Puccinia striiformis Westend.f.sp.tritici Erikss.(Pst)infects wheat and causes stripe rust.The rust is heteroecious with wheat as the primary uredinial and telial host and barberry(Berberis spp.)as the alternate pycni...Puccinia striiformis Westend.f.sp.tritici Erikss.(Pst)infects wheat and causes stripe rust.The rust is heteroecious with wheat as the primary uredinial and telial host and barberry(Berberis spp.)as the alternate pycnial and aecial host.More than 40 Berberis species have been identified as alternate hosts for Pst,and most of these are Chinese Berberis species.However,little is known about Berberis species or their geographic distributions in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau in southwestern China.The Yunnan-Guizhou plateau is considered to be an important and relatively independent region for the evolution of the wheat stripe rust pathogen in China because the entire disease cycle can be completed within the region.In this study,we conducted a survey of barberry plants in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau and identified the eight Pst-susceptible Berberis species under controlled conditions,including B.julianae,B.tsienii,B.veitchii,B.wilsonae,B.wilsonae var.guhtzunica,B.franchetiana,B.lepidifolia and B.pruinosa.These species are reported here for the first time to serve as alternate hosts for the wheat stripe rust pathogen under controlled conditions.展开更多
The single spores were isolated from chlamydospores of Ustilaginoidea virens with three different maturities by PSA. The isolated single spores were cul- tured on different media at different temperatures under natura...The single spores were isolated from chlamydospores of Ustilaginoidea virens with three different maturities by PSA. The isolated single spores were cul- tured on different media at different temperatures under natural light for inducing conidia to explore the optimum isolation technique of single spore and optimum cul- ture condition of conidia. The results showed that the successful isolating rate of single spore from yellow rice false smut balls reached 90.00%. The sporulatina quantities of isolated single spores cultured on PSD and PDB media at 22 -29 ~C （variable temperature under natural light） or 28 ℃ （constant temperature under dark condition） for 12 d were up to 6.3× 107 and 1.1× 106 spore/mL, respectively. PSA was the most effective method to isolate single spores from yellow rice false smut balls of U. virens. The optimum conidia culture condition included PSD or PDB medium, 22 -29℃ or 28℃, natural light and vibration culture. Key words Ustilaginoidea virens; Single spore isolation; Conidia; Culture condition展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to explore the optimum dosage and application pattern of Trichoderma harzianum for controlling Potato Verticillium wilt. [ Method] Two trials, sowing seed tubers in bacterial manure, sowing s...[Objective] The paper was to explore the optimum dosage and application pattern of Trichoderma harzianum for controlling Potato Verticillium wilt. [ Method] Two trials, sowing seed tubers in bacterial manure, sowing seed tubers in bacterial manure ＋ root irrigation after seedling emergence, were conducted in the paper. [Result] T.harzianum could effectively control potato early dying and promote potato growth, thereby increasing potato yield. The control effects of sowing tuber in 300 times of bacterial manure ＋ root irrigation with 300 times of conidia suspension after seedling emergence were ideal ; the highest control effect and the highest saved yield loss were 72.60% and 33.33%, respectively. [ Conclusion] The paper provides reference for field application of T. harzianum.展开更多
This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Prov-ince,China.Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data,70 species are i...This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Prov-ince,China.Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data,70 species are identified and distributed in two classes(Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes),16 orders,41 families and 60 genera.One order Plani-sphaeriales,four families Leptosphaerioidaceae,Neoleptosporellaceae,Planisphaeriaceae and Profundisphaeriaceae,ten genera Conicosphaeria,Karstiomyces,Leptosphaerioides,Neoceratosphaeria,Neodiaporthe,Neodictyospora,Planispha-eria,Profundisphaeria,Stellatus and Truncatascus,and 34 species(Amphisphaeria karsti,Anteaglonium hydei,Atracto-spora terrestris,Conicosphaeria vaginatispora,Corylicola hydei,Diaporthe cylindriformispora,Dictyosporium karsti,Hysterobrevium karsti,Karstiomyces guizhouensis,Leptosphaerioides guizhouensis,Lophiotrema karsti,Murispora hydei,Muyocopron karsti,Neoaquastroma guizhouense,Neoceratosphaeria karsti,Neodiaporthe reniformispora,Neodictyospora karsti,Neoheleiosa guizhouensis,Neoleptosporella fusiformispora,Neoophiobolus filiformisporum,Ophioceras guizhouen-sis,Ophiosphaerella karsti,Paraeutypella longiasca,Paraeutypella karsti,Patellaria guizhouensis,Planisphaeria karsti,Planisphaeria reniformispora,Poaceascoma herbaceum,Profundisphaeria fusiformispora,Pseudocoleophoma guizhouen-sis,Pseudopolyplosphaeria guizhouensis,Stellatus guizhouensis,Sulcatispora karsti and Truncatascus microsporus)are introduced as new to science.Moreover,13 new geographical records for China are also reported,which are Acrocalymma medicaginis,Annulohypoxylon thailandicum,Astrosphaeriella bambusae,Diaporthe novem,Hypoxylon rubiginosum,Ophio-sphaerella agrostidis,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Patellaria atrata,Polyplosphaeria fusca,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Sarimanas shirakamiense,Thyridaria broussonetiae and Tremateia chromolaenae.Additionally,the family Eriomycetaceae was resurrected as a non-lichenized family and accommodated within Monoblastiales.Detailed descriptions and illustrations of all these taxa are provided.展开更多
Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.(Orchidaceae)collected from 5 sites in Guizhou,China.Seventeen different species,including 7 new species(na...Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.(Orchidaceae)collected from 5 sites in Guizhou,China.Seventeen different species,including 7 new species(namely C.bletillum,C.caudasporum,C.duyunensis,C.endophytum,C.excelsum-altitudum and C.guizhouensis and C.ochracea),8 previously described species(C.boninense,C.cereale,C.destructivum,C.karstii,C.liriopes,C.miscanthi,C.parsonsiae and C.tofieldiae)and 2 sterile mycelia were identified.All of the taxa were identified based on morphology and phylogeny inferred from multi-locus sequences,including the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region,partial genes ofβ-tubulin(TUB2),actin(ACT)and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Comprehensive morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided for new species.Our investigation indicates a high diversity of Colletotrichum species in B.ochracea.展开更多
Ustilago coicis causes serious smut on Coix lacryma-jobi in Dayang Town,Jinyun County,Zhejiang Province of China.In this paper,ultrastructural assessments on fungus-host interactions and teliospore development are pre...Ustilago coicis causes serious smut on Coix lacryma-jobi in Dayang Town,Jinyun County,Zhejiang Province of China.In this paper,ultrastructural assessments on fungus-host interactions and teliospore development are presented,and molecular phylogenetic analyses have been done to elucidate the phylogenetic placement of the taxon.Hyphal growth within infected tissues was both intracellular and intercellular and on the surface of fungus-host interaction,and the fungal cell wall and the invaginated host plasma membrane were separated by a sheath comprising two distinct layers between the fungal cell wall and the invaginated host plasma membrane.Ornamentation development of teliospore walls was unique as they appeared to be originated from the exosporium.In addition,internal transcribed spacer(ITS) and large subunit(LSU) sequence data showed that U.coicis is closely related to Ustilago trichophora which infects grass species of the genus Echinochloa(Poaceae).展开更多
Rhizome,a modified subterranean plant stem,has been used in China for centuries as a Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Polygonati Rhizome(PR)is a well-known species in the Rhizome family.Previous studies show that PR ...Rhizome,a modified subterranean plant stem,has been used in China for centuries as a Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Polygonati Rhizome(PR)is a well-known species in the Rhizome family.Previous studies show that PR might be beneficial in the treatment of osteoporosis,cancer,diabetes,and many other diseases because of its properties such as antioxidant property.Thus cultivated PR strains were developed to fulfil the increasing demands.However,the metabolite profile differences between wild-type and cultivated PR remain largely unknown.Here,we performed unbiased and untargeted quantitative mass spectrometry-based metabolomics on 1 wild strain and 3 cultivated strains.A total of 1126 metabolites were identified on all 4 strains.Analyses of these data with unsupervised and supervised approaches identified common metabolites in all 4 strains as well as strain-specific metabolites.Next,we conducted a metabolomic-wide pairwise correlation analysis on metabolite abundance and discovered 577 significantly correlated metabolite-metabolite pairs by Pearson’s correlation test.Importantly,KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that phenylpropanoids biosynthesis was the most differentially expressed pathway between cultivated and wild-type PR.By contrast,common metabolites on all 4 strains might suggest shared therapeutic targets.In summary,the systematic,untargeted metabolomics profiling of 4 PR strains and comprehensive data analyses provide invaluable resources to the understanding of the metabolite landscape and shed light on potential therapeutic applications for the treatment of diseases.展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0200500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960524,31071641 and 32072358)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2452019046)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2020JZ-15,2017JM3006)。
文摘Puccinia striiformis Westend.f.sp.tritici Erikss.(Pst)infects wheat and causes stripe rust.The rust is heteroecious with wheat as the primary uredinial and telial host and barberry(Berberis spp.)as the alternate pycnial and aecial host.More than 40 Berberis species have been identified as alternate hosts for Pst,and most of these are Chinese Berberis species.However,little is known about Berberis species or their geographic distributions in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau in southwestern China.The Yunnan-Guizhou plateau is considered to be an important and relatively independent region for the evolution of the wheat stripe rust pathogen in China because the entire disease cycle can be completed within the region.In this study,we conducted a survey of barberry plants in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau and identified the eight Pst-susceptible Berberis species under controlled conditions,including B.julianae,B.tsienii,B.veitchii,B.wilsonae,B.wilsonae var.guhtzunica,B.franchetiana,B.lepidifolia and B.pruinosa.These species are reported here for the first time to serve as alternate hosts for the wheat stripe rust pathogen under controlled conditions.
基金Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province[QKH Major Project( 2012 ) 6012 ]Supported by Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou Province ( QKH J[2009]2103)+1 种基金Science and Technology Research Programof Guizhou Province ( QKH NY[2012]3031)Project of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences ( [2010]033 and QNKH[Major]07016)
文摘The single spores were isolated from chlamydospores of Ustilaginoidea virens with three different maturities by PSA. The isolated single spores were cul- tured on different media at different temperatures under natural light for inducing conidia to explore the optimum isolation technique of single spore and optimum cul- ture condition of conidia. The results showed that the successful isolating rate of single spore from yellow rice false smut balls reached 90.00%. The sporulatina quantities of isolated single spores cultured on PSD and PDB media at 22 -29 ~C （variable temperature under natural light） or 28 ℃ （constant temperature under dark condition） for 12 d were up to 6.3× 107 and 1.1× 106 spore/mL, respectively. PSA was the most effective method to isolate single spores from yellow rice false smut balls of U. virens. The optimum conidia culture condition included PSD or PDB medium, 22 -29℃ or 28℃, natural light and vibration culture. Key words Ustilaginoidea virens; Single spore isolation; Conidia; Culture condition
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province[QKHN G(2007)4007]Project of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences[QNKH(Key)08017]
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the optimum dosage and application pattern of Trichoderma harzianum for controlling Potato Verticillium wilt. [ Method] Two trials, sowing seed tubers in bacterial manure, sowing seed tubers in bacterial manure ＋ root irrigation after seedling emergence, were conducted in the paper. [Result] T.harzianum could effectively control potato early dying and promote potato growth, thereby increasing potato yield. The control effects of sowing tuber in 300 times of bacterial manure ＋ root irrigation with 300 times of conidia suspension after seedling emergence were ideal ; the highest control effect and the highest saved yield loss were 72.60% and 33.33%, respectively. [ Conclusion] The paper provides reference for field application of T. harzianum.
基金The Research of Featured Microbial Resources and Diversity Investigation in Southwest Karst area(Project No.2014FY120100)is gratefully thanked for financial support.
文摘This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Prov-ince,China.Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data,70 species are identified and distributed in two classes(Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes),16 orders,41 families and 60 genera.One order Plani-sphaeriales,four families Leptosphaerioidaceae,Neoleptosporellaceae,Planisphaeriaceae and Profundisphaeriaceae,ten genera Conicosphaeria,Karstiomyces,Leptosphaerioides,Neoceratosphaeria,Neodiaporthe,Neodictyospora,Planispha-eria,Profundisphaeria,Stellatus and Truncatascus,and 34 species(Amphisphaeria karsti,Anteaglonium hydei,Atracto-spora terrestris,Conicosphaeria vaginatispora,Corylicola hydei,Diaporthe cylindriformispora,Dictyosporium karsti,Hysterobrevium karsti,Karstiomyces guizhouensis,Leptosphaerioides guizhouensis,Lophiotrema karsti,Murispora hydei,Muyocopron karsti,Neoaquastroma guizhouense,Neoceratosphaeria karsti,Neodiaporthe reniformispora,Neodictyospora karsti,Neoheleiosa guizhouensis,Neoleptosporella fusiformispora,Neoophiobolus filiformisporum,Ophioceras guizhouen-sis,Ophiosphaerella karsti,Paraeutypella longiasca,Paraeutypella karsti,Patellaria guizhouensis,Planisphaeria karsti,Planisphaeria reniformispora,Poaceascoma herbaceum,Profundisphaeria fusiformispora,Pseudocoleophoma guizhouen-sis,Pseudopolyplosphaeria guizhouensis,Stellatus guizhouensis,Sulcatispora karsti and Truncatascus microsporus)are introduced as new to science.Moreover,13 new geographical records for China are also reported,which are Acrocalymma medicaginis,Annulohypoxylon thailandicum,Astrosphaeriella bambusae,Diaporthe novem,Hypoxylon rubiginosum,Ophio-sphaerella agrostidis,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Patellaria atrata,Polyplosphaeria fusca,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Sarimanas shirakamiense,Thyridaria broussonetiae and Tremateia chromolaenae.Additionally,the family Eriomycetaceae was resurrected as a non-lichenized family and accommodated within Monoblastiales.Detailed descriptions and illustrations of all these taxa are provided.
基金supported by NSFC(No.30960002 and No.31070020)Guizhou Scientific and Technological Project,China(QianKeHe NY Zi(2010)No.3067).Gang Tao acknowledges China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2011 M500421)+1 种基金supporting his research at CAS.Yuanying Su and Dianming Hu are sincerely thanked for the technical assistanceWe are very grateful to Dr.Roger G.Shivas,who gave valuable suggestions to this work during his academic visit to China(funded by NSFC 31110103906).
文摘Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.(Orchidaceae)collected from 5 sites in Guizhou,China.Seventeen different species,including 7 new species(namely C.bletillum,C.caudasporum,C.duyunensis,C.endophytum,C.excelsum-altitudum and C.guizhouensis and C.ochracea),8 previously described species(C.boninense,C.cereale,C.destructivum,C.karstii,C.liriopes,C.miscanthi,C.parsonsiae and C.tofieldiae)and 2 sterile mycelia were identified.All of the taxa were identified based on morphology and phylogeny inferred from multi-locus sequences,including the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region,partial genes ofβ-tubulin(TUB2),actin(ACT)and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Comprehensive morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided for new species.Our investigation indicates a high diversity of Colletotrichum species in B.ochracea.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31070123)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(No.201003004)
文摘Ustilago coicis causes serious smut on Coix lacryma-jobi in Dayang Town,Jinyun County,Zhejiang Province of China.In this paper,ultrastructural assessments on fungus-host interactions and teliospore development are presented,and molecular phylogenetic analyses have been done to elucidate the phylogenetic placement of the taxon.Hyphal growth within infected tissues was both intracellular and intercellular and on the surface of fungus-host interaction,and the fungal cell wall and the invaginated host plasma membrane were separated by a sheath comprising two distinct layers between the fungal cell wall and the invaginated host plasma membrane.Ornamentation development of teliospore walls was unique as they appeared to be originated from the exosporium.In addition,internal transcribed spacer(ITS) and large subunit(LSU) sequence data showed that U.coicis is closely related to Ustilago trichophora which infects grass species of the genus Echinochloa(Poaceae).
基金supported by the Special Project of the Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology of Guizhou Province(Qian(2022)4008)Science and Technology Support Program Guizhou,China([2020]4Y 105)+1 种基金Science and Technology Support Program Guizhou,China([2023]General 031)HKUST(Guangzhou)Municipal Start-up Fund,and HKUST Center for Aging Science 2022 Seed Funding(Project#:Z1056).
文摘Rhizome,a modified subterranean plant stem,has been used in China for centuries as a Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Polygonati Rhizome(PR)is a well-known species in the Rhizome family.Previous studies show that PR might be beneficial in the treatment of osteoporosis,cancer,diabetes,and many other diseases because of its properties such as antioxidant property.Thus cultivated PR strains were developed to fulfil the increasing demands.However,the metabolite profile differences between wild-type and cultivated PR remain largely unknown.Here,we performed unbiased and untargeted quantitative mass spectrometry-based metabolomics on 1 wild strain and 3 cultivated strains.A total of 1126 metabolites were identified on all 4 strains.Analyses of these data with unsupervised and supervised approaches identified common metabolites in all 4 strains as well as strain-specific metabolites.Next,we conducted a metabolomic-wide pairwise correlation analysis on metabolite abundance and discovered 577 significantly correlated metabolite-metabolite pairs by Pearson’s correlation test.Importantly,KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that phenylpropanoids biosynthesis was the most differentially expressed pathway between cultivated and wild-type PR.By contrast,common metabolites on all 4 strains might suggest shared therapeutic targets.In summary,the systematic,untargeted metabolomics profiling of 4 PR strains and comprehensive data analyses provide invaluable resources to the understanding of the metabolite landscape and shed light on potential therapeutic applications for the treatment of diseases.
