Cortical electrodes are a powerful tool for the stimulation and/or recording of electrical activity in the nervous system.However,the inevitable wound caused by surgical implantation of electrodes presents bacterial i...Cortical electrodes are a powerful tool for the stimulation and/or recording of electrical activity in the nervous system.However,the inevitable wound caused by surgical implantation of electrodes presents bacterial infection and inflammatory reaction risks associated with foreign body exposure.Moreover,inflammation of the wound area can dramatically worsen in response to bacterial infection.These consequences can not only lead to the failure of cortical electrode implantation but also threaten the lives of patients.Herein,we prepared a hydrogel made of bacterial cellulose(BC),a flexible substrate for cortical electrodes,and further loaded antibiotic tetracycline(TC)and the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone(DEX)onto it.The encapsulated drugs can be released from the BC hydrogel and effectively inhibit the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.Next,therapeutic cortical electrodes were developed by integrating the drug-loaded BC hydrogel and nine-channel serpentine arrays;these were used to record electrocorticography(ECoG)signals in a rat model.Due to the controlled release of TC and DEX from the BC hydrogel substrate,therapeutic cortical electrodes can alleviate or prevent symptoms associated with the bacterial infection and inflammation of brain tissue.This approach facilitates the development of drug delivery electrodes for resolving complications caused by implantable electrodes.展开更多
Silicon/carbon composites,which integrate the high lithium storage performance of silicon with the exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity of carbon,will replace the traditional graphite electrodes for high-e...Silicon/carbon composites,which integrate the high lithium storage performance of silicon with the exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity of carbon,will replace the traditional graphite electrodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries.Various strategies have been designed to synthesize silicon/carbon composites for tackling the issues of anode pulverization and poor stability in the anodes,thereby improving the lithium storage ability.The effect of the regulation method at each scale on the final negative electrode performance remains unclear.However,it has not been fully clarified how the regulation methods at each scale influence the final anode performance.This review will categorize the materials structure into three scales:molecular scale,nanoscale,and microscale.First,the review will examine modification methods at the molecular scale,focusing on the interfacial bonding force between silicon and carbon.Next,it will summarize various nanostructures and special shapes in the nanoscale to explore the construction of silicon/carbon composites.Lastly,the review will provide an analysis of microscale control approaches,focusing on the formation of composite particle with micron size and the utilization of micro-Si.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the multi-scale design of silicon/carbon composite anode materials and their optimization strategies to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
The interfacial contacts between the electron transporting layers(ETLs)and the photoactive layers are crucial to device performance and stability for OSCs with inverted architecture.Herein,atomic layer deposition(ALD)...The interfacial contacts between the electron transporting layers(ETLs)and the photoactive layers are crucial to device performance and stability for OSCs with inverted architecture.Herein,atomic layer deposition(ALD)fabricated ultrathin Al_(2)O_(3)layers are applied to modify the ETLs/active blends(PM6:BTP-BO-4F)interfaces of OSCs,thus improving device performance.The ALD-Al_(2)O_(3)thin layers on ZnO significantly improved its surface morphology,which led to the decreased work function of ZnO and reduced recombination losses in devices.The simultaneous increase in open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)),short-circuit current density(J_(SC))and fill factor(FF)were achieved for the OSCs incorporated with ALD-Al_(2)O_(3)interlayers of a certain thickness,which produced a maximum PCE of 16.61%.Moreover,the ALD-Al_(2)O_(3)interlayers had significantly enhanced device stability by suppressing degradation of the photoactive layers induced by the photocatalytic activity of ZnO and passivating surface defects of ZnO that may play the role of active sites for the adsorption of oxygen and moisture.展开更多
Post-earthquake rescue missions are full of challenges due to the unstable structure of ruins and successive aftershocks.Most of the current rescue robots lack the ability to interact with environments,leading to low ...Post-earthquake rescue missions are full of challenges due to the unstable structure of ruins and successive aftershocks.Most of the current rescue robots lack the ability to interact with environments,leading to low rescue efficiency.The multimodal electronic skin(e-skin)proposed not only reproduces the pressure,temperature,and humidity sensing capabilities of natural skin but also develops sensing functions beyond it—perceiving object proximity and NO2 gas.Its multilayer stacked structure based on Ecoflex and organohydrogel endows the e-skin with mechanical properties similar to natural skin.Rescue robots integrated with multimodal e-skin and artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms show strong environmental perception capabilities and can accurately distinguish objects and identify human limbs through grasping,laying the foundation for automated post-earthquake rescue.Besides,the combination of e-skin and NO2 wireless alarm circuits allows robots to sense toxic gases in the environment in real time,thereby adopting appropriate measures to protect trapped people from the toxic environment.Multimodal e-skin powered by AI algorithms and hardware circuits exhibits powerful environmental perception and information processing capabilities,which,as an interface for interaction with the physical world,dramatically expands intelligent robots’application scenarios.展开更多
Convenient,rapid,and accurate detection of cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is crucial in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor is a promising choice in this field,becau...Convenient,rapid,and accurate detection of cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is crucial in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor is a promising choice in this field,because of the flexibility,porosity,and cost-efficacy of the paper.However,paper is poor in electronic conductivity and surface functionality.Herein,we report a paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for the label-free detection of cTnI with the working electrode modified by MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2))nanosheets.In order to immobilize the bio-receptor(anti-cTnI)on the MXene-modified working electrode,the MXene nanosheets were functionalized by aminosilane,and the functionalized MXene was immobilized onto the surface of the working electrode through Nafion.The large surface area of the MXene nanosheets facilitates the immobilization of antibodies,and the excellent conductivity facilitates the electron transfer between the electrochemical species and the underlying electrode surface.As a result,the paper-based immunosensor could detect cTnI within a wide range of 5-100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.58 ng/mL.The immunosensor also shows outstanding selectivity and good repeatability.Our MXene-modified paper-based electrochemical immunosensor enables fast and sensitive detection of cTnI,which may be used in real-time and cost-efficient monitoring of AMI diseases in clinics.展开更多
Tyrosinase is an important enzyme in controlling the formation of melanin in melanosome,and plays a key role in the pigmentation of hair and skin.The abnormal expression or activation of tyrosinase is associated with ...Tyrosinase is an important enzyme in controlling the formation of melanin in melanosome,and plays a key role in the pigmentation of hair and skin.The abnormal expression or activation of tyrosinase is associated with several diseases such as albinism,vitiligo,melanoma and Parkinson disease.Excessive deposition of melanin could cause diseases such as freckles and brown spots in the human body,and it is also closely related to browning of fruits and vegetables and insect molting.Detecting and inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase is of extraordinary value in the progress of diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.Therefore,many selective optical detection probes and small molecular inhibitors have been developed,and have made significant contributions to the basic and clinical research on these diseases.In this paper,the detection and inhibition of tyrosinase and their application in whitening products are reviewed,with special emphasis on development of fluorescent probes and inhibitors.Hopefully,this review will help design more efficient and sensitive tyrosinase probes and inhibitors,as well as shed light on novel treatment of diseases such as melanoma.展开更多
Triboluminescence,also as known as mechanoluminescence,is an attractive optical behavior that means the light emitted from specific organic and inorganic materials when they are subjected to external forces,such as cr...Triboluminescence,also as known as mechanoluminescence,is an attractive optical behavior that means the light emitted from specific organic and inorganic materials when they are subjected to external forces,such as crushing,deformation,cleaving,vibration.Inorganic triboluminescent materials show great potential for applications in sensing,such as stress sensing,damage detection.However,the triboluminescent mechanism of organic materials should be pushed further as well as their application.In this review,we summarized the history of development and possible mechanism of organic triboluminescent materials,and discussed various applications in sensing field.At the same time,inspired by the existing research progress in inorganic triboluminescent materials,we proposed the flourishing development prospects of organic triboluminescent materials in stress sensors,movement monitoring,imaging stress distribution,visualization of crack propagation,structural diagnosis,and other fields.展开更多
Benefiting from the superior optoelectronic properties and low-cost manufacturing techniques,mixedhalide wide bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are currently considered as ideal top cells for fabricating multi-j...Benefiting from the superior optoelectronic properties and low-cost manufacturing techniques,mixedhalide wide bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are currently considered as ideal top cells for fabricating multi-junction or tandem solar cells,which are designed to beyond the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)limit of single-junction solar cells.However,the poor long-term operational stability of WBG PSCs limits their further employment and hinders the marketization of multi-junction or tandem solar cells.In this review,recent progresses on improving environmental stability of mixed-halide WBG PSCs through different strategies,including compositional engineering,additive engineering,interface engineering,and other strategies,are summarized.Then,the outlook and potential direction are discussed and explored to promote the further development of WBG PSCs and their applications in multijunction or tandem solar cells.展开更多
The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovs...The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites with low bandgaps have been rapidly developed,and their single junction solar cells have reached power conversion efficiency(PCE)over 21%,which also makes them ideal candidate as low bandgap sub-cell for tandem device.Nevertheless,due to the incorporation of unstable Sn^(2+),the stability issue becomes the vital problem for the further development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this review,we are dedicated to give a full view in current understanding on the stability issue of SnPb mixed perovskites and their PSCs.We begin with the demonstration on the origin of instability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites,including oxidation of Sn^(2+),defects,and interfacial layer induced instability.Sequentially,the up-to-date developments on the stability improvement of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs is systematically reviewed,including composition engineering,additive engineering,and interfacial engineering.At last,the current challenges and future perspectives on the stability study of Sn-Pb mixed PSCs are discussed,which we hope could promote the further application of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites towards commercialization.展开更多
Quasi-two-dimensional(quasi-2D)perovskites with high stability usually suffers from poor device efficiency.Chemical tuning of the spacer cations has been an effective strategy to achieve efficient and stable quasi-2D ...Quasi-two-dimensional(quasi-2D)perovskites with high stability usually suffers from poor device efficiency.Chemical tuning of the spacer cations has been an effective strategy to achieve efficient and stable quasi-2D perovskite solar cells.Here,we demonstrate that 3-halogon-substituted benzylammonium iodide(3X-BAI,X=F,Cl,Br,I)can significantly affect the orientation of low-dimensional perovskites and charge transport from perovskite to hole extraction layer,as well as device performance.With 3Br-BAI,we achieve the highest device efficiency of 13.21%for quasi-2D perovskites with a nominal n=3 average composition.Our work provides a facile approach to regulate vertical crystal orientation and charge transport via tuning the molecular structure of organic spacer toward high performance quasi-2D perovskite solar cells.展开更多
Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)have wide applications in the areaof lighting,medical devices,display screens,etc.Owing to theexcellent optoelectronic properties and the facile solution proces-sing methods,organometal hali...Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)have wide applications in the areaof lighting,medical devices,display screens,etc.Owing to theexcellent optoelectronic properties and the facile solution proces-sing methods,organometal halide perovskites are extensively stu-died and proved to be promising light.emitting materials to fabri-cate LED devices[1-2].Generally,nonradiative recombination andlight trapping are two main factors to impede the efficiency en-hancement of LEDs,which are more serious in perovskite mate-rials for the high refractive index.展开更多
In practical lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs),the shuttle effect and Li cycling coulombic efficiency(CE) are strongly affected by the physicochemical properties of solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).LiNO_(3) is widely us...In practical lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs),the shuttle effect and Li cycling coulombic efficiency(CE) are strongly affected by the physicochemical properties of solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).LiNO_(3) is widely used as an additive in electrolytes to build a high-quality SEI,but its self-sacrificial nature limits the ability to mitigate the shuttle effect and stabilize Li anode during long-term cycling.To counteract LiNO_(3) consumption during long-term cycling without using a high initial concentration,inspired by sustainedrelease drugs,we encapsulated LiNO_(3) in lithiated Nafion polymer and added an electrolyte co-solvent(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl ether) with poor LiNO_(3) solubility to construct highquality and durable F-and N-rich SEI.Theoretical calculations,experiments,multiphysics simulations,and in-situ observations confirmed that the F-and N-rich SEI can modulate lithium deposition behavior and allow persistent repair of SEI during prolonged cycling.Hence,the F-and N-rich SEI improves the Li anode cycling CE to 99.63% and alleviates the shuttle effect during long-term cycling.The lithium anode with sustainable F-and N-rich SEI shows a stable Li plating/stripping over 2000 h at 1 mA cm^(-2).As expected,Li‖S full cells with this SEI achieved a long lifespan of 250 cycles,far exceeding cells with a routine SEI.The Li‖S pouch cell based on F-and N-rich SEI also can achieve a high energy density of about300 Wh kg^(-1) at initial cycles.This strategy provides a novel design for high-quality and durable SEls in LSBs and may also be extendable to other alkali metal batteries.展开更多
Carbon-based microassemblies(CMs) have attracted significant attention in numerous applications due to their unique hierarchical structures and delicate building blocks,especially when hollow carbon spheres(HCSs) are ...Carbon-based microassemblies(CMs) have attracted significant attention in numerous applications due to their unique hierarchical structures and delicate building blocks,especially when hollow carbon spheres(HCSs) are reasonably introduced into the construction.Herein,a new design for novel HCSscombined CMs is proposed.Remarkably,the HCSs are linear carbon bubbles linked one-by-one, arranging into necklaces decorating on the graphene microfolds.Detailed thermal analysis confirm that high temperatures straighten the linked carbon bubbles into bamboo-like carbon nanofibers,evidently due to the attenuation of doping degree.Benefiting from the abundant active sites of carbon bubbles,the obtained CMs exhibit satisfactory electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reactions.This work establishes a bridge to precisely control the synthesis of carbon-based hierarchical architectures.展开更多
Optical cavity has long been critical for a variety of applications ranging from precise measurement to spectral analysis.A number of theories and methods have been successful in describing the optical response of a s...Optical cavity has long been critical for a variety of applications ranging from precise measurement to spectral analysis.A number of theories and methods have been successful in describing the optical response of a stratified optical cavity,while the inverse problem,especially the inverse design of a displacement sensitive cavity,remains a significant challenge due to the cost of computation and comprehensive performance requirements.This paper reports a novel inverse design methodology combining the characteristic matrix method,mixed-discrete variables optimization algorithm,and Monte Carlo method-based tolerance analysis.The material characteristics are indexed to enable the mixed-discrete variables optimization,which yields considerable speed and efficiency improvements.This method allows arbitrary response adjustment with technical feasibility and gives a glimpse into the analytical characterization of the optical response.Two entirely different light-displacement responses,including an asymmetric sawtooth-like response and a highly symmetric response,are dug out and experimentally achieved,which fully confirms the validity of the method.The compact Fabry-Perot cavities have a good balance between performance and feasibility,making them promising candidates for displacement transducers.More importantly,the proposed inverse design paves the way for a universal design of optical cavities,or even nanophotonic devices.展开更多
Accurately forecasting the nonlinear degradation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)using early-cycle data can obviously shorten the battery test time,which accelerates battery optimization and production.In this work,a se...Accurately forecasting the nonlinear degradation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)using early-cycle data can obviously shorten the battery test time,which accelerates battery optimization and production.In this work,a self-adaptive long short-term memory(SA-LSTM)method has been proposed to predict the battery degradation trajectory and battery lifespan with only early cycling data.Specifically,two features were extracted from discharge voltage curves by a time-series-based approach and forecasted to further cycles using SA-LSTM model.The as-obtained features were correlated with the capacity to predict the capacity degradation trajectory by generalized multiple linear regression model.The proposed method achieved an average online prediction error of 6.00%and 6.74%for discharge capacity and end of life,respectively,when using the early-cycle discharge information until 90%capacity retention.Fur-thermore,the importance of temperature control was highlighted by correlat-ing the features with the average temperature in each cycle.This work develops a self-adaptive data-driven method to accurately predict the cycling life of LIBs,and unveils the underlying degradation mechanism and the impor-tance of controlling environmental temperature.展开更多
Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper(2DRP)perovskite exhibits excellent stability in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to introducing hydrophobic long-chain organic spacers.However,the poor charge transporting property of ...Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper(2DRP)perovskite exhibits excellent stability in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to introducing hydrophobic long-chain organic spacers.However,the poor charge transporting property of bulky organic cation spacers limits the performance of 2DRP PSCs.Inspired by the Asite cation alloying strategy in 3D perovskites,2DRP perovskites with a binary spacer can promote charge transporting compared to the unary spacer counterparts.Herein,the superior MA-based 2DRP perovskite films with a binary spacer,including 3-guanidinopropanoic acid(GPA)and 4-fluorophenethylamine(FPEA)are realized.These films(GPA_(0.85)FPEA_(0.15))_(2)MA_(4)Pb_5I_(16)show good morphology,large grain size,decreased trap state density,and preferential orientation of the as-prepared film.Accordingly,the present 2DRP-based PSC with the binary spacer achieves a remarkable efficiency of 18.37%with a V_(OC)of1.15 V,a J_(SC)of 20.13 mA cm^(-2),and an FF of 79.23%.To our knowledge,the PCE value should be the highest for binary spacer MA-based 2DRP(n≤5)PSCs to date.Importantly,owing to the hydrophobic fluorine group of FPEA and the enhanced interlayer interaction by FPEA,the unencapsulated 2DRP PSCs based on binary spacers exhibit much excellent humidity stability and thermal stability than the unary spacer counterparts.展开更多
Ionogels have enabled flexible electronic devices for wide-ranging innovative applications in wearable electronics,soft robotics,and intelligent systems.Ionogels for flexible electronics need to essentially tolerate s...Ionogels have enabled flexible electronic devices for wide-ranging innovative applications in wearable electronics,soft robotics,and intelligent systems.Ionogels for flexible electronics need to essentially tolerate stress,temperature,humidity,and solvents that may cause their electrical conductivity,structural stability,processing compatibility and sensibility failure.Herein,we developed a novel in-situ photopolymerization protocol to fabricate intrinsically conductive,self-gated ionogels via ion-restriction dual effects.Highly sensitive and intelligent safety sensors with tunable stretchability,robust chemical stability,favorable printability,and complete recyclability,are programmed from defined microneedle arrays printed by the intrinsically conductive ionogel.Ultrahigh elasticity(~794%elongation),high compression tolerance(~90%deformation),improved mechanical strength(tensile and compressive strength of~2.0 MPa and~16.3 MPa,respectively)and remark-able transparency(>91.1%transmittance),as well as high-temperature sensitivity(-2.07%℃^(-1))and a wide working range(-40 to200℃)can be achieved.In particular,the intrinsic sensing mechanisms of ion-restriction dual effects are unlocked based on DFT calculations and MD simulations,and operando temperature-dependent FTIR,and Raman technolo-gies.Moreover,the real-time intelligent monitoring systems toward physical signals and precise temperature based on the microneedle array-structures sensors are also presented and demonstrate great potential applications for extreme environ-ments,e.g.,fire,deep-sea or aerospace.展开更多
Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species on conductive scaffolds with limited charge accessible surface is considered as an imperative approach to realize energy-dense and power-intensive lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batter...Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species on conductive scaffolds with limited charge accessible surface is considered as an imperative approach to realize energy-dense and power-intensive lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.In this work,the concept of concurrent hetero-/homo-geneous electrocatalysts is proposed to simultaneously mediate liquid-solid conversion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and solid lithium disulfide/sulfide(Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S)propagation,the latter of which suffers from sluggish reduction kinetics due to buried conductive scaffold surface by extensive deposition of Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S.The selected model material to verify this concept is a two-in-one catalyst:carbon nanotube(CNT)scaffold supported iron-cobalt(Fe-Co)alloy nanoparticles and partially carbonized selenium(C-Se)component.The Fe-Co alloy serves as a heterogeneous electrocatalyst to seed Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S through sulphifilic active sites,while the C-Se sustainably releases soluble lithium polyselenides and functions as a homogeneous electrocatalyst to propagate Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S via solution pathways.Such bi-phasic mediation of the sulfur species benefits reduction kinetics of LiPS conversion,especially for the massive Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S growth scenario by affording an additional solution directed route in case of conductive surface being largely buried.This strategy endows the Li-S batteries with improved cycling stability(836 mA h g^(-1)after 180 cycles),rate capability(547 mA h g^(-1)at 4 C)and high sulfur loading superiority(2.96 mA h cm^(-2)at 2.4 mg cm^(-2)).This work hopes to enlighten the employment of bi-phasic electrocatalysts to dictate liquid-solid transformation of intermediates for conversion chemistry batteries.展开更多
Cervical cancer stands is a formidablemalignancy that poses a significant threat towomen’s health.Calcium overload,a minimally invasive tumor treatment,aims to accumulate an excessive concentration of Ca^(2+)within m...Cervical cancer stands is a formidablemalignancy that poses a significant threat towomen’s health.Calcium overload,a minimally invasive tumor treatment,aims to accumulate an excessive concentration of Ca^(2+)within mitochondria,triggering apoptosis.Copper sulfide(CuS)represents a photothermal mediator for tumor hyperthermia.However,relying solely on thermotherapy often proves insufficient in controlling tumor growth.Curcumin(CUR),an herbal compound with anti-cancer properties,inhibits the efflux of exogenous Ca^(2+)while promoting its excretion from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm.To harness these therapeutic modalities,we have developed a nanoplatform that incorporates hollow CuS nanoparticles(NPs)adorned with multiple CaCO_(3) particles and internally loaded with CUR.This nanocomposite exhibits high uptake and easy escape from lysosomes,along with the degradation of surrounding CaCO3,provoking the generation of abundant exogenous Ca^(2+)in situ,ultimately damaging the mitochondria of diseased cells.Impressively,under laser excitation,the CuS NPs demonstrate a photothermal effect that accelerates the degradation of CaCO_(3),synergistically enhancing the antitumor effect through photothermal therapy.Additionally,fluorescence imaging reveals the distribution of these nanovehicles in vivo,indicating their effective accumulation at the tumor site.This nanoplatform shows promising outcomes for tumor-targeting and the effective treatment in a murine model of cervical cancer,achieved through cascade enhancement of calcium overload-based dual therapy.展开更多
The commercial application of non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts is not only limited by the intrinsic activity of the catalysts,but also the stability of the catalysts is extremely important.Herein,we fabricate...The commercial application of non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts is not only limited by the intrinsic activity of the catalysts,but also the stability of the catalysts is extremely important.Herein,we fabricated an ultra-stable NiFe armored catalyst(Ar-NiFe/NC)by a simple secondary pyrolysis strategy.The as-obtained Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst exhibits an excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance with an activity indicatorΔE of 0.74 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).More importantly,the Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst also shows a remarkable operational and storage stability.After accelerated durability test(ADT)cycles,no obvious degradation of oxygen electrocatalytic performance could be observed.In addition,the Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst still exhibits an unbated oxygen electrocatalytic performance comparable to fresh catalysts after three months of air-exposed storage.The assembled liquid and flexible quasi-solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries with the Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst exhibit impressive performance.The liquid rechargeable Zn-air batteries possess a high open-circuit voltage(OCV)of 1.43 V and a salient peak power density of 146.40 mW·cm^(−2),while the flexible quasi-solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries also exhibit an excellent OCV of 1.60 V and an exciting peak power density of 41.99 mW·cm^(−2).展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52073230,62204204,and 62288102)the Shaanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2023-JC-JQ-32)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project(No.2022ZD0208601)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.21YF1451000)the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20230494).
文摘Cortical electrodes are a powerful tool for the stimulation and/or recording of electrical activity in the nervous system.However,the inevitable wound caused by surgical implantation of electrodes presents bacterial infection and inflammatory reaction risks associated with foreign body exposure.Moreover,inflammation of the wound area can dramatically worsen in response to bacterial infection.These consequences can not only lead to the failure of cortical electrode implantation but also threaten the lives of patients.Herein,we prepared a hydrogel made of bacterial cellulose(BC),a flexible substrate for cortical electrodes,and further loaded antibiotic tetracycline(TC)and the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone(DEX)onto it.The encapsulated drugs can be released from the BC hydrogel and effectively inhibit the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.Next,therapeutic cortical electrodes were developed by integrating the drug-loaded BC hydrogel and nine-channel serpentine arrays;these were used to record electrocorticography(ECoG)signals in a rat model.Due to the controlled release of TC and DEX from the BC hydrogel substrate,therapeutic cortical electrodes can alleviate or prevent symptoms associated with the bacterial infection and inflammation of brain tissue.This approach facilitates the development of drug delivery electrodes for resolving complications caused by implantable electrodes.
基金funded by the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering (MESO-23-T03)the National Natural Science Foundation (22278423)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3805602)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing (2462021QNXZ007)。
文摘Silicon/carbon composites,which integrate the high lithium storage performance of silicon with the exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity of carbon,will replace the traditional graphite electrodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries.Various strategies have been designed to synthesize silicon/carbon composites for tackling the issues of anode pulverization and poor stability in the anodes,thereby improving the lithium storage ability.The effect of the regulation method at each scale on the final negative electrode performance remains unclear.However,it has not been fully clarified how the regulation methods at each scale influence the final anode performance.This review will categorize the materials structure into three scales:molecular scale,nanoscale,and microscale.First,the review will examine modification methods at the molecular scale,focusing on the interfacial bonding force between silicon and carbon.Next,it will summarize various nanostructures and special shapes in the nanoscale to explore the construction of silicon/carbon composites.Lastly,the review will provide an analysis of microscale control approaches,focusing on the formation of composite particle with micron size and the utilization of micro-Si.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the multi-scale design of silicon/carbon composite anode materials and their optimization strategies to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21875106,21850410456,21875052,51972172)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB36000000)Jiangsu Excellent Postdoctoral Program
文摘The interfacial contacts between the electron transporting layers(ETLs)and the photoactive layers are crucial to device performance and stability for OSCs with inverted architecture.Herein,atomic layer deposition(ALD)fabricated ultrathin Al_(2)O_(3)layers are applied to modify the ETLs/active blends(PM6:BTP-BO-4F)interfaces of OSCs,thus improving device performance.The ALD-Al_(2)O_(3)thin layers on ZnO significantly improved its surface morphology,which led to the decreased work function of ZnO and reduced recombination losses in devices.The simultaneous increase in open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)),short-circuit current density(J_(SC))and fill factor(FF)were achieved for the OSCs incorporated with ALD-Al_(2)O_(3)interlayers of a certain thickness,which produced a maximum PCE of 16.61%.Moreover,the ALD-Al_(2)O_(3)interlayers had significantly enhanced device stability by suppressing degradation of the photoactive layers induced by the photocatalytic activity of ZnO and passivating surface defects of ZnO that may play the role of active sites for the adsorption of oxygen and moisture.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61801525)the independent fund of the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies(Sun Yat-sen University)under grant No.OEMT-2022-ZRC-05+3 种基金the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Sichuan University)(Grant No.sklpme2023-3-5))the Foundation of the state key Laboratory of Transducer Technology(No.SKT2301),Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220530161809020&JCYJ20220818100415033)the Young Top Talent of Fujian Young Eagle Program of Fujian Province and Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J02013)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2802051).
文摘Post-earthquake rescue missions are full of challenges due to the unstable structure of ruins and successive aftershocks.Most of the current rescue robots lack the ability to interact with environments,leading to low rescue efficiency.The multimodal electronic skin(e-skin)proposed not only reproduces the pressure,temperature,and humidity sensing capabilities of natural skin but also develops sensing functions beyond it—perceiving object proximity and NO2 gas.Its multilayer stacked structure based on Ecoflex and organohydrogel endows the e-skin with mechanical properties similar to natural skin.Rescue robots integrated with multimodal e-skin and artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms show strong environmental perception capabilities and can accurately distinguish objects and identify human limbs through grasping,laying the foundation for automated post-earthquake rescue.Besides,the combination of e-skin and NO2 wireless alarm circuits allows robots to sense toxic gases in the environment in real time,thereby adopting appropriate measures to protect trapped people from the toxic environment.Multimodal e-skin powered by AI algorithms and hardware circuits exhibits powerful environmental perception and information processing capabilities,which,as an interface for interaction with the physical world,dramatically expands intelligent robots’application scenarios.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0204700)the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(2020GXLH-Z-021)+1 种基金the China-Sweden Joint Mobility Project(51811530018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Convenient,rapid,and accurate detection of cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is crucial in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor is a promising choice in this field,because of the flexibility,porosity,and cost-efficacy of the paper.However,paper is poor in electronic conductivity and surface functionality.Herein,we report a paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for the label-free detection of cTnI with the working electrode modified by MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2))nanosheets.In order to immobilize the bio-receptor(anti-cTnI)on the MXene-modified working electrode,the MXene nanosheets were functionalized by aminosilane,and the functionalized MXene was immobilized onto the surface of the working electrode through Nafion.The large surface area of the MXene nanosheets facilitates the immobilization of antibodies,and the excellent conductivity facilitates the electron transfer between the electrochemical species and the underlying electrode surface.As a result,the paper-based immunosensor could detect cTnI within a wide range of 5-100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.58 ng/mL.The immunosensor also shows outstanding selectivity and good repeatability.Our MXene-modified paper-based electrochemical immunosensor enables fast and sensitive detection of cTnI,which may be used in real-time and cost-efficient monitoring of AMI diseases in clinics.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81672508,21675085)Jiangsu Provincial Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20170041,BK20170042)+5 种基金the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(2020GXLH-Z-008,2020GXLH-Z-023)the Natural Science Basic Research Programof Shaanxi(Program No.2019JM-016)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2020ZDLGY13-04)Open Research Fund of Anhui Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry(20181140)China-Sweden Joint Mobility Project(51811530018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Tyrosinase is an important enzyme in controlling the formation of melanin in melanosome,and plays a key role in the pigmentation of hair and skin.The abnormal expression or activation of tyrosinase is associated with several diseases such as albinism,vitiligo,melanoma and Parkinson disease.Excessive deposition of melanin could cause diseases such as freckles and brown spots in the human body,and it is also closely related to browning of fruits and vegetables and insect molting.Detecting and inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase is of extraordinary value in the progress of diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.Therefore,many selective optical detection probes and small molecular inhibitors have been developed,and have made significant contributions to the basic and clinical research on these diseases.In this paper,the detection and inhibition of tyrosinase and their application in whitening products are reviewed,with special emphasis on development of fluorescent probes and inhibitors.Hopefully,this review will help design more efficient and sensitive tyrosinase probes and inhibitors,as well as shed light on novel treatment of diseases such as melanoma.
基金Project(51703253)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2020GXLH-Z-010)supported by Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,China+6 种基金Project(2020JQ-168)supported by Shaanxi Science and Technology Fund,ChinaProject(201906010091)supported by Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou,ChinaProject(cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0931)supported by Chongqing Science and Technology Fund,ChinaProject(2021A1515010633)supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,ChinaProject(202003N4060)supported by the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(SZKFJJ202001)supported by Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials,ChinaProject(2020Z073053007)supported by Aerospace Science Foundation of China。
文摘Triboluminescence,also as known as mechanoluminescence,is an attractive optical behavior that means the light emitted from specific organic and inorganic materials when they are subjected to external forces,such as crushing,deformation,cleaving,vibration.Inorganic triboluminescent materials show great potential for applications in sensing,such as stress sensing,damage detection.However,the triboluminescent mechanism of organic materials should be pushed further as well as their application.In this review,we summarized the history of development and possible mechanism of organic triboluminescent materials,and discussed various applications in sensing field.At the same time,inspired by the existing research progress in inorganic triboluminescent materials,we proposed the flourishing development prospects of organic triboluminescent materials in stress sensors,movement monitoring,imaging stress distribution,visualization of crack propagation,structural diagnosis,and other fields.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51602149,61705102,61605073,61935017,91833304,and 91733302)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(Grant BK20200034)+5 种基金the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC(51811530018)the Startup Research Foundation from Nanjing Tech University(3827401783,3983500196)the Young 1000 Talents Global Recruitment Program of Chinathe Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor programthe“Six talent peaks”Project in Jiangsu Province,Chinafunding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under Germanys Excellence Strategy-EXC 2089/1-390776260(e-conversion)。
文摘Benefiting from the superior optoelectronic properties and low-cost manufacturing techniques,mixedhalide wide bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are currently considered as ideal top cells for fabricating multi-junction or tandem solar cells,which are designed to beyond the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)limit of single-junction solar cells.However,the poor long-term operational stability of WBG PSCs limits their further employment and hinders the marketization of multi-junction or tandem solar cells.In this review,recent progresses on improving environmental stability of mixed-halide WBG PSCs through different strategies,including compositional engineering,additive engineering,interface engineering,and other strategies,are summarized.Then,the outlook and potential direction are discussed and explored to promote the further development of WBG PSCs and their applications in multijunction or tandem solar cells.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 51972172,61705102,91833304 and 51802253)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JM-326)+5 种基金the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.2020GXLH-Z007)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(Grant BK20200034)the Young 1000 Talents Global Recruitment Program of ChinaJiangsu Specially Appointed Professor program“Six talent peaks”Project in Jiangsu Province,Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites with low bandgaps have been rapidly developed,and their single junction solar cells have reached power conversion efficiency(PCE)over 21%,which also makes them ideal candidate as low bandgap sub-cell for tandem device.Nevertheless,due to the incorporation of unstable Sn^(2+),the stability issue becomes the vital problem for the further development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this review,we are dedicated to give a full view in current understanding on the stability issue of SnPb mixed perovskites and their PSCs.We begin with the demonstration on the origin of instability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites,including oxidation of Sn^(2+),defects,and interfacial layer induced instability.Sequentially,the up-to-date developments on the stability improvement of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs is systematically reviewed,including composition engineering,additive engineering,and interfacial engineering.At last,the current challenges and future perspectives on the stability study of Sn-Pb mixed PSCs are discussed,which we hope could promote the further application of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites towards commercialization.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974066,61961160733,62005223)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(61725502)+2 种基金the Major Program of Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(18KJA510002)the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(2020GXLH-Z-024)the Synergetic Innovation Center for Organic Electronics and Information Displays。
文摘Quasi-two-dimensional(quasi-2D)perovskites with high stability usually suffers from poor device efficiency.Chemical tuning of the spacer cations has been an effective strategy to achieve efficient and stable quasi-2D perovskite solar cells.Here,we demonstrate that 3-halogon-substituted benzylammonium iodide(3X-BAI,X=F,Cl,Br,I)can significantly affect the orientation of low-dimensional perovskites and charge transport from perovskite to hole extraction layer,as well as device performance.With 3Br-BAI,we achieve the highest device efficiency of 13.21%for quasi-2D perovskites with a nominal n=3 average composition.Our work provides a facile approach to regulate vertical crystal orientation and charge transport via tuning the molecular structure of organic spacer toward high performance quasi-2D perovskite solar cells.
文摘Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)have wide applications in the areaof lighting,medical devices,display screens,etc.Owing to theexcellent optoelectronic properties and the facile solution proces-sing methods,organometal halide perovskites are extensively stu-died and proved to be promising light.emitting materials to fabri-cate LED devices[1-2].Generally,nonradiative recombination andlight trapping are two main factors to impede the efficiency en-hancement of LEDs,which are more serious in perovskite mate-rials for the high refractive index.
基金partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52072099, 52102228)Team program of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (TD2021E005)+1 种基金The National general entrepreneurial practice program (202210231088S)The National general innovation training program (202210231076)。
文摘In practical lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs),the shuttle effect and Li cycling coulombic efficiency(CE) are strongly affected by the physicochemical properties of solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).LiNO_(3) is widely used as an additive in electrolytes to build a high-quality SEI,but its self-sacrificial nature limits the ability to mitigate the shuttle effect and stabilize Li anode during long-term cycling.To counteract LiNO_(3) consumption during long-term cycling without using a high initial concentration,inspired by sustainedrelease drugs,we encapsulated LiNO_(3) in lithiated Nafion polymer and added an electrolyte co-solvent(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl ether) with poor LiNO_(3) solubility to construct highquality and durable F-and N-rich SEI.Theoretical calculations,experiments,multiphysics simulations,and in-situ observations confirmed that the F-and N-rich SEI can modulate lithium deposition behavior and allow persistent repair of SEI during prolonged cycling.Hence,the F-and N-rich SEI improves the Li anode cycling CE to 99.63% and alleviates the shuttle effect during long-term cycling.The lithium anode with sustainable F-and N-rich SEI shows a stable Li plating/stripping over 2000 h at 1 mA cm^(-2).As expected,Li‖S full cells with this SEI achieved a long lifespan of 250 cycles,far exceeding cells with a routine SEI.The Li‖S pouch cell based on F-and N-rich SEI also can achieve a high energy density of about300 Wh kg^(-1) at initial cycles.This strategy provides a novel design for high-quality and durable SEls in LSBs and may also be extendable to other alkali metal batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0207201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872139,21905133,51902158)+4 种基金the NSF of Jiangsu Province(BK20170045)the Recruitment Program of Global Experts(1211019)the “Six Talent Peak”Project of Jiangsu Province(XCL-043)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Recruitment Program of Global Experts(1211019,31020200QD041)the Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019K191)。
文摘Carbon-based microassemblies(CMs) have attracted significant attention in numerous applications due to their unique hierarchical structures and delicate building blocks,especially when hollow carbon spheres(HCSs) are reasonably introduced into the construction.Herein,a new design for novel HCSscombined CMs is proposed.Remarkably,the HCSs are linear carbon bubbles linked one-by-one, arranging into necklaces decorating on the graphene microfolds.Detailed thermal analysis confirm that high temperatures straighten the linked carbon bubbles into bamboo-like carbon nanofibers,evidently due to the attenuation of doping degree.Benefiting from the abundant active sites of carbon bubbles,the obtained CMs exhibit satisfactory electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reactions.This work establishes a bridge to precisely control the synthesis of carbon-based hierarchical architectures.
基金We are grateful for financial supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(62004166)Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(202003N4062)+2 种基金National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20200279)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2020JQ-199)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(31020190QD027).
文摘Optical cavity has long been critical for a variety of applications ranging from precise measurement to spectral analysis.A number of theories and methods have been successful in describing the optical response of a stratified optical cavity,while the inverse problem,especially the inverse design of a displacement sensitive cavity,remains a significant challenge due to the cost of computation and comprehensive performance requirements.This paper reports a novel inverse design methodology combining the characteristic matrix method,mixed-discrete variables optimization algorithm,and Monte Carlo method-based tolerance analysis.The material characteristics are indexed to enable the mixed-discrete variables optimization,which yields considerable speed and efficiency improvements.This method allows arbitrary response adjustment with technical feasibility and gives a glimpse into the analytical characterization of the optical response.Two entirely different light-displacement responses,including an asymmetric sawtooth-like response and a highly symmetric response,are dug out and experimentally achieved,which fully confirms the validity of the method.The compact Fabry-Perot cavities have a good balance between performance and feasibility,making them promising candidates for displacement transducers.More importantly,the proposed inverse design paves the way for a universal design of optical cavities,or even nanophotonic devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFB2500300)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Z200011)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2322015,22209093,22209094,22379121,and 21825501)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Accurately forecasting the nonlinear degradation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)using early-cycle data can obviously shorten the battery test time,which accelerates battery optimization and production.In this work,a self-adaptive long short-term memory(SA-LSTM)method has been proposed to predict the battery degradation trajectory and battery lifespan with only early cycling data.Specifically,two features were extracted from discharge voltage curves by a time-series-based approach and forecasted to further cycles using SA-LSTM model.The as-obtained features were correlated with the capacity to predict the capacity degradation trajectory by generalized multiple linear regression model.The proposed method achieved an average online prediction error of 6.00%and 6.74%for discharge capacity and end of life,respectively,when using the early-cycle discharge information until 90%capacity retention.Fur-thermore,the importance of temperature control was highlighted by correlat-ing the features with the average temperature in each cycle.This work develops a self-adaptive data-driven method to accurately predict the cycling life of LIBs,and unveils the underlying degradation mechanism and the impor-tance of controlling environmental temperature.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52372226,52173263,62004167)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant Nos.2022JM-315,2023-JC-QN-0643)+4 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3603703)the Qinchuangyuan High-level Talent Project of Shaanxi(Grant No.QCYRCXM-2022-219)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2022J061)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.2023GXLH-091)the Shccig-Qinling Program and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper(2DRP)perovskite exhibits excellent stability in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to introducing hydrophobic long-chain organic spacers.However,the poor charge transporting property of bulky organic cation spacers limits the performance of 2DRP PSCs.Inspired by the Asite cation alloying strategy in 3D perovskites,2DRP perovskites with a binary spacer can promote charge transporting compared to the unary spacer counterparts.Herein,the superior MA-based 2DRP perovskite films with a binary spacer,including 3-guanidinopropanoic acid(GPA)and 4-fluorophenethylamine(FPEA)are realized.These films(GPA_(0.85)FPEA_(0.15))_(2)MA_(4)Pb_5I_(16)show good morphology,large grain size,decreased trap state density,and preferential orientation of the as-prepared film.Accordingly,the present 2DRP-based PSC with the binary spacer achieves a remarkable efficiency of 18.37%with a V_(OC)of1.15 V,a J_(SC)of 20.13 mA cm^(-2),and an FF of 79.23%.To our knowledge,the PCE value should be the highest for binary spacer MA-based 2DRP(n≤5)PSCs to date.Importantly,owing to the hydrophobic fluorine group of FPEA and the enhanced interlayer interaction by FPEA,the unencapsulated 2DRP PSCs based on binary spacers exhibit much excellent humidity stability and thermal stability than the unary spacer counterparts.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0709900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22175167)the National Key R&D Program of the MOST of China(Grant No.2022YFA1602601).
文摘Ionogels have enabled flexible electronic devices for wide-ranging innovative applications in wearable electronics,soft robotics,and intelligent systems.Ionogels for flexible electronics need to essentially tolerate stress,temperature,humidity,and solvents that may cause their electrical conductivity,structural stability,processing compatibility and sensibility failure.Herein,we developed a novel in-situ photopolymerization protocol to fabricate intrinsically conductive,self-gated ionogels via ion-restriction dual effects.Highly sensitive and intelligent safety sensors with tunable stretchability,robust chemical stability,favorable printability,and complete recyclability,are programmed from defined microneedle arrays printed by the intrinsically conductive ionogel.Ultrahigh elasticity(~794%elongation),high compression tolerance(~90%deformation),improved mechanical strength(tensile and compressive strength of~2.0 MPa and~16.3 MPa,respectively)and remark-able transparency(>91.1%transmittance),as well as high-temperature sensitivity(-2.07%℃^(-1))and a wide working range(-40 to200℃)can be achieved.In particular,the intrinsic sensing mechanisms of ion-restriction dual effects are unlocked based on DFT calculations and MD simulations,and operando temperature-dependent FTIR,and Raman technolo-gies.Moreover,the real-time intelligent monitoring systems toward physical signals and precise temperature based on the microneedle array-structures sensors are also presented and demonstrate great potential applications for extreme environ-ments,e.g.,fire,deep-sea or aerospace.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379121)Shenzhen Foundation Research Program(JCYJ20220530112812028)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(G2022KY0606)Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Open Fund(2023FE005)。
文摘Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species on conductive scaffolds with limited charge accessible surface is considered as an imperative approach to realize energy-dense and power-intensive lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.In this work,the concept of concurrent hetero-/homo-geneous electrocatalysts is proposed to simultaneously mediate liquid-solid conversion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and solid lithium disulfide/sulfide(Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S)propagation,the latter of which suffers from sluggish reduction kinetics due to buried conductive scaffold surface by extensive deposition of Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S.The selected model material to verify this concept is a two-in-one catalyst:carbon nanotube(CNT)scaffold supported iron-cobalt(Fe-Co)alloy nanoparticles and partially carbonized selenium(C-Se)component.The Fe-Co alloy serves as a heterogeneous electrocatalyst to seed Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S through sulphifilic active sites,while the C-Se sustainably releases soluble lithium polyselenides and functions as a homogeneous electrocatalyst to propagate Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S via solution pathways.Such bi-phasic mediation of the sulfur species benefits reduction kinetics of LiPS conversion,especially for the massive Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S growth scenario by affording an additional solution directed route in case of conductive surface being largely buried.This strategy endows the Li-S batteries with improved cycling stability(836 mA h g^(-1)after 180 cycles),rate capability(547 mA h g^(-1)at 4 C)and high sulfur loading superiority(2.96 mA h cm^(-2)at 2.4 mg cm^(-2)).This work hopes to enlighten the employment of bi-phasic electrocatalysts to dictate liquid-solid transformation of intermediates for conversion chemistry batteries.
基金This research was sponsored by the key research program of Ningbo(No.2023Z210)funded by Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(No.202003N4006)the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province,Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.2020GXLH-Z-017).
文摘Cervical cancer stands is a formidablemalignancy that poses a significant threat towomen’s health.Calcium overload,a minimally invasive tumor treatment,aims to accumulate an excessive concentration of Ca^(2+)within mitochondria,triggering apoptosis.Copper sulfide(CuS)represents a photothermal mediator for tumor hyperthermia.However,relying solely on thermotherapy often proves insufficient in controlling tumor growth.Curcumin(CUR),an herbal compound with anti-cancer properties,inhibits the efflux of exogenous Ca^(2+)while promoting its excretion from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm.To harness these therapeutic modalities,we have developed a nanoplatform that incorporates hollow CuS nanoparticles(NPs)adorned with multiple CaCO_(3) particles and internally loaded with CUR.This nanocomposite exhibits high uptake and easy escape from lysosomes,along with the degradation of surrounding CaCO3,provoking the generation of abundant exogenous Ca^(2+)in situ,ultimately damaging the mitochondria of diseased cells.Impressively,under laser excitation,the CuS NPs demonstrate a photothermal effect that accelerates the degradation of CaCO_(3),synergistically enhancing the antitumor effect through photothermal therapy.Additionally,fluorescence imaging reveals the distribution of these nanovehicles in vivo,indicating their effective accumulation at the tumor site.This nanoplatform shows promising outcomes for tumor-targeting and the effective treatment in a murine model of cervical cancer,achieved through cascade enhancement of calcium overload-based dual therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22102132)the Funds for Basic Scientific Research in Central Universities and the Youth Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2021JQ-087)+1 种基金Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(No.2021J053)the open research fund of Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays.
文摘The commercial application of non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts is not only limited by the intrinsic activity of the catalysts,but also the stability of the catalysts is extremely important.Herein,we fabricated an ultra-stable NiFe armored catalyst(Ar-NiFe/NC)by a simple secondary pyrolysis strategy.The as-obtained Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst exhibits an excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance with an activity indicatorΔE of 0.74 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).More importantly,the Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst also shows a remarkable operational and storage stability.After accelerated durability test(ADT)cycles,no obvious degradation of oxygen electrocatalytic performance could be observed.In addition,the Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst still exhibits an unbated oxygen electrocatalytic performance comparable to fresh catalysts after three months of air-exposed storage.The assembled liquid and flexible quasi-solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries with the Ar-NiFe/NC electrocatalyst exhibit impressive performance.The liquid rechargeable Zn-air batteries possess a high open-circuit voltage(OCV)of 1.43 V and a salient peak power density of 146.40 mW·cm^(−2),while the flexible quasi-solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries also exhibit an excellent OCV of 1.60 V and an exciting peak power density of 41.99 mW·cm^(−2).
