Individual coal seams formed in paleo-peatlands represent sustained periods of terrestrial carbon accumulation and a key environmental indicator attributed to this record is the rate of carbon accumulation.Determining...Individual coal seams formed in paleo-peatlands represent sustained periods of terrestrial carbon accumulation and a key environmental indicator attributed to this record is the rate of carbon accumulation.Determining the rate of carbon accumulation requires a measure of time contained within the coal.This study aimed to determine this rate via the identification of Milankovitch orbital cycles in the coals.The geophysical log is an ideal paleoclimate proxy and has been widely used in the study of sedimentary records using spectral analysis.Spectral analyses of geophysical log from thick coal seams can be used to identify the Milankovitch cycles and to calculate the period of the coal deposition.By considering the carbon loss during coalification,the long-term average carbon accumulation rate and net primary productivity(NPP)of paleo-peatlands in coal seams can be obtained.This review paper presents the procedures of analysis,assessment of results and interpretation of geophysical logs in determining the NPP of paleo-peatlands.展开更多
To further reveal the failure mechanisms of thick ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)laminates,field firing tests were conducted for 10-,20-,and 30-mm thick laminates against 12.7-mm calibre wedge-shaped ...To further reveal the failure mechanisms of thick ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)laminates,field firing tests were conducted for 10-,20-,and 30-mm thick laminates against 12.7-mm calibre wedge-shaped fragment simulated projectiles at high velocities between 450 and 1200 m/s.The ballistic performance,deformation process,and staged failure characteristics of the laminates with different thicknesses were compared and analysed.The results demonstrate that the ballistic limits of the UHMWPE laminates increase almost linearly with laminate thickness.The 10-mm thick laminate generally experiences two-stage failure characteristics,whereas three-staged failure occurs in the 20-and 30-mm thick laminates and the progressive delamination is evident.The energy limit concept representing the maximum energy absorption efficiency and the idea of reuse of the thick UHMWPE laminates are proposed in this study.The findings of this research will be useful in the design of flexible and effective UHMWPE-based protective equipment.展开更多
The development of effective visible and near-infrared photocatalysts is highly promising in the current field of photocatalysis.Herein,carbon dots/ZnFe_(2)O_(4)(CDs/ZFO)with coating zero dimensional(0D)CDs on the sur...The development of effective visible and near-infrared photocatalysts is highly promising in the current field of photocatalysis.Herein,carbon dots/ZnFe_(2)O_(4)(CDs/ZFO)with coating zero dimensional(0D)CDs on the surface of three dimensional(3D)yolk-shell ZFO spheres was designed and synthesized via a selftemplated solvothermal method.The as-prepared CDs/ZFO composites displayed outstanding visible and near-infrared photocatalytic degradation activity of tetracycline(TC),and the optimal 3%CDs/ZFO sample with loading 3%(mass)CDs displayed the highest photocatalytic TC degradation ability under visible light(79.5%within 120 min)and near-infrared light(41%within 120 min).The enhancement of photocatalytic activity for CDs/ZFO composite is mainly ascribed to the fact that 0D/3D yolk-shell CDs/ZFO structure not only effectively reflect the incident light to increase the utilization efficiency of solar light,but also utilize the up-conversion photoluminescence and electronic conductivity properties of CDs to broaden sunlight absorption range and promote separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs.展开更多
Through exploring the cumulative contents of Pb, Cu and Cd, the 3 common heavy metals in air pollution, in leaves of some widely-applied green plants in different functional areas in urban districts of Binzhou City, t...Through exploring the cumulative contents of Pb, Cu and Cd, the 3 common heavy metals in air pollution, in leaves of some widely-applied green plants in different functional areas in urban districts of Binzhou City, this paper figured out its relationship with functional areas in the city, and whether green plants are selective in adsorbing heavy metals or not. The research found that cumulative content of Cu and Cd varied greatly in leaves of the same species in different functional areas, and also in leaves of different species in the same area. Populus tomentosa and Sophora japonica had the strongest capacity of adsorbing Pb, Cu and Cd in the air, which is a useful reference for the urban landscaping of Binzhou City.展开更多
The“life style”of urban park is changeable.As a general tourist and an ordinary audience,they can completely revel in the plot representation compiled and directed by designers.As a backstage director,the designer h...The“life style”of urban park is changeable.As a general tourist and an ordinary audience,they can completely revel in the plot representation compiled and directed by designers.As a backstage director,the designer has to think about the structural logic of park space.Based on the architectural typology method of Aldo Rossi,the elements of urban park can be reduced to four kinds of substrates:forest belt,lawn,hard substrate(including garden architecture)and water body,regardless of specifi c form factors of surface layer.In response to the changes of external environment conditions,the nesting relationship of four kinds of substrate is restored topologically,and three types of schema are summarized:introvert type,neutral type and extravert type.展开更多
Highly ordered nickel and silver nanorods arrays prepared by alumina template assisted electrodeposition were investigated to determine the effect of the array geometry on metal surface hydrophobicity and adhesion for...Highly ordered nickel and silver nanorods arrays prepared by alumina template assisted electrodeposition were investigated to determine the effect of the array geometry on metal surface hydrophobicity and adhesion forces. The nanorod geometry, clustering and pinning were used to characterize surface hydrophobicity and its modulation. A contribution of metal crystallographic orientation to the surface energy was calculated. To characterize nanorod array surface properties and elucidate the source of the particle adhesion effects has been calculated. The dispersive components of surface tension?γSD?and surface polarizability ks, as surface features that markedly characterize hydrophobicity and adhesion, were calculated. The highest hydrophobicity was found for Ag nanorods with aspect ratio of 10 then Ni nanorods with aspect ratio 10. The same geometry of nanorods particles resulted in different surface hydrophobicity and it was ascribed to the orientation of Ag and Ni crystals formed on the top of nanorods. Due to high hydrophobicity nanorod array surfaces could be used as an antifouling surface in medicine to select areas on implant surface not to be colonized by cells and tissues.展开更多
The restoration of monuments is of great interest,leading to more architecturally significant designs.Many promising approaches to building design foster a symbiosis of the old and the new.The paper examines the compr...The restoration of monuments is of great interest,leading to more architecturally significant designs.Many promising approaches to building design foster a symbiosis of the old and the new.The paper examines the compromises between the structural and physical properties of a historic building intended for renovation,which has already undergone several renovations.Due to the limited optimization possibilities at specific levels of the renovation project,diagnostics were used during the examination of proposals.Part of the diagnostics involves measuring thermal conditions,as well as temperatures on the internal and external surfaces of the building envelopes.The study demonstrates how the properties of the outer shell affect thermal insulation and suggests methods for architects,planners and preservationists to preserve the structural forms of the facade.The goal was to show that,despite the absence of a new thermal insulation layer on the outside of the building,the standard requirements are not violated.On the inner surface of the envelope walls,the temperature does not drop below the critical value for mould growth.Additionally,there are examples of modifications to the original details and their shape after the restoration of this building.展开更多
This paper investigates existence of positive solutions of singular sub-linear boundary value problems on a half-line. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of positive continuous solutions or smooth s...This paper investigates existence of positive solutions of singular sub-linear boundary value problems on a half-line. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of positive continuous solutions or smooth solutions on [0, ∞] are given by constructing new lower and upper solutions.展开更多
This paper studies the existence of multiple positive solutions of nonresonant singular boundary value problem of second order ordinary differential equations. A sufficient condition for the existence of C[0,1] multip...This paper studies the existence of multiple positive solutions of nonresonant singular boundary value problem of second order ordinary differential equations. A sufficient condition for the existence of C[0,1] multiple positive solutions as well as C1[0, 1] multiple positive solutions is given by means of the fixed point theorems on cones.展开更多
This note presents Qmm6 element which overcomes the drawback of Qm6 element that badly reflects the property of an element of general distorted geometry, and analyses the essence of the convergence of Qm6 element by u...This note presents Qmm6 element which overcomes the drawback of Qm6 element that badly reflects the property of an element of general distorted geometry, and analyses the essence of the convergence of Qm6 element by utilizing the concepts of 'lsoparametric Transformation Regularization' and 'Inversion Crime'.展开更多
Many researchers are interested in the structure of compact bone of human. Ascenzi and Bonucci isolated the single osteon, measured the Young’s modulus in tension and compression, and observed the shape of osteons an...Many researchers are interested in the structure of compact bone of human. Ascenzi and Bonucci isolated the single osteon, measured the Young’s modulus in tension and compression, and observed the shape of osteons and the direction of fibers. In 1971, Katz prposed a composite material model of bone, and made a profound des-展开更多
Inertinite,as an important and abundant maceral group in coal,is critical for the study of palaeowildfires and their roles in the Earth’s ecosystems.Recently,there has been a significant amount of research on the rel...Inertinite,as an important and abundant maceral group in coal,is critical for the study of palaeowildfires and their roles in the Earth’s ecosystems.Recently,there has been a significant amount of research on the relationship between palaeowildfire,palaeoclimate change and palaeovegetation evolution based on inertinite data.The reflectance of fusinite and semifusinite has been used to estimate the combustion temperature and type of palaeowildfires,and then to evaluate the combustion characteristics of different types of palaeowildfires.The relative abundance of inertinite can be used to estimate the atmospheric oxygen contents.The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)and online tools to search scientific databases has presented an opportunity for us to find,collect,arrange,and analyse data from the earliest to latest publications on inertinite.The data extraction tool Deep Shovel is used to collect and analyse global inertinite data from the Silurian to the Neogene.The software programs such as Gplates,ArcGIS pro and Tableau are then applied to model the relative abundance of inertinite over geological time,which can be correlated with other parameters such as atmospheric oxygen contents,plant evolution and palaeoclimate changes.The distribution of inertinite in coals varied over different geological periods,being typified by the“high inertinite content-high atmospheric oxygen level”period in the Permian and the“low inertinite content-low atmospheric oxygen level”period in the Cenozoic.This study has proposed a possible model of the positive and negative feedbacks between inertinite characteristics and palaeoenvironmental factors,and has revealed the exceptional role of inertinite in palaeoenvironmental studies.Future research on inertinite will be focused on the integrated study of organic petrology and organic geochemistry of inertinite,the big data-driven research on the temporal and spatial distribution of the global inertinite,the exploration of the functions of palaeowildfires in the Earth systems in different climatic backgrounds,and the study of modern wildfires to better predict the future frequency and intensity of wildfires due to climate changes.展开更多
Photocatalytic water splitting with simultaneous degradation of organic pollutants is an effective strategy to alleviate the increasingly serious energy and environmental crisis.However,the photocatalytic activity is ...Photocatalytic water splitting with simultaneous degradation of organic pollutants is an effective strategy to alleviate the increasingly serious energy and environmental crisis.However,the photocatalytic activity is restricted by the high charge recombination rate and limited sunlight utilization.Herein,black phosphorus(BP)with a broad sunlight response range was utilized as a photosensitizer to enhance the photocatalytic performance of the Au/carbon nitride(CN)heterostructure.The as-prepared BP/Au/CN exhibited a significantly enhanced H_(2) generation rate of 1400.8µmol h^(−1) g^(−1) under UV-vis light irradiation,which is almost 70 times higher than that of bare CN and BP/CN and 2 folds higher than that of the Au/CN heterojunction.Specifically,the optimal BP/Au/CN sample presented a waste-to-hydrogen production rate of 195.8µmol h^(−1) g^(−1) with the degradation of bisphenol A,verifying the synergistic effect of the ternary heterojunction.The photocatalytic mechanism was systematically studied by the combination of experiments and theoretical calculations.The improved photocatalytic performance was derived from the overall sunlight absorption ability of BP,effective electron transfer media and plasmonic character of Au nanoparticles,as well as the matched work function and strong interaction of the three components.A unidirectional electron transfer from BP to Au and then to CN was established,which effectively improved the charge transfer capability,resulting from the appropriate Ohmic contact of Au and BP and the Schottky barrier constructed in Au/CN hybrid.展开更多
Optimizing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with simultaneous pollutant degradation is highly desired.However,the photocatalytic efficiency is restricted by the unmatched redox ability,high carriers’recombination rate,...Optimizing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with simultaneous pollutant degradation is highly desired.However,the photocatalytic efficiency is restricted by the unmatched redox ability,high carriers’recombination rate,and lack of reactive sites of the present photocatalysts.Herein,the CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)hybrid with matched redox ability and suitable CO_(2)adsorption property was rationally synthesized.The nucleation and growth process of CuInZnS was interfered by the addition of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)with a negative charge,resulting in thinner nanosheets and richer reactive sites.Besides,the Schottky heterojunction built in the hybrid simultaneously improved the photoexcited charge transfer property,sunlight absorption range,and CO_(2)adsorption ability.Consequently,upon exposure to sunlight,CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)exhibited an efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction performance(10.2μmol·h^(−1)·g^(−1))with synergetic tetracycline degradation,obviously higher than that of pure CuInZnS.Based on the combination of theoretical calculation and experimental characterization,the photocatalytic mechanism was investigated comprehensively.This work offers a reference for the remission of worldwide energy shortage and environmental pollution problems.展开更多
Although gradual, the changes in the weather patterns are also noticeable and impactful to architectural design. If the local microclimate is taken into account early in the conceptual stage of design, the longevity o...Although gradual, the changes in the weather patterns are also noticeable and impactful to architectural design. If the local microclimate is taken into account early in the conceptual stage of design, the longevity of the ultimate structure can be greatly enhanced, despite challenging environmental factors. Parametric designing enables to discover the optimal architectural shape based on specific weather data. The paper intends to investigate how this design approach, coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations, can be used to create a wind-induced architecture. Both the benefits and the limitations of this approach are explored in detail. The interaction between an architectural shape and wind flow is tested in a study called ‘FlowBrane’. The process of （1） designing a parametrically changeable geometry, （2） testing its behavior in the wind, and （3） evaluating the results allows looping back to the initial geometric design, continuing to improve the design and ultimately the performance of the architecture in the specific wind conditions of the chosen site. However, the need to test multiple geometries separately and to adjust the wind simulation for each test （and for every wind direction） remains a disadvantage that should be addressed in further research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41030213 and 41572090)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2022YJSDC05)the Yue Qi Scholar Project of China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing).
文摘Individual coal seams formed in paleo-peatlands represent sustained periods of terrestrial carbon accumulation and a key environmental indicator attributed to this record is the rate of carbon accumulation.Determining the rate of carbon accumulation requires a measure of time contained within the coal.This study aimed to determine this rate via the identification of Milankovitch orbital cycles in the coals.The geophysical log is an ideal paleoclimate proxy and has been widely used in the study of sedimentary records using spectral analysis.Spectral analyses of geophysical log from thick coal seams can be used to identify the Milankovitch cycles and to calculate the period of the coal deposition.By considering the carbon loss during coalification,the long-term average carbon accumulation rate and net primary productivity(NPP)of paleo-peatlands in coal seams can be obtained.This review paper presents the procedures of analysis,assessment of results and interpretation of geophysical logs in determining the NPP of paleo-peatlands.
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51978166)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC0706105,2021YFC3100703)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2242022R10124s)。
文摘To further reveal the failure mechanisms of thick ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)laminates,field firing tests were conducted for 10-,20-,and 30-mm thick laminates against 12.7-mm calibre wedge-shaped fragment simulated projectiles at high velocities between 450 and 1200 m/s.The ballistic performance,deformation process,and staged failure characteristics of the laminates with different thicknesses were compared and analysed.The results demonstrate that the ballistic limits of the UHMWPE laminates increase almost linearly with laminate thickness.The 10-mm thick laminate generally experiences two-stage failure characteristics,whereas three-staged failure occurs in the 20-and 30-mm thick laminates and the progressive delamination is evident.The energy limit concept representing the maximum energy absorption efficiency and the idea of reuse of the thick UHMWPE laminates are proposed in this study.The findings of this research will be useful in the design of flexible and effective UHMWPE-based protective equipment.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21906072 and 22006057)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190982)+4 种基金Henan Postdoctoral Foundation(202003013)"Doctor of Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation"Project in Jiangsu Provincethe Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2021JM-047)Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(202102210055)General project of Chinese postdoctoral program(2020M672263)。
文摘The development of effective visible and near-infrared photocatalysts is highly promising in the current field of photocatalysis.Herein,carbon dots/ZnFe_(2)O_(4)(CDs/ZFO)with coating zero dimensional(0D)CDs on the surface of three dimensional(3D)yolk-shell ZFO spheres was designed and synthesized via a selftemplated solvothermal method.The as-prepared CDs/ZFO composites displayed outstanding visible and near-infrared photocatalytic degradation activity of tetracycline(TC),and the optimal 3%CDs/ZFO sample with loading 3%(mass)CDs displayed the highest photocatalytic TC degradation ability under visible light(79.5%within 120 min)and near-infrared light(41%within 120 min).The enhancement of photocatalytic activity for CDs/ZFO composite is mainly ascribed to the fact that 0D/3D yolk-shell CDs/ZFO structure not only effectively reflect the incident light to increase the utilization efficiency of solar light,but also utilize the up-conversion photoluminescence and electronic conductivity properties of CDs to broaden sunlight absorption range and promote separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs.
基金Sponsored by Binzhou University Scientific Research Fund(BZXYL1501)Sate Administration of Work Safety 2013 Sci-Tech Program of Key Technologies for Preventing Major Production Safety Accidents(2013-05)
文摘Through exploring the cumulative contents of Pb, Cu and Cd, the 3 common heavy metals in air pollution, in leaves of some widely-applied green plants in different functional areas in urban districts of Binzhou City, this paper figured out its relationship with functional areas in the city, and whether green plants are selective in adsorbing heavy metals or not. The research found that cumulative content of Cu and Cd varied greatly in leaves of the same species in different functional areas, and also in leaves of different species in the same area. Populus tomentosa and Sophora japonica had the strongest capacity of adsorbing Pb, Cu and Cd in the air, which is a useful reference for the urban landscaping of Binzhou City.
基金Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Henan Province(2018BYS025).
文摘The“life style”of urban park is changeable.As a general tourist and an ordinary audience,they can completely revel in the plot representation compiled and directed by designers.As a backstage director,the designer has to think about the structural logic of park space.Based on the architectural typology method of Aldo Rossi,the elements of urban park can be reduced to four kinds of substrates:forest belt,lawn,hard substrate(including garden architecture)and water body,regardless of specifi c form factors of surface layer.In response to the changes of external environment conditions,the nesting relationship of four kinds of substrate is restored topologically,and three types of schema are summarized:introvert type,neutral type and extravert type.
基金financially supported by grant MS SR VEGA 1/0074/17,APVV-16-0029.
文摘Highly ordered nickel and silver nanorods arrays prepared by alumina template assisted electrodeposition were investigated to determine the effect of the array geometry on metal surface hydrophobicity and adhesion forces. The nanorod geometry, clustering and pinning were used to characterize surface hydrophobicity and its modulation. A contribution of metal crystallographic orientation to the surface energy was calculated. To characterize nanorod array surface properties and elucidate the source of the particle adhesion effects has been calculated. The dispersive components of surface tension?γSD?and surface polarizability ks, as surface features that markedly characterize hydrophobicity and adhesion, were calculated. The highest hydrophobicity was found for Ag nanorods with aspect ratio of 10 then Ni nanorods with aspect ratio 10. The same geometry of nanorods particles resulted in different surface hydrophobicity and it was ascribed to the orientation of Ag and Ni crystals formed on the top of nanorods. Due to high hydrophobicity nanorod array surfaces could be used as an antifouling surface in medicine to select areas on implant surface not to be colonized by cells and tissues.
基金the financial support of the research project VEGA 1/0626/22 of the Scientific Grant Agency, the Ministry of Education, Science, Research, and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences
文摘The restoration of monuments is of great interest,leading to more architecturally significant designs.Many promising approaches to building design foster a symbiosis of the old and the new.The paper examines the compromises between the structural and physical properties of a historic building intended for renovation,which has already undergone several renovations.Due to the limited optimization possibilities at specific levels of the renovation project,diagnostics were used during the examination of proposals.Part of the diagnostics involves measuring thermal conditions,as well as temperatures on the internal and external surfaces of the building envelopes.The study demonstrates how the properties of the outer shell affect thermal insulation and suggests methods for architects,planners and preservationists to preserve the structural forms of the facade.The goal was to show that,despite the absence of a new thermal insulation layer on the outside of the building,the standard requirements are not violated.On the inner surface of the envelope walls,the temperature does not drop below the critical value for mould growth.Additionally,there are examples of modifications to the original details and their shape after the restoration of this building.
文摘This paper investigates existence of positive solutions of singular sub-linear boundary value problems on a half-line. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of positive continuous solutions or smooth solutions on [0, ∞] are given by constructing new lower and upper solutions.
基金Research supported by YNSF of Shandong Province(Y2000A06).
文摘This paper studies the existence of multiple positive solutions of nonresonant singular boundary value problem of second order ordinary differential equations. A sufficient condition for the existence of C[0,1] multiple positive solutions as well as C1[0, 1] multiple positive solutions is given by means of the fixed point theorems on cones.
文摘This note presents Qmm6 element which overcomes the drawback of Qm6 element that badly reflects the property of an element of general distorted geometry, and analyses the essence of the convergence of Qm6 element by utilizing the concepts of 'lsoparametric Transformation Regularization' and 'Inversion Crime'.
文摘Many researchers are interested in the structure of compact bone of human. Ascenzi and Bonucci isolated the single osteon, measured the Young’s modulus in tension and compression, and observed the shape of osteons and the direction of fibers. In 1971, Katz prposed a composite material model of bone, and made a profound des-
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42321002,41572090)the Deep-time Digital Earth(DDE)Big Science Program。
文摘Inertinite,as an important and abundant maceral group in coal,is critical for the study of palaeowildfires and their roles in the Earth’s ecosystems.Recently,there has been a significant amount of research on the relationship between palaeowildfire,palaeoclimate change and palaeovegetation evolution based on inertinite data.The reflectance of fusinite and semifusinite has been used to estimate the combustion temperature and type of palaeowildfires,and then to evaluate the combustion characteristics of different types of palaeowildfires.The relative abundance of inertinite can be used to estimate the atmospheric oxygen contents.The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)and online tools to search scientific databases has presented an opportunity for us to find,collect,arrange,and analyse data from the earliest to latest publications on inertinite.The data extraction tool Deep Shovel is used to collect and analyse global inertinite data from the Silurian to the Neogene.The software programs such as Gplates,ArcGIS pro and Tableau are then applied to model the relative abundance of inertinite over geological time,which can be correlated with other parameters such as atmospheric oxygen contents,plant evolution and palaeoclimate changes.The distribution of inertinite in coals varied over different geological periods,being typified by the“high inertinite content-high atmospheric oxygen level”period in the Permian and the“low inertinite content-low atmospheric oxygen level”period in the Cenozoic.This study has proposed a possible model of the positive and negative feedbacks between inertinite characteristics and palaeoenvironmental factors,and has revealed the exceptional role of inertinite in palaeoenvironmental studies.Future research on inertinite will be focused on the integrated study of organic petrology and organic geochemistry of inertinite,the big data-driven research on the temporal and spatial distribution of the global inertinite,the exploration of the functions of palaeowildfires in the Earth systems in different climatic backgrounds,and the study of modern wildfires to better predict the future frequency and intensity of wildfires due to climate changes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21801092,21872001,U1704140)the Program for the Development of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(20200801040GH)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(202102210055)the General project of Chinese postdoctoral program(2020M672263)the Key Research Programs in Universities of Henan Province(20A150031)the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program of Henan Province(19HASTIT034)。
文摘Photocatalytic water splitting with simultaneous degradation of organic pollutants is an effective strategy to alleviate the increasingly serious energy and environmental crisis.However,the photocatalytic activity is restricted by the high charge recombination rate and limited sunlight utilization.Herein,black phosphorus(BP)with a broad sunlight response range was utilized as a photosensitizer to enhance the photocatalytic performance of the Au/carbon nitride(CN)heterostructure.The as-prepared BP/Au/CN exhibited a significantly enhanced H_(2) generation rate of 1400.8µmol h^(−1) g^(−1) under UV-vis light irradiation,which is almost 70 times higher than that of bare CN and BP/CN and 2 folds higher than that of the Au/CN heterojunction.Specifically,the optimal BP/Au/CN sample presented a waste-to-hydrogen production rate of 195.8µmol h^(−1) g^(−1) with the degradation of bisphenol A,verifying the synergistic effect of the ternary heterojunction.The photocatalytic mechanism was systematically studied by the combination of experiments and theoretical calculations.The improved photocatalytic performance was derived from the overall sunlight absorption ability of BP,effective electron transfer media and plasmonic character of Au nanoparticles,as well as the matched work function and strong interaction of the three components.A unidirectional electron transfer from BP to Au and then to CN was established,which effectively improved the charge transfer capability,resulting from the appropriate Ohmic contact of Au and BP and the Schottky barrier constructed in Au/CN hybrid.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21801092,U1804138,and 22006057)the Program for the Development of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Nos.20210101409JC and 20200801040GH)+4 种基金the Program for Science&Technology Innovative Research Team at University of Henan Province(No.20IRTSTHN007)the Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(No.22HASTIT028)the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(Nos.202102210055,212102210128,and 202102310615)Henan Postdoctoral Foundation(No.202003013)the General project of Chinese postdoctoral program(No.2020M672263).
文摘Optimizing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with simultaneous pollutant degradation is highly desired.However,the photocatalytic efficiency is restricted by the unmatched redox ability,high carriers’recombination rate,and lack of reactive sites of the present photocatalysts.Herein,the CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)hybrid with matched redox ability and suitable CO_(2)adsorption property was rationally synthesized.The nucleation and growth process of CuInZnS was interfered by the addition of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)with a negative charge,resulting in thinner nanosheets and richer reactive sites.Besides,the Schottky heterojunction built in the hybrid simultaneously improved the photoexcited charge transfer property,sunlight absorption range,and CO_(2)adsorption ability.Consequently,upon exposure to sunlight,CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)exhibited an efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction performance(10.2μmol·h^(−1)·g^(−1))with synergetic tetracycline degradation,obviously higher than that of pure CuInZnS.Based on the combination of theoretical calculation and experimental characterization,the photocatalytic mechanism was investigated comprehensively.This work offers a reference for the remission of worldwide energy shortage and environmental pollution problems.
文摘Although gradual, the changes in the weather patterns are also noticeable and impactful to architectural design. If the local microclimate is taken into account early in the conceptual stage of design, the longevity of the ultimate structure can be greatly enhanced, despite challenging environmental factors. Parametric designing enables to discover the optimal architectural shape based on specific weather data. The paper intends to investigate how this design approach, coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations, can be used to create a wind-induced architecture. Both the benefits and the limitations of this approach are explored in detail. The interaction between an architectural shape and wind flow is tested in a study called ‘FlowBrane’. The process of （1） designing a parametrically changeable geometry, （2） testing its behavior in the wind, and （3） evaluating the results allows looping back to the initial geometric design, continuing to improve the design and ultimately the performance of the architecture in the specific wind conditions of the chosen site. However, the need to test multiple geometries separately and to adjust the wind simulation for each test （and for every wind direction） remains a disadvantage that should be addressed in further research.
