Assume that L is a non-negative self-adjoint operator on L^(2)(ℝ^(n))with its heat kernels satisfying the so-called Gaussian upper bound estimate and that X is a ball quasi-Banach function space onℝ^(n) satisfying som...Assume that L is a non-negative self-adjoint operator on L^(2)(ℝ^(n))with its heat kernels satisfying the so-called Gaussian upper bound estimate and that X is a ball quasi-Banach function space onℝ^(n) satisfying some mild assumptions.Let HX,L(ℝ^(n))be the Hardy space associated with both X and L,which is defined by the Lusin area function related to the semigroup generated by L.In this article,the authors establish various maximal function characterizations of the Hardy space HX,L(ℝ^(n))and then apply these characterizations to obtain the solvability of the related Cauchy problem.These results have a wide range of generality and,in particular,the specific spaces X to which these results can be applied include the weighted space,the variable space,the mixed-norm space,the Orlicz space,the Orlicz-slice space,and the Morrey space.Moreover,the obtained maximal function characterizations of the mixed-norm Hardy space,the Orlicz-slice Hardy space,and the Morrey-Hardy space associated with L are completely new.展开更多
In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or ext...In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or extinction of the prey and of the predator separately in various moving frames.In particular,they achieved a complete picture in the local diffusion case.However,the question of the persistence of the prey and of the predator in some intermediate moving frames in the nonlocal diffusion case was left open in Choi et al.'s paper.By using some a prior estimates,the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and a diagonal extraction process,we can extend and improve the main results of Choi et al.to achieve a complete picture in the nonlocal diffusion case.展开更多
This paper is mainly about the spectral properties of a class of Jacobi operators(H_(c,b)u)(n)=c_(n)u(n+1)+c_(n-1)u(n-1)+b_(n)u(n),.where∣c_(n)−1∣=O(n^(−α))and b_(n)=O(n^(−1)).We will show that,forα≥1,the singula...This paper is mainly about the spectral properties of a class of Jacobi operators(H_(c,b)u)(n)=c_(n)u(n+1)+c_(n-1)u(n-1)+b_(n)u(n),.where∣c_(n)−1∣=O(n^(−α))and b_(n)=O(n^(−1)).We will show that,forα≥1,the singular continuous spectrum of the operator is empty.展开更多
Let q∈(0,∞]andϕbe a Musielak-Orlicz function with uniformly lower type p_(ϕ)^(−)∈(0,∞)and uniformly upper type p_(ϕ)^(−)∈(0,∞).In this article,the authors establish various realvariable characterizations of the ...Let q∈(0,∞]andϕbe a Musielak-Orlicz function with uniformly lower type p_(ϕ)^(−)∈(0,∞)and uniformly upper type p_(ϕ)^(−)∈(0,∞).In this article,the authors establish various realvariable characterizations of the Musielak-Orlicz-Lorentz Hardy space H^(ϕ,q)(R^(n)),respectively,in terms of various maximal functions,finite atoms,and various Little wood-Paley functions.As applications,the authors obtain the dual space of Hϕ,q(Rn)and the summability of Fourier transforms from Hϕ,q(Rn)to the Musielak-Orlicz-Lorentz space L^(ϕ,q)(R^(n))when q∈(0,∞)or from the Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space Hϕ(Rn)to Lϕ,∞(Rn)in the critical case.These results are new when q∈(0,∞)and also essentially improve the existing corresponding results(if any)in the case q=∞via removing the original assumption thatϕis concave.To overcome the essential obstacles caused by both thatϕmay not be concave and that the boundedness of the powered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on associated spaces of Musielak-Orlicz spaces is still unknown,the authors make full use of the obtained atomic characterization of H^(ϕ,q)(R^(n)),the corresponding results related to weighted Lebesgue spaces,and the subtle relation between Musielak-Orlicz spaces and weighted Lebesgue spaces.展开更多
Let L:=-△+V be the Schrodinger operator on R^(n)with n≥3,where V is a non-negative potential satisfying△^(-1)(V)∈L^(∞)(R^(n)).Let w be an L-harmonic function,determined by V,satisfying that there exists a positiv...Let L:=-△+V be the Schrodinger operator on R^(n)with n≥3,where V is a non-negative potential satisfying△^(-1)(V)∈L^(∞)(R^(n)).Let w be an L-harmonic function,determined by V,satisfying that there exists a positive constantδsuch that,for any x∈Rn,0<δ≤w(x)≤1.Assume that p(·):R^(n)→(0,1]is a variable exponent satisfying the globally log-Hölder continuous condition.In this article,the authors show that the mappings HL^(p)(·))(R^(n))■f■wf∈H^(p)(·)(R^(n))and HL^(p(·))(R^(n))■f■(-△)^(1/2)L^(-1/2)(f)∈H^(p(·))(R^(n))are isomorphisms between the variable Hardy spaces HL^(p(·))(R^(n)),associated with L,and the variable Hardy spaces H^(p(·))(R^(n)).展开更多
Let a:=(a_(1),...,a_(n))2[1,∞)^(n),p∈(0,1),andα:=1/p-1.For any x∈R^(n)and t∈[0,∞),letΦ_(p)(x,t):={t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)if να■N,t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)[log(e+|x|a)]^(p)if να∈N,let where [·]a:=1+...Let a:=(a_(1),...,a_(n))2[1,∞)^(n),p∈(0,1),andα:=1/p-1.For any x∈R^(n)and t∈[0,∞),letΦ_(p)(x,t):={t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)if να■N,t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)[log(e+|x|a)]^(p)if να∈N,let where [·]a:=1+|·|a,|·|a denotes the anisotropic quasi-homogeneous norm with respect to a,and ν:=a_(1)+…+a_(n).Let H_(a)^(p)(R^(n)),L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)),and H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n))be,respectively,the anisotropic Hardy space,the anisotropic Campanato space,and the anisotropic Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space associated with Φ_(p) on R^(n).In this article,via first establishing the wavelet characterization of anisotropic Campanato spaces,we prove that for any f∈H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))and g∈L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)),the product of f and g can be decomposed into S(f,g)+T(f,g) in the sense of tempered distributions,where S is a bilinear operator bounded from H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))*L_(a)^(a)(R^(Φ_(p))) to L^(1)(R^(n)) and T is a bilinear operator bounded from H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))*L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)) to H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n)) .Moreover,this bilinear decomposition is sharp in the dual sense that any y■H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n)) that fits into the above bilinear decomposition should satisfy(L^(1)(R^(n))+y)*=(L^(1)(R^(n)+H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n))*.As applications,for any non-constant b∈L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)) and any sublinear operator T satisfying some mild bounded assumptions,we find the largest subspace of H_(a)^(p)(R^(n)),denoted by H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n)),such that the commutator [b,T] is bounded from H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n))to L^(1)(R^(n)).In addition,when T is an anisotropic CalderónZygmund operator,the boundedness of [b,T] from H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n))to L^(1)(R^(n))(or to H_(a)^(1)(R^(n)) is also presented.The key of their proofs is the wavelet characterization of function spaces under consideration.展开更多
Consider a branching random walk with a random environment in time in the d-dimensional integer lattice.The branching mechanism is governed by a supercritical branching process,and the particles perform a lazy random ...Consider a branching random walk with a random environment in time in the d-dimensional integer lattice.The branching mechanism is governed by a supercritical branching process,and the particles perform a lazy random walk with an independent,non-identical increment distribution.For A■Z^(d),let Z_(n)(A)be the number of offsprings of generation n located in A.The exact convergence rate of the local limit theorem for the counting measure Z_(n)(·)is obtained.This partially extends the previous results for a simple branching random walk derived by Gao(2017,Stoch.Process Appl.).展开更多
The explicit solutions to both the Oldroyd-B model with an infinite Weissenberg number and the coupled Navier–Stokes/phase-field system are constructed by the method of separation of variables.It is found that the so...The explicit solutions to both the Oldroyd-B model with an infinite Weissenberg number and the coupled Navier–Stokes/phase-field system are constructed by the method of separation of variables.It is found that the solutions blow up in finite time.展开更多
Under semi-weak and weak compatibility conditions of bimodules,we establish necessary and sufficient conditions of Gorenstein-projective modules over rings of Morita contexts with one bimodule homomorphism zero.This e...Under semi-weak and weak compatibility conditions of bimodules,we establish necessary and sufficient conditions of Gorenstein-projective modules over rings of Morita contexts with one bimodule homomorphism zero.This extends greatly the results on triangular matrix Artin algebras and on Artin algebras of Morita contexts with two bimodule homomorphisms zero in the literature,where only sufficient conditions are given under a strong assumption of compatibility of bimodules.An application is provided to describe Gorenstein-projective modules over noncommutative tensor products arising from Morita contexts.Our results are proved under a general setting of noetherian rings and modules instead of Artin algebras and modules.展开更多
We present an example of a potential such that the corresponding discrete Schrödinger operator has singular continuous spectrum embedded in the absolutely continuous spectrum.
In this article,the authors first establish the point wise characterizations of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with generalized smoothness on R;via the Hajlasz gradient sequences,which serve as a way to extend thes...In this article,the authors first establish the point wise characterizations of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with generalized smoothness on R;via the Hajlasz gradient sequences,which serve as a way to extend these spaces to more general metric measure spaces.Moreover,on metric spaces with doubling measures,the authors further prove that the Besov and the Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with generalized smoothness defined via Hajlasz gradient sequences coincide with those defined via hyperbolic fillings.As an application,some trace theorems of these spaces on Ahlfors regular spaces are established.展开更多
In this article,the authors introduce the spaces of Lipschitz type on spaces of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss,and discuss their relations with Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces.As an application,t...In this article,the authors introduce the spaces of Lipschitz type on spaces of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss,and discuss their relations with Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces.As an application,the authors establish the difference characterization of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on spaces of homogeneous type.A major novelty of this article is that all results presented in this article get rid of the dependence on the reverse doubling assumption of the considered measure of the underlying spaceχvia using the geometrical property ofχexpressed by its dyadic reference points,dyadic cubes,and the(local)lower bound.Moreover,some results when p≤1 but near to 1 are new even whenχis an RD-space.展开更多
In this paper,we systematically study several classes of maximal singular integrals and maximal functions with rough kernels in Fβ(S^n-1),a topic that relates to the Grafakos-Stefanov class.The boundedness and contin...In this paper,we systematically study several classes of maximal singular integrals and maximal functions with rough kernels in Fβ(S^n-1),a topic that relates to the Grafakos-Stefanov class.The boundedness and continuity of these operators on Triebel-Lizorkin spaces and Besov spaces are discussed.展开更多
In this paper,stochastic properties of solution for a chemostat model with a distributed delay and random disturbance are studied,and we use distribution delay to simulate the delay in nutrient conversion.By the linea...In this paper,stochastic properties of solution for a chemostat model with a distributed delay and random disturbance are studied,and we use distribution delay to simulate the delay in nutrient conversion.By the linear chain technique,we transform the stochastic chemostat model with weak kernel into an equivalent degenerate system which contains three equations.First,we state that this model has a unique global positive solution for any initial value,which is helpful to explore its stochastic properties.Furthermore,we prove the stochastic ultimate boundness of the solution of system.Then sufficient conditions for solution of the system tending toward the boundary equilibrium point at exponential rate are established,which means the microorganism will be extinct.Moreover,we also obtain some sufficient conditions for ergodicity of solution of this system by constructing some suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions.Finally,we provide some numerical examples to illustrate theoretical results,and some conclusions and analysis are given.展开更多
Let X be a ball quasi-Banach function space on R^(n).In this article,we introduce the weak Hardytype space WH_(X)(R^(n)),associated with X,via the radial maximal function.Assuming that the powered HardyLittlewood maxi...Let X be a ball quasi-Banach function space on R^(n).In this article,we introduce the weak Hardytype space WH_(X)(R^(n)),associated with X,via the radial maximal function.Assuming that the powered HardyLittlewood maximal operator satisfies some Fefferman-Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on X as well as it is bounded on both the weak ball quasi-Banach function space WX and the associated space,we then establish several real-variable characterizations of WH_(X)(R^(n)),respectively,in terms of various maximal functions,atoms and molecules.As an application,we obtain the boundedness of Calderón-Zygmund operators from the Hardy space H_(X)(R^(n))to WH_(X)(Rn),which includes the critical case.All these results are of wide applications.Particularly,when X:=M^(q)_(p)(R^(n))(the Morrey space),X:=L^(p)(R^(n))(the mixed-norm Lebesgue space)and X:=(EΦq)t(Rn)(the Orlicz-slice space),which are all ball quasi-Banach function spaces rather than quasiBanach function spaces,all these results are even new.Due to the generality,more applications of these results are predictable.展开更多
Let X be a ball quasi-Banach function space satisfying some mild additional assumptions and H x(R n)the associated Hardy-type space.In this article,we first establish the finite atomic characterization of H x(R n).As ...Let X be a ball quasi-Banach function space satisfying some mild additional assumptions and H x(R n)the associated Hardy-type space.In this article,we first establish the finite atomic characterization of H x(R n).As an application,we prove that the dual space of H x(Rn)is the Campanato space associated with X.For any given a∈(0,1]and s∈Z+,using the atomic and the Littlewood—Paley function characterizations of H x(Rn),we also establish its 5-order intrinsic square function characterizations,respectively,in terms of the intrinsic Lusin-area function S a,s,the intrinsic g-function g a,s,and the intrinsic g*λ-function g*λ,a,s,whereλcoincides with the best known range.展开更多
Assume that(X,d,μ) is a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss(1971,1977). In this article, motivated by the breakthrough work of Auscher and Hyt(o|¨)nen(2013) on orthonormal bases of regula...Assume that(X,d,μ) is a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss(1971,1977). In this article, motivated by the breakthrough work of Auscher and Hyt(o|¨)nen(2013) on orthonormal bases of regular wavelets on spaces of homogeneous type, we introduce a new kind of approximations of the identity with exponential decay(for short, exp-ATI). Via such an exp-ATI, motivated by another creative idea of Han et al.(2018) to merge the aforementioned orthonormal bases of regular wavelets into the frame of the existed distributional theory on spaces of homogeneous type, we establish the homogeneous continuous/discrete Calderón reproducing formulae on(X, d,μ), as well as their inhomogeneous counterparts. The novelty of this article exists in that d is only assumed to be a quasi-metric and the underlying measure μ a doubling measure,not necessary to satisfy the reverse doubling condition. It is well known that Calderón reproducing formulae are the cornerstone to develop analysis and, especially, harmonic analysis on spaces of homogeneous type.展开更多
Let(X,ρ,μ)be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss,and Y(X)a ball quasi-Banach function space on X,which supports both a Fefferman–Stein vector-valued maximal inequality and the boundedness ...Let(X,ρ,μ)be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss,and Y(X)a ball quasi-Banach function space on X,which supports both a Fefferman–Stein vector-valued maximal inequality and the boundedness of the powered Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator on its associate space.The authors first introduce the Hardy space H_(Y)(X)associated with Y(X),via the Lusin-area function,and then establish its various equivalent characterizations,respectively,in terms of atoms,molecules,and Littlewood–Paley g-functions and g_(λ)^(*)-functions.As an application,the authors obtain the boundedness of Calderón–Zygmund operators from H_(Y)(X)to Y(X),or to H_(Y)(X)via first establishing a boundedness criterion of linear operators on H_(Y)(X).All these results have a wide range of generality and,particularly,even when they are applied to variable Hardy spaces,the obtained results are also new.The major novelties of this article exist in that,to escape the reverse doubling condition ofμand the triangle inequality ofρ,the authors subtly use the wavelet reproducing formula,originally establish an admissible molecular characterization of H_(Y)(X),and fully apply the geometrical properties of X expressed by dyadic reference points or dyadic cubes.展开更多
In this article,the authors give a survey about the recent developments of intrinsic square function characterizations and their applications on several Hardy-type spaces,including(weak)Musielak-Orlicz Hardy spaces,va...In this article,the authors give a survey about the recent developments of intrinsic square function characterizations and their applications on several Hardy-type spaces,including(weak)Musielak-Orlicz Hardy spaces,variable(weak)Hardy spaces,and Hardy spaces associated with ball quasi-Banach function spaces.The authors also present some open problems.展开更多
Let a:=(a1,…,an)∈[1,∞)n,p:=(p1,…,pn)∈(0,1]n,Hpa(R^(n))be the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space associated with adefined via the radial maximal function,and let f belong to the Hardy space Hpa(R^(n)).In this arti...Let a:=(a1,…,an)∈[1,∞)n,p:=(p1,…,pn)∈(0,1]n,Hpa(R^(n))be the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space associated with adefined via the radial maximal function,and let f belong to the Hardy space Hpa(R^(n)).In this article,we show that the Fourier transform fcoincides with a continuous function g onℝn in the sense of tempered distributions and,moreover,this continuous function g,multiplied by a step function associated with a,can be pointwisely controlled by a constant multiple of the Hardy space norm of f.These proofs are achieved via the known atomic characterization of Hpa(R^(n))and the establishment of two uniform estimates on anisotropic mixed-norm atoms.As applications,we also conclude a higher order convergence of the continuous function gat the origin.Finally,a variant of the Hardy-Littlewood inequality in the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space setting is also obtained.All these results are a natural generalization of the well-known corresponding conclusions of the classical Hardy spaces Hp(R^(n))with p∈0,1],and are even new for isotropic mixed-norm Hardy spaces on∈n.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0712900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12371093,12071197,12122102 and 12071431)+2 种基金the Key Project of Gansu Provincial National Science Foundation(23JRRA1022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2233300008 and lzujbky-2021-ey18)the Innovative Groups of Basic Research in Gansu Province(22JR5RA391).
文摘Assume that L is a non-negative self-adjoint operator on L^(2)(ℝ^(n))with its heat kernels satisfying the so-called Gaussian upper bound estimate and that X is a ball quasi-Banach function space onℝ^(n) satisfying some mild assumptions.Let HX,L(ℝ^(n))be the Hardy space associated with both X and L,which is defined by the Lusin area function related to the semigroup generated by L.In this article,the authors establish various maximal function characterizations of the Hardy space HX,L(ℝ^(n))and then apply these characterizations to obtain the solvability of the related Cauchy problem.These results have a wide range of generality and,in particular,the specific spaces X to which these results can be applied include the weighted space,the variable space,the mixed-norm space,the Orlicz space,the Orlicz-slice space,and the Morrey space.Moreover,the obtained maximal function characterizations of the mixed-norm Hardy space,the Orlicz-slice Hardy space,and the Morrey-Hardy space associated with L are completely new.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12171039,12271044)。
文摘In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or extinction of the prey and of the predator separately in various moving frames.In particular,they achieved a complete picture in the local diffusion case.However,the question of the persistence of the prey and of the predator in some intermediate moving frames in the nonlocal diffusion case was left open in Choi et al.'s paper.By using some a prior estimates,the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and a diagonal extraction process,we can extend and improve the main results of Choi et al.to achieve a complete picture in the nonlocal diffusion case.
文摘This paper is mainly about the spectral properties of a class of Jacobi operators(H_(c,b)u)(n)=c_(n)u(n+1)+c_(n-1)u(n-1)+b_(n)u(n),.where∣c_(n)−1∣=O(n^(−α))and b_(n)=O(n^(−1)).We will show that,forα≥1,the singular continuous spectrum of the operator is empty.
基金partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0712900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12371093,12071197,and 12122102)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2233300008)partially supported by a McDevitt Endowment Fund at Georgetown University。
文摘Let q∈(0,∞]andϕbe a Musielak-Orlicz function with uniformly lower type p_(ϕ)^(−)∈(0,∞)and uniformly upper type p_(ϕ)^(−)∈(0,∞).In this article,the authors establish various realvariable characterizations of the Musielak-Orlicz-Lorentz Hardy space H^(ϕ,q)(R^(n)),respectively,in terms of various maximal functions,finite atoms,and various Little wood-Paley functions.As applications,the authors obtain the dual space of Hϕ,q(Rn)and the summability of Fourier transforms from Hϕ,q(Rn)to the Musielak-Orlicz-Lorentz space L^(ϕ,q)(R^(n))when q∈(0,∞)or from the Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space Hϕ(Rn)to Lϕ,∞(Rn)in the critical case.These results are new when q∈(0,∞)and also essentially improve the existing corresponding results(if any)in the case q=∞via removing the original assumption thatϕis concave.To overcome the essential obstacles caused by both thatϕmay not be concave and that the boundedness of the powered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on associated spaces of Musielak-Orlicz spaces is still unknown,the authors make full use of the obtained atomic characterization of H^(ϕ,q)(R^(n)),the corresponding results related to weighted Lebesgue spaces,and the subtle relation between Musielak-Orlicz spaces and weighted Lebesgue spaces.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11801555 and 11971058)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020YQLX02)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11971058,11761131002 and 11671185)。
文摘Let L:=-△+V be the Schrodinger operator on R^(n)with n≥3,where V is a non-negative potential satisfying△^(-1)(V)∈L^(∞)(R^(n)).Let w be an L-harmonic function,determined by V,satisfying that there exists a positive constantδsuch that,for any x∈Rn,0<δ≤w(x)≤1.Assume that p(·):R^(n)→(0,1]is a variable exponent satisfying the globally log-Hölder continuous condition.In this article,the authors show that the mappings HL^(p)(·))(R^(n))■f■wf∈H^(p)(·)(R^(n))and HL^(p(·))(R^(n))■f■(-△)^(1/2)L^(-1/2)(f)∈H^(p(·))(R^(n))are isomorphisms between the variable Hardy spaces HL^(p(·))(R^(n)),associated with L,and the variable Hardy spaces H^(p(·))(R^(n)).
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12001527,11971058 and 12071197)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20200647)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2021M693422)。
文摘Let a:=(a_(1),...,a_(n))2[1,∞)^(n),p∈(0,1),andα:=1/p-1.For any x∈R^(n)and t∈[0,∞),letΦ_(p)(x,t):={t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)if να■N,t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)[log(e+|x|a)]^(p)if να∈N,let where [·]a:=1+|·|a,|·|a denotes the anisotropic quasi-homogeneous norm with respect to a,and ν:=a_(1)+…+a_(n).Let H_(a)^(p)(R^(n)),L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)),and H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n))be,respectively,the anisotropic Hardy space,the anisotropic Campanato space,and the anisotropic Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space associated with Φ_(p) on R^(n).In this article,via first establishing the wavelet characterization of anisotropic Campanato spaces,we prove that for any f∈H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))and g∈L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)),the product of f and g can be decomposed into S(f,g)+T(f,g) in the sense of tempered distributions,where S is a bilinear operator bounded from H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))*L_(a)^(a)(R^(Φ_(p))) to L^(1)(R^(n)) and T is a bilinear operator bounded from H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))*L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)) to H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n)) .Moreover,this bilinear decomposition is sharp in the dual sense that any y■H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n)) that fits into the above bilinear decomposition should satisfy(L^(1)(R^(n))+y)*=(L^(1)(R^(n)+H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n))*.As applications,for any non-constant b∈L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)) and any sublinear operator T satisfying some mild bounded assumptions,we find the largest subspace of H_(a)^(p)(R^(n)),denoted by H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n)),such that the commutator [b,T] is bounded from H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n))to L^(1)(R^(n)).In addition,when T is an anisotropic CalderónZygmund operator,the boundedness of [b,T] from H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n))to L^(1)(R^(n))(or to H_(a)^(1)(R^(n)) is also presented.The key of their proofs is the wavelet characterization of function spaces under consideration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11971063)。
文摘Consider a branching random walk with a random environment in time in the d-dimensional integer lattice.The branching mechanism is governed by a supercritical branching process,and the particles perform a lazy random walk with an independent,non-identical increment distribution.For A■Z^(d),let Z_(n)(A)be the number of offsprings of generation n located in A.The exact convergence rate of the local limit theorem for the counting measure Z_(n)(·)is obtained.This partially extends the previous results for a simple branching random walk derived by Gao(2017,Stoch.Process Appl.).
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10971142.
文摘The explicit solutions to both the Oldroyd-B model with an infinite Weissenberg number and the coupled Navier–Stokes/phase-field system are constructed by the method of separation of variables.It is found that the solutions blow up in finite time.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12031014 and 12226314)。
文摘Under semi-weak and weak compatibility conditions of bimodules,we establish necessary and sufficient conditions of Gorenstein-projective modules over rings of Morita contexts with one bimodule homomorphism zero.This extends greatly the results on triangular matrix Artin algebras and on Artin algebras of Morita contexts with two bimodule homomorphisms zero in the literature,where only sufficient conditions are given under a strong assumption of compatibility of bimodules.An application is provided to describe Gorenstein-projective modules over noncommutative tensor products arising from Morita contexts.Our results are proved under a general setting of noetherian rings and modules instead of Artin algebras and modules.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12371158)。
文摘We present an example of a potential such that the corresponding discrete Schrödinger operator has singular continuous spectrum embedded in the absolutely continuous spectrum.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,12071197 and 11871100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0712900)。
文摘In this article,the authors first establish the point wise characterizations of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with generalized smoothness on R;via the Hajlasz gradient sequences,which serve as a way to extend these spaces to more general metric measure spaces.Moreover,on metric spaces with doubling measures,the authors further prove that the Besov and the Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with generalized smoothness defined via Hajlasz gradient sequences coincide with those defined via hyperbolic fillings.As an application,some trace theorems of these spaces on Ahlfors regular spaces are established.
基金partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0712900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,12071197 and 11871100).
文摘In this article,the authors introduce the spaces of Lipschitz type on spaces of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss,and discuss their relations with Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces.As an application,the authors establish the difference characterization of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on spaces of homogeneous type.A major novelty of this article is that all results presented in this article get rid of the dependence on the reverse doubling assumption of the considered measure of the underlying spaceχvia using the geometrical property ofχexpressed by its dyadic reference points,dyadic cubes,and the(local)lower bound.Moreover,some results when p≤1 but near to 1 are new even whenχis an RD-space.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11701333)Support Program for Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Top-Notch Talents of College of Mathematics and Systems Science(Grant No.Sxy2016K01)+3 种基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11471041 and 11671039)National Natural Science Foundation of China-Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(Grant No.11761131002)supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)(Grant No.15K04942)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science。
文摘In this paper,we systematically study several classes of maximal singular integrals and maximal functions with rough kernels in Fβ(S^n-1),a topic that relates to the Grafakos-Stefanov class.The boundedness and continuity of these operators on Triebel-Lizorkin spaces and Besov spaces are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11771044 and 11871007).
文摘In this paper,stochastic properties of solution for a chemostat model with a distributed delay and random disturbance are studied,and we use distribution delay to simulate the delay in nutrient conversion.By the linear chain technique,we transform the stochastic chemostat model with weak kernel into an equivalent degenerate system which contains three equations.First,we state that this model has a unique global positive solution for any initial value,which is helpful to explore its stochastic properties.Furthermore,we prove the stochastic ultimate boundness of the solution of system.Then sufficient conditions for solution of the system tending toward the boundary equilibrium point at exponential rate are established,which means the microorganism will be extinct.Moreover,we also obtain some sufficient conditions for ergodicity of solution of this system by constructing some suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions.Finally,we provide some numerical examples to illustrate theoretical results,and some conclusions and analysis are given.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,11761131002,11671185 and 11871100)。
文摘Let X be a ball quasi-Banach function space on R^(n).In this article,we introduce the weak Hardytype space WH_(X)(R^(n)),associated with X,via the radial maximal function.Assuming that the powered HardyLittlewood maximal operator satisfies some Fefferman-Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on X as well as it is bounded on both the weak ball quasi-Banach function space WX and the associated space,we then establish several real-variable characterizations of WH_(X)(R^(n)),respectively,in terms of various maximal functions,atoms and molecules.As an application,we obtain the boundedness of Calderón-Zygmund operators from the Hardy space H_(X)(R^(n))to WH_(X)(Rn),which includes the critical case.All these results are of wide applications.Particularly,when X:=M^(q)_(p)(R^(n))(the Morrey space),X:=L^(p)(R^(n))(the mixed-norm Lebesgue space)and X:=(EΦq)t(Rn)(the Orlicz-slice space),which are all ball quasi-Banach function spaces rather than quasiBanach function spaces,all these results are even new.Due to the generality,more applications of these results are predictable.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,11761131002,11671185,11871100).
文摘Let X be a ball quasi-Banach function space satisfying some mild additional assumptions and H x(R n)the associated Hardy-type space.In this article,we first establish the finite atomic characterization of H x(R n).As an application,we prove that the dual space of H x(Rn)is the Campanato space associated with X.For any given a∈(0,1]and s∈Z+,using the atomic and the Littlewood—Paley function characterizations of H x(Rn),we also establish its 5-order intrinsic square function characterizations,respectively,in terms of the intrinsic Lusin-area function S a,s,the intrinsic g-function g a,s,and the intrinsic g*λ-function g*λ,a,s,whereλcoincides with the best known range.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11771446,11571039,11726621,11761131002 and 11871100)
文摘Assume that(X,d,μ) is a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss(1971,1977). In this article, motivated by the breakthrough work of Auscher and Hyt(o|¨)nen(2013) on orthonormal bases of regular wavelets on spaces of homogeneous type, we introduce a new kind of approximations of the identity with exponential decay(for short, exp-ATI). Via such an exp-ATI, motivated by another creative idea of Han et al.(2018) to merge the aforementioned orthonormal bases of regular wavelets into the frame of the existed distributional theory on spaces of homogeneous type, we establish the homogeneous continuous/discrete Calderón reproducing formulae on(X, d,μ), as well as their inhomogeneous counterparts. The novelty of this article exists in that d is only assumed to be a quasi-metric and the underlying measure μ a doubling measure,not necessary to satisfy the reverse doubling condition. It is well known that Calderón reproducing formulae are the cornerstone to develop analysis and, especially, harmonic analysis on spaces of homogeneous type.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0712900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,12071197 and 11871100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.500421359 and 500421126)。
文摘Let(X,ρ,μ)be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss,and Y(X)a ball quasi-Banach function space on X,which supports both a Fefferman–Stein vector-valued maximal inequality and the boundedness of the powered Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator on its associate space.The authors first introduce the Hardy space H_(Y)(X)associated with Y(X),via the Lusin-area function,and then establish its various equivalent characterizations,respectively,in terms of atoms,molecules,and Littlewood–Paley g-functions and g_(λ)^(*)-functions.As an application,the authors obtain the boundedness of Calderón–Zygmund operators from H_(Y)(X)to Y(X),or to H_(Y)(X)via first establishing a boundedness criterion of linear operators on H_(Y)(X).All these results have a wide range of generality and,particularly,even when they are applied to variable Hardy spaces,the obtained results are also new.The major novelties of this article exist in that,to escape the reverse doubling condition ofμand the triangle inequality ofρ,the authors subtly use the wavelet reproducing formula,originally establish an admissible molecular characterization of H_(Y)(X),and fully apply the geometrical properties of X expressed by dyadic reference points or dyadic cubes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,12071197 and 11871100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0712900).
文摘In this article,the authors give a survey about the recent developments of intrinsic square function characterizations and their applications on several Hardy-type spaces,including(weak)Musielak-Orlicz Hardy spaces,variable(weak)Hardy spaces,and Hardy spaces associated with ball quasi-Banach function spaces.The authors also present some open problems.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971058,12071197)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0712900)Der-Chen Chang was partially supported by an NSF grant DMS-1408839 and a McDevitt Endowment Fund at Georgetown University.
文摘Let a:=(a1,…,an)∈[1,∞)n,p:=(p1,…,pn)∈(0,1]n,Hpa(R^(n))be the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space associated with adefined via the radial maximal function,and let f belong to the Hardy space Hpa(R^(n)).In this article,we show that the Fourier transform fcoincides with a continuous function g onℝn in the sense of tempered distributions and,moreover,this continuous function g,multiplied by a step function associated with a,can be pointwisely controlled by a constant multiple of the Hardy space norm of f.These proofs are achieved via the known atomic characterization of Hpa(R^(n))and the establishment of two uniform estimates on anisotropic mixed-norm atoms.As applications,we also conclude a higher order convergence of the continuous function gat the origin.Finally,a variant of the Hardy-Littlewood inequality in the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space setting is also obtained.All these results are a natural generalization of the well-known corresponding conclusions of the classical Hardy spaces Hp(R^(n))with p∈0,1],and are even new for isotropic mixed-norm Hardy spaces on∈n.
