As mental health issues among adolescents receive increasing attention,the impact of physical exercise on mental health has become prominent.In this paper,junior high school students in Luoding County and Yunan County...As mental health issues among adolescents receive increasing attention,the impact of physical exercise on mental health has become prominent.In this paper,junior high school students in Luoding County and Yunan County of Yunfu are taken as participants.It employs a convenient sampling method to distribute questionnaires,utilizes relevant scales for measurement,and analyzes the data with the assistance of SPSS 26.0.The results indicate a significantly negative correlation between physical exercise and social anxiety.Overall,junior high school students in this region engage in relatively weak physical exercise,and their social anxiety is at a moderate level,with female students being more prone to anxiety.Left-behind children exhibit higher levels of social anxiety compared to non-left-behind children.There are notable differences among group characteristics,with social and cultural factors and physiological factors influencing gender differences,and the lack of family support affecting the social anxiety of left-behind children.This study provides a basis for intervening in psychological anxiety and other issues.It is suggested deepening the sports collaborative education mechanism,paying attention to the cultivation of social and emotional abilities of left-behind children,and using physical exercise to promote the development of students social adaptability.展开更多
The present study was built upon a previous study on the new generation video game, exergame, in elementary school physical education （PE）. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of exergames on elementa...The present study was built upon a previous study on the new generation video game, exergame, in elementary school physical education （PE）. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of exergames on elementary children＇s in-class physical activity （PA） intensity levels and perceived situational interest over time. The results indicated that students＇ situational interest dropped dramatically over two semesters, but their PA intensity increased over time. The results showed that boys and girls were equally active in the exergaming lessons, but boys perceived their gaming experiences more enjoyable than girls did. The findings suggest that exergames may be a possible means to enhance PA in PE. However, whether exergaming is a sustainable way to motivate children in PA is questionable.展开更多
BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to st...BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.展开更多
BACKGROUND Flight cadets need to have good physical fitness to cope with the challenges of flying missions.The continuous development of science and technology has led to the constant upgrading of fighter jets and the...BACKGROUND Flight cadets need to have good physical fitness to cope with the challenges of flying missions.The continuous development of science and technology has led to the constant upgrading of fighter jets and the improvement of their performance,which has resulted in new and higher requirements for the physical fitness of flight personnel.The traditional physical training mode,method,and assessment have been used for many years and do not meet current fitness needs.AIM To investigate the impact of a 12-wk comprehensive anti-G fitness training program on the aerobic capacity of aviation cadets and to evaluate its effectiveness.METHODS Fifty-five cadets were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups using a randomized,single-blind design.The control group maintained their existing training regimen,while the experimental group participated in a 12-wk comprehensive training intervention.The training program comprised strength training twice per week,high-intensity interval training three times per week,and supplemental nutritional and psychological support.Maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max),lower limb strength,and hemoglobin levels were measured at baseline,at 6 wk and 12 wk post-intervention.RESULTS Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant differences of both VO2max and relative VO2 in both groups across time points(P<0.05).However,no significant time-group interaction was observed(P>0.05).Paired t-tests comparing baseline and 12-wk results showed that VO2max and relative VO2 were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group(P<0.05).This suggests that the training program effectively enhanced the aerobic capacity of the experimental group.Key indicators of aerobic capacity,bilateral lower limb strength and hemoglobin levels,were also significantly different over time and between groups(P<0.05).No significant differences were noted in heart-rate metrics(P>0.05).CONCLUSION A 12-wk comprehensive anti-G fitness training program significantly improved the aerobic capacity of aviation cadets,thereby enhancing their overall capacity and laying a physiological foundation for enduring high-G flights.展开更多
Background:Exercise procrastination is prevalent among college students,causing decline in physical fitness.It is imperative to investigate the mechanism affecting college students’physical activity behaviors.This st...Background:Exercise procrastination is prevalent among college students,causing decline in physical fitness.It is imperative to investigate the mechanism affecting college students’physical activity behaviors.This study was aimed at investigating the effect of procrastination on college students’physical exercise behavior,and the chain mediation effects of exercise commitment and action control(AC),to provide a theoretical basis for interventions targeting physical exercise behavior among college students.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling.The General Procrastination Scale,Exercise Commitment Scale,Action Control Scale,and Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 questionnaires were used.Participants were 581 college students(age 19.27±0.94 years;243 males and 338 females).Statistical methods of regression analysis and structural equation modeling(SEM)were applied.Results:Procrastination,exercise commitment,and action control were found to be significant predictors of physical exercise behavior.Among these predictors,exercise commitment and action control showed full mediation effects in the relationship between procrastination and physical exercise behavior,and explained 25.48%and 30.77%of the total variance,respectively.The chain mediation effect of exercise commitment-action control was significant,accounting for 22.60%of the total variance,and the total indirect effect was 79.33%.Conclusion:Therefore,higher procrastination was associated with less participation in physical exercise behavior among college students.Improvements in exercise commitment and volitional decision-making ability for physical exercise behavior promoted physical exercise behavior,and increased exercise commitment promoted volitional decision-making ability among the students.The chain reaction effect of exercise commitment and action control also buffered the negative effects of procrastination on physical exercise behavior,thereby increasing physical exercise behavior among college students.展开更多
Objectives:Adolescents using active transport(AT)to school have higher levels of physical activity(PA)compared with motorized transport(MT)users.This study compared school day and weekend day PA in adolescents using A...Objectives:Adolescents using active transport(AT)to school have higher levels of physical activity(PA)compared with motorized transport(MT)users.This study compared school day and weekend day PA in adolescents using AT,MT,or combined AT and MT(AT + MT)to travel to school.Methods:Adolescents(n= 314;age:14.7±1.4 years;32.8% boys)from Dunedin(New Zealand)wore an accelerometer for 7 days and completed a self-reported survey regarding mode of transport to school(73 AT,56 AT + MT,and 185 MT).Data were analyzed using t tests,analysis of variance,and χ2 tests.Results:Although the proportion of adolescents meeting PA guidelines significantly differed among transport groups(AT,47.9%;AT + MT,46.4%;MT,33.5%;p=0.048;overall,39.2%),the observed differences were due mainly to girls.Compared with MT,AT and AT+MT engaged in more moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)per day(AT:61.2 ± 23.2 min;AT+MT:59.6 ± 21.7 min;MT:52.5 ± 19.6 min;p = 0.004;p<0.001,adjusted for gender),per school day and before school.Immediately after school(15:00-16:00),AT engaged in significantly more MVPA compared with AT + MT and MT.No differences in MVPA between the groups were observed in the late afternoon/early evening period during school days or on weekend days.Conclusion:Compared with MT users,adolescent girls using AT or AT + MT accumulated more MVPA during school commute time.AT + MT to school is also a plausible way to increase adolescent girls’ PA when AT only is not feasible.展开更多
The effects of liquid-solid ratio and reaction time on the leaching rate of magnesium at room temperature were investigated,as well as the effects of the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2),the amount of water added,and the a...The effects of liquid-solid ratio and reaction time on the leaching rate of magnesium at room temperature were investigated,as well as the effects of the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2),the amount of water added,and the amount of acid-impregnated slag dosed on the compressive strength and water resistance of LR-MOC.The results showed that the magnesium element in the boron mud could be maximally leached under the conditions of 1:1 concentration of hydrochloric acid at room temperature,liquid-solid ratio of 2.5 mL·g^(-1),and reaction time of 5 h,and the main products were amorphous SiO_(2) as well as a small amount of magnesium olivine which had not been completely reacted.The LR-MOC prepared using the acid-soaked mixture could reach a softening coefficient of 0.85 for 28 d of water immersion when the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2) was 2.2,the amount of water added was 0 g,and the acid-soaked slag dosing was 40 wt%,which also led to an appreciable late-strength,with an increase of 19.4%in compressive strength at 28 d compared to that at 7 d.Unlike previous studies,LR-MOC prepared in this way has a final strength phase that is not the more easily hydrolysed 3-phase but the lath-like 5-phase.For this phenomenon,we analyzed the mechanism and found that,during the acid leaching process,a part of amorphous SiO_(2) dissolved in the acid leaching solution formed a silica sol,in which Mg^(2+)played a bridging role to make the silica sol more stable.With the addition and hydrolysis of MgO,the silica sol gel coagulation slows down,providing a capping layer to inhibit the hydrolysis of the 5-phase crystals and providing some strength after coagulation.The amorphous SiO_(2) in the other part of the acid-impregnated slag generated M-S-H gel with Mg^(2+)and OH-,which synergised with the dense structure composed of interlocking crystals to improve the water resistance of LR-MOC.展开更多
A complex system is inherently high-dimensional.Recent studies indicate that,even without complete knowledge of its evolutionary dynamics,the future behavior of such a system can be predicted using time-series data(da...A complex system is inherently high-dimensional.Recent studies indicate that,even without complete knowledge of its evolutionary dynamics,the future behavior of such a system can be predicted using time-series data(data-driven prediction).This suggests that the essential dynamics of a complex system can be captured through a low-dimensional representation.Virus evolution and climate change are two examples of complex,time-varying systems.In this article,we show that mutations in the spike protein provide valuable data for predicting SARS-CoV-2 variants,forecasting the possible emergence of the new macro-lineage Q in the near future.Our analysis also demonstrates that carbon dioxide concentration is a reliable indicator for predicting the evolution of the climate system,extending global surface air temperature(GSAT)forecasts through 2500.展开更多
Accurately estimating protein–ligand binding free energy is crucial for drug design and biophysics, yet remains a challenging task. In this study, we applied the screening molecular mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann surfa...Accurately estimating protein–ligand binding free energy is crucial for drug design and biophysics, yet remains a challenging task. In this study, we applied the screening molecular mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann surface area(MM/PBSA)method in combination with various machine learning techniques to compute the binding free energies of protein–ligand interactions. Our results demonstrate that machine learning outperforms direct screening MM/PBSA calculations in predicting protein–ligand binding free energies. Notably, the random forest(RF) method exhibited the best predictive performance,with a Pearson correlation coefficient(rp) of 0.702 and a mean absolute error(MAE) of 1.379 kcal/mol. Furthermore, we analyzed feature importance rankings in the gradient boosting(GB), adaptive boosting(Ada Boost), and RF methods, and found that feature selection significantly impacted predictive performance. In particular, molecular weight(MW) and van der Waals(VDW) energies played a decisive role in the prediction. Overall, this study highlights the potential of combining machine learning methods with screening MM/PBSA for accurately predicting binding free energies in biosystems.展开更多
In this study,we investigate the critical phenomena of Kerr-AdS black holes under the modified first law of thermodynamics.Specifically,we considered modified black hole thermodynamics that exhibit a van der Waalslike...In this study,we investigate the critical phenomena of Kerr-AdS black holes under the modified first law of thermodynamics.Specifically,we considered modified black hole thermodynamics that exhibit a van der Waalslike phase structure.All critical exponents were calculated,and then,a swallowtail diagram of free energy was plotted.Comparing with existing results,the main difference is the correspondence between the thermal quantities of Kerr-AdS black holes and the van der Waals system.In a previous study[Y.D.Tsai,X.N.Wu,and Y.Yang,Phys.Rev.D 85044005(2012)],the correspondence was(Ω_(H),J)→(V,P),while in our study,the correspondence was(J,Ω_(H))→(V,P).This difference was owing to the rotating effect.The modified black hole thermodynamics were associated with rotating observers.The free energy in such a reference contains extra rotating energy,which induces a Legendre transformation in the(Ω_(H),J)cross-section,causing the difference in correspondence.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)moirésuperlattices with a small twist in orientation exhibit a broad range of physical properties due to the complicated intralayer and interlayer interactions modulated by the twist angle.Here...Two-dimensional(2D)moirésuperlattices with a small twist in orientation exhibit a broad range of physical properties due to the complicated intralayer and interlayer interactions modulated by the twist angle.Here,we report a metal-semiconductor phase transition in homojunction moirésuperlattices of NiS_2 and PtTe_2 with large twist angles based on high-throughput screening of 2D materials MX_(2)(M=Ni,Pd,Pt;X=S,Se,Te)via density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Firstly,the calculations for different stacking configurations(AA,AB and AC)reveal that AA stacking ones are stable for all the bilayer MX_(2).The metallic or semiconducting properties of these 2D materials remain invariable for different stacking without twisting except for NiS_2 and PtTe_2.For the twisted configurations,NiS_2 transfers from metal to semiconductor when the twist angles are 21.79°,27.79°,32.20°and 60°.PtTe_2 exhibits a similar transition at 60°.The phase transition is due to the weakened d-p orbital hybridization around the Fermi level as the interlayer distance increases in the twisted configurations.Further calculations of untwisted bilayers with increasing interlayer distance demonstrate that all the materials undergo metal-semiconductor phase transition with the increased interlayer distance because of the weakened d-p orbital hybridization.These findings provide fundamental insights into tuning the electronic properties of moirésuperlattices with large twist angles.展开更多
Purpose: This study presents the most recent estimates of prevalence of overweight, obesity, and screen-time viewing among Chinese school-aged children. Demographic differences in these estimates between sexes and res...Purpose: This study presents the most recent estimates of prevalence of overweight, obesity, and screen-time viewing among Chinese school-aged children. Demographic differences in these estimates between sexes and resident locales were also examined.Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of 116,615 Chinese school children 9 to 17 years of age who participated in the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. Outcomes were the prevalence of children's overweight(85 th ≤ body mass index(BMI) < 95 th percentile) and obesity(BMI ≥95 th percentile)(defined by the Working Group on Obesity in China) and not meeting screen-time viewing recommendations("not meeting" was defined as more than 2 h per day of viewing activities after school). Analyses were conducted on the whole sample and by school grade cohorts(primary, junior middle, and junior high schools), sex, and residence locales(urban, rural).Results: Overall, 14.4%(95% confidence interval(CI): 13.8%–15.0%) of children and adolescents were overweight, 11.9%(95%CI: 11.0%–13.0%) were obese, and 36.8%(95%CI: 34.7%–38.9%) did not meet screen-time viewing recommendations. Across the 3-grade cohorts, boys were more likely to be obese than girls, and primary and junior middle school children living in urban areas were more likely to be obese than those living in rural areas. Primary and junior middle school boys were less likely to meet screen-time recommendations than girls, and junior high school children living in urban areas were less likely to meet screen-time recommendations than school children of the same grades living in rural areas.Conclusion: In 2016, the prevalence of obesity among Chinese school children was about 12%, and about 37% of them did not meet screen-time viewing recommendations. The prevalence of obesity and sedentary behavior was generally higher among boys than among girls, and it was higher for children living in urban areas than for those living in rural areas.展开更多
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between school and community physical activity(PA) characteristics and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school chil...Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between school and community physical activity(PA) characteristics and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school children.Methods: Data were obtained from the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. Participants were 80,928 school children(Grades 4–12; 39,747 boys, 41,181 girls; mean age = 13 years) and 935 physical education(PE) teachers who completed a study survey.Independent variables included both school-related factors(school-level PA support, availability of and access to PA facilities, and the duration of school PE classes) and community-related factors(the frequency of sports events, sports training opportunities, availability of sports clubs and organizations, and access to PA facilities). The dependent variable was the children's self-reported participation in MVPA. The data were analyzed,in 2017, via multilevel modeling.Results: PA support from school administrators was the only school-level factor significantly related to children's participation in MVPA.Children's perceptions of the frequency of community-sponsored sports events, availability of sports clubs and organizations, and convenient access to PA facilities were associated with a high level of MVPA participation. In regard to residency in urban and rural areas, children attending urban schools who perceived high availability of PA facilities were associated with a low level of participation in MVPA.Conclusion: School support for PA and community PA resources are associated with MVPA among Chinese school children. School PA facilities appear underutilized among urban schools as evidenced by low levels of MVPA among school children.展开更多
Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between parental support for physical activity(PA) and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school children.Methods:...Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between parental support for physical activity(PA) and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school children.Methods: Study participants were 81,857 school-aged children(aged 9–17 years; mean age = 13 years; 49.0% boys) and their parents or guardians who took part in the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. The independent variables included various forms of parental support for PA ascertained through a survey completed by parents or guardians. The dependent variable was the children's average MVPA in minutes per day by self-report. Structure equation modeling was used to examine the associations between parental support for PA and children's MVPA minutes.Results: The overall mean for MVPA participation time for the child participants was 48.82 ± 28.71 min/day. Significant associations between various forms of parental support and MVPA among children were found. Parental encouragement, accompanying, financial support, involvement,and role modeling for PA were positively associated with a high level of student MVPA participation. Parental PA knowledge-sharing was not associated with MVPA. The patterns of the associations were similar across sex, residence locale(i.e., urban and rural), and school grades(primary,junior middle, and junior high schools).Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that, among Chinese school children, parental support for PA is important in promoting and facilitating children's participation in MVPA.展开更多
Purpose This study aimed to describe the national prevalence of Chinese children and adolescents who met the World Health Organization muscle-strengthening exercise(MSE)recommendations and identify correlates of meeti...Purpose This study aimed to describe the national prevalence of Chinese children and adolescents who met the World Health Organization muscle-strengthening exercise(MSE)recommendations and identify correlates of meeting the MSE recommendations.Methods Cross-sectional data from the 2019 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study,a nationally representative sample of Chinese children and adolescents(n=80,413;mean age=13.7 years;53.9%girls)and their parents,were analyzed.Children and adolescents who reported engaging≥3 days(up to 7 days)of MSE per week were classified as meeting the MSE recommendations.MSE,demographics,lifestyle behaviors(sport participation,moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,screen time,and sleep duration),exercise intention,peer and parental support,and parental MSE participation were assessed through self-reports.Logistic regression models were used to determine the correlates of meeting the MSE recommendations.The analyses were completed in 2020.Results Overall,39.3%of children and adolescents met the MSE recommendations.Girls,10th-12th graders,minorities,those from lower income households and those from families with lower parental education were less likely to meet the MSE recommendations.Children and adolescents who were proficient in≥2 sports were more likely to meet the MSE recommendations(adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.44,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.26-1.65),as were those with more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(aOR=1.57,95%CI:1.53-1.61).Additionally,children and adolescents with high exercise intention(aOR=1.60,95%CI:1.51-1.69),those whose parents met the adult MSE recommendations(aOR=1.46,95%CI:1.40-1.52),and those who received high peer(aOR=1.27,95%CI:1.20-1.34)and parental support(aOR=1.07,95%CI:1.04-1.12)were more likely to meet the MSE recommendations.Conclusion Less than two-fifths of Chinese children and adolescents met the World Health Organization MSE recommendations.The correlates identified in our study can help inform the development of school and community based strategies and policies to enhance participation in MSE and improve muscular fitness of all Chinese children and adolescents.展开更多
Background: Studies have indicated that there is a positive and indirect relationship between physical activity(PA) and quality of life(QoL). The current study examined this relationship through a social cognitive mod...Background: Studies have indicated that there is a positive and indirect relationship between physical activity(PA) and quality of life(QoL). The current study examined this relationship through a social cognitive model with consideration to the intermediary effects of exercise self-efficacy,and physical(PCS, physical component summary) and psychological(MCS, mental component summary) health. Additionally, this model was widened to include concepts from the ecological theory, and any causal associations among neighborhood environment, PA, and QoL.Methods: Six hundred and eighty-four physically active adults(39.16 ± 13.52 years, mean ± SD), living in Athens, Greece, completed a series of questionnaires measuring PA, QoL, exercise self-efficacy, PCS, MCS, neighborhood environment, and family and friend support for PA. The examined models were analyzed using structural equation modeling.Results: The social cognitive and ecological models proved to be of appropriate fit. Within the social cognitive model, PA positively affected QoL through the mediating effects of exercise self-efficacy, PCS, and MCS. With regards to the ecological model, neighborhood environment positively influenced QoL through the intermediary effects of family support for PA, exercise self-efficacy, PA, PCS, and MCS.Conclusion: Results indicated that the most important mediators in the examined models were exercise self-efficacy and health. Further, findings demonstrated the role of neighborhood environment in enhancing PA and QoL. Future studies should be carried out applying longitudinal data for a better understanding of these associations over time.展开更多
This data article describes data acquired from the Database of Youth Health(DYH)program.The DYH program consisted of a multi-wave survey conducted annually in the academic year 2015/2016,2016/2017,2017/2018,and 2020/2...This data article describes data acquired from the Database of Youth Health(DYH)program.The DYH program consisted of a multi-wave survey conducted annually in the academic year 2015/2016,2016/2017,2017/2018,and 2020/2021 to investigate the status quo of health and health-related behaviors of Chinese junior and senior high school students.A total of 99,327 students from 186 secondary schools in 17 cities of Shandong province participated in the survey.The dataset is longitudinal and consists of rich parameters in aspects of individual information,social-economic status,social interaction,nutrition and diet,psychological cognition,mental health,school adaptation,quality of life,spare-time physical activity,risk behaviors,and physical fitness evaluation results based on the National Student Physical Fitness and Health 2014.It is the first open shared dataset about Chinese adolescents’health and health-related behaviors.It would be valuable and beneficial for policy makers,educational institutions,and other stakeholders to generate or adjust the existing strategies for improving Chinese adolescents’wellbeing.展开更多
Exergames can be considered a dual task because the games are performed by a man-videogame interface, requiring cognitive and motor functions simultaneously. Although the literature has shown improvements of cognitive...Exergames can be considered a dual task because the games are performed by a man-videogame interface, requiring cognitive and motor functions simultaneously. Although the literature has shown improvements of cognitive and physical functions due to exergames, the intrinsic mechanisms involved in these functional changes have still not been elucidated. The aims of the present study were（1） to demonstrate the known biological mechanisms of physical exercise regarding muscle adaptation and establish a relationship with exergames; and（2） to present a neurobiological hypothesis about the neuroplastic effects of exergames on the cognitive function of institutionalized older persons. These hypotheses are discussed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Physical education is pivotal in our country’s education reform.Urban schools have notably enhanced the intensity of physical education in recent years.However,the effects of physical education on students...BACKGROUND Physical education is pivotal in our country’s education reform.Urban schools have notably enhanced the intensity of physical education in recent years.However,the effects of physical education on students'anxiety,depression,and self-esteem levels,as well as their interrelations,remain unexplored.Compared with the domestic norms,SAS and SDS scores were higher,and SES scores were lower(P<0.05).Among the participants,210(43.93%)had PARS-3 scores below 20,94(19.67%)had scores of 20-42,and 174(36.40%)had scores above 42.After adjusting for daily sleep time,gender,being an only child,major,father’s educational background,mother’s educational background,and family residence,PARS-3 scores were independent influencing factors for anxiety,depression,and low self-esteem(P<0.05).The AUC of PARS-3 scores predicting anxiety,depression,and low self-esteem were 0.805(0.760-0.849),0.799(0.755-0.843),and 0.831(0.788-0.874),respectively.The sensitivities were 0.799,0.801,and 0.748,and the specificities were 0.743,0.716,and 0.814,respectively.PARS-3 was negatively correlated with SAS and SDS scores(r=-0.566,-0.621,both P<0.001)and positively correlated with SES scores(r=-0.621,P<0.001).SES scores were negatively correlated with SAS and SDS scores(r=-0.508,r=-0.518,both P<0.001).CONCLUSION The amount of physical activity is negatively correlated with anxiety and depression degree and positively correlated with self-esteem degree.展开更多
In recent years evidence has emerged suggesting that Mini-basketball training program(MBTP)can be an effec-tive intervention method to improve social communication(SC)impairments and restricted and repetitive beha-vio...In recent years evidence has emerged suggesting that Mini-basketball training program(MBTP)can be an effec-tive intervention method to improve social communication(SC)impairments and restricted and repetitive beha-viors(RRBs)in preschool children suffering from autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,there is a considerable degree if interindividual variability concerning these social outcomes and thus not all preschool chil-dren with ASD profit from a MBTP intervention to the same extent.In order to make more accurate predictions which preschool children with ASD can benefit from an MBTP intervention or which preschool children with ASD need additional interventions to achieve behavioral improvements,further research is required.This study aimed to investigate which individual factors of preschool children with ASD can predict MBTP intervention out-comes concerning SC impairments and RRBs.Then,test the performance of machine learning models in predict-ing intervention outcomes based on these factors.Participants were 26 preschool children with ASD who enrolled in a quasi-experiment and received MBTP intervention.Baseline demographic variables(e.g.,age,body,mass index[BMI]),indicators of physicalfitness(e.g.,handgrip strength,balance performance),performance in execu-tive function,severity of ASD symptoms,level of SC impairments,and severity of RRBs were obtained to predict treatment outcomes after MBTP intervention.Machine learning models were established based on support vector machine algorithm were implemented.For comparison,we also employed multiple linear regression models in statistics.Ourfindings suggest that in preschool children with ASD symptomatic severity(r=0.712,p<0.001)and baseline SC impairments(r=0.713,p<0.001)are predictors for intervention outcomes of SC impair-ments.Furthermore,BMI(r=-0.430,p=0.028),symptomatic severity(r=0.656,p<0.001),baseline SC impair-ments(r=0.504,p=0.009)and baseline RRBs(r=0.647,p<0.001)can predict intervention outcomes of RRBs.Statistical models predicted 59.6%of variance in post-treatment SC impairments(MSE=0.455,RMSE=0.675,R2=0.596)and 58.9%of variance in post-treatment RRBs(MSE=0.464,RMSE=0.681,R2=0.589).Machine learning models predicted 83%of variance in post-treatment SC impairments(MSE=0.188,RMSE=0.434,R2=0.83)and 85.9%of variance in post-treatment RRBs(MSE=0.051,RMSE=0.226,R2=0.859),which were better than statistical models.Ourfindings suggest that baseline characteristics such as symptomatic severity of 144 IJMHP,2022,vol.24,no.2 ASD symptoms and SC impairments are important predictors determining MBTP intervention-induced improvements concerning SC impairments and RBBs.Furthermore,the current study revealed that machine learning models can successfully be applied to predict the MBTP intervention-related outcomes in preschool chil-dren with ASD,and performed better than statistical models.Ourfindings can help to inform which preschool children with ASD are most likely to benefit from an MBTP intervention,and they might provide a reference for the development of personalized intervention programs for preschool children with ASD.展开更多
基金Supported by Zhaoqing Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Office Project(19ZC-19)Research and Practice Project of Promoting the High-quality Development of Basic Education by the Construction of New Normal School in 2023Key Research Platforms and Project Proposals for Ordinary Universities in 2022(2022ZDZX4058).
文摘As mental health issues among adolescents receive increasing attention,the impact of physical exercise on mental health has become prominent.In this paper,junior high school students in Luoding County and Yunan County of Yunfu are taken as participants.It employs a convenient sampling method to distribute questionnaires,utilizes relevant scales for measurement,and analyzes the data with the assistance of SPSS 26.0.The results indicate a significantly negative correlation between physical exercise and social anxiety.Overall,junior high school students in this region engage in relatively weak physical exercise,and their social anxiety is at a moderate level,with female students being more prone to anxiety.Left-behind children exhibit higher levels of social anxiety compared to non-left-behind children.There are notable differences among group characteristics,with social and cultural factors and physiological factors influencing gender differences,and the lack of family support affecting the social anxiety of left-behind children.This study provides a basis for intervening in psychological anxiety and other issues.It is suggested deepening the sports collaborative education mechanism,paying attention to the cultivation of social and emotional abilities of left-behind children,and using physical exercise to promote the development of students social adaptability.
文摘The present study was built upon a previous study on the new generation video game, exergame, in elementary school physical education （PE）. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of exergames on elementary children＇s in-class physical activity （PA） intensity levels and perceived situational interest over time. The results indicated that students＇ situational interest dropped dramatically over two semesters, but their PA intensity increased over time. The results showed that boys and girls were equally active in the exergaming lessons, but boys perceived their gaming experiences more enjoyable than girls did. The findings suggest that exergames may be a possible means to enhance PA in PE. However, whether exergaming is a sustainable way to motivate children in PA is questionable.
文摘BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.
基金the Ethics Committee of Beijing Sport University(No.2019113H).
文摘BACKGROUND Flight cadets need to have good physical fitness to cope with the challenges of flying missions.The continuous development of science and technology has led to the constant upgrading of fighter jets and the improvement of their performance,which has resulted in new and higher requirements for the physical fitness of flight personnel.The traditional physical training mode,method,and assessment have been used for many years and do not meet current fitness needs.AIM To investigate the impact of a 12-wk comprehensive anti-G fitness training program on the aerobic capacity of aviation cadets and to evaluate its effectiveness.METHODS Fifty-five cadets were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups using a randomized,single-blind design.The control group maintained their existing training regimen,while the experimental group participated in a 12-wk comprehensive training intervention.The training program comprised strength training twice per week,high-intensity interval training three times per week,and supplemental nutritional and psychological support.Maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max),lower limb strength,and hemoglobin levels were measured at baseline,at 6 wk and 12 wk post-intervention.RESULTS Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant differences of both VO2max and relative VO2 in both groups across time points(P<0.05).However,no significant time-group interaction was observed(P>0.05).Paired t-tests comparing baseline and 12-wk results showed that VO2max and relative VO2 were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group(P<0.05).This suggests that the training program effectively enhanced the aerobic capacity of the experimental group.Key indicators of aerobic capacity,bilateral lower limb strength and hemoglobin levels,were also significantly different over time and between groups(P<0.05).No significant differences were noted in heart-rate metrics(P>0.05).CONCLUSION A 12-wk comprehensive anti-G fitness training program significantly improved the aerobic capacity of aviation cadets,thereby enhancing their overall capacity and laying a physiological foundation for enduring high-G flights.
文摘Background:Exercise procrastination is prevalent among college students,causing decline in physical fitness.It is imperative to investigate the mechanism affecting college students’physical activity behaviors.This study was aimed at investigating the effect of procrastination on college students’physical exercise behavior,and the chain mediation effects of exercise commitment and action control(AC),to provide a theoretical basis for interventions targeting physical exercise behavior among college students.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling.The General Procrastination Scale,Exercise Commitment Scale,Action Control Scale,and Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 questionnaires were used.Participants were 581 college students(age 19.27±0.94 years;243 males and 338 females).Statistical methods of regression analysis and structural equation modeling(SEM)were applied.Results:Procrastination,exercise commitment,and action control were found to be significant predictors of physical exercise behavior.Among these predictors,exercise commitment and action control showed full mediation effects in the relationship between procrastination and physical exercise behavior,and explained 25.48%and 30.77%of the total variance,respectively.The chain mediation effect of exercise commitment-action control was significant,accounting for 22.60%of the total variance,and the total indirect effect was 79.33%.Conclusion:Therefore,higher procrastination was associated with less participation in physical exercise behavior among college students.Improvements in exercise commitment and volitional decision-making ability for physical exercise behavior promoted physical exercise behavior,and increased exercise commitment promoted volitional decision-making ability among the students.The chain reaction effect of exercise commitment and action control also buffered the negative effects of procrastination on physical exercise behavior,thereby increasing physical exercise behavior among college students.
基金supported by the Health Research Council of New Zealand Emerging Researcher First Grant (14/565)National Heart Foundation of New Zealand(1602 and 1615)+2 种基金Lottery Health Research Grant (Applic 341129)University of Otago Research Grant (UORG 2014)Dunedin City Council and internal grants from the School of Physical Education,Sport and Exercise Sciences,University of Otago
文摘Objectives:Adolescents using active transport(AT)to school have higher levels of physical activity(PA)compared with motorized transport(MT)users.This study compared school day and weekend day PA in adolescents using AT,MT,or combined AT and MT(AT + MT)to travel to school.Methods:Adolescents(n= 314;age:14.7±1.4 years;32.8% boys)from Dunedin(New Zealand)wore an accelerometer for 7 days and completed a self-reported survey regarding mode of transport to school(73 AT,56 AT + MT,and 185 MT).Data were analyzed using t tests,analysis of variance,and χ2 tests.Results:Although the proportion of adolescents meeting PA guidelines significantly differed among transport groups(AT,47.9%;AT + MT,46.4%;MT,33.5%;p=0.048;overall,39.2%),the observed differences were due mainly to girls.Compared with MT,AT and AT+MT engaged in more moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)per day(AT:61.2 ± 23.2 min;AT+MT:59.6 ± 21.7 min;MT:52.5 ± 19.6 min;p = 0.004;p<0.001,adjusted for gender),per school day and before school.Immediately after school(15:00-16:00),AT engaged in significantly more MVPA compared with AT + MT and MT.No differences in MVPA between the groups were observed in the late afternoon/early evening period during school days or on weekend days.Conclusion:Compared with MT users,adolescent girls using AT or AT + MT accumulated more MVPA during school commute time.AT + MT to school is also a plausible way to increase adolescent girls’ PA when AT only is not feasible.
基金Funded by Provincial Basic Research Projects(No.LJKMZ20220947)。
文摘The effects of liquid-solid ratio and reaction time on the leaching rate of magnesium at room temperature were investigated,as well as the effects of the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2),the amount of water added,and the amount of acid-impregnated slag dosed on the compressive strength and water resistance of LR-MOC.The results showed that the magnesium element in the boron mud could be maximally leached under the conditions of 1:1 concentration of hydrochloric acid at room temperature,liquid-solid ratio of 2.5 mL·g^(-1),and reaction time of 5 h,and the main products were amorphous SiO_(2) as well as a small amount of magnesium olivine which had not been completely reacted.The LR-MOC prepared using the acid-soaked mixture could reach a softening coefficient of 0.85 for 28 d of water immersion when the molar ratio of MgO/MgCl_(2) was 2.2,the amount of water added was 0 g,and the acid-soaked slag dosing was 40 wt%,which also led to an appreciable late-strength,with an increase of 19.4%in compressive strength at 28 d compared to that at 7 d.Unlike previous studies,LR-MOC prepared in this way has a final strength phase that is not the more easily hydrolysed 3-phase but the lath-like 5-phase.For this phenomenon,we analyzed the mechanism and found that,during the acid leaching process,a part of amorphous SiO_(2) dissolved in the acid leaching solution formed a silica sol,in which Mg^(2+)played a bridging role to make the silica sol more stable.With the addition and hydrolysis of MgO,the silica sol gel coagulation slows down,providing a capping layer to inhibit the hydrolysis of the 5-phase crystals and providing some strength after coagulation.The amorphous SiO_(2) in the other part of the acid-impregnated slag generated M-S-H gel with Mg^(2+)and OH-,which synergised with the dense structure composed of interlocking crystals to improve the water resistance of LR-MOC.
基金Natural science foundation of Inner Mongolia(2024LHMS06018)The basic scientific research funding for directly affiliated universities in the Inner Mongolia(JY20250094)。
文摘A complex system is inherently high-dimensional.Recent studies indicate that,even without complete knowledge of its evolutionary dynamics,the future behavior of such a system can be predicted using time-series data(data-driven prediction).This suggests that the essential dynamics of a complex system can be captured through a low-dimensional representation.Virus evolution and climate change are two examples of complex,time-varying systems.In this article,we show that mutations in the spike protein provide valuable data for predicting SARS-CoV-2 variants,forecasting the possible emergence of the new macro-lineage Q in the near future.Our analysis also demonstrates that carbon dioxide concentration is a reliable indicator for predicting the evolution of the climate system,extending global surface air temperature(GSAT)forecasts through 2500.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12222506, 12347102, 12447164, and 12174184)。
文摘Accurately estimating protein–ligand binding free energy is crucial for drug design and biophysics, yet remains a challenging task. In this study, we applied the screening molecular mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann surface area(MM/PBSA)method in combination with various machine learning techniques to compute the binding free energies of protein–ligand interactions. Our results demonstrate that machine learning outperforms direct screening MM/PBSA calculations in predicting protein–ligand binding free energies. Notably, the random forest(RF) method exhibited the best predictive performance,with a Pearson correlation coefficient(rp) of 0.702 and a mean absolute error(MAE) of 1.379 kcal/mol. Furthermore, we analyzed feature importance rankings in the gradient boosting(GB), adaptive boosting(Ada Boost), and RF methods, and found that feature selection significantly impacted predictive performance. In particular, molecular weight(MW) and van der Waals(VDW) energies played a decisive role in the prediction. Overall, this study highlights the potential of combining machine learning methods with screening MM/PBSA for accurately predicting binding free energies in biosystems.
基金Supported by the Special Foundation for Guangxi Ba Gui Scholars and Junwu Scholars of Guangxi Universitysupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12275350)。
文摘In this study,we investigate the critical phenomena of Kerr-AdS black holes under the modified first law of thermodynamics.Specifically,we considered modified black hole thermodynamics that exhibit a van der Waalslike phase structure.All critical exponents were calculated,and then,a swallowtail diagram of free energy was plotted.Comparing with existing results,the main difference is the correspondence between the thermal quantities of Kerr-AdS black holes and the van der Waals system.In a previous study[Y.D.Tsai,X.N.Wu,and Y.Yang,Phys.Rev.D 85044005(2012)],the correspondence was(Ω_(H),J)→(V,P),while in our study,the correspondence was(J,Ω_(H))→(V,P).This difference was owing to the rotating effect.The modified black hole thermodynamics were associated with rotating observers.The free energy in such a reference contains extra rotating energy,which induces a Legendre transformation in the(Ω_(H),J)cross-section,causing the difference in correspondence.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52472153,11704081,62488201)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1204100)+2 种基金National Science and Technology Innovation Talent Cultivation Program(Grant No.2023BZRC016)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2020GXNSFAA297182)the special fund for“Guangxi Bagui Scholars”。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)moirésuperlattices with a small twist in orientation exhibit a broad range of physical properties due to the complicated intralayer and interlayer interactions modulated by the twist angle.Here,we report a metal-semiconductor phase transition in homojunction moirésuperlattices of NiS_2 and PtTe_2 with large twist angles based on high-throughput screening of 2D materials MX_(2)(M=Ni,Pd,Pt;X=S,Se,Te)via density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Firstly,the calculations for different stacking configurations(AA,AB and AC)reveal that AA stacking ones are stable for all the bilayer MX_(2).The metallic or semiconducting properties of these 2D materials remain invariable for different stacking without twisting except for NiS_2 and PtTe_2.For the twisted configurations,NiS_2 transfers from metal to semiconductor when the twist angles are 21.79°,27.79°,32.20°and 60°.PtTe_2 exhibits a similar transition at 60°.The phase transition is due to the weakened d-p orbital hybridization around the Fermi level as the interlayer distance increases in the twisted configurations.Further calculations of untwisted bilayers with increasing interlayer distance demonstrate that all the materials undergo metal-semiconductor phase transition with the increased interlayer distance because of the weakened d-p orbital hybridization.These findings provide fundamental insights into tuning the electronic properties of moirésuperlattices with large twist angles.
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 16ZDA227)
文摘Purpose: This study presents the most recent estimates of prevalence of overweight, obesity, and screen-time viewing among Chinese school-aged children. Demographic differences in these estimates between sexes and resident locales were also examined.Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of 116,615 Chinese school children 9 to 17 years of age who participated in the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. Outcomes were the prevalence of children's overweight(85 th ≤ body mass index(BMI) < 95 th percentile) and obesity(BMI ≥95 th percentile)(defined by the Working Group on Obesity in China) and not meeting screen-time viewing recommendations("not meeting" was defined as more than 2 h per day of viewing activities after school). Analyses were conducted on the whole sample and by school grade cohorts(primary, junior middle, and junior high schools), sex, and residence locales(urban, rural).Results: Overall, 14.4%(95% confidence interval(CI): 13.8%–15.0%) of children and adolescents were overweight, 11.9%(95%CI: 11.0%–13.0%) were obese, and 36.8%(95%CI: 34.7%–38.9%) did not meet screen-time viewing recommendations. Across the 3-grade cohorts, boys were more likely to be obese than girls, and primary and junior middle school children living in urban areas were more likely to be obese than those living in rural areas. Primary and junior middle school boys were less likely to meet screen-time recommendations than girls, and junior high school children living in urban areas were less likely to meet screen-time recommendations than school children of the same grades living in rural areas.Conclusion: In 2016, the prevalence of obesity among Chinese school children was about 12%, and about 37% of them did not meet screen-time viewing recommendations. The prevalence of obesity and sedentary behavior was generally higher among boys than among girls, and it was higher for children living in urban areas than for those living in rural areas.
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (No.16ZDA227)
文摘Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between school and community physical activity(PA) characteristics and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school children.Methods: Data were obtained from the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. Participants were 80,928 school children(Grades 4–12; 39,747 boys, 41,181 girls; mean age = 13 years) and 935 physical education(PE) teachers who completed a study survey.Independent variables included both school-related factors(school-level PA support, availability of and access to PA facilities, and the duration of school PE classes) and community-related factors(the frequency of sports events, sports training opportunities, availability of sports clubs and organizations, and access to PA facilities). The dependent variable was the children's self-reported participation in MVPA. The data were analyzed,in 2017, via multilevel modeling.Results: PA support from school administrators was the only school-level factor significantly related to children's participation in MVPA.Children's perceptions of the frequency of community-sponsored sports events, availability of sports clubs and organizations, and convenient access to PA facilities were associated with a high level of MVPA participation. In regard to residency in urban and rural areas, children attending urban schools who perceived high availability of PA facilities were associated with a low level of participation in MVPA.Conclusion: School support for PA and community PA resources are associated with MVPA among Chinese school children. School PA facilities appear underutilized among urban schools as evidenced by low levels of MVPA among school children.
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 16ZDA227)
文摘Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between parental support for physical activity(PA) and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school children.Methods: Study participants were 81,857 school-aged children(aged 9–17 years; mean age = 13 years; 49.0% boys) and their parents or guardians who took part in the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. The independent variables included various forms of parental support for PA ascertained through a survey completed by parents or guardians. The dependent variable was the children's average MVPA in minutes per day by self-report. Structure equation modeling was used to examine the associations between parental support for PA and children's MVPA minutes.Results: The overall mean for MVPA participation time for the child participants was 48.82 ± 28.71 min/day. Significant associations between various forms of parental support and MVPA among children were found. Parental encouragement, accompanying, financial support, involvement,and role modeling for PA were positively associated with a high level of student MVPA participation. Parental PA knowledge-sharing was not associated with MVPA. The patterns of the associations were similar across sex, residence locale(i.e., urban and rural), and school grades(primary,junior middle, and junior high schools).Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that, among Chinese school children, parental support for PA is important in promoting and facilitating children's participation in MVPA.
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (No.18ATY008)
文摘Purpose This study aimed to describe the national prevalence of Chinese children and adolescents who met the World Health Organization muscle-strengthening exercise(MSE)recommendations and identify correlates of meeting the MSE recommendations.Methods Cross-sectional data from the 2019 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study,a nationally representative sample of Chinese children and adolescents(n=80,413;mean age=13.7 years;53.9%girls)and their parents,were analyzed.Children and adolescents who reported engaging≥3 days(up to 7 days)of MSE per week were classified as meeting the MSE recommendations.MSE,demographics,lifestyle behaviors(sport participation,moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,screen time,and sleep duration),exercise intention,peer and parental support,and parental MSE participation were assessed through self-reports.Logistic regression models were used to determine the correlates of meeting the MSE recommendations.The analyses were completed in 2020.Results Overall,39.3%of children and adolescents met the MSE recommendations.Girls,10th-12th graders,minorities,those from lower income households and those from families with lower parental education were less likely to meet the MSE recommendations.Children and adolescents who were proficient in≥2 sports were more likely to meet the MSE recommendations(adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.44,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.26-1.65),as were those with more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(aOR=1.57,95%CI:1.53-1.61).Additionally,children and adolescents with high exercise intention(aOR=1.60,95%CI:1.51-1.69),those whose parents met the adult MSE recommendations(aOR=1.46,95%CI:1.40-1.52),and those who received high peer(aOR=1.27,95%CI:1.20-1.34)and parental support(aOR=1.07,95%CI:1.04-1.12)were more likely to meet the MSE recommendations.Conclusion Less than two-fifths of Chinese children and adolescents met the World Health Organization MSE recommendations.The correlates identified in our study can help inform the development of school and community based strategies and policies to enhance participation in MSE and improve muscular fitness of all Chinese children and adolescents.
基金co-financed by the European Union(European Social Fund-ESF)Greek national funds through the Operational Program“Education and Lifelong Learning”of the National Strategic Reference Framework(NSRF)-Research Funding Program:HeracleitusⅡInvest in knowledge society through the European Social Fund
文摘Background: Studies have indicated that there is a positive and indirect relationship between physical activity(PA) and quality of life(QoL). The current study examined this relationship through a social cognitive model with consideration to the intermediary effects of exercise self-efficacy,and physical(PCS, physical component summary) and psychological(MCS, mental component summary) health. Additionally, this model was widened to include concepts from the ecological theory, and any causal associations among neighborhood environment, PA, and QoL.Methods: Six hundred and eighty-four physically active adults(39.16 ± 13.52 years, mean ± SD), living in Athens, Greece, completed a series of questionnaires measuring PA, QoL, exercise self-efficacy, PCS, MCS, neighborhood environment, and family and friend support for PA. The examined models were analyzed using structural equation modeling.Results: The social cognitive and ecological models proved to be of appropriate fit. Within the social cognitive model, PA positively affected QoL through the mediating effects of exercise self-efficacy, PCS, and MCS. With regards to the ecological model, neighborhood environment positively influenced QoL through the intermediary effects of family support for PA, exercise self-efficacy, PA, PCS, and MCS.Conclusion: Results indicated that the most important mediators in the examined models were exercise self-efficacy and health. Further, findings demonstrated the role of neighborhood environment in enhancing PA and QoL. Future studies should be carried out applying longitudinal data for a better understanding of these associations over time.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71273157)and the Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University(Data-base Professional HSSDB1502).
文摘This data article describes data acquired from the Database of Youth Health(DYH)program.The DYH program consisted of a multi-wave survey conducted annually in the academic year 2015/2016,2016/2017,2017/2018,and 2020/2021 to investigate the status quo of health and health-related behaviors of Chinese junior and senior high school students.A total of 99,327 students from 186 secondary schools in 17 cities of Shandong province participated in the survey.The dataset is longitudinal and consists of rich parameters in aspects of individual information,social-economic status,social interaction,nutrition and diet,psychological cognition,mental health,school adaptation,quality of life,spare-time physical activity,risk behaviors,and physical fitness evaluation results based on the National Student Physical Fitness and Health 2014.It is the first open shared dataset about Chinese adolescents’health and health-related behaviors.It would be valuable and beneficial for policy makers,educational institutions,and other stakeholders to generate or adjust the existing strategies for improving Chinese adolescents’wellbeing.
基金support by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico(CNPq)Fundacao de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(FAPERJ)+1 种基金Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior(CAPES)Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos(Finep)
文摘Exergames can be considered a dual task because the games are performed by a man-videogame interface, requiring cognitive and motor functions simultaneously. Although the literature has shown improvements of cognitive and physical functions due to exergames, the intrinsic mechanisms involved in these functional changes have still not been elucidated. The aims of the present study were（1） to demonstrate the known biological mechanisms of physical exercise regarding muscle adaptation and establish a relationship with exergames; and（2） to present a neurobiological hypothesis about the neuroplastic effects of exergames on the cognitive function of institutionalized older persons. These hypotheses are discussed.
基金The study procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Physical Education,Guangzhou Sport University(2023LCLL-23).
文摘BACKGROUND Physical education is pivotal in our country’s education reform.Urban schools have notably enhanced the intensity of physical education in recent years.However,the effects of physical education on students'anxiety,depression,and self-esteem levels,as well as their interrelations,remain unexplored.Compared with the domestic norms,SAS and SDS scores were higher,and SES scores were lower(P<0.05).Among the participants,210(43.93%)had PARS-3 scores below 20,94(19.67%)had scores of 20-42,and 174(36.40%)had scores above 42.After adjusting for daily sleep time,gender,being an only child,major,father’s educational background,mother’s educational background,and family residence,PARS-3 scores were independent influencing factors for anxiety,depression,and low self-esteem(P<0.05).The AUC of PARS-3 scores predicting anxiety,depression,and low self-esteem were 0.805(0.760-0.849),0.799(0.755-0.843),and 0.831(0.788-0.874),respectively.The sensitivities were 0.799,0.801,and 0.748,and the specificities were 0.743,0.716,and 0.814,respectively.PARS-3 was negatively correlated with SAS and SDS scores(r=-0.566,-0.621,both P<0.001)and positively correlated with SES scores(r=-0.621,P<0.001).SES scores were negatively correlated with SAS and SDS scores(r=-0.508,r=-0.518,both P<0.001).CONCLUSION The amount of physical activity is negatively correlated with anxiety and depression degree and positively correlated with self-esteem degree.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771243)the Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation(141113)to Aiguo Chen.
文摘In recent years evidence has emerged suggesting that Mini-basketball training program(MBTP)can be an effec-tive intervention method to improve social communication(SC)impairments and restricted and repetitive beha-viors(RRBs)in preschool children suffering from autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,there is a considerable degree if interindividual variability concerning these social outcomes and thus not all preschool chil-dren with ASD profit from a MBTP intervention to the same extent.In order to make more accurate predictions which preschool children with ASD can benefit from an MBTP intervention or which preschool children with ASD need additional interventions to achieve behavioral improvements,further research is required.This study aimed to investigate which individual factors of preschool children with ASD can predict MBTP intervention out-comes concerning SC impairments and RRBs.Then,test the performance of machine learning models in predict-ing intervention outcomes based on these factors.Participants were 26 preschool children with ASD who enrolled in a quasi-experiment and received MBTP intervention.Baseline demographic variables(e.g.,age,body,mass index[BMI]),indicators of physicalfitness(e.g.,handgrip strength,balance performance),performance in execu-tive function,severity of ASD symptoms,level of SC impairments,and severity of RRBs were obtained to predict treatment outcomes after MBTP intervention.Machine learning models were established based on support vector machine algorithm were implemented.For comparison,we also employed multiple linear regression models in statistics.Ourfindings suggest that in preschool children with ASD symptomatic severity(r=0.712,p<0.001)and baseline SC impairments(r=0.713,p<0.001)are predictors for intervention outcomes of SC impair-ments.Furthermore,BMI(r=-0.430,p=0.028),symptomatic severity(r=0.656,p<0.001),baseline SC impair-ments(r=0.504,p=0.009)and baseline RRBs(r=0.647,p<0.001)can predict intervention outcomes of RRBs.Statistical models predicted 59.6%of variance in post-treatment SC impairments(MSE=0.455,RMSE=0.675,R2=0.596)and 58.9%of variance in post-treatment RRBs(MSE=0.464,RMSE=0.681,R2=0.589).Machine learning models predicted 83%of variance in post-treatment SC impairments(MSE=0.188,RMSE=0.434,R2=0.83)and 85.9%of variance in post-treatment RRBs(MSE=0.051,RMSE=0.226,R2=0.859),which were better than statistical models.Ourfindings suggest that baseline characteristics such as symptomatic severity of 144 IJMHP,2022,vol.24,no.2 ASD symptoms and SC impairments are important predictors determining MBTP intervention-induced improvements concerning SC impairments and RBBs.Furthermore,the current study revealed that machine learning models can successfully be applied to predict the MBTP intervention-related outcomes in preschool chil-dren with ASD,and performed better than statistical models.Ourfindings can help to inform which preschool children with ASD are most likely to benefit from an MBTP intervention,and they might provide a reference for the development of personalized intervention programs for preschool children with ASD.
