能有效反映地震频带内气水界面上反射系数随频率的变化。渐进方程的反射系数方法可用于研究实际气水界面上反射系数随频率的变化现象。展开更多
Anisotropy correction is necessary during the processing of converted PS- wave seismic data to achieve accurate structural imaging, reservoir prediction, and fracture detection. To effectively eliminate the adverse ef...Anisotropy correction is necessary during the processing of converted PS- wave seismic data to achieve accurate structural imaging, reservoir prediction, and fracture detection. To effectively eliminate the adverse effects of S-wave splitting and to improve PS- wave imaging quality, we tested methods for pre-stack migration imaging and anisotropic correction of PS-wave data. We based this on the propagation rules of seismic waves in a horizontal transverse isotropy medium, which is a fractured medium model that reflects likely subsurface conditions in the field. We used the radial （R） and transverse （T） components of PS-wave data to separate the fast and slow S-wave components, after which their propagation moveout was effectively extracted. Meanwhile, corrections for the energies and propagation moveouts of the R and T components were implemented using mathematical rotation. The PS-wave imaging quality was distinctly improved, and we demonstrated the reliability of our methods through numerical simulations. Applying our methods to three-dimensional and three-component seismic field data from the Xinchang-Hexingchang region of the Western Sichuan Depression in China, we obtained high-quality seismic imaging with continuous reflection wave groups, distinct structural features, and specific stratigraphic contact relationships. This study provides an effective and reliable approach for data processing that will improve the exploration of complex, hidden lithologic gas reservoirs.展开更多
基金supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (Grant No. 40839901)
文摘Seismic attenuation has been inherent media characteristics in which an interesting topic of research, for it reflects the seismic waves propagate. There are many factors that cause seismic wave attenuation, such as geometry attenuation caused by energy dissipating during propagation, friction attenuation by relative sliding among rock grains, and scattering attenuation by rock heterogeneity. In this paper we study P-wave scattering attenuation in a random elastic medium by numerical simulations from a statistical point of view. A random elastic medium model is built based on general stochastic process theory. Then a staggered-grid pseudo-spectral method is used to simulate wave propagation. Scattering attenuation is estimated by the spectral ratio method based on virtual detector records. Random elastic media numerical scatter results with various heterogeneity levels show that the higher heterogeneous levels cause greater scattering attenuation. When the scatter sizes are smaller than a wave length, the larger scatters give a greater attenuation. Finally, we propose a method to evaluate fluid-flow attenuation in porous media. The fluid- flow attenuation is derived from total attenuation and scattering attenuation in random porous media and the attenuation is estimated quantitatively. Results show that in the real seismic frequency range when the heterogeneous scale is about 10^1 meters （less than one wave length）, scattering attenuation is larger than fluid-tlow attenuation in random porous media and scattering attenuation is the main factor of seismic attenuation in real heterogeneous porous media.
文摘探讨地震频带内气水界面上的法向反射系数随频率的变化特征。分别利用新场气田和Denneman et al.(2002)模型的岩石和流体属性参数,建立了弹性孔隙介质的气水界面模型,然后,讨论了Gurevich et al.(2004)法向反射系数和Silin and Goloshubin(2010)的法向反射系数的简化计算方程。利用简化方程和建立的气水界面模型进行了计算,并探索了地震频带内法向反射系数随频率变化的规律。结果表明,Silin and Goloshubin(2010)的渐进方程的方法能有效反映地震频带内气水界面上反射系数随频率的变化。渐进方程的反射系数方法可用于研究实际气水界面上反射系数随频率的变化现象。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41574099)the National Key Science and Technology Special Projects(grant No.2016ZX05002004-005)
文摘Anisotropy correction is necessary during the processing of converted PS- wave seismic data to achieve accurate structural imaging, reservoir prediction, and fracture detection. To effectively eliminate the adverse effects of S-wave splitting and to improve PS- wave imaging quality, we tested methods for pre-stack migration imaging and anisotropic correction of PS-wave data. We based this on the propagation rules of seismic waves in a horizontal transverse isotropy medium, which is a fractured medium model that reflects likely subsurface conditions in the field. We used the radial （R） and transverse （T） components of PS-wave data to separate the fast and slow S-wave components, after which their propagation moveout was effectively extracted. Meanwhile, corrections for the energies and propagation moveouts of the R and T components were implemented using mathematical rotation. The PS-wave imaging quality was distinctly improved, and we demonstrated the reliability of our methods through numerical simulations. Applying our methods to three-dimensional and three-component seismic field data from the Xinchang-Hexingchang region of the Western Sichuan Depression in China, we obtained high-quality seismic imaging with continuous reflection wave groups, distinct structural features, and specific stratigraphic contact relationships. This study provides an effective and reliable approach for data processing that will improve the exploration of complex, hidden lithologic gas reservoirs.
