Objective:To identify the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters.Methods:In this qualitative study,the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters were investigated through...Objective:To identify the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters.Methods:In this qualitative study,the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters were investigated through interviewing 20 experts.The interviews were conducted face-to-face,and MAXQDA software version 10 was used to organize the data and thematic analysis.Results:The participants included 5 medical emergency technicians,5 physicians,2 Red Crescent technicians,and 8 nurses.The main influential factors of healthcare providers’resilience were limited relief infrastructure,supportive empowerment,organizational capitals,and contradictory consequences.Other important factors were resource limitation,confusion and uncertainty,empowerment training,comprehensive support,human and value capital,social capital,physical capital,suffering,disability,calm,and excellence.Conclusion:Improving healthcare providers’resilience can be achieved by reducing uncertainty,providing the physical,economic,and human resources,strengthening motivation and comprehensive supports.It is suggested that disaster managers consider all identified dimensions to improve the resilience of healthcare providers to serve better in disasters.Moreover,researchers should study each dimension to provide profound knowledge regarding resilience in disasters.展开更多
Objective: To investigate and predict the effects of climate change on the potential distribution of the main vector and reservoir hosts of the disease in Yazd province in the future.Methods: Distribution data for vec...Objective: To investigate and predict the effects of climate change on the potential distribution of the main vector and reservoir hosts of the disease in Yazd province in the future.Methods: Distribution data for vector and reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yazd province were obtained from earlier studies conducted in the area.MaxEnt ecological niche modeling was used to predict environmental suitability.BCC-CSM1-1(m) model and two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were used for horizons 2030 and 2050 climate projections.Future projections were based on data of a regional climate change model.Results: With both scenarios in 2030 and 2050, the results of jackknife test indicated that the mean temperature of wettest quarter and temperature annual range had the greatest effect on the model for the vector and the reservoir hosts, respectively.Conclusions: The climate conditions are the major determinants of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence rate in Yazd Province.These climate conditions provide favorable habitats for ease transmission of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in this endemic area.Habitats suitability for the vector and reservoir will be expanding in the coming years compared with the current conditions, such that, in horizon 2030 & 2050, the probability of the presence of the vector and reservoir within 38 580 and 37 949 km^2, respectively, from Yazd province is above 60%.Moreover, an increase is predicted in the presence of the vector in the western parts and the reservoir in the northern and central parts of the province in the future.Understanding the role of environmental and bioclimatic factors in zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence can provide a guide for policy-makers in the creation and implementation of more effective policies for prevention and control.展开更多
Background Post-traumatic headache is a disabling secondary headache disorder often attributed to traumatic brain injury and affects millions of individuals worldwide. Few studies have been done on the treatment needs...Background Post-traumatic headache is a disabling secondary headache disorder often attributed to traumatic brain injury and affects millions of individuals worldwide. Few studies have been done on the treatment needs of these patients in emergency departments. The purpose was to compare the effectiveness of ketorolac intravenous versus acetaminophen intravenous in reducing headaches in patients following head trauma. Methods This was a semi-experimental study in which the participants were assigned two groups. In the acetaminophen intravenous group, 1 g acetaminophen and in the ketorolac intravenous group, 60 mg of this drug was injected. Statistical analysis was done with IBM SPSS statistical software version 21, and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Among samples after 6 h from the injection, the pain score in the ketorolac intravenous group was less than the acetaminophen intravenous group ( P = 0.006). Also, the pain reduction rate in the ketorolac intravenous group was more than the acetaminophen intravenous group from before the injection until 2 h after it ( P = 0.01) and before injection until 6 h after it ( P = 0.001). The frequency of drowsiness in 2 and 6 h after drug administration in the ketorolac intravenous group was lower than the acetaminophen intravenous group, which is significant in 2 h after drug administration ( P = 0.038). The verbal analog scale score comparison for two groups 2 h before medicine administration with pain control score ( P = 0.03) and 6 h with pethidine use control ( P = 0.003) is significant. Conclusions According to this study, ketorolac’s intravenous effect on pain control is better than that of acetaminophen intravenous. With more samples, we can express the survey results more decisively in the future.展开更多
Introduction: Health care system structure is prone to human error. Medical errors are one of the major challenges that health systems in all countries are grappling with to minimize and reduce the damage caused by th...Introduction: Health care system structure is prone to human error. Medical errors are one of the major challenges that health systems in all countries are grappling with to minimize and reduce the damage caused by them. The aim of this study was to assess the Patient Safety Attitudes, Skills, Knowledge and Barriers Related to Reporting Medical Errors by Nursing Students in Ilam, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed method was conducted to this study. Sampling was conducted by census of all students entering nursing criteria in Ilam in 2016. A number of 140 students participated in this study. The tool used in this study was created by Schnall et al. that measures knowledge, attitudes and skills related to medical errors reporting. Data were analyzed with t test, regression and correlation coefficients and descriptive statistical methods. Results: The results showed that nursing students had a positive attitude with respect to the reporting of medical errors (p = 0.01). They also have the low knowledge to medical errors and reporting them. There were significant differences in all groups and subgroups of knowledge, attitude, and skills (except creating of safety culture subgroup) between the two group’s students. Moreover, the main reason for not reporting was the lack of knowledge and fear of punishment. Conclusions: The results of this study help those who involve in the health care system to improve patient safety and improve the process of reporting medical errors by nursing students’ participation in the process of reporting error, while improving knowledge and attitudes through nursing education with the effective educational models. As a result, there is a need to educate students on reporting systems.展开更多
基金financially supported by Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
文摘Objective:To identify the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters.Methods:In this qualitative study,the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters were investigated through interviewing 20 experts.The interviews were conducted face-to-face,and MAXQDA software version 10 was used to organize the data and thematic analysis.Results:The participants included 5 medical emergency technicians,5 physicians,2 Red Crescent technicians,and 8 nurses.The main influential factors of healthcare providers’resilience were limited relief infrastructure,supportive empowerment,organizational capitals,and contradictory consequences.Other important factors were resource limitation,confusion and uncertainty,empowerment training,comprehensive support,human and value capital,social capital,physical capital,suffering,disability,calm,and excellence.Conclusion:Improving healthcare providers’resilience can be achieved by reducing uncertainty,providing the physical,economic,and human resources,strengthening motivation and comprehensive supports.It is suggested that disaster managers consider all identified dimensions to improve the resilience of healthcare providers to serve better in disasters.Moreover,researchers should study each dimension to provide profound knowledge regarding resilience in disasters.
基金financially supported by Research Deputy,Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd,Iran,with project No.P/17/1/19412
文摘Objective: To investigate and predict the effects of climate change on the potential distribution of the main vector and reservoir hosts of the disease in Yazd province in the future.Methods: Distribution data for vector and reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yazd province were obtained from earlier studies conducted in the area.MaxEnt ecological niche modeling was used to predict environmental suitability.BCC-CSM1-1(m) model and two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were used for horizons 2030 and 2050 climate projections.Future projections were based on data of a regional climate change model.Results: With both scenarios in 2030 and 2050, the results of jackknife test indicated that the mean temperature of wettest quarter and temperature annual range had the greatest effect on the model for the vector and the reservoir hosts, respectively.Conclusions: The climate conditions are the major determinants of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence rate in Yazd Province.These climate conditions provide favorable habitats for ease transmission of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in this endemic area.Habitats suitability for the vector and reservoir will be expanding in the coming years compared with the current conditions, such that, in horizon 2030 & 2050, the probability of the presence of the vector and reservoir within 38 580 and 37 949 km^2, respectively, from Yazd province is above 60%.Moreover, an increase is predicted in the presence of the vector in the western parts and the reservoir in the northern and central parts of the province in the future.Understanding the role of environmental and bioclimatic factors in zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence can provide a guide for policy-makers in the creation and implementation of more effective policies for prevention and control.
文摘Background Post-traumatic headache is a disabling secondary headache disorder often attributed to traumatic brain injury and affects millions of individuals worldwide. Few studies have been done on the treatment needs of these patients in emergency departments. The purpose was to compare the effectiveness of ketorolac intravenous versus acetaminophen intravenous in reducing headaches in patients following head trauma. Methods This was a semi-experimental study in which the participants were assigned two groups. In the acetaminophen intravenous group, 1 g acetaminophen and in the ketorolac intravenous group, 60 mg of this drug was injected. Statistical analysis was done with IBM SPSS statistical software version 21, and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Among samples after 6 h from the injection, the pain score in the ketorolac intravenous group was less than the acetaminophen intravenous group ( P = 0.006). Also, the pain reduction rate in the ketorolac intravenous group was more than the acetaminophen intravenous group from before the injection until 2 h after it ( P = 0.01) and before injection until 6 h after it ( P = 0.001). The frequency of drowsiness in 2 and 6 h after drug administration in the ketorolac intravenous group was lower than the acetaminophen intravenous group, which is significant in 2 h after drug administration ( P = 0.038). The verbal analog scale score comparison for two groups 2 h before medicine administration with pain control score ( P = 0.03) and 6 h with pethidine use control ( P = 0.003) is significant. Conclusions According to this study, ketorolac’s intravenous effect on pain control is better than that of acetaminophen intravenous. With more samples, we can express the survey results more decisively in the future.
文摘Introduction: Health care system structure is prone to human error. Medical errors are one of the major challenges that health systems in all countries are grappling with to minimize and reduce the damage caused by them. The aim of this study was to assess the Patient Safety Attitudes, Skills, Knowledge and Barriers Related to Reporting Medical Errors by Nursing Students in Ilam, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed method was conducted to this study. Sampling was conducted by census of all students entering nursing criteria in Ilam in 2016. A number of 140 students participated in this study. The tool used in this study was created by Schnall et al. that measures knowledge, attitudes and skills related to medical errors reporting. Data were analyzed with t test, regression and correlation coefficients and descriptive statistical methods. Results: The results showed that nursing students had a positive attitude with respect to the reporting of medical errors (p = 0.01). They also have the low knowledge to medical errors and reporting them. There were significant differences in all groups and subgroups of knowledge, attitude, and skills (except creating of safety culture subgroup) between the two group’s students. Moreover, the main reason for not reporting was the lack of knowledge and fear of punishment. Conclusions: The results of this study help those who involve in the health care system to improve patient safety and improve the process of reporting medical errors by nursing students’ participation in the process of reporting error, while improving knowledge and attitudes through nursing education with the effective educational models. As a result, there is a need to educate students on reporting systems.
