The veterinary microbiology experimental course plays a key role in education and practice,integrating“knowledge,skills,and qualities”into the talent cultivation program.The syllabus has been revised to emphasize th...The veterinary microbiology experimental course plays a key role in education and practice,integrating“knowledge,skills,and qualities”into the talent cultivation program.The syllabus has been revised to emphasize the course’s ideological and political education objectives.The extraction of ideological and political elements focuses on developing a curriculum that includes ideological and political teaching materials and cases,ensuring coherence across classroom teaching,social practice,and online courses.By organically integrating ideological and political elements within stories,along with professional knowledge,operational skills,and social practice,the course aims to enhance the appeal and effectiveness of ideological and political education in the experimental course.展开更多
This study isolated and purified strain 431 from an animal probiotic product.Through staining and microscopic examination,colony morphology analysis,biochemical reaction tests,and 16S rDNA sequence alignment,the strai...This study isolated and purified strain 431 from an animal probiotic product.Through staining and microscopic examination,colony morphology analysis,biochemical reaction tests,and 16S rDNA sequence alignment,the strain was identified and named Brevibacterium aureus 431.The study focused on the production of biosurfactants by strain 431,and antibacterial activity tests were conducted on the strain and its secondary metabolites.The results showed that strain 431 exhibited no resistance to 10 commonly used drugs,and its concentrated secondary metabolites were highly sensitive to the indicator bacterium Escherichia coli.Oral administration of strain 431 to BALB/c mice resulted in normal mental state,diet,and bowel movements,with no signs of illness or death,indicating that strain 431 is highly safe and non-pathogenic to mice.The study suggests that Brevibacterium aureus 431 has significant research value as a new source of actinomycetes and that its secondary metabolites have potential application value in the development of antibacterial drugs.展开更多
In the context of emerging engineering disciplines,a hybrid teaching reform for the Bioengineering Downstream Technology course,based on ideological and political education and online open courses,is being carried out...In the context of emerging engineering disciplines,a hybrid teaching reform for the Bioengineering Downstream Technology course,based on ideological and political education and online open courses,is being carried out.This reform focuses on aspects such as“building a professional teacher team for ideological and political education,scientifically designing the ideological and political teaching system,innovating classroom teaching methods,and improving both formative and summative evaluation systems.”The“Craftsmanship in Education and Cultivating Soul and Roots”small private online course hybrid teaching reform for the Bioengineering Downstream Technology online open course provides a replicable model for the comprehensive implementation of ideological and political education in engineering courses and offers a reference for advancing ideological and political education and hybrid teaching reform in new engineering disciplines.展开更多
Sea cucumbers, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, were fed diets containing non-immunostimulant (basal diet), 0.2% β-glucan and 0.02% glycyrrhizin in a recirculatory water system for 45 days, and subsequently challenged...Sea cucumbers, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, were fed diets containing non-immunostimulant (basal diet), 0.2% β-glucan and 0.02% glycyrrhizin in a recirculatory water system for 45 days, and subsequently challenged with Vibrio splendidus by injection at 1.0×108 cfu/sea cucumber for 15 days.Phagocytic capacity (PC), intracellular superoxide anion production (ISAP), ly-sozyme (LSZ) activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the coelomic fluid were analyzed on the 0th, 5th, 10th and 15th days after injection.Results showed that after the 45-day feeding period, PC, ISAP, LSZ activity and SOD activity in sea cucumbers fed with dietary β-glucan or glycyrrhizin were significantly higher than in those fed with the basal diet.On the 5th day after infection, all the immune parameters examined in the sea cucumbers injected with V.splendidus decreased in value significantly.On the 15th day, PC, ISAP and LSZ activity returned to levels similar to those on the 0th day.For the sea cucumbers injected with saline, there were no significant differences in all the immune parameters examined and in the cumulative morbidity during the 15-day challenging trial.After injecting with V.splendidus, the cumulative morbidity of sea cucumbers fed with the basal diet was significantly higher than those fed with dietary β-glucan or glycyrrhizin when challenged with V.splendidus challenged sea cucumber fed with the basal diet was significantly higher than those fed with dietary β-glucan or glycyrrhizin.There was no significant difference in cumulative morbidity between the dietary β-glucan and glycyrrhizin treatments over time.展开更多
Four sewage sludge(SS)feedstocks with distinct properties were converted into biochars by pyrolysis at 300−700℃,in order to clarify the effects of the composition difference of SS feedstocks.The yields of biochars pr...Four sewage sludge(SS)feedstocks with distinct properties were converted into biochars by pyrolysis at 300−700℃,in order to clarify the effects of the composition difference of SS feedstocks.The yields of biochars present a positive correlation with the contents of ash in SS.Notedly,the contents of organic matter(OM)in SS largely determine the quality of biochars.SS feedstocks with high content of OM are more likely to form stable biochars with higher aromaticity/carbonization degree,and the formed biochars possess higher calorific values.The contents of residual OM in biochars derived from SS feedstocks with low content of OM likely fail to meet the needs of soil improvement(10 wt.%).Most of heavy metals(HMs)existing in raw SS are remained in biochars after pyrolysis.The biochar produced from SS feedstocks with high content of HMs usually contains higher contents of HMs.Surprisingly,the leachability of HMs in biochars is all weakened to some extent compared to raw SS.In addition,the biochars show higher thermal stability and pH values,and P/K nutrients are enriched in biochars.The biochars prepared from four SS feedstocks exhibit different adsorption ability of methylene blue,especially at low dosage of biochar.展开更多
Leptin receptor(LEPR)plays a vital role in obesity in humans and animals.The objective of this study is to assess LEPR functional variants for chicken adipose deposition by integration of association and in-silico ana...Leptin receptor(LEPR)plays a vital role in obesity in humans and animals.The objective of this study is to assess LEPR functional variants for chicken adipose deposition by integration of association and in-silico analysis using a unique chicken population,the Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content(NEAUHLF).Five online bioinformatics tools were used to predict the functionality of the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in coding region.Further,the possible structure–function relationship of high confidence SNPs was determined by bioinformatics analyses,including the conservation and stability analysis based on amino acid residues,prediction of protein ligand-binding sites,and the superposition of protein tertiary structure.Meanwhile,we analyzed the association between abdominal fat traits and 20 polymorphisms of chicken LEPR gene.The integrated results showed that rs731962924(N867I)and rs13684622(C1002R)could lead to striking changes in the structure and function of proteins,of which rs13684622(C1002R)was significantly associated with abdominal fat weight(AFW,P=0.0413)and abdominal fat percentage(AFP,P=0.0260)in chickens.Therefore,we are of the opinion that rs13684622(C1002R)may be an essential functional SNP affecting chicken abdominal fat deposition,and potentially applied to improvement of broiler abdominal fat in molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS)program.Additionally,the coupling of association with computer electronic predictive analysis provides a new avenue to identify important molecular markers for breeders.展开更多
Improving the production of broiler chicken meat has been a goal of broiler breeding programs worldwide for many years. However, the genetic architectures of skeletal muscle production traits in chickens have not yet ...Improving the production of broiler chicken meat has been a goal of broiler breeding programs worldwide for many years. However, the genetic architectures of skeletal muscle production traits in chickens have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, a total of 519 F_(2) birds, derived from a cross of Arbor Acres broiler and Baier layer, were re-sequenced(26 F_(0) individuals were re-sequenced at a 10-fold depth;519 F_(2) individuals were re-sequenced at a 3-fold depth) and the coupling of genome-wide association study(GWAS) and selection signatures(FST(fixation index) and θπ(nucleotide diversity)) was carried out to pinpoint the associated loci and genes that contribute to pectoral muscle weight(PMW) and thigh muscle weight(TMW). A total of 7 890 258 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) remained to be analyzed after quality control and imputation. The integration of GWAS and selection signature analyses revealed that genetic determinants responsible for skeletal muscle production traits were mainly localized on chromosomes 1(168.95–172.43 Mb) and 4(74.37–75.23 Mb). A total of 17 positional candidate genes(PCGs)(LRCH1, CDADC1, CAB39 L, LOC112531568, LOC112531569, FAM124 A, FOXO1, NBEA, GPALPP1, RUBCNL, ARL11, KPNA3, LHFP, GBA3, LOC112532426, KCNIP4, and SLIT2) were identified in these regions. In particular, KPNA3 and FOXO1 were the most promising candidates for meat production in chickens. These findings will help enhance our understanding of the genetic architecture of chicken muscle production traits, and the significant SNPs identified could be promising candidates for integration into practical breeding programs such as genome-wide selection(GS) to improve the meat yield of chickens.展开更多
This paper introduced the characteristics of Glasserella parasuis from the aspects of pathogen,epidemiology,clinical symptoms and anatomical symptoms,and put forward its clinical and laboratory diagnosis methods.Moreo...This paper introduced the characteristics of Glasserella parasuis from the aspects of pathogen,epidemiology,clinical symptoms and anatomical symptoms,and put forward its clinical and laboratory diagnosis methods.Moreover,the disease was differentiated from similar diseases such as mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine,swine flu infectious pleuropneumonia of swine,swine streptococcosis and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.Finally,the prevention and treatment measures of the disease are proposed.展开更多
Dogs represent such a rich potential resource to further understand diseases and genetic traits.Comparing the genomes of three species of canine,human,and rat in terms of genome analysis,it is found that dogs are high...Dogs represent such a rich potential resource to further understand diseases and genetic traits.Comparing the genomes of three species of canine,human,and rat in terms of genome analysis,it is found that dogs are highly conservative with humans and rats.The special population structure of dogs makes it a good model for studying the diversity of morphology and behavior,the genetic basis of mammalian evolution,and dis-eases.This article gives a brief review of recent advances in domestic dog origin and evolution,genomic structure,genetic variation in dog pheno-typic characteristics,and gene mapping.These research results are expected to provide a better theoretical basis for canine genetic breeding re-search and provide new ideas and methods for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.展开更多
In order to reduce the risks for the spread of disease in cattle movements, we investigated China’s cattle breeding and movement pattern, analyzed risk factors of disease infection caused by long-distance movement, e...In order to reduce the risks for the spread of disease in cattle movements, we investigated China’s cattle breeding and movement pattern, analyzed risk factors of disease infection caused by long-distance movement, explored the relevant risk management measures and conjectured the direction of cattle movement based on the regional distribution of cattle inventory and beef price. We also constructed a market value chain in live cattle movements and qualitatively analyzed the risks for unapparent infection in the process of movement. Meanwhile, we put forward a long-term policy of reducing the risks for unapparent infection and animal health supervision measures.展开更多
Background Follicular cysts contribute significantly to reproductive loss in high-yield dairy cows.This results from the death of follicular granulosa cells(GCs)caused by oxidative stress.Quercetin is known to have si...Background Follicular cysts contribute significantly to reproductive loss in high-yield dairy cows.This results from the death of follicular granulosa cells(GCs)caused by oxidative stress.Quercetin is known to have significant antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.However,the effect of quercetin on follicular cysts has yet been elucidated.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis effects and potential molecular mechanisms of quercetin in H_(2)O_(2)-induced primary cow GCs and 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA)-induced mouse model of oxidative stress and thus treat ovarian cysts in dairy cows.Results In this study,compared with estrus cows,cows with follicular cysts showed heightened levels of oxidative stress and increased follicular cell apoptosis,while autophagy levels were reduced.A model of oxidative stress was induced in vitro by H_(2)O_(2)and showed significant increases in apoptosis together with reduced autophagy.These effects were significantly ameliorated by quercetin.Effects similar to those of quercetin were observed after treatmeat of cells with the reactive oxygen species(RCS)inhibitor N-acetylcysteine(NAC).Further investigations using chloroquine(autophagy inhibito r)]rapamycin(autophagy activato r),selisistat(SIRT1 inhibito r),and compound C(AMPK inhibitor)showed that chloroquine counteracted the effects of quercetin on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis,while rapamycin had the same effect as quercetin.In addition,the SIRT1/AMPK pathway inhibitors antagonized quercetin-mediated mitigation of the effects of oxidative stress on increased apoptosis and reduced autophagy.Consistent with the results in vitro,in mouse ovarian oxidative stress model induced by 3-NPA,quercetin activated autophagy through the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway,while alleviating oxidative stress damage and inhibiting apoptosis in mouse ovaries.Conclusions These findings indicate that quercetin can inhibit apoptosis in GCs and restore ovarian function by activating autophagy through the SIRT1/ROS/AMPK signaling pathway,suggesting a new direction for the treatment of ovarian follicular cysts in high-yield dairy cows.展开更多
To address the challenges in training veterinary master’s students,it is essential to align with the core objectives of veterinary graduate education.This involves focusing on faculty development,course design,innova...To address the challenges in training veterinary master’s students,it is essential to align with the core objectives of veterinary graduate education.This involves focusing on faculty development,course design,innovative teaching methods,university-industry collaboration,and reforming the evaluation system.By applying the outcome-based education model,new approaches to veterinary graduate training can be developed,particularly for applied talent development in agricultural universities serving local communities.This innovative model emphasizes ideological and political education,aiming to enhance students’abilities in knowledge and practical innovation,preparing them to be well-rounded professionals.The goal is to cultivate senior veterinary experts who are not only skilled in academic research and scientific inquiry but also committed to advancing agriculture,rural areas,and supporting rural revitalization.This approach provides a valuable framework for fostering highly qualified graduates who are both technically proficient and socially responsible.展开更多
Somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT） and parthenogenesis are alternative forms of reproduction and development, building new life cycles on differentiated somatic cell nuclei and duplicated maternal chromatin, respe...Somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT） and parthenogenesis are alternative forms of reproduction and development, building new life cycles on differentiated somatic cell nuclei and duplicated maternal chromatin, respectively. In the preceding paper （Sun F, et al., Cell Res 2007; 17：117-134.）, we showed that an ＂erase-and-rebuild＂ strategy is used in normal development to transform the maternal gene expression profile to a zygotic one. Here, we investigate if the same strategy also applies to SCNT and parthenogenesis. The relationship between chromatin and chromatin factors （CFs） during SCNT and parthenogenesis was examined using immunochemical and GFP-fusion protein assays. Results from these studies indicated that soon after nuclear transfer, a majority of CFs dissociated from somatic nuclei and were redistributed to the cytoplasm of the egg. The erasure process in oogenesis is recaptured during the initial phase in SCNT. Most CFs entered pseudo-pronuclei shortly after their formation. In parthenogenesis, all parthenogenotes underwent normal oogenesis, and thus had removed most CFs from chromosomes before the initiation of development. The CFs were subsequently re-associated with female pronuclei in time and sequence similar to that in fertilized embryos. Based on these data, we conclude that the ＂erase-and-rebuild＂ process observed in normal development also occurs in SCNT and in parthenogenesis, albeit in altered fashions. The process is responsible for transcription reprogramming in these procedures. The ＂erase＂ process in SCNT is compressed and the efficiency is compromised, which likely contribute to the developmental defects often observed in nuclear transfer （nt） embryos. Furthermore, results from this study indicated that the cytoplasm of an egg contains most, if not all, essential components for assembling the zygotic program and can assemble them onto appropriate diploid chromatin of distinct origins.展开更多
In this paper, toll-like receptor expression pattern in monocytes-derived macrophages by lipopolysaccharid （LPS） stimulation was examined. Jugular venous blood samples from 4 Japanese calves were obtained and the pe...In this paper, toll-like receptor expression pattern in monocytes-derived macrophages by lipopolysaccharid （LPS） stimulation was examined. Jugular venous blood samples from 4 Japanese calves were obtained and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） were isolated. The PBMC were cultured for 7 d so as to collect monocytes-derived macrophages in Repcell. The PBMC were stimulated by LPS for 24 h and the mRNA expression pattern of TLR and cytokines in monocytes-derived macrophages （Mod-Mφ） was analyzed. Results showed that LPS stimulation of Mod-Mφ could increase the mRNA levels of the genes of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. In addition, the mRNA levels of the genes of TNF-α and IL-6 in the group of LPS stimulation were most significantly （P 〈 0.01） higher than those in control group and the mRNA levels of TLR1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 were significantly （P 〈 0.05） decreased after LPS stimulation. There was no difference in the mRNA expressions of TLR2, 4, 6, and 7 between the groups of the control and LPS stimulation. Besides, expression of TLR9 was not found. It suggested that monocytes-derived macrophages could respond to LPS and they might take an important role in the innate immunity. The important function of the cells might contribute to better disease treatment.展开更多
Carcass,meat quality,and feather-down traits of 123 geese from an F_1 population of Wanxi White goose(male parent)and Sichuan White goose(female parent)were measured,and an additional 12 compound indices were construc...Carcass,meat quality,and feather-down traits of 123 geese from an F_1 population of Wanxi White goose(male parent)and Sichuan White goose(female parent)were measured,and an additional 12 compound indices were constructed from the single traits,using factor analysis.The coding region of melanocortin receptor-4(MC4R)gene was amplified by PCR and the products were digested with four restriction endonucleases Hinf I,Ear I,Pst I,and Pvu II to detect restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)in the MC4R gene,to analyze its associations with the traits.The only RFLP was exposed by digesting with Hinf I indicating two genotypes,HH and Hh,with frequencies of allele H and h being 0.8902 and 0.1098 in the F_1 population.Significant effects of genotype HH were found on carcass weight,eviscerated weight(with giblet),liver weight,heart weight,stomach percentage,abdominal fat percentage,breast muscle drip water loss and down proportion and many of the compound indices,and all genotypic contribution percentages(CP,genotypic effect on the population mean)were between-5%and 5%;effects of genotype Hh with the MC4R gene mutation,were not significant.Effects of genotype Hh were significant on two of the compound indices related to fat deposition:the fat index(CP=3.314%,P<0.05)and fatty acid quality(CP=1.218%,P<0.05).展开更多
Thirty Holstein Friesian cows with similar weight, age, calving number, lactating length, fat percentage, and same physiology condition were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: group I, group II and group III...Thirty Holstein Friesian cows with similar weight, age, calving number, lactating length, fat percentage, and same physiology condition were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: group I, group II and group III, 20 g and 40 g Cysteamine /(cow·day) was supplemented into the normal diet for group I and group II, respectively; group III was used as control. Results showed that, group I and group II produced 4.86 % and 6.88 % more milk than that of control (P<0.05); Meanwhile, FCM (3.5 % fat) of group I and group II was increased by 4.98 % (P<0.01) and 6.56 % (P<0.01). Change of the milk fat among the three groups were not significant(P<0.05). Average daily milk protein yield significantly was increased by 4.14 % and 2.76 % respectively (P<0.05), though the milk protein content was slightly reduced. Moreover, somatic cells of the cow in the three groups were in normal physiological range in this trial.展开更多
AIM： To develop a highly efficacious method for preparation of soluble SAPS S-protein using adenovirus vector to meet the requirement for S-protein investigation. METHODS： The human adenovirus vector was used to exp...AIM： To develop a highly efficacious method for preparation of soluble SAPS S-protein using adenovirus vector to meet the requirement for S-protein investigation. METHODS： The human adenovirus vector was used to express the soluble S-protein （corresponding to 1-1190 amino acids） fused with Myc/His tag using codon-optimized gene construct in HEK239 cells. The recombinant adenovirus bearing S-protein gene was generated by ligation method. The expressed S-protein with Myc/His tag was purified from culture medium with Ni-NTA agarose beads followed by dialysis. The S-protein was detected by Western blot and its biologic activity was analyzed by binding to Vero cells. RESULTS： Under the conditions of infection dose （MOI of 50） and expression time （48 h）, the high-level expression of S-protein was obtained. The expression level was determined to be approximately 75 μg/106 cells after purification. Purified soluble S-protein was readily detected by Western blot with anti-Myc antibody and showed the ability to bind to surface of Vero cells, demonstrating that the soluble S-protein could remain the biologic activity in the native molecule. CONCLUSION： The high-level expression of S-protein in HEK293 cells mediated by adenovirus can be achieved under the optimized expression conditions. The proteins possess the biologic activity, which lays a foundation for further investigation of S-protein biological function.展开更多
Since the outbreak of COVID-19,mRNA vaccine technology has achieved groundbreaking advancements.Characterized by its high safety profile and potent immune activation capabilities,this technology has demonstrated signi...Since the outbreak of COVID-19,mRNA vaccine technology has achieved groundbreaking advancements.Characterized by its high safety profile and potent immune activation capabilities,this technology has demonstrated significant potential in the prevention of infectious diseases and cancer therapeutics,marking a new milestone in vaccine development.This review focuses on three key aspects—molecular design,delivery systems,and immunological mechanisms—providing a comprehensive analysis of structural optimization strategies,delivery methodologies,and immune modulation approaches for mRNA vaccines.Additionally,it summarizes and evaluates potential challenges that may arise in the future development of mRNA vaccines.By analyzing existing technological pathways,this review aims to advance innovation in mRNA vaccine technology and facilitate its broad applications in public health and veterinary medicine.展开更多
The effects of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)on broiler growth performance,immune function,and in-testinal health were investigated.A total of 540 one-d-old Arbor Acres Plus broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups wi...The effects of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)on broiler growth performance,immune function,and in-testinal health were investigated.A total of 540 one-d-old Arbor Acres Plus broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 chickens per replicate.Broilers in the control(CON)group received a corn-soybean meal based basal diet,those in the antibiotics(ANT)group received the basal diet plus 500 mg/kg oxytetracycline,and those in XOS groups received the basal diet plus 150,300,or 450 mg/kg XOS.Compared with CON,the body weight at 42 d and average daily gain from 1 to 42 d were significantly increased in the 150,450 mg/kg XOS-added and ANT groups(P=0.018),and the relative expression of claudin-1 and ZO-1 mRNA in the ileum was significantly higher in the 300 and 450 mg/kg XOS-added groups(P<0.001).The feed conversion ratios(P<0.001)and abdominal fat rates(P=0.012)of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age were significantly lower in all XOS-added groups than in the control group.Splenic index(P=0.036)and bursa of Fabricius index(P=0.009)were significantly better in the ANT group and each XOS-added group than in the control group.Compared to CON and ANT,serum IgA(P=0.007)and IgG(P=0.002)levels were significantly higher in the 300 mg/kg XOS-added group,and the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera(Alistipes)was also significantly higher(P<0.001).Meanwhile,ileal villus height(P<0.001)and ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V:C)(P=0.001)were significantly increased in XOS-added broilers.In analysis of re-lationships between cecal microbes and the physical barrier of the gut,[Ruminococcus]_torques_group was positively correlated with mRNA expression of ileal ZO-1 and claudin-1(P<0.05),and Bacteroides was positively correlated with increased ileal villus height and V:C(P<0.05).Overall,XOS addition to broiler diets improved growth performance,promoted intestinal health by enhancing intestinal barrier function and regulating cecal microbiota diversity,and had positive effects on immunity.展开更多
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), the viral agent causing human genital herpes, recurs easily and poses significant harm to patients, while also being associated with atherosclerosis (AS). Currently, no effective therapy or...Herpes simplex virus (HSV), the viral agent causing human genital herpes, recurs easily and poses significant harm to patients, while also being associated with atherosclerosis (AS). Currently, no effective therapy or vaccine exists to combat HSV. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of HSV and its DNA in AS-diseased tissue, yet the precise pathogenesis of HSV involvement remains unclear. To investigate the genetic mechanism of HSV-induced vascular endothelial injury and AS, a type of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304 cells) cultured in vitro were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The effect of HSV-2 on differential gene expression in ECV304 cells was investigated by gene microarray technology during the early stages of infection. The results revealed a total of 462 differentially expressed genes, with 318 genes exhibiting up-regulated expression and 144 genes showing down-regulated expression. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed that all 462 differentially expressed genes were implicated in 237 distinct biological processes. Notably, 79 of these biological processes demonstrated statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), encompassing critical functions such as protein synthesis, ribosome biogenesis and assembly, as well as DNA and mRNA metabolism. Our findings have unveiled the differentially expressed genes of HSV-2 in ECV304 cells during infection, offering crucial insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying HSV-2 invasion of endothelial cells and the pathobiology of AS.展开更多
基金Guangdong Provincial Department of Education,Provincial First-Class Undergraduate Courses(Guangdong Higher Education Letter[2023]No.33)Foshan University Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching Reform and Practice Demonstration Project in 2023+4 种基金Foshan Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project in 2024(2024-GJ037)Education Research and Reform Project of the Online Open Course Alliance in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in 2023(WGKM2023158)Demonstration Project of Ideological and Political Reform of Guangdong Education Department(Guangdong Higher Education Letter[2021]No.21)Innovation Project of Guangdong Graduate Education(2022JGXM129,2022JGXM128,2023ANLK-080)Research Topic of the Online Open Curriculum Steering Committee of Guangdong Province in 2022(2022ZXKC462)。
文摘The veterinary microbiology experimental course plays a key role in education and practice,integrating“knowledge,skills,and qualities”into the talent cultivation program.The syllabus has been revised to emphasize the course’s ideological and political education objectives.The extraction of ideological and political elements focuses on developing a curriculum that includes ideological and political teaching materials and cases,ensuring coherence across classroom teaching,social practice,and online courses.By organically integrating ideological and political elements within stories,along with professional knowledge,operational skills,and social practice,the course aims to enhance the appeal and effectiveness of ideological and political education in the experimental course.
基金Self-funded Science and Technology Innovation Project of Foshan City(220001005797)Foshan University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in 2023+2 种基金Foshan City Social Science Planning Project(2024-GJ037)Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515140052)Innovation Project of Guangdong Graduate Education(2022JGXM129,2022JGXM128,2023ANLK-080)。
文摘This study isolated and purified strain 431 from an animal probiotic product.Through staining and microscopic examination,colony morphology analysis,biochemical reaction tests,and 16S rDNA sequence alignment,the strain was identified and named Brevibacterium aureus 431.The study focused on the production of biosurfactants by strain 431,and antibacterial activity tests were conducted on the strain and its secondary metabolites.The results showed that strain 431 exhibited no resistance to 10 commonly used drugs,and its concentrated secondary metabolites were highly sensitive to the indicator bacterium Escherichia coli.Oral administration of strain 431 to BALB/c mice resulted in normal mental state,diet,and bowel movements,with no signs of illness or death,indicating that strain 431 is highly safe and non-pathogenic to mice.The study suggests that Brevibacterium aureus 431 has significant research value as a new source of actinomycetes and that its secondary metabolites have potential application value in the development of antibacterial drugs.
基金Guangdong Province Undergraduate Online Open Course Guidance Committee Research Project(2022ZXKC462)Foshan Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(2024-GJ 037)+4 种基金Provincial First-Class Undergraduate Courses of Guangdong Provincial Education Department(Guangdong Education Gaohan[2022]No.10)Innovation Project of Guangdong Graduate Education(2022JGXM129,2022JGXM128,2023ANLK-080)Foshan University Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching Reform and Practice Demonstration Project in 2023Quality Engineering Project of Foshan University in 2023Collaborative Education Project of the Ministry of Education in 2023(230703232312141)。
文摘In the context of emerging engineering disciplines,a hybrid teaching reform for the Bioengineering Downstream Technology course,based on ideological and political education and online open courses,is being carried out.This reform focuses on aspects such as“building a professional teacher team for ideological and political education,scientifically designing the ideological and political teaching system,innovating classroom teaching methods,and improving both formative and summative evaluation systems.”The“Craftsmanship in Education and Cultivating Soul and Roots”small private online course hybrid teaching reform for the Bioengineering Downstream Technology online open course provides a replicable model for the comprehensive implementation of ideological and political education in engineering courses and offers a reference for advancing ideological and political education and hybrid teaching reform in new engineering disciplines.
基金supported by grant No.2006AA100313 from the National High Technology Research and Development Project of P.R. China (863 Project)
文摘Sea cucumbers, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, were fed diets containing non-immunostimulant (basal diet), 0.2% β-glucan and 0.02% glycyrrhizin in a recirculatory water system for 45 days, and subsequently challenged with Vibrio splendidus by injection at 1.0×108 cfu/sea cucumber for 15 days.Phagocytic capacity (PC), intracellular superoxide anion production (ISAP), ly-sozyme (LSZ) activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the coelomic fluid were analyzed on the 0th, 5th, 10th and 15th days after injection.Results showed that after the 45-day feeding period, PC, ISAP, LSZ activity and SOD activity in sea cucumbers fed with dietary β-glucan or glycyrrhizin were significantly higher than in those fed with the basal diet.On the 5th day after infection, all the immune parameters examined in the sea cucumbers injected with V.splendidus decreased in value significantly.On the 15th day, PC, ISAP and LSZ activity returned to levels similar to those on the 0th day.For the sea cucumbers injected with saline, there were no significant differences in all the immune parameters examined and in the cumulative morbidity during the 15-day challenging trial.After injecting with V.splendidus, the cumulative morbidity of sea cucumbers fed with the basal diet was significantly higher than those fed with dietary β-glucan or glycyrrhizin when challenged with V.splendidus challenged sea cucumber fed with the basal diet was significantly higher than those fed with dietary β-glucan or glycyrrhizin.There was no significant difference in cumulative morbidity between the dietary β-glucan and glycyrrhizin treatments over time.
基金Project(21707056)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20192BAB203019)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China。
文摘Four sewage sludge(SS)feedstocks with distinct properties were converted into biochars by pyrolysis at 300−700℃,in order to clarify the effects of the composition difference of SS feedstocks.The yields of biochars present a positive correlation with the contents of ash in SS.Notedly,the contents of organic matter(OM)in SS largely determine the quality of biochars.SS feedstocks with high content of OM are more likely to form stable biochars with higher aromaticity/carbonization degree,and the formed biochars possess higher calorific values.The contents of residual OM in biochars derived from SS feedstocks with low content of OM likely fail to meet the needs of soil improvement(10 wt.%).Most of heavy metals(HMs)existing in raw SS are remained in biochars after pyrolysis.The biochar produced from SS feedstocks with high content of HMs usually contains higher contents of HMs.Surprisingly,the leachability of HMs in biochars is all weakened to some extent compared to raw SS.In addition,the biochars show higher thermal stability and pH values,and P/K nutrients are enriched in biochars.The biochars prepared from four SS feedstocks exhibit different adsorption ability of methylene blue,especially at low dosage of biochar.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572394)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-41)the White Feather Broiler Breeding Joint Project of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China(19190526).
文摘Leptin receptor(LEPR)plays a vital role in obesity in humans and animals.The objective of this study is to assess LEPR functional variants for chicken adipose deposition by integration of association and in-silico analysis using a unique chicken population,the Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content(NEAUHLF).Five online bioinformatics tools were used to predict the functionality of the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in coding region.Further,the possible structure–function relationship of high confidence SNPs was determined by bioinformatics analyses,including the conservation and stability analysis based on amino acid residues,prediction of protein ligand-binding sites,and the superposition of protein tertiary structure.Meanwhile,we analyzed the association between abdominal fat traits and 20 polymorphisms of chicken LEPR gene.The integrated results showed that rs731962924(N867I)and rs13684622(C1002R)could lead to striking changes in the structure and function of proteins,of which rs13684622(C1002R)was significantly associated with abdominal fat weight(AFW,P=0.0413)and abdominal fat percentage(AFP,P=0.0260)in chickens.Therefore,we are of the opinion that rs13684622(C1002R)may be an essential functional SNP affecting chicken abdominal fat deposition,and potentially applied to improvement of broiler abdominal fat in molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS)program.Additionally,the coupling of association with computer electronic predictive analysis provides a new avenue to identify important molecular markers for breeders.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572394)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-41)the White Feather Broiler Breeding Joint Project of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China(19190526)。
文摘Improving the production of broiler chicken meat has been a goal of broiler breeding programs worldwide for many years. However, the genetic architectures of skeletal muscle production traits in chickens have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, a total of 519 F_(2) birds, derived from a cross of Arbor Acres broiler and Baier layer, were re-sequenced(26 F_(0) individuals were re-sequenced at a 10-fold depth;519 F_(2) individuals were re-sequenced at a 3-fold depth) and the coupling of genome-wide association study(GWAS) and selection signatures(FST(fixation index) and θπ(nucleotide diversity)) was carried out to pinpoint the associated loci and genes that contribute to pectoral muscle weight(PMW) and thigh muscle weight(TMW). A total of 7 890 258 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) remained to be analyzed after quality control and imputation. The integration of GWAS and selection signature analyses revealed that genetic determinants responsible for skeletal muscle production traits were mainly localized on chromosomes 1(168.95–172.43 Mb) and 4(74.37–75.23 Mb). A total of 17 positional candidate genes(PCGs)(LRCH1, CDADC1, CAB39 L, LOC112531568, LOC112531569, FAM124 A, FOXO1, NBEA, GPALPP1, RUBCNL, ARL11, KPNA3, LHFP, GBA3, LOC112532426, KCNIP4, and SLIT2) were identified in these regions. In particular, KPNA3 and FOXO1 were the most promising candidates for meat production in chickens. These findings will help enhance our understanding of the genetic architecture of chicken muscle production traits, and the significant SNPs identified could be promising candidates for integration into practical breeding programs such as genome-wide selection(GS) to improve the meat yield of chickens.
基金Supported by Major Special Project of Industry University Research Cooperation in Lu'an City(2020-7)Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province(202204c06020009)+1 种基金The Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(2308085MC102)The Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Platform Project(2024YL016).
文摘This paper introduced the characteristics of Glasserella parasuis from the aspects of pathogen,epidemiology,clinical symptoms and anatomical symptoms,and put forward its clinical and laboratory diagnosis methods.Moreover,the disease was differentiated from similar diseases such as mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine,swine flu infectious pleuropneumonia of swine,swine streptococcosis and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.Finally,the prevention and treatment measures of the disease are proposed.
基金Supported by Special Project of Basic Work of Strengthening Police by Science and Technology of the Ministry of Public Security (2018GABJC27,2019GABJC29)Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Project from Yunnan Department of Science and Technology (Youth Project)(2019FD025)
文摘Dogs represent such a rich potential resource to further understand diseases and genetic traits.Comparing the genomes of three species of canine,human,and rat in terms of genome analysis,it is found that dogs are highly conservative with humans and rats.The special population structure of dogs makes it a good model for studying the diversity of morphology and behavior,the genetic basis of mammalian evolution,and dis-eases.This article gives a brief review of recent advances in domestic dog origin and evolution,genomic structure,genetic variation in dog pheno-typic characteristics,and gene mapping.These research results are expected to provide a better theoretical basis for canine genetic breeding re-search and provide new ideas and methods for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.
文摘In order to reduce the risks for the spread of disease in cattle movements, we investigated China’s cattle breeding and movement pattern, analyzed risk factors of disease infection caused by long-distance movement, explored the relevant risk management measures and conjectured the direction of cattle movement based on the regional distribution of cattle inventory and beef price. We also constructed a market value chain in live cattle movements and qualitatively analyzed the risks for unapparent infection in the process of movement. Meanwhile, we put forward a long-term policy of reducing the risks for unapparent infection and animal health supervision measures.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province(21JR7RA858)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160858)+2 种基金Gansu Youth Science and Technology Fund Program(21JR7RA843)the Beijing University of Agriculture Youth Science Innovation Ability Improvement Project(QJKC2022007)Research Project of Guangdong Vocational College of Science and Trade(GDKM2022-96)。
文摘Background Follicular cysts contribute significantly to reproductive loss in high-yield dairy cows.This results from the death of follicular granulosa cells(GCs)caused by oxidative stress.Quercetin is known to have significant antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.However,the effect of quercetin on follicular cysts has yet been elucidated.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis effects and potential molecular mechanisms of quercetin in H_(2)O_(2)-induced primary cow GCs and 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA)-induced mouse model of oxidative stress and thus treat ovarian cysts in dairy cows.Results In this study,compared with estrus cows,cows with follicular cysts showed heightened levels of oxidative stress and increased follicular cell apoptosis,while autophagy levels were reduced.A model of oxidative stress was induced in vitro by H_(2)O_(2)and showed significant increases in apoptosis together with reduced autophagy.These effects were significantly ameliorated by quercetin.Effects similar to those of quercetin were observed after treatmeat of cells with the reactive oxygen species(RCS)inhibitor N-acetylcysteine(NAC).Further investigations using chloroquine(autophagy inhibito r)]rapamycin(autophagy activato r),selisistat(SIRT1 inhibito r),and compound C(AMPK inhibitor)showed that chloroquine counteracted the effects of quercetin on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis,while rapamycin had the same effect as quercetin.In addition,the SIRT1/AMPK pathway inhibitors antagonized quercetin-mediated mitigation of the effects of oxidative stress on increased apoptosis and reduced autophagy.Consistent with the results in vitro,in mouse ovarian oxidative stress model induced by 3-NPA,quercetin activated autophagy through the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway,while alleviating oxidative stress damage and inhibiting apoptosis in mouse ovaries.Conclusions These findings indicate that quercetin can inhibit apoptosis in GCs and restore ovarian function by activating autophagy through the SIRT1/ROS/AMPK signaling pathway,suggesting a new direction for the treatment of ovarian follicular cysts in high-yield dairy cows.
基金Innovation Project of Guangdong Graduate Education(2022JGXM129,2022JGXM128,2023ANLK-080)Foshan Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(2024-GJ 037)+3 种基金The Quality Engineering Project of Foshan University in 2023Demonstration Project of Ideological and Political Reform of Guangdong Education Department(Guangdong Higher Education Letter[2021]No.21)Guangdong Provincial Department of Education,Provincial First-Class Undergraduate Courses(Guangdong Higher Education Letter[2023]No.33)Ministry of Education Industry School Cooperation Collaborative Education Project in 2023(230703232312141)。
文摘To address the challenges in training veterinary master’s students,it is essential to align with the core objectives of veterinary graduate education.This involves focusing on faculty development,course design,innovative teaching methods,university-industry collaboration,and reforming the evaluation system.By applying the outcome-based education model,new approaches to veterinary graduate training can be developed,particularly for applied talent development in agricultural universities serving local communities.This innovative model emphasizes ideological and political education,aiming to enhance students’abilities in knowledge and practical innovation,preparing them to be well-rounded professionals.The goal is to cultivate senior veterinary experts who are not only skilled in academic research and scientific inquiry but also committed to advancing agriculture,rural areas,and supporting rural revitalization.This approach provides a valuable framework for fostering highly qualified graduates who are both technically proficient and socially responsible.
文摘Somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT） and parthenogenesis are alternative forms of reproduction and development, building new life cycles on differentiated somatic cell nuclei and duplicated maternal chromatin, respectively. In the preceding paper （Sun F, et al., Cell Res 2007; 17：117-134.）, we showed that an ＂erase-and-rebuild＂ strategy is used in normal development to transform the maternal gene expression profile to a zygotic one. Here, we investigate if the same strategy also applies to SCNT and parthenogenesis. The relationship between chromatin and chromatin factors （CFs） during SCNT and parthenogenesis was examined using immunochemical and GFP-fusion protein assays. Results from these studies indicated that soon after nuclear transfer, a majority of CFs dissociated from somatic nuclei and were redistributed to the cytoplasm of the egg. The erasure process in oogenesis is recaptured during the initial phase in SCNT. Most CFs entered pseudo-pronuclei shortly after their formation. In parthenogenesis, all parthenogenotes underwent normal oogenesis, and thus had removed most CFs from chromosomes before the initiation of development. The CFs were subsequently re-associated with female pronuclei in time and sequence similar to that in fertilized embryos. Based on these data, we conclude that the ＂erase-and-rebuild＂ process observed in normal development also occurs in SCNT and in parthenogenesis, albeit in altered fashions. The process is responsible for transcription reprogramming in these procedures. The ＂erase＂ process in SCNT is compressed and the efficiency is compromised, which likely contribute to the developmental defects often observed in nuclear transfer （nt） embryos. Furthermore, results from this study indicated that the cytoplasm of an egg contains most, if not all, essential components for assembling the zygotic program and can assemble them onto appropriate diploid chromatin of distinct origins.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30871800, 30471259)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2006BAD04A03-07)
文摘In this paper, toll-like receptor expression pattern in monocytes-derived macrophages by lipopolysaccharid （LPS） stimulation was examined. Jugular venous blood samples from 4 Japanese calves were obtained and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） were isolated. The PBMC were cultured for 7 d so as to collect monocytes-derived macrophages in Repcell. The PBMC were stimulated by LPS for 24 h and the mRNA expression pattern of TLR and cytokines in monocytes-derived macrophages （Mod-Mφ） was analyzed. Results showed that LPS stimulation of Mod-Mφ could increase the mRNA levels of the genes of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. In addition, the mRNA levels of the genes of TNF-α and IL-6 in the group of LPS stimulation were most significantly （P 〈 0.01） higher than those in control group and the mRNA levels of TLR1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 were significantly （P 〈 0.05） decreased after LPS stimulation. There was no difference in the mRNA expressions of TLR2, 4, 6, and 7 between the groups of the control and LPS stimulation. Besides, expression of TLR9 was not found. It suggested that monocytes-derived macrophages could respond to LPS and they might take an important role in the innate immunity. The important function of the cells might contribute to better disease treatment.
基金supported by a loth 5-year personwith-ability prject of Anhui province,Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Educational Institution(No.2006KJ/69B)Key Scientific Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.07020303055,08010302070)
文摘Carcass,meat quality,and feather-down traits of 123 geese from an F_1 population of Wanxi White goose(male parent)and Sichuan White goose(female parent)were measured,and an additional 12 compound indices were constructed from the single traits,using factor analysis.The coding region of melanocortin receptor-4(MC4R)gene was amplified by PCR and the products were digested with four restriction endonucleases Hinf I,Ear I,Pst I,and Pvu II to detect restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)in the MC4R gene,to analyze its associations with the traits.The only RFLP was exposed by digesting with Hinf I indicating two genotypes,HH and Hh,with frequencies of allele H and h being 0.8902 and 0.1098 in the F_1 population.Significant effects of genotype HH were found on carcass weight,eviscerated weight(with giblet),liver weight,heart weight,stomach percentage,abdominal fat percentage,breast muscle drip water loss and down proportion and many of the compound indices,and all genotypic contribution percentages(CP,genotypic effect on the population mean)were between-5%and 5%;effects of genotype Hh with the MC4R gene mutation,were not significant.Effects of genotype Hh were significant on two of the compound indices related to fat deposition:the fat index(CP=3.314%,P<0.05)and fatty acid quality(CP=1.218%,P<0.05).
文摘Thirty Holstein Friesian cows with similar weight, age, calving number, lactating length, fat percentage, and same physiology condition were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: group I, group II and group III, 20 g and 40 g Cysteamine /(cow·day) was supplemented into the normal diet for group I and group II, respectively; group III was used as control. Results showed that, group I and group II produced 4.86 % and 6.88 % more milk than that of control (P<0.05); Meanwhile, FCM (3.5 % fat) of group I and group II was increased by 4.98 % (P<0.01) and 6.56 % (P<0.01). Change of the milk fat among the three groups were not significant(P<0.05). Average daily milk protein yield significantly was increased by 4.14 % and 2.76 % respectively (P<0.05), though the milk protein content was slightly reduced. Moreover, somatic cells of the cow in the three groups were in normal physiological range in this trial.
文摘AIM： To develop a highly efficacious method for preparation of soluble SAPS S-protein using adenovirus vector to meet the requirement for S-protein investigation. METHODS： The human adenovirus vector was used to express the soluble S-protein （corresponding to 1-1190 amino acids） fused with Myc/His tag using codon-optimized gene construct in HEK239 cells. The recombinant adenovirus bearing S-protein gene was generated by ligation method. The expressed S-protein with Myc/His tag was purified from culture medium with Ni-NTA agarose beads followed by dialysis. The S-protein was detected by Western blot and its biologic activity was analyzed by binding to Vero cells. RESULTS： Under the conditions of infection dose （MOI of 50） and expression time （48 h）, the high-level expression of S-protein was obtained. The expression level was determined to be approximately 75 μg/106 cells after purification. Purified soluble S-protein was readily detected by Western blot with anti-Myc antibody and showed the ability to bind to surface of Vero cells, demonstrating that the soluble S-protein could remain the biologic activity in the native molecule. CONCLUSION： The high-level expression of S-protein in HEK293 cells mediated by adenovirus can be achieved under the optimized expression conditions. The proteins possess the biologic activity, which lays a foundation for further investigation of S-protein biological function.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515140052)Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(No.KTP20240768)Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(No.2022ZDJS036)。
文摘Since the outbreak of COVID-19,mRNA vaccine technology has achieved groundbreaking advancements.Characterized by its high safety profile and potent immune activation capabilities,this technology has demonstrated significant potential in the prevention of infectious diseases and cancer therapeutics,marking a new milestone in vaccine development.This review focuses on three key aspects—molecular design,delivery systems,and immunological mechanisms—providing a comprehensive analysis of structural optimization strategies,delivery methodologies,and immune modulation approaches for mRNA vaccines.Additionally,it summarizes and evaluates potential challenges that may arise in the future development of mRNA vaccines.By analyzing existing technological pathways,this review aims to advance innovation in mRNA vaccine technology and facilitate its broad applications in public health and veterinary medicine.
文摘The effects of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)on broiler growth performance,immune function,and in-testinal health were investigated.A total of 540 one-d-old Arbor Acres Plus broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 chickens per replicate.Broilers in the control(CON)group received a corn-soybean meal based basal diet,those in the antibiotics(ANT)group received the basal diet plus 500 mg/kg oxytetracycline,and those in XOS groups received the basal diet plus 150,300,or 450 mg/kg XOS.Compared with CON,the body weight at 42 d and average daily gain from 1 to 42 d were significantly increased in the 150,450 mg/kg XOS-added and ANT groups(P=0.018),and the relative expression of claudin-1 and ZO-1 mRNA in the ileum was significantly higher in the 300 and 450 mg/kg XOS-added groups(P<0.001).The feed conversion ratios(P<0.001)and abdominal fat rates(P=0.012)of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age were significantly lower in all XOS-added groups than in the control group.Splenic index(P=0.036)and bursa of Fabricius index(P=0.009)were significantly better in the ANT group and each XOS-added group than in the control group.Compared to CON and ANT,serum IgA(P=0.007)and IgG(P=0.002)levels were significantly higher in the 300 mg/kg XOS-added group,and the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera(Alistipes)was also significantly higher(P<0.001).Meanwhile,ileal villus height(P<0.001)and ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V:C)(P=0.001)were significantly increased in XOS-added broilers.In analysis of re-lationships between cecal microbes and the physical barrier of the gut,[Ruminococcus]_torques_group was positively correlated with mRNA expression of ileal ZO-1 and claudin-1(P<0.05),and Bacteroides was positively correlated with increased ileal villus height and V:C(P<0.05).Overall,XOS addition to broiler diets improved growth performance,promoted intestinal health by enhancing intestinal barrier function and regulating cecal microbiota diversity,and had positive effects on immunity.
文摘Herpes simplex virus (HSV), the viral agent causing human genital herpes, recurs easily and poses significant harm to patients, while also being associated with atherosclerosis (AS). Currently, no effective therapy or vaccine exists to combat HSV. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of HSV and its DNA in AS-diseased tissue, yet the precise pathogenesis of HSV involvement remains unclear. To investigate the genetic mechanism of HSV-induced vascular endothelial injury and AS, a type of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304 cells) cultured in vitro were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The effect of HSV-2 on differential gene expression in ECV304 cells was investigated by gene microarray technology during the early stages of infection. The results revealed a total of 462 differentially expressed genes, with 318 genes exhibiting up-regulated expression and 144 genes showing down-regulated expression. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed that all 462 differentially expressed genes were implicated in 237 distinct biological processes. Notably, 79 of these biological processes demonstrated statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), encompassing critical functions such as protein synthesis, ribosome biogenesis and assembly, as well as DNA and mRNA metabolism. Our findings have unveiled the differentially expressed genes of HSV-2 in ECV304 cells during infection, offering crucial insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying HSV-2 invasion of endothelial cells and the pathobiology of AS.
