A century and a half ago,in the European part of Russia(Moscow),forest scientists established the first long-term observations of forests,many of which are under observation to the present day.In the twentieth century...A century and a half ago,in the European part of Russia(Moscow),forest scientists established the first long-term observations of forests,many of which are under observation to the present day.In the twentieth century,climate changes and,due to industrial development,forest areas were under air pollution.Based on observations from 157 sites,this study shows that the growth and density of Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)have decreased by the end of the twentieth century.The environment has changed,and the growth and development of plantations has slowed.Pine yields(-34%stand volume)and their life expectancy(on average 50 years)have decreased.These changes are critical for forestry and for the management of forests in urban centers.Due to the decline in growth,ecosystem functions by urban forests has decreased.In order to increase the sustainability of urban forests and the provision of ecosystem services,it is preferable to create multi-species stands with a complex structure.展开更多
The genus Paeonia has gained great interest from the scientific community for exploration as a source of bioactive compounds.The current work focused on the chemical characterisation and biological properties of Paeon...The genus Paeonia has gained great interest from the scientific community for exploration as a source of bioactive compounds.The current work focused on the chemical characterisation and biological properties of Paeonia mascula L.from Turkey.The chemical characterisation of the extracts was analysed by LC-DAD-ESI and LC-APCI-MS.The antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory and anticancer properties were evaluated in vitro.The methanol extract was the most effective as antioxidant,metal chelator and was the most effective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)and tyrosinase.The chloroform extract showed highest inhibition of butrylcholinesterase(BChE)and amylase.Ethyl acetate extract displayed glucosidase inhibition.The most abundant compounds were hexagalloyl glucose,penta galloyl glucose,gallic acid,tetragalloyl glucose,paeoniflorin and the most abundant flavonoid was quercetin-3-O-glucoside.β-sitosterol was the most abundant phytosterol.The anticancer effect of P.mascula was evaluated by using HELA cells evaluating different pathways.The possible inhibition effect of P.mascula on the reactive oxygen species(ROS)pathway was controlled by performing the advanced glycation end product(AGE).To determine the effect of P.mascula on active molecular pathways in the HELA cancer cell line,the levels of Phospho-NF-Kβp65,AGE receptor RAGE protein,antiapoptotic BCL-2,proapoptotic BAX and P-53 proteins were checked,respectively.Phospho-NF-Kβp65,RAGE and BCL-2,which are both ROS inducers and play an active role in cancer prognosis,were found to have decreased levels after the application of P.mascula.Our findings provide a scientific basis for Paeonia mascula,which may serve as a source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds for healthpromoting applications.展开更多
基金supported by the Russian State Agrarian University–Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy。
文摘A century and a half ago,in the European part of Russia(Moscow),forest scientists established the first long-term observations of forests,many of which are under observation to the present day.In the twentieth century,climate changes and,due to industrial development,forest areas were under air pollution.Based on observations from 157 sites,this study shows that the growth and density of Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)have decreased by the end of the twentieth century.The environment has changed,and the growth and development of plantations has slowed.Pine yields(-34%stand volume)and their life expectancy(on average 50 years)have decreased.These changes are critical for forestry and for the management of forests in urban centers.Due to the decline in growth,ecosystem functions by urban forests has decreased.In order to increase the sustainability of urban forests and the provision of ecosystem services,it is preferable to create multi-species stands with a complex structure.
文摘The genus Paeonia has gained great interest from the scientific community for exploration as a source of bioactive compounds.The current work focused on the chemical characterisation and biological properties of Paeonia mascula L.from Turkey.The chemical characterisation of the extracts was analysed by LC-DAD-ESI and LC-APCI-MS.The antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory and anticancer properties were evaluated in vitro.The methanol extract was the most effective as antioxidant,metal chelator and was the most effective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)and tyrosinase.The chloroform extract showed highest inhibition of butrylcholinesterase(BChE)and amylase.Ethyl acetate extract displayed glucosidase inhibition.The most abundant compounds were hexagalloyl glucose,penta galloyl glucose,gallic acid,tetragalloyl glucose,paeoniflorin and the most abundant flavonoid was quercetin-3-O-glucoside.β-sitosterol was the most abundant phytosterol.The anticancer effect of P.mascula was evaluated by using HELA cells evaluating different pathways.The possible inhibition effect of P.mascula on the reactive oxygen species(ROS)pathway was controlled by performing the advanced glycation end product(AGE).To determine the effect of P.mascula on active molecular pathways in the HELA cancer cell line,the levels of Phospho-NF-Kβp65,AGE receptor RAGE protein,antiapoptotic BCL-2,proapoptotic BAX and P-53 proteins were checked,respectively.Phospho-NF-Kβp65,RAGE and BCL-2,which are both ROS inducers and play an active role in cancer prognosis,were found to have decreased levels after the application of P.mascula.Our findings provide a scientific basis for Paeonia mascula,which may serve as a source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds for healthpromoting applications.
